Pub Date : 2021-11-08DOI: 10.1109/CloudNet53349.2021.9657125
Antonios Makris, Abderrahmane Boudi, M. Coppola, Luís Cordeiro, M. Corsini, Patrizio Dazzi, Ferran Diego Andilla, Yago González Rozas, Manos N. Kamarianakis, M. Pateraki, Thu Le Pham, Antonis I Protopsaltis, Aravindh Raman, Alessandro Romussi, Luis Rosa, Elena Spatafora, T. Taleb, T. Theodoropoulos, K. Tserpes, E. Zschau, U. Herzog
The paper introduces the CHARITY framework, a novel framework which aspires to leverage the benefits of intelligent, network continuum autonomous orchestration of cloud, edge, and network resources, to create a symbiotic relationship between low and high latency infrastructures. These infrastructures will facilitate the needs of emerging applications such as holographic events, virtual reality training, and mixed reality entertainment. The framework relies on different enablers and technologies related to cloud and edge for offering a suitable environment in order to deliver the promise of ubiquitous computing to the NextGen application clients. The paper discusses the main pillars that support the CHARITY vision, and provide a description of the planned use cases that are planned to demonstrate CHARITY capabilities.
{"title":"Cloud for Holography and Augmented Reality","authors":"Antonios Makris, Abderrahmane Boudi, M. Coppola, Luís Cordeiro, M. Corsini, Patrizio Dazzi, Ferran Diego Andilla, Yago González Rozas, Manos N. Kamarianakis, M. Pateraki, Thu Le Pham, Antonis I Protopsaltis, Aravindh Raman, Alessandro Romussi, Luis Rosa, Elena Spatafora, T. Taleb, T. Theodoropoulos, K. Tserpes, E. Zschau, U. Herzog","doi":"10.1109/CloudNet53349.2021.9657125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CloudNet53349.2021.9657125","url":null,"abstract":"The paper introduces the CHARITY framework, a novel framework which aspires to leverage the benefits of intelligent, network continuum autonomous orchestration of cloud, edge, and network resources, to create a symbiotic relationship between low and high latency infrastructures. These infrastructures will facilitate the needs of emerging applications such as holographic events, virtual reality training, and mixed reality entertainment. The framework relies on different enablers and technologies related to cloud and edge for offering a suitable environment in order to deliver the promise of ubiquitous computing to the NextGen application clients. The paper discusses the main pillars that support the CHARITY vision, and provide a description of the planned use cases that are planned to demonstrate CHARITY capabilities.","PeriodicalId":369247,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 10th International Conference on Cloud Networking (CloudNet)","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121962308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-08DOI: 10.1109/CloudNet53349.2021.9657150
J. M. L. Filho, Maiara de Souza Coelho, C. Melo
According to a Cisco report, mobile network speeds will more than triple by 2023, from 13.2 Mbps in 2018 to 43.9 Mbps in 2023. The average 5G connection speed is forecasted to reach 575 Mbps by 2023. This increase in bandwidth on mobile networks, along with the growing demand for streaming video content, has imposed unprecedented challenges on the backhaul networks that interconnect mobile networks to the Internet core. A trend to mitigate this problem has been to bring the source of content closer to the users, bringing it from the cloud to multi-access edge computing (MEC), therefore shifting the traffic pattern from the Internet core to the edge. In this article, we propose a framework called live streaming with super-resolution (LiveSR) that uses deep neural network-based super-resolution. In the LiveSR, live video moves in low resolution down to MEC and upscales to high resolution before being delivered to viewers over high-bandwidth mobile networks. We evaluate the proposed framework in scenarios with real 5G network traces. When we compare the proposed framework and a cloud-based video delivery system in a network defined by congested backhaul links, results show that the LiveSR framework can increase the quality of experience (QoE) in adaptive live videos by 49%, 51%, and 58% for the LoL+, BOLA, and L2A-LL adaptive algorithms, respectively. A considerable reduction in traffic in the backhaul is also recorded, ranging from 97.36% to 98.18%.
{"title":"Super-resolution on Edge Computing for Improved Adaptive HTTP Live Streaming Delivery","authors":"J. M. L. Filho, Maiara de Souza Coelho, C. Melo","doi":"10.1109/CloudNet53349.2021.9657150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CloudNet53349.2021.9657150","url":null,"abstract":"According to a Cisco report, mobile network speeds will more than triple by 2023, from 13.2 Mbps in 2018 to 43.9 Mbps in 2023. The average 5G connection speed is forecasted to reach 575 Mbps by 2023. This increase in bandwidth on mobile networks, along with the growing demand for streaming video content, has imposed unprecedented challenges on the backhaul networks that interconnect mobile networks to the Internet core. A trend to mitigate this problem has been to bring the source of content closer to the users, bringing it from the cloud to multi-access edge computing (MEC), therefore shifting the traffic pattern from the Internet core to the edge. In this article, we propose a framework called live streaming with super-resolution (LiveSR) that uses deep neural network-based super-resolution. In the LiveSR, live video moves in low resolution down to MEC and upscales to high resolution before being delivered to viewers over high-bandwidth mobile networks. We evaluate the proposed framework in scenarios with real 5G network traces. When we compare the proposed framework and a cloud-based video delivery system in a network defined by congested backhaul links, results show that the LiveSR framework can increase the quality of experience (QoE) in adaptive live videos by 49%, 51%, and 58% for the LoL+, BOLA, and L2A-LL adaptive algorithms, respectively. A considerable reduction in traffic in the backhaul is also recorded, ranging from 97.36% to 98.18%.","PeriodicalId":369247,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 10th International Conference on Cloud Networking (CloudNet)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133958661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-08DOI: 10.1109/CloudNet53349.2021.9657137
Kohei Ogawa, Kouto Miyazawa, Saneyasu Yamaguchi, A. Kobayashi
Abstract—TCP BBR (Bottleneck Bandwidth and Round-trip time) is one of the most promising transport layer algorithms in the near future. This algorithm provides higher throughput than existing algorithms. However, it was reported that the throughput fairness between TCP BBR connections that share the bottleneck link is not high in some cases. In this situation, the throughputs of some TCP BBR connections are not high enough. We think that this should be solved for TCP BBR to become popular. In this paper, we focus on the TCP BBR implementation of the Linux kernel and discuss the throughput fairness between TCP BBR connections. First, we evaluate the throughput fairness and show that the fairness is not high in some cases. Second, we reveal that the cause of this unfairness. Third, we propose a method for improving fairness by fixing a parameter in this implementation. Fourth, we evaluate the proposed method and show that the method can improve fairness significantly. In the cases of optimized parameters, the fairness index improved more than four times.
{"title":"Throughput Distribution and Stabilization on TCP BBR Connections","authors":"Kohei Ogawa, Kouto Miyazawa, Saneyasu Yamaguchi, A. Kobayashi","doi":"10.1109/CloudNet53349.2021.9657137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CloudNet53349.2021.9657137","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract—TCP BBR (Bottleneck Bandwidth and Round-trip time) is one of the most promising transport layer algorithms in the near future. This algorithm provides higher throughput than existing algorithms. However, it was reported that the throughput fairness between TCP BBR connections that share the bottleneck link is not high in some cases. In this situation, the throughputs of some TCP BBR connections are not high enough. We think that this should be solved for TCP BBR to become popular. In this paper, we focus on the TCP BBR implementation of the Linux kernel and discuss the throughput fairness between TCP BBR connections. First, we evaluate the throughput fairness and show that the fairness is not high in some cases. Second, we reveal that the cause of this unfairness. Third, we propose a method for improving fairness by fixing a parameter in this implementation. Fourth, we evaluate the proposed method and show that the method can improve fairness significantly. In the cases of optimized parameters, the fairness index improved more than four times.","PeriodicalId":369247,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 10th International Conference on Cloud Networking (CloudNet)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125124829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-08DOI: 10.1109/CloudNet53349.2021.9657156
K. Kontodimas, P. Soumplis, A. Kretsis, P. Kokkinos, Emmanouel A. Varvarigos
Distributed storage systems place data in multiple cloud datacenters, leading to increased availability and flexibility. However, limitations are present when strict bandwidth and latency requirements are posed by the applications, as the data are stored into different, probably distant locations. The incorporation of edge resources in distributed storage services enables the placement of the data closer to their source, serving better the applications’ demands. Erasure coding offers a way to increase the availability and longevity of data during hosting. In our work, we develop mechanisms that perform resource allocation and store data at edge and cloud resources taking advantage of their different characteristics, while also exploiting the erasure coding technique. Initially, we provide a mixed integer linear programming formulation of the considered problem. As the search space can be vast and the execution time prohibitively large for real size problems, we also propose a heuristic approach which makes use of the rollout policy to efficiently trade-off performance with execution time. A set of simulation experiments is performed to showcase the validity of the proposed methods.
{"title":"Secure Distributed Storage on Cloud-Edge Infrastructures","authors":"K. Kontodimas, P. Soumplis, A. Kretsis, P. Kokkinos, Emmanouel A. Varvarigos","doi":"10.1109/CloudNet53349.2021.9657156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CloudNet53349.2021.9657156","url":null,"abstract":"Distributed storage systems place data in multiple cloud datacenters, leading to increased availability and flexibility. However, limitations are present when strict bandwidth and latency requirements are posed by the applications, as the data are stored into different, probably distant locations. The incorporation of edge resources in distributed storage services enables the placement of the data closer to their source, serving better the applications’ demands. Erasure coding offers a way to increase the availability and longevity of data during hosting. In our work, we develop mechanisms that perform resource allocation and store data at edge and cloud resources taking advantage of their different characteristics, while also exploiting the erasure coding technique. Initially, we provide a mixed integer linear programming formulation of the considered problem. As the search space can be vast and the execution time prohibitively large for real size problems, we also propose a heuristic approach which makes use of the rollout policy to efficiently trade-off performance with execution time. A set of simulation experiments is performed to showcase the validity of the proposed methods.","PeriodicalId":369247,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 10th International Conference on Cloud Networking (CloudNet)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123962428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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