Pub Date : 2019-06-21DOI: 10.31799/1684-8853-2019-3-2-9
N. A. Balonin, M. Sergeev, J. Seberry, O. I. Sinitsyna
Introduction: The Hadamard conjecture about the existence of Hadamard matrices in all orders multiple of 4, and the Gauss problem about the number of points in a circle are among the most important turning points in the development of mathematics. They both stimulated the development of scientific schools around the world with an immense amount of works. There are substantiations that these scientific problems are deeply connected. The number of Gaussian points (Z3 lattice points) on a spheroid, cone, paraboloid or parabola, along with their location, determines the number and types of Hadamard matrices.Purpose: Specification of the upper and lower bounds for the number of Gaussian points (with odd coordinates) on a spheroid depending on the problem size, in order to specify the Gauss theorem (about the solvability of quadratic problems in triangular numbers by projections onto the Liouville plane) with estimates for the case of Hadamard matrices. Methods: The authors, in addition to their previous ideas about proving the Hadamard conjecture on the base of a one-to-one correspondence between orthogonal matrices and Gaussian points, propose one more way, using the properties of generalized circles on Z3 .Results: It is proved that for a spheroid, the lower bound of all Gaussian points with odd coordinates is equal to the equator radius R, the upper limit of the points located above the equator is equal to the length of this equator L=2πR, and the total number of points is limited to 2L. Due to the spheroid symmetry in the sector with positive coordinates (octant), this gives the values of R/8 and L/4. Thus, the number of Gaussian points with odd coordinates does not exceed the border perimeter and is no less than the relative share of the sector in the total volume of the figure.Practical significance: Hadamard matrices associated with lattice points have a direct practical significance for noise-resistant coding, compression and masking of video information.
{"title":"Circles on lattices and Hadamard matrices","authors":"N. A. Balonin, M. Sergeev, J. Seberry, O. I. Sinitsyna","doi":"10.31799/1684-8853-2019-3-2-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31799/1684-8853-2019-3-2-9","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The Hadamard conjecture about the existence of Hadamard matrices in all orders multiple of 4, and the Gauss problem about the number of points in a circle are among the most important turning points in the development of mathematics. They both stimulated the development of scientific schools around the world with an immense amount of works. There are substantiations that these scientific problems are deeply connected. The number of Gaussian points (Z3 lattice points) on a spheroid, cone, paraboloid or parabola, along with their location, determines the number and types of Hadamard matrices.Purpose: Specification of the upper and lower bounds for the number of Gaussian points (with odd coordinates) on a spheroid depending on the problem size, in order to specify the Gauss theorem (about the solvability of quadratic problems in triangular numbers by projections onto the Liouville plane) with estimates for the case of Hadamard matrices. Methods: The authors, in addition to their previous ideas about proving the Hadamard conjecture on the base of a one-to-one correspondence between orthogonal matrices and Gaussian points, propose one more way, using the properties of generalized circles on Z3 .Results: It is proved that for a spheroid, the lower bound of all Gaussian points with odd coordinates is equal to the equator radius R, the upper limit of the points located above the equator is equal to the length of this equator L=2πR, and the total number of points is limited to 2L. Due to the spheroid symmetry in the sector with positive coordinates (octant), this gives the values of R/8 and L/4. Thus, the number of Gaussian points with odd coordinates does not exceed the border perimeter and is no less than the relative share of the sector in the total volume of the figure.Practical significance: Hadamard matrices associated with lattice points have a direct practical significance for noise-resistant coding, compression and masking of video information.","PeriodicalId":36977,"journal":{"name":"Informatsionno-Upravliaiushchie Sistemy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41842120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-21DOI: 10.31799/1684-8853-2019-3-10-36
M. Favorskaya, L. Jain
Introduction:Saliency detection is a fundamental task of computer vision. Its ultimate aim is to localize the objects of interest that grab human visual attention with respect to the rest of the image. A great variety of saliency models based on different approaches was developed since 1990s. In recent years, the saliency detection has become one of actively studied topic in the theory of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Many original decisions using CNNs were proposed for salient object detection and, even, event detection.Purpose:A detailed survey of saliency detection methods in deep learning era allows to understand the current possibilities of CNN approach for visual analysis conducted by the human eyes’ tracking and digital image processing.Results:A survey reflects the recent advances in saliency detection using CNNs. Different models available in literature, such as static and dynamic 2D CNNs for salient object detection and 3D CNNs for salient event detection are discussed in the chronological order. It is worth noting that automatic salient event detection in durable videos became possible using the recently appeared 3D CNN combining with 2D CNN for salient audio detection. Also in this article, we have presented a short description of public image and video datasets with annotated salient objects or events, as well as the often used metrics for the results’ evaluation.Practical relevance:This survey is considered as a contribution in the study of rapidly developed deep learning methods with respect to the saliency detection in the images and videos.
{"title":"Saliency detection in deep learning era: trends of development","authors":"M. Favorskaya, L. Jain","doi":"10.31799/1684-8853-2019-3-10-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31799/1684-8853-2019-3-10-36","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction:Saliency detection is a fundamental task of computer vision. Its ultimate aim is to localize the objects of interest that grab human visual attention with respect to the rest of the image. A great variety of saliency models based on different approaches was developed since 1990s. In recent years, the saliency detection has become one of actively studied topic in the theory of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Many original decisions using CNNs were proposed for salient object detection and, even, event detection.Purpose:A detailed survey of saliency detection methods in deep learning era allows to understand the current possibilities of CNN approach for visual analysis conducted by the human eyes’ tracking and digital image processing.Results:A survey reflects the recent advances in saliency detection using CNNs. Different models available in literature, such as static and dynamic 2D CNNs for salient object detection and 3D CNNs for salient event detection are discussed in the chronological order. It is worth noting that automatic salient event detection in durable videos became possible using the recently appeared 3D CNN combining with 2D CNN for salient audio detection. Also in this article, we have presented a short description of public image and video datasets with annotated salient objects or events, as well as the often used metrics for the results’ evaluation.Practical relevance:This survey is considered as a contribution in the study of rapidly developed deep learning methods with respect to the saliency detection in the images and videos.","PeriodicalId":36977,"journal":{"name":"Informatsionno-Upravliaiushchie Sistemy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43358083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-19DOI: 10.31799/1684-8853-2019-2-52-56
A. Gordeyev, A. Andreyev
{"title":"OpenLDAP directory service structure as a search filter","authors":"A. Gordeyev, A. Andreyev","doi":"10.31799/1684-8853-2019-2-52-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31799/1684-8853-2019-2-52-56","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36977,"journal":{"name":"Informatsionno-Upravliaiushchie Sistemy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42860263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-19DOI: 10.31799/1684-8853-2019-2-68-75
B. Sovetov, T. Tatarnikova, E. Poymanova
{"title":"Organization of multi-level data storage","authors":"B. Sovetov, T. Tatarnikova, E. Poymanova","doi":"10.31799/1684-8853-2019-2-68-75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31799/1684-8853-2019-2-68-75","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36977,"journal":{"name":"Informatsionno-Upravliaiushchie Sistemy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41706504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-19DOI: 10.31799/1684-8853-2019-2-83-94
V. Komarov, A. Sarafanov, S. Tumkovskiy
{"title":"Multi-user distributed information-control systems as an element of modern digital educational environment","authors":"V. Komarov, A. Sarafanov, S. Tumkovskiy","doi":"10.31799/1684-8853-2019-2-83-94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31799/1684-8853-2019-2-83-94","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36977,"journal":{"name":"Informatsionno-Upravliaiushchie Sistemy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49613346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-19DOI: 10.31799/1684-8853-2019-2-44-51
A. A. Klucharev, A. Fomenkova
{"title":"Mathematical model of a fixed-biomass anaerobic bioreactor as a control object","authors":"A. A. Klucharev, A. Fomenkova","doi":"10.31799/1684-8853-2019-2-44-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31799/1684-8853-2019-2-44-51","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36977,"journal":{"name":"Informatsionno-Upravliaiushchie Sistemy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45709416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-19DOI: 10.31799/1684-8853-2019-2-76-82
S. Belim, Y. S. Rakitskiy
{"title":"Using families of orthogonal functions for coding messages in a chaotic masking scheme","authors":"S. Belim, Y. S. Rakitskiy","doi":"10.31799/1684-8853-2019-2-76-82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31799/1684-8853-2019-2-76-82","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36977,"journal":{"name":"Informatsionno-Upravliaiushchie Sistemy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44323198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-18DOI: 10.31799/1684-8853-2019-2-19-25
P. Konovalov, A. Kornilova, D. Korolev, G. Reneva, Alexander L. Fradkov, I. Shirokolobov, D. Yarosh
Introduction: The international RoboCup soccer tournaments for robots have been held since the mid-1990s and have attracted a lot of attention from universities all over the world. Their goal is to develop scientific and engineering research in the areas of robotics, artificial intelligence, computer vision, navigation, group and multi-agent interaction of robots and mechatronic devices. Purpose: To create a new generation research bench which assists in developing, training and evaluating soccer robots, as well as developing basic algorithms for managing an individual soccer robot or a group of them. Results: A stand was designed to develop and analyze algorithms for control over a group of robots and navigation in a highly dynamic environment with centralized control organized as follows: the computing center receives data from a video surveillance system, uses the obtained information about the positions of the robots and the ball and about the state of their sensors to calculate control commands (velocity vector, angular velocity, impact signal) which are then transmitted to the robots for execution. Basic control algorithms for robot soccer players, such as: moving to a point, turning on a point, movement around a circle, obstacle avoidance, taking a pass, goalkeeper actions, hitting a set point, as well as a game model for two field players acting against a goalkeeper were implemented and used to test the stand performance, to record the qualification video and to prepare documents for the participation of St. Petersburg State University team in the RoboCup Small Size League final, 2019, in Sydney, Australia.
{"title":"A team of soccer robots for RoboCup competitions in SSL league: system and algorithms","authors":"P. Konovalov, A. Kornilova, D. Korolev, G. Reneva, Alexander L. Fradkov, I. Shirokolobov, D. Yarosh","doi":"10.31799/1684-8853-2019-2-19-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31799/1684-8853-2019-2-19-25","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The international RoboCup soccer tournaments for robots have been held since the mid-1990s and have attracted a lot of attention from universities all over the world. Their goal is to develop scientific and engineering research in the areas of robotics, artificial intelligence, computer vision, navigation, group and multi-agent interaction of robots and mechatronic devices. Purpose: To create a new generation research bench which assists in developing, training and evaluating soccer robots, as well as developing basic algorithms for managing an individual soccer robot or a group of them. Results: A stand was designed to develop and analyze algorithms for control over a group of robots and navigation in a highly dynamic environment with centralized control organized as follows: the computing center receives data from a video surveillance system, uses the obtained information about the positions of the robots and the ball and about the state of their sensors to calculate control commands (velocity vector, angular velocity, impact signal) which are then transmitted to the robots for execution. Basic control algorithms for robot soccer players, such as: moving to a point, turning on a point, movement around a circle, obstacle avoidance, taking a pass, goalkeeper actions, hitting a set point, as well as a game model for two field players acting against a goalkeeper were implemented and used to test the stand performance, to record the qualification video and to prepare documents for the participation of St. Petersburg State University team in the RoboCup Small Size League final, 2019, in Sydney, Australia.","PeriodicalId":36977,"journal":{"name":"Informatsionno-Upravliaiushchie Sistemy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69413264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-18DOI: 10.31799/1684-8853-2019-2-10-18
V. I. Khimenko
Introduction: The models of vector random processes are characterized by a variety of practical applications and, at the same time, by the complexity of studying the detailed probabilistic structure. Such features often lead to considering only separate components of vector functions, forcing the shift to scalar process analysis. All this significantly reduces the overall information content of the research, increasing the relevance of the search for promising approaches to probabilistic analysis of vector processes. Purpose: To present vector random processes in a phase space of states, and to apply the general theory of level crossings of random functions to the study of probabilistic structure of phase trajectories. Results: We have identified the characteristic features of displaying random processes on a phase plane, and introduced numerical characteristics for the description and analysis of probabilistic behavior of sample functions. A probabilistic analysis has been performed for the characteristics of the «level crossing» type for vector processes with various definitions of the areas of acceptable values. We used the typical models of two-dimensional Gaussian processes and «signal plus noise» models to demonstrate how the probabilistic structure of the phase trajectories depends on the given threshold levels, major distribution parameters and spectral-correlation properties of the studied processes. Practical relevance : The article contributes to the research information content and its visualization in the analysis of probabilistic behavior of vector random processes. It combines general methods of phase space of vector processes, methods of phase plane in the analysis of scalar processes and the theory of level crossings of random functions. The classical approaches to the visual description of phase trajectories are supplemented by the methods of quantitative analysis of detailed probabilistic structure of random functions.
{"title":"Probabilistic analysis of two-dimensional vector random processes on the phase plane","authors":"V. I. Khimenko","doi":"10.31799/1684-8853-2019-2-10-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31799/1684-8853-2019-2-10-18","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The models of vector random processes are characterized by a variety of practical applications and, at the same time, by the complexity of studying the detailed probabilistic structure. Such features often lead to considering only separate components of vector functions, forcing the shift to scalar process analysis. All this significantly reduces the overall information content of the research, increasing the relevance of the search for promising approaches to probabilistic analysis of vector processes. Purpose: To present vector random processes in a phase space of states, and to apply the general theory of level crossings of random functions to the study of probabilistic structure of phase trajectories. Results: We have identified the characteristic features of displaying random processes on a phase plane, and introduced numerical characteristics for the description and analysis of probabilistic behavior of sample functions. A probabilistic analysis has been performed for the characteristics of the «level crossing» type for vector processes with various definitions of the areas of acceptable values. We used the typical models of two-dimensional Gaussian processes and «signal plus noise» models to demonstrate how the probabilistic structure of the phase trajectories depends on the given threshold levels, major distribution parameters and spectral-correlation properties of the studied processes. Practical relevance : The article contributes to the research information content and its visualization in the analysis of probabilistic behavior of vector random processes. It combines general methods of phase space of vector processes, methods of phase plane in the analysis of scalar processes and the theory of level crossings of random functions. The classical approaches to the visual description of phase trajectories are supplemented by the methods of quantitative analysis of detailed probabilistic structure of random functions.","PeriodicalId":36977,"journal":{"name":"Informatsionno-Upravliaiushchie Sistemy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47157562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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