Pub Date : 2022-05-05DOI: 10.1080/21635781.2022.2067918
J. Judkins, S. Merkle, K. Taylor, Brandon M Roberts, B. Ritland, Stephen A. Foulis, J. Hughes, K. Heaton
Abstract Numerous stressors during Army Basic Combat Training can elevate pain. Previous research has shown that disrupted sleep may increase pain and pain catastrophizing. The purpose of this study is to examine the interrelationships between pain catastrophizing, sleep duration, sleep quality, and pain intensity in a military population. Measures included three standardized self-report instruments related to sleep and pain intensity. Linear mixed-model mediation analyses evaluated the direct effect of sleep on pain intensity and the indirect effect of pain catastrophizing on pain intensity. Participants (N = 478, 57.7% male, 20.8 ± 3.96 years) averaged 6.39 ± 1.01 h of sleep per night and reported mild pain intensity ratings of 3.4 ± 2.02. Significant main effects of sleep duration (b = −0.23) and quality (b = 0.11) on pain intensity (p < 0.0001) were observed, however pain catastrophizing did not mediate these relationships (p = 0.30 and p = 0.12). Overall, data suggest that female trainees with poorer sleep quality also report greater levels of pain, a relationship that was significantly mediated by pain catastrophizing. Female trainees also reported greater levels of pain intensity and rumination, which reflects observations made within the general population.
{"title":"Mediating Effects of Pain Catastrophizing on Sleep and Pain Intensity in Army Basic Trainees","authors":"J. Judkins, S. Merkle, K. Taylor, Brandon M Roberts, B. Ritland, Stephen A. Foulis, J. Hughes, K. Heaton","doi":"10.1080/21635781.2022.2067918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21635781.2022.2067918","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Numerous stressors during Army Basic Combat Training can elevate pain. Previous research has shown that disrupted sleep may increase pain and pain catastrophizing. The purpose of this study is to examine the interrelationships between pain catastrophizing, sleep duration, sleep quality, and pain intensity in a military population. Measures included three standardized self-report instruments related to sleep and pain intensity. Linear mixed-model mediation analyses evaluated the direct effect of sleep on pain intensity and the indirect effect of pain catastrophizing on pain intensity. Participants (N = 478, 57.7% male, 20.8 ± 3.96 years) averaged 6.39 ± 1.01 h of sleep per night and reported mild pain intensity ratings of 3.4 ± 2.02. Significant main effects of sleep duration (b = −0.23) and quality (b = 0.11) on pain intensity (p < 0.0001) were observed, however pain catastrophizing did not mediate these relationships (p = 0.30 and p = 0.12). Overall, data suggest that female trainees with poorer sleep quality also report greater levels of pain, a relationship that was significantly mediated by pain catastrophizing. Female trainees also reported greater levels of pain intensity and rumination, which reflects observations made within the general population.","PeriodicalId":37012,"journal":{"name":"Military Behavioral Health","volume":"10 1","pages":"421 - 428"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45031856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-04DOI: 10.1080/21635781.2022.2057374
S. Duranceau, A. Angehrn, M. Zamorski, R. Carleton
Abstract IntroductionRecent research evidence indicates increased mental health needs among Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) personnel. Research evidence also indicates that a portion of CAF personnel with mental health needs do not seek professional mental health care or significantly delay initiating treatment. The current study was designed to examine individual correlates of use for a paraprofessional peer support program available to CAF personnel, veterans, and their families (i.e., Operational Stress Injury Social Support [OSISS]). Methods: Participants included 6,700 CAF Regular members. Prevalence estimates were computed for all variables of interest and hierarchical logistic regression analyses served to identify correlates of OSISS use. Results: The results indicate that meeting criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder had the strongest association with OSISS use (OR = 22.31 [95% CI = 13.36-37.28]), but only a small number of CAF personnel (1.2%) seek help from OSISS. Discussion: Results suggest that OSISS use was limited and tended to occur in conjunction with professional mental health service use. Efforts could be engaged to emphasize the availability of peer support as a resource for all operational stress injuries and to increase the reach of peer support programs for military personnel.
{"title":"Use of the Operational Stress Injury Social Support (OSISS) Program in a Nationally Representative Sample of Canadian Active Duty Military Personnel","authors":"S. Duranceau, A. Angehrn, M. Zamorski, R. Carleton","doi":"10.1080/21635781.2022.2057374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21635781.2022.2057374","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract IntroductionRecent research evidence indicates increased mental health needs among Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) personnel. Research evidence also indicates that a portion of CAF personnel with mental health needs do not seek professional mental health care or significantly delay initiating treatment. The current study was designed to examine individual correlates of use for a paraprofessional peer support program available to CAF personnel, veterans, and their families (i.e., Operational Stress Injury Social Support [OSISS]). Methods: Participants included 6,700 CAF Regular members. Prevalence estimates were computed for all variables of interest and hierarchical logistic regression analyses served to identify correlates of OSISS use. Results: The results indicate that meeting criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder had the strongest association with OSISS use (OR = 22.31 [95% CI = 13.36-37.28]), but only a small number of CAF personnel (1.2%) seek help from OSISS. Discussion: Results suggest that OSISS use was limited and tended to occur in conjunction with professional mental health service use. Efforts could be engaged to emphasize the availability of peer support as a resource for all operational stress injuries and to increase the reach of peer support programs for military personnel.","PeriodicalId":37012,"journal":{"name":"Military Behavioral Health","volume":"10 1","pages":"397 - 407"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48275767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/21635781.2022.2098882
L. Manser, Laurie Ogilvie
Abstract Like many Canadian families, military families deal with struggles around financial stress, intimate partner relationships, mental health, and personal well-being. But military families also face challenges that are altogether unique to the military lifestyle: relocation due to operational postings, repeated absences due to military requirements and taskings, and risk of injury and death. Quite often the combination of these challenges compound each other. Moreover, many of these uniquely military challenges are systemic and repetitive – meaning families will be faced with them again and again. Resilience, the ability to bounce back from adversity, can help families navigate these repetitive and systemic challenges by learning to adapt to changing environments quickly and positively. Military Family Services, a division of Canadian Forces Morale and Welfare Services, relies on research as the grounding for modernization of services to better support the resilience of Canadian military and Veteran families.
{"title":"Supporting Resilience in Military Families – from Research to Practice","authors":"L. Manser, Laurie Ogilvie","doi":"10.1080/21635781.2022.2098882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21635781.2022.2098882","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Like many Canadian families, military families deal with struggles around financial stress, intimate partner relationships, mental health, and personal well-being. But military families also face challenges that are altogether unique to the military lifestyle: relocation due to operational postings, repeated absences due to military requirements and taskings, and risk of injury and death. Quite often the combination of these challenges compound each other. Moreover, many of these uniquely military challenges are systemic and repetitive – meaning families will be faced with them again and again. Resilience, the ability to bounce back from adversity, can help families navigate these repetitive and systemic challenges by learning to adapt to changing environments quickly and positively. Military Family Services, a division of Canadian Forces Morale and Welfare Services, relies on research as the grounding for modernization of services to better support the resilience of Canadian military and Veteran families.","PeriodicalId":37012,"journal":{"name":"Military Behavioral Health","volume":"10 1","pages":"74 - 78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42777815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/21635781.2022.2098886
A. Skomorovsky, Sanela Dursun
Abstract Psychological health of military families is essential to ensuring the retention and readiness of military personnel. Despite the negative impact of military life related stressors on health and well-being of military families, contemporary research shows that families remain resilient. The definition and operationalization of resilience have recently received considerable attention in North American research, highlighting the importance of the resilience construct for military families. However, there has been minimal research conducted to date to identify the key resilience factors among military families. This special issue discusses the key challenges to resilience as related to the needs of military families, factors contributing to resilience, and well-being outcomes in military families, including spouses, children and parents of military members. Recommendations for military organizations, current research gaps, and future research directions are discussed.
{"title":"Introduction: Resilience in Military Families","authors":"A. Skomorovsky, Sanela Dursun","doi":"10.1080/21635781.2022.2098886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21635781.2022.2098886","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Psychological health of military families is essential to ensuring the retention and readiness of military personnel. Despite the negative impact of military life related stressors on health and well-being of military families, contemporary research shows that families remain resilient. The definition and operationalization of resilience have recently received considerable attention in North American research, highlighting the importance of the resilience construct for military families. However, there has been minimal research conducted to date to identify the key resilience factors among military families. This special issue discusses the key challenges to resilience as related to the needs of military families, factors contributing to resilience, and well-being outcomes in military families, including spouses, children and parents of military members. Recommendations for military organizations, current research gaps, and future research directions are discussed.","PeriodicalId":37012,"journal":{"name":"Military Behavioral Health","volume":"10 1","pages":"71 - 73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42684576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-24DOI: 10.1080/21635781.2021.2007182
Jennifer Born, Jennifer E. C. Lee, M. MacLean, J. Sweet, L. van Til
Abstract Many Veterans experience disruptions to their social connections during military to civilian transition. As low social support has been associated with difficulties adjusting to civilian life, there is value in better understanding social support in Veteran populations. The purpose of this study was to identify correlates of social support among recent Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) Veterans. Data were collected as part of the 2016 Life After Service Survey, which was administered to a sample of CAF Regular Force Veterans. This study focuses on more recently released Veterans, 5 years prior to the survey (n = 1,723) to better reflect the impact of transitioning to civilian life. Social support was measured using the 10-item Social Provision Scale. Regression models examined the relative associations of individual, release, and post-transition characteristics (i.e., family/household composition and main activity) with social support. Models explained up to 23% of the variance in social support. Lower social support was associated with being: male, older, of noncommissioned rank at release, and released involuntarily (p ≤ .05). Family/household composition, most notably living with a partner, was also associated with greater social support, especially among Veterans who were not in the workforce. Veterans’ main activity in the last year explained the most variance in social support, with a strong association noted for satisfaction with one’s main activity (p ≤ .001). Social support is an important and modifiable factor in the transition to civilian life. Results point to specific subgroups who may be at risk for low social support after military service. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/21635781.2021.2007182 .
{"title":"Identifying Key Correlates of Social Well-Being among Canadian Armed Forces Veterans: An Analysis of the 2016 Life after Service Study","authors":"Jennifer Born, Jennifer E. C. Lee, M. MacLean, J. Sweet, L. van Til","doi":"10.1080/21635781.2021.2007182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21635781.2021.2007182","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Many Veterans experience disruptions to their social connections during military to civilian transition. As low social support has been associated with difficulties adjusting to civilian life, there is value in better understanding social support in Veteran populations. The purpose of this study was to identify correlates of social support among recent Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) Veterans. Data were collected as part of the 2016 Life After Service Survey, which was administered to a sample of CAF Regular Force Veterans. This study focuses on more recently released Veterans, 5 years prior to the survey (n = 1,723) to better reflect the impact of transitioning to civilian life. Social support was measured using the 10-item Social Provision Scale. Regression models examined the relative associations of individual, release, and post-transition characteristics (i.e., family/household composition and main activity) with social support. Models explained up to 23% of the variance in social support. Lower social support was associated with being: male, older, of noncommissioned rank at release, and released involuntarily (p ≤ .05). Family/household composition, most notably living with a partner, was also associated with greater social support, especially among Veterans who were not in the workforce. Veterans’ main activity in the last year explained the most variance in social support, with a strong association noted for satisfaction with one’s main activity (p ≤ .001). Social support is an important and modifiable factor in the transition to civilian life. Results point to specific subgroups who may be at risk for low social support after military service. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/21635781.2021.2007182 .","PeriodicalId":37012,"journal":{"name":"Military Behavioral Health","volume":"10 1","pages":"49 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45284572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-22DOI: 10.1080/21635781.2022.2040660
N. Agah
Abstract Transiting from deployment to live at home can have a profound influence on the psychological health of soldiers with regard to the occurrence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). However, the level of social support received from family and friends upon returning can help moderate the strength of this relationship. Little is known about these concepts within the Ghanaian context; therefore, the present study assessed the relationship between post-deployment difficulties and the occurrence of PTSD symptoms among married Ghanaian army soldiers at home as well as the moderating role of social support. 92 army personnel in the Ghana Armed Forces were purposively sampled to participate in the study. A quantitative research design was employed and survey questionnaires were used to collect data. Primary analysis of data was done using hierarchical multiple regression. Findings from the study indicate that military post-deployment difficulties in Ghana have a positive correlation with personnel’s PTSD symptoms. In addition, social support received from family and friends upon returning from deployment did not moderate the relationship between post-deployment difficulties and military personnel’s experience of PTSD symptoms. The need to adopt and/or develop transition programs in Ghana should be considered in managing their experience of PTSD symptoms during post-deployment.
{"title":"Post-Deployment Difficulties and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Symptoms among Married Ghanaian Army Personnel. The Moderating Role of Post-Deployment Social Support","authors":"N. Agah","doi":"10.1080/21635781.2022.2040660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21635781.2022.2040660","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Transiting from deployment to live at home can have a profound influence on the psychological health of soldiers with regard to the occurrence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). However, the level of social support received from family and friends upon returning can help moderate the strength of this relationship. Little is known about these concepts within the Ghanaian context; therefore, the present study assessed the relationship between post-deployment difficulties and the occurrence of PTSD symptoms among married Ghanaian army soldiers at home as well as the moderating role of social support. 92 army personnel in the Ghana Armed Forces were purposively sampled to participate in the study. A quantitative research design was employed and survey questionnaires were used to collect data. Primary analysis of data was done using hierarchical multiple regression. Findings from the study indicate that military post-deployment difficulties in Ghana have a positive correlation with personnel’s PTSD symptoms. In addition, social support received from family and friends upon returning from deployment did not moderate the relationship between post-deployment difficulties and military personnel’s experience of PTSD symptoms. The need to adopt and/or develop transition programs in Ghana should be considered in managing their experience of PTSD symptoms during post-deployment.","PeriodicalId":37012,"journal":{"name":"Military Behavioral Health","volume":"10 1","pages":"389 - 396"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45508211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-03DOI: 10.1080/21635781.2021.2006833
Shannon Gottschall, I. Richer
Abstract Despite efforts over past years to reduce barriers to seeking military mental health care and supports, there are still service members who do not access care due to perceived barriers. This study aimed to increase understanding of the different types of barriers across groups defined by gender and mental health symptomatology. Multivariable logistic regressions examined perceived unmet needs and barriers to care in a representative sample of actively serving Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) members who completed the Health and Lifestyle Information Survey (HLIS) 2013/2014. The most commonly reported barriers were attitudinal barriers reflecting stigma and negative attitudes toward treatment. Results indicated that women were more likely to report accessibility barriers (e.g., scheduling, childcare issues) than men. Differences were also observed across members suffering from different mental health symptoms. For example, members who reported post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms were less likely to report attitudinal barriers compared to members without probable PTSD. Additionally, education and base size were associated with perceived barriers. These results suggest that tailored policies and strategies may help to increase access and mitigate barriers to mental health care based on gender and the type of mental health issue experienced by military personnel.
{"title":"Exploring Gender and Symptom Differences in Perceived Barriers to Mental Health Care among Actively Serving Military Personnel","authors":"Shannon Gottschall, I. Richer","doi":"10.1080/21635781.2021.2006833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21635781.2021.2006833","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Despite efforts over past years to reduce barriers to seeking military mental health care and supports, there are still service members who do not access care due to perceived barriers. This study aimed to increase understanding of the different types of barriers across groups defined by gender and mental health symptomatology. Multivariable logistic regressions examined perceived unmet needs and barriers to care in a representative sample of actively serving Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) members who completed the Health and Lifestyle Information Survey (HLIS) 2013/2014. The most commonly reported barriers were attitudinal barriers reflecting stigma and negative attitudes toward treatment. Results indicated that women were more likely to report accessibility barriers (e.g., scheduling, childcare issues) than men. Differences were also observed across members suffering from different mental health symptoms. For example, members who reported post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms were less likely to report attitudinal barriers compared to members without probable PTSD. Additionally, education and base size were associated with perceived barriers. These results suggest that tailored policies and strategies may help to increase access and mitigate barriers to mental health care based on gender and the type of mental health issue experienced by military personnel.","PeriodicalId":37012,"journal":{"name":"Military Behavioral Health","volume":"10 1","pages":"301 - 310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49465788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-27DOI: 10.1080/21635781.2022.2029636
Tara Austin, Randall E. Rogers, C. Hodges, Courtney Kominek, Nicholas C. Madaffer, Jerry Miller, C. Shigaki
Abstract Chronic pain is a leading cause of lost productivity, disability payments, and health care utilization among the Veteran population. As such, there is interest in chronic pain treatments that address not only physical functioning and pain, but also psychological functioning and pain-related beliefs. One such treatment that has been explored is multidisciplinary team treatments. This pilot study aimed to determine whether a multidisciplinary treatment program for chronic pain would be effective in a sample of primarily rural-based Veterans. Seventy Veterans completed multidisciplinary chronic pain treatment, which consisted of 3–5 hours of pain related services per week for twelve weeks with providers from seven different disciplines. Veterans took standardized pre- and post-test measures of functioning, pain, pain-related beliefs, and mood. The program was highly acceptable and feasible to both Veterans and medical providers. Participants reported statistically significant improvements in average pain level following the intervention and improvements in pain related beliefs, pain-related catastrophizing, pain-related self-efficacy, mood symptoms and increased activity engagement. The program was highly acceptable to participants and feasible to a rural VA medical center, as evidenced by high completion rates. Future research is needed for cost-benefit analysis of the multidisciplinary program compared to less time-intensive pain related services (e.g. CBT-CP), post-intervention pain-related health care utilization, and the role of pain-related beliefs in treatment outcomes.
{"title":"Preliminary Outcomes from an Intensive Multidisciplinary Pain Program in a Veteran’s Administration Hospital: A Pilot Study","authors":"Tara Austin, Randall E. Rogers, C. Hodges, Courtney Kominek, Nicholas C. Madaffer, Jerry Miller, C. Shigaki","doi":"10.1080/21635781.2022.2029636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21635781.2022.2029636","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Chronic pain is a leading cause of lost productivity, disability payments, and health care utilization among the Veteran population. As such, there is interest in chronic pain treatments that address not only physical functioning and pain, but also psychological functioning and pain-related beliefs. One such treatment that has been explored is multidisciplinary team treatments. This pilot study aimed to determine whether a multidisciplinary treatment program for chronic pain would be effective in a sample of primarily rural-based Veterans. Seventy Veterans completed multidisciplinary chronic pain treatment, which consisted of 3–5 hours of pain related services per week for twelve weeks with providers from seven different disciplines. Veterans took standardized pre- and post-test measures of functioning, pain, pain-related beliefs, and mood. The program was highly acceptable and feasible to both Veterans and medical providers. Participants reported statistically significant improvements in average pain level following the intervention and improvements in pain related beliefs, pain-related catastrophizing, pain-related self-efficacy, mood symptoms and increased activity engagement. The program was highly acceptable to participants and feasible to a rural VA medical center, as evidenced by high completion rates. Future research is needed for cost-benefit analysis of the multidisciplinary program compared to less time-intensive pain related services (e.g. CBT-CP), post-intervention pain-related health care utilization, and the role of pain-related beliefs in treatment outcomes.","PeriodicalId":37012,"journal":{"name":"Military Behavioral Health","volume":"10 1","pages":"379 - 388"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43462779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-25DOI: 10.1080/21635781.2021.2007187
Jennifer E. C. Lee, James M. Thompson, A. Skomorovsky, Sanela Dursun
Abstract A self-assessment tool was developed to encourage releasing service members to reflect on their preparedness for military to civilian transition and need for assistance. The aim of this paper was to examine its validity among recently released Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) members using data from the Canadian Armed Forces Transition and Well-Being Survey (CAFTWS). The survey was administered in 2017 to a total of 1,414 CAF Veterans (former CAF members), representing a response rate of 75%. The validity of the self-assessment tool was confirmed, as shown by the significant correlations between each of its indicators and variables corresponding to six domains of well-being: employment or other meaningful activity, finances, health, life skills and preparedness, social integration, and housing/physical environment. The potential utility of the self-assessment tool for assessing military to civilian transition outcomes was also supported by its significant associations with difficult adjustment to civilian life in the manner expected. The current study provides further evidence for the validity of the self-assessment tool for identifying needs for assistance that Veterans may have during military to civilian transition. The tool holds promise for encouraging transitioning members and families to seek assistance and should be considered as a complement to active screening.
{"title":"Validation of a Self-Assessment Tool for Identifying Need for Assistance in Military to Civilian Transition","authors":"Jennifer E. C. Lee, James M. Thompson, A. Skomorovsky, Sanela Dursun","doi":"10.1080/21635781.2021.2007187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21635781.2021.2007187","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A self-assessment tool was developed to encourage releasing service members to reflect on their preparedness for military to civilian transition and need for assistance. The aim of this paper was to examine its validity among recently released Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) members using data from the Canadian Armed Forces Transition and Well-Being Survey (CAFTWS). The survey was administered in 2017 to a total of 1,414 CAF Veterans (former CAF members), representing a response rate of 75%. The validity of the self-assessment tool was confirmed, as shown by the significant correlations between each of its indicators and variables corresponding to six domains of well-being: employment or other meaningful activity, finances, health, life skills and preparedness, social integration, and housing/physical environment. The potential utility of the self-assessment tool for assessing military to civilian transition outcomes was also supported by its significant associations with difficult adjustment to civilian life in the manner expected. The current study provides further evidence for the validity of the self-assessment tool for identifying needs for assistance that Veterans may have during military to civilian transition. The tool holds promise for encouraging transitioning members and families to seek assistance and should be considered as a complement to active screening.","PeriodicalId":37012,"journal":{"name":"Military Behavioral Health","volume":"10 1","pages":"3 - 16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47971019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-25DOI: 10.1080/21635781.2021.2007188
J. Coulthard, Jennifer E. C. Lee
In this special issue, we present a series of articles that highlight original Canadian-based research findings on military-to-civilian transition and well-being. Each of these tackle a targeted focus area that tells one part of the story; together, the articles offer a comprehensive overview of some of the key developments and contributions being made within this critical area of research. We know that careful and deliberate planning for the transition from military to civilian life can greatly contribute to enhanced preparedness and a more positive post-service adjustment for Veterans. Yet, there remains a need for further empirical investigation into which tools would be most effective in improving outcomes for serving members transitioning out of service and for Veterans. As part of the effort to address this gap, this special issue contains articles that explore two different types of transition tools: one, a self-assessment instrument and, the other, a risk screener. In the first article in this series, Lee and colleagues build on an earlier development of a self-assessment well-being tool that was designed to encourage releasing service members to reflect on their preparedness for military-to-civilian transition. Using data from the Canadian Armed Forces Transition and Well-Being Survey (CAFTWS), the validity of the self-assessment tool was confirmed, as shown by its significant associations with multiple domains of well-being. Their study provides empirical evidence that the tool holds promise as a complement to active risk screening for encouraging transitioning members and families to seek assistance. Next, Van Til and colleagues describe the development of a brief standardized screening tool that aims to identify those at potential risk for difficult adjustment to civilian life and frailty. As this standardized tool is currently being used to screen Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) Veterans for potential vulnerabilities in order to determine the most appropriate level of care, their analysis has significant implications for future applications of risk screening and the subsequent provision of services and benefits. The next two articles in the series then shift the focus toward a more directed study of a sub-population that we recognize may be particularly vulnerable to experiencing difficult post-service adjustment to civilian life: service members and Veterans who are undergoing, or have experienced, a medical release from the military. In a qualitative study, Williams and colleagues explore the stressors and challenges experienced both during and after medical release from the CAF. Their findings reveal uncertainty is a driving stressor at the time of release, while feelings of loss, injury management, and lack of purpose become more prominent as time moves on. Their study helps us to gain a more nuanced understanding of the experiences of ill and/or injured service members and Veterans, specifically throughout the transition period. Als
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