{"title":"Janka Kascakova and David Levente Palatinus (eds), J.R.R. Tolkien in Central Europe: Contexts, Directions, and the Legacy","authors":"Łukasz Neubauer","doi":"10.3366/ink.2024.0219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/ink.2024.0219","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37069,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Inklings Studies","volume":"253 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140762473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In John D. Rateliff’s study ‘The Missing Women: J.R.R. Tolkien’s Lifelong Support for Women’s Higher Education’, Tolkien’s support of women is unfavourably contrasted with the supposedly dismissive attitude of C.S. Lewis. Rateliff offers three pieces of evidence in support of his argument that Lewis held a contemptuous attitude towards female research students in particular: a private letter by Lewis written in mock late-medieval English; Lewis’s comments about Damaris Tighe, the heroine in Charles Williams’s novel The Place of the Lion; and the character Jane Studdock in Lewis’s own novel That Hideous Strength. This paper argues that Rateliff’s evidence is not only limited but selective and misunderstood. What Lewis rebukes is academic complacency and vanity, not female researchers, many of whom Lewis respected and even befriended. The principle of biographical verification (grounding biographical speculations in biographical rather than imaginative literature) seriously complicates Rateliff’s argument.
约翰-D-拉特利夫（John D. Rateliff）的研究报告《缺失的女性》（The Missing Women：J.R.R.托尔金对女性高等教育的终生支持 "中，托尔金对女性的支持与 C.S. 刘易斯所谓的轻蔑态度形成了不利的对比。拉特利夫提供了三个证据来支持他的论点，即刘易斯尤其对女研究生持蔑视态度：刘易斯用模拟的中世纪晚期英语写的一封私人信件；刘易斯对查尔斯-威廉姆斯（Charles Williams）的小说《狮子之地》（The Place of the Lion）中的女主人公达玛丽斯-蒂格（Damaris Tighe）的评价；以及刘易斯自己的小说《可怕的力量》（That Hideous Strength）中的人物简-斯塔多克（Jane Studdock）。本文认为，拉特利夫的证据不仅有限，而且有选择性和误解。刘易斯斥责的是学术界的自满和虚荣，而不是女性研究者，刘易斯尊重甚至结交了许多女性研究者。传记验证原则（将传记推测建立在传记文学而非想象文学的基础上）使拉特利夫的论点严重复杂化。
{"title":"C.S. Lewis on Female Scholars: A Reply to John D. Rateliff","authors":"Jason Lepojärvi","doi":"10.3366/ink.2024.0217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/ink.2024.0217","url":null,"abstract":"In John D. Rateliff’s study ‘The Missing Women: J.R.R. Tolkien’s Lifelong Support for Women’s Higher Education’, Tolkien’s support of women is unfavourably contrasted with the supposedly dismissive attitude of C.S. Lewis. Rateliff offers three pieces of evidence in support of his argument that Lewis held a contemptuous attitude towards female research students in particular: a private letter by Lewis written in mock late-medieval English; Lewis’s comments about Damaris Tighe, the heroine in Charles Williams’s novel The Place of the Lion; and the character Jane Studdock in Lewis’s own novel That Hideous Strength. This paper argues that Rateliff’s evidence is not only limited but selective and misunderstood. What Lewis rebukes is academic complacency and vanity, not female researchers, many of whom Lewis respected and even befriended. The principle of biographical verification (grounding biographical speculations in biographical rather than imaginative literature) seriously complicates Rateliff’s argument.","PeriodicalId":37069,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Inklings Studies","volume":"95 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140777090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Richard Ovenden and Catherine McIlwaine (eds), The Great Tales Never End: Essays in Memory of Christopher Tolkien","authors":"Giuseppe Pezzini","doi":"10.3366/ink.2024.0224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/ink.2024.0224","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37069,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Inklings Studies","volume":"433 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140780450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"K. Alan Snyder and Jamin Metcalf, Many Times and Many Places: C.S. Lewis and the Value of History","authors":"Philip Irving Mitchell","doi":"10.3366/ink.2024.0226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/ink.2024.0226","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37069,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Inklings Studies","volume":"44 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140768996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As the title of this edition indicates, it provides a critical apparatus for a holistic understanding of this alliterative epistolary poem by C.S. Lewis, which has never appeared in print before. With this in mind, all points requiring clarification are addressed: a description and history of the manuscript, Lewis's relationship with the addressee, the dating of the work, the Old English phrases and connection to Beowulf, and the poem's alliterative nature. It is the editor's hope that the edition provides a solid foundation for all further work on ‘Mód Þrýþe Ne Wæg', a poem which highlights once more that Lewis the scholar and Lewis the author often operated under the same guise.
正如该版本的标题所示，它为全面理解 C.S. 刘易斯创作的这首以前从未印刷过的押韵书信体诗歌提供了一个批判性的工具。考虑到这一点，书中涉及了所有需要澄清的问题：手稿的描述和历史、刘易斯与收信人的关系、作品的年代、古英语短语和与《贝奥武夫》的联系，以及这首诗的拟声性质。编者希望该版本能为所有关于《Mód Þrýþe Ne Wæg》的进一步研究奠定坚实的基础，这首诗再次凸显了学者刘易斯和作者刘易斯经常以同样的面目出现。
{"title":"The Unpublished ‘Mód Þrýþe Ne Wæg’ by C.S. Lewis: A Critical Edition","authors":"Andoni Cossio","doi":"10.3366/ink.2024.0216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/ink.2024.0216","url":null,"abstract":"As the title of this edition indicates, it provides a critical apparatus for a holistic understanding of this alliterative epistolary poem by C.S. Lewis, which has never appeared in print before. With this in mind, all points requiring clarification are addressed: a description and history of the manuscript, Lewis's relationship with the addressee, the dating of the work, the Old English phrases and connection to Beowulf, and the poem's alliterative nature. It is the editor's hope that the edition provides a solid foundation for all further work on ‘Mód Þrýþe Ne Wæg', a poem which highlights once more that Lewis the scholar and Lewis the author often operated under the same guise.","PeriodicalId":37069,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Inklings Studies","volume":"205 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140779937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In C.S. Lewis’s novel Till We Have Faces, philosophy appears not merely as an academic subject but a distinctive way of life and paideia for the formation of the soul. We see this model of philosophy in the figure of the Fox, who practises Stoicism and instructs the three sisters – Orual, Redival, and Psyche – in its way. Lewis’s novel shows the Stoic care of the soul to be insufficient for the task set to Orual by the god – that she shall become Psyche – and gestures instead toward Platonism as offering a better model of paideia and a truer conception of the soul, both its desires and its ultimate destiny of union with the Divine. In the end, however, Orual’s encounter with the Divine also points beyond Platonism, anticipating a Christian conception of divine love and grace.
{"title":"Becoming Psyche: The Stoic Way and the Platonic Way in Till We Have Faces","authors":"Brian Gregor","doi":"10.3366/ink.2024.0213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/ink.2024.0213","url":null,"abstract":"In C.S. Lewis’s novel Till We Have Faces, philosophy appears not merely as an academic subject but a distinctive way of life and paideia for the formation of the soul. We see this model of philosophy in the figure of the Fox, who practises Stoicism and instructs the three sisters – Orual, Redival, and Psyche – in its way. Lewis’s novel shows the Stoic care of the soul to be insufficient for the task set to Orual by the god – that she shall become Psyche – and gestures instead toward Platonism as offering a better model of paideia and a truer conception of the soul, both its desires and its ultimate destiny of union with the Divine. In the end, however, Orual’s encounter with the Divine also points beyond Platonism, anticipating a Christian conception of divine love and grace.","PeriodicalId":37069,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Inklings Studies","volume":"46 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140796378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"David J. Kendall, The Music of the Spheres in the Western Imagination","authors":"Sarah Moerman","doi":"10.3366/ink.2024.0220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/ink.2024.0220","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37069,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Inklings Studies","volume":"263 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140782927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Towards the end of The Horse and His Boy, as Shasta wanders blindly into Narnia, he unknowingly encounters Aslan, who explains to him the various ways that Aslan has watched over him dating back even to the boy’s infancy. It is a beautiful account of Aslan’s care for Shasta. If one were to focus exclusively on this passage, however, one might conclude that Narnian providence is merely a matter of external divine intervention and that creaturely agency plays little role in the way Aslan governs Narnia. An analysis of some of Lewis’s non-fictional writings in conversation with Thomas Aquinas uncovers a more subtle understanding of providence. For Lewis, as for Aquinas, providence incorporates the acts of free agents without compromising their integrity. Virtuous, indifferent, and even vicious acts all contribute in some way to God’s plan for the universe. The same can be said for Narnia, as one can see through representative examples from The Silver Chair, The Horse and His Boy, and The Magician’s Nephew. In these stories Lewis illustrates, to paraphrase his own words about Oedipus Rex, ‘how providence and free will can be combined, even how free will is the modus operandi of providence’.
{"title":"‘He seems to be at the back of all the stories’: The Subtlety of Narnian Providence","authors":"Isaac Augustine Morales, OP","doi":"10.3366/ink.2024.0214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/ink.2024.0214","url":null,"abstract":"Towards the end of The Horse and His Boy, as Shasta wanders blindly into Narnia, he unknowingly encounters Aslan, who explains to him the various ways that Aslan has watched over him dating back even to the boy’s infancy. It is a beautiful account of Aslan’s care for Shasta. If one were to focus exclusively on this passage, however, one might conclude that Narnian providence is merely a matter of external divine intervention and that creaturely agency plays little role in the way Aslan governs Narnia. An analysis of some of Lewis’s non-fictional writings in conversation with Thomas Aquinas uncovers a more subtle understanding of providence. For Lewis, as for Aquinas, providence incorporates the acts of free agents without compromising their integrity. Virtuous, indifferent, and even vicious acts all contribute in some way to God’s plan for the universe. The same can be said for Narnia, as one can see through representative examples from The Silver Chair, The Horse and His Boy, and The Magician’s Nephew. In these stories Lewis illustrates, to paraphrase his own words about Oedipus Rex, ‘how providence and free will can be combined, even how free will is the modus operandi of providence’.","PeriodicalId":37069,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Inklings Studies","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140765897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hamish Williams, J.R.R. Tolkien’s Utopianism and the Classics","authors":"Elena Sofia Capra","doi":"10.3366/ink.2024.0227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/ink.2024.0227","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37069,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Inklings Studies","volume":"988 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140774771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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