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A Study on the Significance and Value of HongQiao Xiuxi held by Kong Shangren Focusing on the succession of HongQiao Xiuxi and the expansion of the Xiuxi culture 孔尚仁弘桥修习的意义与价值研究以弘桥修习的传承与修习文化的拓展为重点
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-04-30 DOI: 10.35955/jch.2023.04.83.213
Dong-hoon Lee
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引用次数: 0
A Political Time Rewritten: Revisiting the Founding Year of the Khitan Empire 一个被改写的政治时代:契丹帝国建国年重访
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.1163/23521341-12340143
Runbo Miao (苗潤博)
Materials dating from the Liao dynasty usually record the founding year of the Khitan Empire as 907; this was done deliberately, rather than it being caused by the negligence of historians. The official history records of the Khitan Empire contain two completely different narratives of the founding year: the account of “Junji Taiyi deity Repeatedly Appearing” from the “Biography of Taizu” in Liaoshi reflects the original appearance of the history of the empire foundation period in the first year of the Shence era (916). Other records were reworded by later historians, which caused the contents of these originally clear records to become completely blurred and concealed. This rewriting process may have been completed in the thirteenth year of the Zhongxi era (1044) during Emperor Xingzong’s reign; the records advance Emperor Taizu’s rise to the throne to the year that the Tang dynasty was destroyed. That year was essential in reconstructing the founding history of the Khitan Empire and a narrative showed a strong tendency to orthodoxy in the late Liao dynasty. This article offers further reflection on the portrayal of a political epoch in historical records from a dynamic and productive angle.
辽代的资料通常将契丹帝国的建立年份记录为907年;这是故意的,而不是历史学家的疏忽造成的。契丹帝国的正史记载中有两种完全不同的建国年份叙述:辽史《太祖传》中“君基太一神连连现身”的记载,反映的是神元年(916年)帝国建国时期历史的原貌。其他记录被后来的历史学家改写,导致这些原本清晰的记录内容变得完全模糊和隐藏。这一改写过程可能在中行宗十三年(1044年)完成;这些记录将太祖登基的时间提前到了唐朝灭亡的那一年。这一年是重构契丹帝国建国史的关键一年,辽代末年的叙事呈现出强烈的正统化倾向。本文从动态的、生产性的角度对史书中对一个政治时代的刻画进行了进一步的思考。
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引用次数: 0
A New Study of the Title of the Reigning Dynasty during the Pre-Qing Period 前清时期王朝称谓问题新探
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.1163/23521341-12340146
Zhengheng Lu (盧正恒), Yinong Huang (黃一農)
What was the title of the reigning dynasty from the time when Nurhachi assumed the title of “khan” to the time when Hong Taiji declared himself emperor? There remains controversy among scholars as to whether the title “Jin” 金 or “Later Jin” 後金 was used, or if both were in use during different periods. Based on voluminous historical sources dating to the pre-Qing period, which have been published and even digitized in recent years, in addition to conducting the first comprehensive search of relevant Manchu and Chinese sources as well as artifacts, the authors have confirmed that there is no conclusive evidence proving that “Later Jin” was once used as the title of the reigning dynasty. Based on over a hundred instances of official usage of the title “Jin,” the authors have also concluded that the title of the reigning dynasty remained “Jin” during the entire pre-Qing period and that “Tianming” (Mandate of Heaven) was not the title of an emperor’s reign.
从努尔哈赤称王为“可汗”到洪太极称帝,统治王朝的国号是什么?学者们对于“晋”字是“后晋”字还是“后晋”字存在争议,或者两者在不同时期同时使用。根据近年来出版甚至数字化的大量前清历史资料,以及对相关满汉资料和文物的首次全面检索,作者确认没有确凿的证据证明“后金”曾被用作统治王朝的国号。根据一百多个官方使用“晋”的例子,作者还得出结论,在整个前清时期,统治王朝的国号仍然是“晋”,而“天明”(天命)不是皇帝统治的头衔。
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引用次数: 0
The Founding Year of the Khitan Dynasty: A Textual Investigation Based on Primary Sources 契丹王朝建国年:基于一手资料的考证
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.1163/23521341-12340142
Pujiang Liu (劉浦江)
This article is an investigation into the founding of the Khitan empire based on a diverse collection of historical documents from both the Northern and Central Plains regions. These sources include the official history of the Liao dynasty, Liaoshi, written during the year of dynasty’s foundation in 907, the Qidan guo zhi from 916, as well as a variety of documents ranging from as early as the late 8th century to the mid 10th century. Some historians go as far as to say that Yelü Abaoji, who ruled the Liao dynasty from 907–926, never assumed the title of emperor. Although today’s scholarship on the Liao dynasty tends to fundamentally agree that Yelü Abaoji, who is known in history books as Taizu, the first emperor of the Liao dynasty, officially proclaimed the founding of the dynasty with himself as emperor in the first year of Shence in 916, no one has yet undertaken a proper investigation as to the details of the historical source material which has led to this assumption. This article is based on primary source research and investigates these critical pieces of historical evidence surrounding the founding of the Liao dynasty to better clarify events surrounding this major historical moment.
本文是在搜集了大量来自北方和中原地区的历史文献的基础上,对契丹帝国的建立进行调查。这些资料来源包括辽朝的官方历史,辽史,写于907年的王朝建立,契丹国志,从916年,以及各种各样的文件,从早在8世纪晚期到10世纪中期。一些历史学家甚至说Yelü阿保基,从907年到926年统治辽朝,从来没有被封为皇帝。虽然今天关于辽王朝的学者倾向于从根本上同意Yelü阿保基,在历史书中被称为太祖,辽王朝的第一个皇帝,在916年神元年正式宣布建立王朝,但还没有人对导致这一假设的历史来源材料的细节进行适当的调查。本文以原始资料研究为基础,对围绕辽朝建立的这些重要历史证据进行了调查,以更好地阐明围绕这一重大历史时刻的事件。
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引用次数: 0
On the Issue of Determining the Founding Year of the “Great Mongol Nation” 关于确定“大蒙古民族”建国年份的问题
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.1163/23521341-12340145
Xiaowei Chen (陳曉偉)
The exact date of creation of the “Great Mongolian Nation” has long been a controversial topic. This article will point out that, according to the history of Mongolia and the Yuan dynasty as described in The History of the Buddha, the name “Great Mongol Nation” was first used in the Xinwei year. Since the source of the historical materials used to compile the Fozu lidai tongzai most likely were related to manuscripts used in the compilation and revision of Taizu shilu earlier in the Yuan dynasty, this should be a fairly trustworthy source. It is therefore possible to infer that Genghis Khan coined the term “Yeke Mongγol Ulus” (i.e., Great Mongol Nation) in 1211. As this was also the year that the Mongols began their war with the Jin dynasty, the creation of the “Great Mongol Nation” was a political move closely related to then ongoing matters of now historical significance and – in terms of the eventual establishment of the Yuan dynasty by the Mongolians – it had both far-reaching political impact and important strategic significance.
“大蒙古民族”建立的确切日期一直是一个有争议的话题。本文将指出,根据《佛史》中所记载的蒙古和元朝的历史,“大蒙古”的名称最早是在信威年使用的。由于《佛祖立代通载》的史料来源很可能与元代早期《太祖史录》的编修手稿有关,因此这应该是一个相当可信的资料来源。因此,可以推断成吉思汗在1211年创造了“Yeke Mongγol Ulus”(即大蒙古国)一词。由于这一年也是蒙古人开始与金朝开战的一年,“大蒙古国”的建立是一个与当时正在进行的具有历史意义的事件密切相关的政治举动,就蒙古人最终建立元朝而言,它既有深远的政治影响,也有重要的战略意义。
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引用次数: 0
Front matter 前页
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.1163/23521341-00901000
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引用次数: 0
Aristocratic Families in the Jianghuai Region during the Tang-Song Interregnum 唐宋年间江淮地区的贵族家庭
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.1163/23521341-12340147
Pak-sheung Ng
With an emphasis on the Jianghuai region, this article aims to study the activities of aristocratic families during the Tang-Song Interregnum. Some aristocratic families managed to survive but were no longer in a position to carry out the cultural functions they had performed during the Tang dynasty. Based on the discussions undertaken by the article, aristocratic families played no evident role in political and cultural domains during the reign of Yang Wu and the Southern Tang. As such, total disappearance of the political and cultural capabilities of this privileged class in the Jianghuai region may have already taken place prior to the founding of the Southern Tang.
本文以江淮地区为研究对象,研究唐宋年间贵族家庭的活动。一些贵族家庭设法生存下来,但不再有能力履行他们在唐代所发挥的文化功能。根据本文的论述,杨武南唐时期,贵族家庭在政治和文化领域的作用并不明显。因此,江淮地区特权阶层的政治和文化能力可能在南唐建立之前就已经完全消失了。
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引用次数: 0
Introduction: Founding Histories of China’s Northern Kingdoms 导论:中国北方王国的建国史
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.1163/23521341-12340141
Runbo Miao (苗潤博)
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引用次数: 0
On Revision and Reconstruction: A Discussion about the Founding Year of the Jin Dynasty and Related Questions 论修正与重建:金朝立年及相关问题探讨
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.1163/23521341-12340144
According to records in the Jinshi, Wanyan Aguda established the Jin dynasty and proclaimed himself emperor in the year 1115. He selected the dynastic name Da Jin and the era name Shouguo. Liu Pujiang’s publications, however, have raised serious doubts about the Jinshi version of the Jin dynasty’s founding narrative and sparked a scholarly debate on the matter. On the basis of Liu Pujiang’s research and by careful analysis of records on the founding of the Jin state in Song and Yuan dynasties documents and stone inscriptions, this article manages to restore a rough picture of the real history of the early Jin. On advice by his counsellor Yang Pu, Aguda established the Jin dynasty and declared himself emperor in the seventh year (1117) of the Tianqing period of the Liao. He proclaimed the dynastic name Da Jin and the era name Tianfu. The founding history of the Jin dynasty as described in the Jinshi should be considered the product of historical revision that occurred during the rewriting process of the Taizu shilu. The era name Shouguo was only created retrospectively.
据《进士》记载,完颜阿骨打于1115年建立金朝,称帝。他选择了年号大金,年号守国。然而,刘浦江的著作对晋世版的晋朝建国叙事提出了严重质疑,并引发了一场关于此事的学术辩论。本文在刘浦江研究的基础上,通过对宋元文献和石刻记载的认真分析,还原了一幅真实的早期金国历史的大致图景。在谋士杨溥的建议下,阿鼓达建立了金朝,并于辽天庆七年(1117年)称帝。他宣布国号大金,年号天府。《进士》中所描述的金朝开国史,应该被认为是《太祖史录》改写过程中发生的历史修正的产物。寿国这个年号只是回顾性的。
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引用次数: 0
Just Hierarchy: Why Social Hierarchies Matter in China and the Rest of the World, written by Daniel Bell and Wang Pei 《只是等级制度:为什么社会等级制度在中国和世界其他地方很重要》,作者:丹尼尔·贝尔和王培
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.1163/23521341-12340148
Shanruo Zhang (張善若)
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Journal of Chinese Humanities
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