Pub Date : 2022-06-21DOI: 10.1080/26395916.2022.2085807
A. Filyushkina, Hyeonju Ryu, A. Kadykalo, R. Murali, C. S. Campagne, C. Washbourne, S. Peter, Nada Saidi, Thuan Sarzynski, Paola Fontanella Pisa, Giovanni Ávila-Flores, Taha Amiar
ABSTRACT Effective knowledge exchange at science-policy interfaces (SPIs) can foster evidence-informed policy-making through the integration of a wide range of knowledge inputs. This is especially crucial for conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and ecosystem services (ES), human well-being and sustainable development. Early-career researchers (ECRs) can contribute significantly to knowledge exchange at SPIs. Recognizing that, several capacity building programs focused on sustainability have been introduced recently. However, little is known about the experiences and perceptions of ECRs in relation to SPIs. Our study focused on SPI engagement of ECRs who conduct research on biodiversity and ES, as perceived and experienced. Specifically, we addressed ‘motivations’, ‘barriers’ and ‘opportunities and ‘benefits’. A total of 145 ECRs have completed the survey. Our results showed that ECRs were generally interested to engage in SPIs and believed it to be beneficial in terms of contributing to societal change, understanding policy processes and career development. Respondents perceived lack of understanding about involvement channels, engagement opportunities, funding, training, perceived credibility of ECRs by other actors and encouragement of senior colleagues as barriers to engaging in SPIs. Those who have already participated in SPIs generally saw fewer barriers and more opportunities. A key reason for dissatisfaction with experience in SPIs was a lack of impact and uptake of science-policy outputs by policymakers – an issue that likely extends beyond ECRs and implies the need for transformations in knowledge exchange within SPIs. In conclusion, based on insights from our survey, we outline several opportunities for increased and better facilitation of ECR engagement in SPIs.
{"title":"Engaging at the science-policy interface as an early-career researcher: experiences and perceptions in biodiversity and ecosystem services research","authors":"A. Filyushkina, Hyeonju Ryu, A. Kadykalo, R. Murali, C. S. Campagne, C. Washbourne, S. Peter, Nada Saidi, Thuan Sarzynski, Paola Fontanella Pisa, Giovanni Ávila-Flores, Taha Amiar","doi":"10.1080/26395916.2022.2085807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26395916.2022.2085807","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Effective knowledge exchange at science-policy interfaces (SPIs) can foster evidence-informed policy-making through the integration of a wide range of knowledge inputs. This is especially crucial for conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and ecosystem services (ES), human well-being and sustainable development. Early-career researchers (ECRs) can contribute significantly to knowledge exchange at SPIs. Recognizing that, several capacity building programs focused on sustainability have been introduced recently. However, little is known about the experiences and perceptions of ECRs in relation to SPIs. Our study focused on SPI engagement of ECRs who conduct research on biodiversity and ES, as perceived and experienced. Specifically, we addressed ‘motivations’, ‘barriers’ and ‘opportunities and ‘benefits’. A total of 145 ECRs have completed the survey. Our results showed that ECRs were generally interested to engage in SPIs and believed it to be beneficial in terms of contributing to societal change, understanding policy processes and career development. Respondents perceived lack of understanding about involvement channels, engagement opportunities, funding, training, perceived credibility of ECRs by other actors and encouragement of senior colleagues as barriers to engaging in SPIs. Those who have already participated in SPIs generally saw fewer barriers and more opportunities. A key reason for dissatisfaction with experience in SPIs was a lack of impact and uptake of science-policy outputs by policymakers – an issue that likely extends beyond ECRs and implies the need for transformations in knowledge exchange within SPIs. In conclusion, based on insights from our survey, we outline several opportunities for increased and better facilitation of ECR engagement in SPIs.","PeriodicalId":37104,"journal":{"name":"Ecosystems and People","volume":"18 1","pages":"397 - 409"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42846440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-21DOI: 10.1080/26395916.2022.2083237
Rachael H. Carrie, L. Stringer, Le Thi Van Hue, Nguyen Hong Quang, Dao Van Tan, C. Hackney, P. T. Nga, C. Quinn
ABSTRACT Change in mangrove extent and condition has potential consequences for social disparity in terms of who can adapt to change in ecosystem services and places perceived important for providing them. Participatory GIS can elicit spatial variation in the importance attached to ecosystem service places, but disaggregated research that can reveal difference over the small spatial extents often covered by mangroves is underdeveloped. Using mixed-methods (quantitative, qualitative and spatial) in a rehabilitated mangrove system in Vietnam, this study assesses if and why perspectives about ecosystem services and their providing places vary among households with different capacities to adapt to mangrove change.Three household groups with different adaptive capacities were characterised using quantitative adaptive capacity indicators, demographic and economic data, and trajectory interviews spanning three decades: accumulating, coping and flexible households Coastal protection was identified as beneficial by all, and sediment, habitat provisioning and food services were also frequently associated with mangroves. Only food was identified significantly more or less by different groups. Spatial hotspots generated for each group by quantifying overlap in places perceived important for providing these four services, revealed greatest difference in locations important for food. Interviews indicated change in the characteristics of mangrove localities and different abilities to adapt to them enabled some households to prosper while others struggled. We consider adaptive capacities that helped temper mangrove change, and who might be most impacted by continuing change. We conclude by identifying ways forward for rehabilitation strategies centred on local people’s differential adaptive capacity and multiple ecosystem service needs.
{"title":"Social differences in spatial perspectives about local benefits from rehabilitated mangroves: insights from Vietnam","authors":"Rachael H. Carrie, L. Stringer, Le Thi Van Hue, Nguyen Hong Quang, Dao Van Tan, C. Hackney, P. T. Nga, C. Quinn","doi":"10.1080/26395916.2022.2083237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26395916.2022.2083237","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Change in mangrove extent and condition has potential consequences for social disparity in terms of who can adapt to change in ecosystem services and places perceived important for providing them. Participatory GIS can elicit spatial variation in the importance attached to ecosystem service places, but disaggregated research that can reveal difference over the small spatial extents often covered by mangroves is underdeveloped. Using mixed-methods (quantitative, qualitative and spatial) in a rehabilitated mangrove system in Vietnam, this study assesses if and why perspectives about ecosystem services and their providing places vary among households with different capacities to adapt to mangrove change.Three household groups with different adaptive capacities were characterised using quantitative adaptive capacity indicators, demographic and economic data, and trajectory interviews spanning three decades: accumulating, coping and flexible households Coastal protection was identified as beneficial by all, and sediment, habitat provisioning and food services were also frequently associated with mangroves. Only food was identified significantly more or less by different groups. Spatial hotspots generated for each group by quantifying overlap in places perceived important for providing these four services, revealed greatest difference in locations important for food. Interviews indicated change in the characteristics of mangrove localities and different abilities to adapt to them enabled some households to prosper while others struggled. We consider adaptive capacities that helped temper mangrove change, and who might be most impacted by continuing change. We conclude by identifying ways forward for rehabilitation strategies centred on local people’s differential adaptive capacity and multiple ecosystem service needs.","PeriodicalId":37104,"journal":{"name":"Ecosystems and People","volume":"18 1","pages":"378 - 396"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46385292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-14DOI: 10.1080/26395916.2022.2080766
Jules Pecquet, M. Mouchet, S. Campagne, V. Raybaud, Yoann Baulaz, F. Gevaert, F. Ben Rais Lasram
ABSTRACT Kelp forests, primarily Laminaria digitata, provide a broad range of ecosystem services of high social, economic, and ecological value and are considered one of the most productive ecosystems on the planet. Several studies have shown that kelp ecosystems are regressing in response to multiple stressors, especially climate change, which could lead to local extinctions. This may induce a decrease in the ecosystem services provided. Many studies use ecological niche models (ENM) to project potential future species distributions under climate change scenarios; however, no study has projected the future supply of ecosystem services resulting from shifts in species ranges and changes in biomass. In this study, using French coasts as a case study, we developed a new and reproducible methodological framework that combines ENM and ecosystem services indicators to assess impacts of climate change on ecosystem services supplied by kelp. To this end, we first identified ecosystem services currently provided by kelp and then used ENM to project future kelp distribution from 2041 to 2050 under climate scenarios RCP2.6 and RCP8.5. Finally, by estimating the biomass of kelp, we assessed the current and future ecosystem services provided by kelp.
{"title":"Combining Ecological Niche Models and ecosystem services indicators to assess impacts of climate change on kelp: application to French coasts","authors":"Jules Pecquet, M. Mouchet, S. Campagne, V. Raybaud, Yoann Baulaz, F. Gevaert, F. Ben Rais Lasram","doi":"10.1080/26395916.2022.2080766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26395916.2022.2080766","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Kelp forests, primarily Laminaria digitata, provide a broad range of ecosystem services of high social, economic, and ecological value and are considered one of the most productive ecosystems on the planet. Several studies have shown that kelp ecosystems are regressing in response to multiple stressors, especially climate change, which could lead to local extinctions. This may induce a decrease in the ecosystem services provided. Many studies use ecological niche models (ENM) to project potential future species distributions under climate change scenarios; however, no study has projected the future supply of ecosystem services resulting from shifts in species ranges and changes in biomass. In this study, using French coasts as a case study, we developed a new and reproducible methodological framework that combines ENM and ecosystem services indicators to assess impacts of climate change on ecosystem services supplied by kelp. To this end, we first identified ecosystem services currently provided by kelp and then used ENM to project future kelp distribution from 2041 to 2050 under climate scenarios RCP2.6 and RCP8.5. Finally, by estimating the biomass of kelp, we assessed the current and future ecosystem services provided by kelp.","PeriodicalId":37104,"journal":{"name":"Ecosystems and People","volume":"18 1","pages":"358 - 377"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41674637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-31DOI: 10.1080/26395916.2022.2071342
Jeremiah Chakuya, E. Gandiwa, N. Muboko, V. K. Muposhi, R. Gondo
ABSTRACT The impact of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) farming on the survival of honeybees (Apis mellifera) was investigated through the documentation of mortality of honeybees, the number of trees cut and planted, and agrochemicals used in tobacco farming in Nyamakate Communal Area, Hurungwe District, northern Zimbabwe. The study was conducted in the wet season, i.e. between December 2017 and March 2018 using a stratified random sampling design to sample tobacco farmers and apiculturists. Honeybee mortalities across five sampled villages were significantly different (Kruskal–Wallis χ2 test = 74.54, df = 4, p < 0.05). The survey recorded 14 different agrochemicals that tobacco farmers used in tobacco farming, although the local regulator banned five of them in the 2018 and 2019 agriculture season. All five villages recorded an estimated 5,220 indigenous trees that were cut to cure tobacco whereas 483 Eucalyptus trees were planted as part of ongoing reforestation efforts in the district within the study period. It was concluded that tobacco farming negatively impacts honeybees through reduced forage and nesting sites (resulting from deforestation) and increased mortalities from the use of toxic agro-chemicals. There is a need for legislative alignment to ensure effective law enforcement on compliance. Government and partners need to encourage tobacco farmers to plant fast-growing indigenous trees for afforestation and adopt modern technology such as the use of solar-powered tobacco curing barns.
{"title":"The impact of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) farming on the survival of honeybees (Apis mellifera) in Nyamakate Communal Area, northern Zimbabwe","authors":"Jeremiah Chakuya, E. Gandiwa, N. Muboko, V. K. Muposhi, R. Gondo","doi":"10.1080/26395916.2022.2071342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26395916.2022.2071342","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The impact of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) farming on the survival of honeybees (Apis mellifera) was investigated through the documentation of mortality of honeybees, the number of trees cut and planted, and agrochemicals used in tobacco farming in Nyamakate Communal Area, Hurungwe District, northern Zimbabwe. The study was conducted in the wet season, i.e. between December 2017 and March 2018 using a stratified random sampling design to sample tobacco farmers and apiculturists. Honeybee mortalities across five sampled villages were significantly different (Kruskal–Wallis χ2 test = 74.54, df = 4, p < 0.05). The survey recorded 14 different agrochemicals that tobacco farmers used in tobacco farming, although the local regulator banned five of them in the 2018 and 2019 agriculture season. All five villages recorded an estimated 5,220 indigenous trees that were cut to cure tobacco whereas 483 Eucalyptus trees were planted as part of ongoing reforestation efforts in the district within the study period. It was concluded that tobacco farming negatively impacts honeybees through reduced forage and nesting sites (resulting from deforestation) and increased mortalities from the use of toxic agro-chemicals. There is a need for legislative alignment to ensure effective law enforcement on compliance. Government and partners need to encourage tobacco farmers to plant fast-growing indigenous trees for afforestation and adopt modern technology such as the use of solar-powered tobacco curing barns.","PeriodicalId":37104,"journal":{"name":"Ecosystems and People","volume":"18 1","pages":"348 - 357"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44798916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-18DOI: 10.1080/26395916.2022.2071343
Lucia Bosone, Nadine Chaurand, M. Chevrier
ABSTRACT Even if there is an increasing public awareness of biodiversity loss, there still is the need to improve individuals’ behaviours in favour of biodiversity conservation, such as composting or buying pollinator-friendly plants. Why do individuals who know about the risks of biodiversity loss, not change their lifestyles to promote biodiversity? The main aim of this paper is to empirically identify the psychological barriers to biodiversity conservation behaviours, with a specific attention to individuals’ perception of the psychological distance of biodiversity loss. To this purpose, 270 individuals were asked to complete a questionnaire. Data demonstrated that six main psychological barriers prevent behavioural change, depending on individuals’ perceived psychological distance as well as on the specific features of the behaviour considered. Our findings constitute a significant theoretical complement to previous research on behavioural change to respond to environmental threats, as it specifically investigates the psychological barriers resulting in citizens’ inaction with regard to biodiversity loss. Furthermore, our paper offers advice for policy-makers, deciding bodies, and associations involved in biodiversity conservation on the cognitive barriers that they might be confronted to when addressing citizens and promoting their engagement in individual and collective actions in favour of the environment.
{"title":"To change or not to change? Perceived psychological barriers to individuals’ behavioural changes in favour of biodiversity conservation","authors":"Lucia Bosone, Nadine Chaurand, M. Chevrier","doi":"10.1080/26395916.2022.2071343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26395916.2022.2071343","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Even if there is an increasing public awareness of biodiversity loss, there still is the need to improve individuals’ behaviours in favour of biodiversity conservation, such as composting or buying pollinator-friendly plants. Why do individuals who know about the risks of biodiversity loss, not change their lifestyles to promote biodiversity? The main aim of this paper is to empirically identify the psychological barriers to biodiversity conservation behaviours, with a specific attention to individuals’ perception of the psychological distance of biodiversity loss. To this purpose, 270 individuals were asked to complete a questionnaire. Data demonstrated that six main psychological barriers prevent behavioural change, depending on individuals’ perceived psychological distance as well as on the specific features of the behaviour considered. Our findings constitute a significant theoretical complement to previous research on behavioural change to respond to environmental threats, as it specifically investigates the psychological barriers resulting in citizens’ inaction with regard to biodiversity loss. Furthermore, our paper offers advice for policy-makers, deciding bodies, and associations involved in biodiversity conservation on the cognitive barriers that they might be confronted to when addressing citizens and promoting their engagement in individual and collective actions in favour of the environment.","PeriodicalId":37104,"journal":{"name":"Ecosystems and People","volume":"18 1","pages":"315 - 328"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48712959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-12DOI: 10.1080/26395916.2022.2065361
Thomas M. Schmitt, Rebekka Riebl, B. Martín‐López, Maria Hänsel, T. Koellner
ABSTRACT The agricultural management of grasslands not only is strongly linked to fodder production but also provides other valuable ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration, nutrient regulation, and recreation. Capturing the values that society places on such ecosystem services is a step to provide management recommendations. To elicit the societal value of grasslands and their ecosystem services, it is important to consider multiple dimensions, namely, instrumental, intrinsic, and relational values. We conducted surveys with citizens in 2018 and 2020 in two study areas in Bavaria, Germany: one grassland-dominated and one with mixed agricultural land use. In the surveys, the respondents were invited to map up to seven points in their respective regions where they perceived grasslands to be ‘especially valuable’. Also, the respondents could provide reasons for this selection. These verbatims were classified into instrumental, intrinsic, and several sub-types of relational values using Qualitative Content Analysis. Next, we conducted a hotspot analysis that revealed spatial hotspots and coldspots for each value type . Besides some overlaps, we found that hotspots of instrumental, intrinsic, and relational values varied in space. A Constrained Correspondence Analysis underlined the trade-offs between instrumentally valued grasslands that are perceived as suitable to supply provisioning services and intrinsically valued grasslands that are closely related to relational values such as care. The results show that grasslands and their ecosystem services are valued for a variety of reasons on different locations, and point out the need for further investigations of the spatial distribution of values associated with ecosystem services.
{"title":"Plural valuation in space: mapping values of grasslands and their ecosystem services","authors":"Thomas M. Schmitt, Rebekka Riebl, B. Martín‐López, Maria Hänsel, T. Koellner","doi":"10.1080/26395916.2022.2065361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26395916.2022.2065361","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The agricultural management of grasslands not only is strongly linked to fodder production but also provides other valuable ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration, nutrient regulation, and recreation. Capturing the values that society places on such ecosystem services is a step to provide management recommendations. To elicit the societal value of grasslands and their ecosystem services, it is important to consider multiple dimensions, namely, instrumental, intrinsic, and relational values. We conducted surveys with citizens in 2018 and 2020 in two study areas in Bavaria, Germany: one grassland-dominated and one with mixed agricultural land use. In the surveys, the respondents were invited to map up to seven points in their respective regions where they perceived grasslands to be ‘especially valuable’. Also, the respondents could provide reasons for this selection. These verbatims were classified into instrumental, intrinsic, and several sub-types of relational values using Qualitative Content Analysis. Next, we conducted a hotspot analysis that revealed spatial hotspots and coldspots for each value type . Besides some overlaps, we found that hotspots of instrumental, intrinsic, and relational values varied in space. A Constrained Correspondence Analysis underlined the trade-offs between instrumentally valued grasslands that are perceived as suitable to supply provisioning services and intrinsically valued grasslands that are closely related to relational values such as care. The results show that grasslands and their ecosystem services are valued for a variety of reasons on different locations, and point out the need for further investigations of the spatial distribution of values associated with ecosystem services.","PeriodicalId":37104,"journal":{"name":"Ecosystems and People","volume":"18 1","pages":"258 - 274"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42231735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-12DOI: 10.1080/26395916.2022.2067241
R. Murali, A. Bijoor, T. Thinley, Kalzang Gurmet, Kesang Chunit, Rinchen Tobge, Tanzin Thuktan, K. Suryawanshi, H. Nagendra, Charudutt Mishra
ABSTRACT The majority of the global terrestrial biodiversity occurs on indigenous lands, and biodiversity decline on these lands is relatively slower. Yet, robust understanding of indigenous governance systems for biodiversity and ecosystem services remains a key knowledge gap. We used the socio-ecological systems framework to study the governance of ecosystem services (ES) by an indigenous community in the Village of Kibber in the Trans-Himalayan Mountains of India. Focusing on plant-biomass removal from communal pastures, we identified the main factors shaping local governance using in-depth focal and deliberative group discussions with community members. Notwithstanding inequities of caste and gender, we found that Kibber had a well-functioning, complex, relatively democratic and inclusive system, with all households of the village involved in decision-making related to ES governance. Robust systems of information sharing, monitoring, conflict resolution, and self-organization played an important role. We found the role of institutional memory sustained by the oracle to be critical in maintaining governance structures. Our work underscores the potential resilience and importance of indigenous systems for the governance of ecosystem services.
{"title":"Indigenous governance structures for maintaining an ecosystem service in an agro-pastoral community in the Indian Trans Himalaya","authors":"R. Murali, A. Bijoor, T. Thinley, Kalzang Gurmet, Kesang Chunit, Rinchen Tobge, Tanzin Thuktan, K. Suryawanshi, H. Nagendra, Charudutt Mishra","doi":"10.1080/26395916.2022.2067241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26395916.2022.2067241","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The majority of the global terrestrial biodiversity occurs on indigenous lands, and biodiversity decline on these lands is relatively slower. Yet, robust understanding of indigenous governance systems for biodiversity and ecosystem services remains a key knowledge gap. We used the socio-ecological systems framework to study the governance of ecosystem services (ES) by an indigenous community in the Village of Kibber in the Trans-Himalayan Mountains of India. Focusing on plant-biomass removal from communal pastures, we identified the main factors shaping local governance using in-depth focal and deliberative group discussions with community members. Notwithstanding inequities of caste and gender, we found that Kibber had a well-functioning, complex, relatively democratic and inclusive system, with all households of the village involved in decision-making related to ES governance. Robust systems of information sharing, monitoring, conflict resolution, and self-organization played an important role. We found the role of institutional memory sustained by the oracle to be critical in maintaining governance structures. Our work underscores the potential resilience and importance of indigenous systems for the governance of ecosystem services.","PeriodicalId":37104,"journal":{"name":"Ecosystems and People","volume":"18 1","pages":"303 - 314"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47772985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-12DOI: 10.1080/26395916.2022.2065359
Kakeru Katsuda, I. Saeki, K. Shoyama, T. Kamijo
ABSTRACT Charismatic organisms are often used as symbols of nature-based community development. Understanding value perceptions of ecosystems services provided by symbolic species is important because such perceptions often influence land management and cultural associations between people and nature. Here, we aimed to characterize local perceptions of social values for ecosystem services of wild cherries in Sakuragawa city, Japan. The city has long been renowned for the beautiful traditional landscape of its flowering wild cherries and is involved in various conservation activities as a part of regional planning. We administered a questionnaire survey to three socio-cultural groups: local residents, tourists, and high school students; their responses were analyzed by using SolVES. Value perceptions of ecosystem services provided by wild cherries differed considerably among these groups. The residents and tourists ranked the value ‘aesthetic in spring’ as highest, whereas high school students ranked many values equally. In addition, most of the students confused wild cherry trees with the popular cultivar ‘Somei-yoshino’. The students’ more limited knowledge of wild cherries may have affected their value perceptions. Looking at the spatial distribution of perceived values, local residents and tourists highly valued the specific sites famous for their wild cherry scenery. In contrast, students did not value such sites and perceived more value in urbanized areas. Although symbolic species help to develop the perceived value of nature, filling a knowledge gap and sharing a variety of values within local communities is important for promoting community-based management of traditional forest landscapes characterized by wild cherries.
{"title":"Local perception of ecosystem services provided by symbolic wild cherry blossoms: toward community-based management of traditional forest landscapes in Japan","authors":"Kakeru Katsuda, I. Saeki, K. Shoyama, T. Kamijo","doi":"10.1080/26395916.2022.2065359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26395916.2022.2065359","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Charismatic organisms are often used as symbols of nature-based community development. Understanding value perceptions of ecosystems services provided by symbolic species is important because such perceptions often influence land management and cultural associations between people and nature. Here, we aimed to characterize local perceptions of social values for ecosystem services of wild cherries in Sakuragawa city, Japan. The city has long been renowned for the beautiful traditional landscape of its flowering wild cherries and is involved in various conservation activities as a part of regional planning. We administered a questionnaire survey to three socio-cultural groups: local residents, tourists, and high school students; their responses were analyzed by using SolVES. Value perceptions of ecosystem services provided by wild cherries differed considerably among these groups. The residents and tourists ranked the value ‘aesthetic in spring’ as highest, whereas high school students ranked many values equally. In addition, most of the students confused wild cherry trees with the popular cultivar ‘Somei-yoshino’. The students’ more limited knowledge of wild cherries may have affected their value perceptions. Looking at the spatial distribution of perceived values, local residents and tourists highly valued the specific sites famous for their wild cherry scenery. In contrast, students did not value such sites and perceived more value in urbanized areas. Although symbolic species help to develop the perceived value of nature, filling a knowledge gap and sharing a variety of values within local communities is important for promoting community-based management of traditional forest landscapes characterized by wild cherries.","PeriodicalId":37104,"journal":{"name":"Ecosystems and People","volume":"18 1","pages":"275 - 288"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44593265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-10DOI: 10.1080/26395916.2022.2067242
L. Verbrugge, G. Bjarnason, Nora Fagerholm, E. Magnussen, Lis E. Mortensen, E. Olsen, T. Plieninger, C. Raymond, A. S. Olafsson
ABSTRACT Long-term livestock grazing has shaped landscapes, biodiversity, societies, cultures, and economies in the North Atlantic over time. However, overgrazing has become a major environmental sustainability challenge for this region, covering the Faroe Islands, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, and Scotland. The objective of this study was to elicit narratives and spatial patterns of local people’s management preferences for sheep grazing in the Faroe Islands through a socio-cultural lens. We collected data via a Public Participation Geographic Information Systems (PPGIS) survey with an open question about hopes and concerns for sheep management in the Faroe Islands and a mapping exercise for expressing spatial preferences for sheep management. Four distinct narratives emerged from a qualitative analysis of responses to the open question (n = 184): (1) Sustainable sheep management, (2) Nature without sheep, (3) Sheep as part of Faroese culture, and (4) Sheep as nuisance. Visual inspection of narrative-specific maps with locations where either no or fewer sheep were preferred indicated that sheep management is not simply a ’sheep vs. no sheep’ issue but embedded in a more nuanced consideration of the place of sheep in the landscape and society. For example, for some residents sheep-farming is not a commercial enterprise but a social activity and local source of food. Our combined methodological approach using qualitative and spatial data can help researchers in other fields identify the interplay between place-specific areas of grazing management concern and socio-cultural values, enabling more targeted land-use management policies or plans.
{"title":"Navigating overgrazing and cultural values through narratives and participatory mapping: a socio-cultural analysis of sheep grazing in the Faroe Islands","authors":"L. Verbrugge, G. Bjarnason, Nora Fagerholm, E. Magnussen, Lis E. Mortensen, E. Olsen, T. Plieninger, C. Raymond, A. S. Olafsson","doi":"10.1080/26395916.2022.2067242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26395916.2022.2067242","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Long-term livestock grazing has shaped landscapes, biodiversity, societies, cultures, and economies in the North Atlantic over time. However, overgrazing has become a major environmental sustainability challenge for this region, covering the Faroe Islands, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, and Scotland. The objective of this study was to elicit narratives and spatial patterns of local people’s management preferences for sheep grazing in the Faroe Islands through a socio-cultural lens. We collected data via a Public Participation Geographic Information Systems (PPGIS) survey with an open question about hopes and concerns for sheep management in the Faroe Islands and a mapping exercise for expressing spatial preferences for sheep management. Four distinct narratives emerged from a qualitative analysis of responses to the open question (n = 184): (1) Sustainable sheep management, (2) Nature without sheep, (3) Sheep as part of Faroese culture, and (4) Sheep as nuisance. Visual inspection of narrative-specific maps with locations where either no or fewer sheep were preferred indicated that sheep management is not simply a ’sheep vs. no sheep’ issue but embedded in a more nuanced consideration of the place of sheep in the landscape and society. For example, for some residents sheep-farming is not a commercial enterprise but a social activity and local source of food. Our combined methodological approach using qualitative and spatial data can help researchers in other fields identify the interplay between place-specific areas of grazing management concern and socio-cultural values, enabling more targeted land-use management policies or plans.","PeriodicalId":37104,"journal":{"name":"Ecosystems and People","volume":"18 1","pages":"289 - 302"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46807829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-02DOI: 10.1080/26395916.2022.2061596
K. Malmborg, Elin Enfors-Kautsky, Lisen Schultz, A. Norström
ABSTRACT Landscapes and their management are at the center of many of the sustainability challenges that we face. Landscapes can be described as social-ecological systems shaped by a myriad of human activities and biophysical processes, interacting across space and time. Managing them sustainably requires considering this complexity. Resilience thinking offers ways to address complexity in decision-making. In this paper, we analyse the learning and impact on a diverse group of local actors from participating in a participatory resilience assessment. The assessment, focused on sustainable landscape management in the Helge å catchment, Sweden, produced concrete knowledge outputs, describing ecosystem service bundles, a future vision, conceptual system models, and a strategic action plan. Follow-up interviews indicate that the process and its outputs supported the participants’ learning process and helped them to articulate complexity thinking in practice. The outputs, and the exercises to produce them, emerged as complementary in supporting this articulation. Furthermore, they helped build participants’ capacity to communicate the diverse values of the landscape to others and to target leverage points more strategically. Thus, it supported the application of resilience thinking in landscape management, especially by generating learning and fostering complex adaptive systems thinking.
{"title":"Embracing complexity in landscape management: Learning and impacts of a participatory resilience assessment","authors":"K. Malmborg, Elin Enfors-Kautsky, Lisen Schultz, A. Norström","doi":"10.1080/26395916.2022.2061596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26395916.2022.2061596","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Landscapes and their management are at the center of many of the sustainability challenges that we face. Landscapes can be described as social-ecological systems shaped by a myriad of human activities and biophysical processes, interacting across space and time. Managing them sustainably requires considering this complexity. Resilience thinking offers ways to address complexity in decision-making. In this paper, we analyse the learning and impact on a diverse group of local actors from participating in a participatory resilience assessment. The assessment, focused on sustainable landscape management in the Helge å catchment, Sweden, produced concrete knowledge outputs, describing ecosystem service bundles, a future vision, conceptual system models, and a strategic action plan. Follow-up interviews indicate that the process and its outputs supported the participants’ learning process and helped them to articulate complexity thinking in practice. The outputs, and the exercises to produce them, emerged as complementary in supporting this articulation. Furthermore, they helped build participants’ capacity to communicate the diverse values of the landscape to others and to target leverage points more strategically. Thus, it supported the application of resilience thinking in landscape management, especially by generating learning and fostering complex adaptive systems thinking.","PeriodicalId":37104,"journal":{"name":"Ecosystems and People","volume":"18 1","pages":"241 - 257"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42527348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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