Pub Date : 2020-12-26DOI: 10.1080/21622515.2020.1861109
Michele Battista, A. Gobetti, S. Agnelli, G. Ramorino
ABSTRACT Nowadays sustainability is a key topic and waste should be considered a resource. For this reason, a large body of literature is being developed on the management of the large quantity of post-consumer tires with sustainable approaches. The ongoing research activity on tires is focused on providing eco-sustainable solutions aimed, on one hand, at reducing the amount of waste and, on the other hand, at optimizing and improving the technologies and methodologies to obtain ‘green’ products to be recycled on large scale. This review examines the solutions for the reuse of waste from post-consumer tires proposed in the literature during the last five years (2015–2019) with a focus on advantages, drawbacks and future research developments of each end-of-life tires (ELTs) recovery technology. The final aim is to provide a comparison of different fields of application for the recovery of post- consumer tires, particularly for those researchers who want to start an activity in this field. The results show that the most investigated field of application is the civil engineering area. However, it could be environmentally and socially useful to further investigate solutions suitable for recovery in sanitary applications such as water purification. Porous carbon, obtained from ELTs by pyrolysis and subsequent activation, can be successfully used as adsorbent to remove contaminants that could be harmful to the environment and human health. The latter application seems to be particularly advisable in less economically developed areas as it would represent a possible solution to the problem of environmental reclamation of water resources. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Post-consumer tires as a valuable resource: review of different types of material recovery","authors":"Michele Battista, A. Gobetti, S. Agnelli, G. Ramorino","doi":"10.1080/21622515.2020.1861109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21622515.2020.1861109","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Nowadays sustainability is a key topic and waste should be considered a resource. For this reason, a large body of literature is being developed on the management of the large quantity of post-consumer tires with sustainable approaches. The ongoing research activity on tires is focused on providing eco-sustainable solutions aimed, on one hand, at reducing the amount of waste and, on the other hand, at optimizing and improving the technologies and methodologies to obtain ‘green’ products to be recycled on large scale. This review examines the solutions for the reuse of waste from post-consumer tires proposed in the literature during the last five years (2015–2019) with a focus on advantages, drawbacks and future research developments of each end-of-life tires (ELTs) recovery technology. The final aim is to provide a comparison of different fields of application for the recovery of post- consumer tires, particularly for those researchers who want to start an activity in this field. The results show that the most investigated field of application is the civil engineering area. However, it could be environmentally and socially useful to further investigate solutions suitable for recovery in sanitary applications such as water purification. Porous carbon, obtained from ELTs by pyrolysis and subsequent activation, can be successfully used as adsorbent to remove contaminants that could be harmful to the environment and human health. The latter application seems to be particularly advisable in less economically developed areas as it would represent a possible solution to the problem of environmental reclamation of water resources. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":37266,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology Reviews","volume":"10 1","pages":"1 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21622515.2020.1861109","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44351301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/21622515.2020.1830185
E. John, S. Sureshkumar, T. V. Sankar, K. R. Divya
ABSTRACT The ever-growing aquaculture sector has a great economic and environmental cost as it has been responsible for severe water pollution and ecosystems failure. The presence of high concentrations of different pollution factors is a big challenge for the aquaculture industry to sustain fishery production. The conventional wastewater treatment systems demand urgent efforts to avoid secondary pollution. It is high time to develop green technology for aquaculture wastewater treatment and bioremediation could be the major intervention towards this. Phycoremediation, being an energy efficient technique, is employed as a tertiary treatment strategy for nutrient recovery from aquaculture wastewaters. Instead of being wasted, nutrients can be fed to algae to generate biomass for feed, bio-fuel and other valuable products. This review article gives an outlook to the studies that have explained the unique activity of microalgae, macroalgae and algae-bacteria consortia to scavenge nutrients from the aquaculture wastewater. The review also addresses the factors affecting phycoremediation, advantages of phycoremediation as well as the limitations and disadvantages that hamper this technique from full-scale use. Lastly, suggesting sustainability strategies for phycoremediation application in aquaculture will enable the selection of appropriate algae and help development of simple environment-friendly economical and sustainable aquaculture systems adopting bioremediation and parallel production of algae biomass for various purposes. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Phycoremediation in aquaculture; a win-win paradigm","authors":"E. John, S. Sureshkumar, T. V. Sankar, K. R. Divya","doi":"10.1080/21622515.2020.1830185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21622515.2020.1830185","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The ever-growing aquaculture sector has a great economic and environmental cost as it has been responsible for severe water pollution and ecosystems failure. The presence of high concentrations of different pollution factors is a big challenge for the aquaculture industry to sustain fishery production. The conventional wastewater treatment systems demand urgent efforts to avoid secondary pollution. It is high time to develop green technology for aquaculture wastewater treatment and bioremediation could be the major intervention towards this. Phycoremediation, being an energy efficient technique, is employed as a tertiary treatment strategy for nutrient recovery from aquaculture wastewaters. Instead of being wasted, nutrients can be fed to algae to generate biomass for feed, bio-fuel and other valuable products. This review article gives an outlook to the studies that have explained the unique activity of microalgae, macroalgae and algae-bacteria consortia to scavenge nutrients from the aquaculture wastewater. The review also addresses the factors affecting phycoremediation, advantages of phycoremediation as well as the limitations and disadvantages that hamper this technique from full-scale use. Lastly, suggesting sustainability strategies for phycoremediation application in aquaculture will enable the selection of appropriate algae and help development of simple environment-friendly economical and sustainable aquaculture systems adopting bioremediation and parallel production of algae biomass for various purposes. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":37266,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology Reviews","volume":"9 1","pages":"67 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21622515.2020.1830185","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48102374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/21622515.2020.1714749
E. Awere, P. Obeng, A. Bonoli, Panin Asirifua Obeng
ABSTRACT This paper reviews e-waste practices and aggregates the toxicity levels of organic compounds in different environmental media and human body fluids resulting from e-waste recycling activities in Ghana. Literature was searched from three academic databases (Science Direct, SpringerLink and PUBMED). Research articles published in English from 2010 to 2018 were selected in addition to reports of country studies. In all, 13 documents passed the inclusion criteria. E-waste recycling practices in Ghana were found to be mainly rudimentary. The major organic contaminants found in soils, air, sediments, food and body fluids of people exposed to e-waste recycling activities are PAHs, PCBs, Dioxin-like PCBs, PCDD/Fs, PBDD/Fs and PBDEs. The concentration of PCBs in the blood of e-waste workers and breast milk of nursing mothers at the recycling areas were respectively 0.082 µg/g (blood) and 3.64 ng/g lipid wt (breast milk). PAH was 3.94 µg/g creatinine in the urine of e-waste workers and 4,822 ng/g (median) in the soils at open burning areas. PCDD/F was 12.1 pg/g lipid base WHO2005-TEQ per year in the blood of e-waste workers and 988 pg TEQ/g in sediments of a shallow lagoon near the largest e-waste recycling site. Further studies are required to establish the levels of organic contaminants in air, water and foodstuffs at e-waste recycling sites and body burdens of children living or illegally working at e-waste recycling sites. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"E-waste recycling and public exposure to organic compounds in developing countries: a review of recycling practices and toxicity levels in Ghana","authors":"E. Awere, P. Obeng, A. Bonoli, Panin Asirifua Obeng","doi":"10.1080/21622515.2020.1714749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21622515.2020.1714749","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper reviews e-waste practices and aggregates the toxicity levels of organic compounds in different environmental media and human body fluids resulting from e-waste recycling activities in Ghana. Literature was searched from three academic databases (Science Direct, SpringerLink and PUBMED). Research articles published in English from 2010 to 2018 were selected in addition to reports of country studies. In all, 13 documents passed the inclusion criteria. E-waste recycling practices in Ghana were found to be mainly rudimentary. The major organic contaminants found in soils, air, sediments, food and body fluids of people exposed to e-waste recycling activities are PAHs, PCBs, Dioxin-like PCBs, PCDD/Fs, PBDD/Fs and PBDEs. The concentration of PCBs in the blood of e-waste workers and breast milk of nursing mothers at the recycling areas were respectively 0.082 µg/g (blood) and 3.64 ng/g lipid wt (breast milk). PAH was 3.94 µg/g creatinine in the urine of e-waste workers and 4,822 ng/g (median) in the soils at open burning areas. PCDD/F was 12.1 pg/g lipid base WHO2005-TEQ per year in the blood of e-waste workers and 988 pg TEQ/g in sediments of a shallow lagoon near the largest e-waste recycling site. Further studies are required to establish the levels of organic contaminants in air, water and foodstuffs at e-waste recycling sites and body burdens of children living or illegally working at e-waste recycling sites. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":37266,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology Reviews","volume":"9 1","pages":"1 - 19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21622515.2020.1714749","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46695768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/21622515.2020.1730983
O. Eletta, A. Adeniyi, Joshua O. Ighalo, D. Onifade, F. O. Ayandele
ABSTRACT Cocoa pod husk (CPH) has been valorised as adsorbents for the removal of a variety of chemical species from aqueous media. This review was conducted to catalogue the empirical findings, discuss the current state of knowledge, observe the research trend, identify research gaps and predict future perspectives in the research area. CPH has been processed into unmodified biosorbent, chemically modified biosorbent and bio-based-activated carbon. Much of the research interest in CPH adsorption has been majorly focused on heavy metals and dyes. The removal efficiency of the CPH adsorbent for most of the pollutants was above 90% but for a few exceptions. The effect of temperature, solution pH, adsorbent dosage, agitation time and initial concentration of the pollutants were considered in the review. Furthermore, the equilibrium data were always best fit to either Langmuir or Freundlich isotherm models. It was also observed that the pseudo-second order kinetic model was the best fit for the adsorption of pollutants onto CPH adsorbents. Thermodynamic calculations revealed that CPH adsorption was mainly spontaneous and exothermic. Future perspectives were suggested in the domain of desorption studies, reusability studies, continuous flow experiments and adsorbent immobilisation, pilot and semi-pilot scale-up systems and financial and techno-economic investigations. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Valorisation of Cocoa (Theobroma cacao) pod husk as precursors for the production of adsorbents for water treatment","authors":"O. Eletta, A. Adeniyi, Joshua O. Ighalo, D. Onifade, F. O. Ayandele","doi":"10.1080/21622515.2020.1730983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21622515.2020.1730983","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Cocoa pod husk (CPH) has been valorised as adsorbents for the removal of a variety of chemical species from aqueous media. This review was conducted to catalogue the empirical findings, discuss the current state of knowledge, observe the research trend, identify research gaps and predict future perspectives in the research area. CPH has been processed into unmodified biosorbent, chemically modified biosorbent and bio-based-activated carbon. Much of the research interest in CPH adsorption has been majorly focused on heavy metals and dyes. The removal efficiency of the CPH adsorbent for most of the pollutants was above 90% but for a few exceptions. The effect of temperature, solution pH, adsorbent dosage, agitation time and initial concentration of the pollutants were considered in the review. Furthermore, the equilibrium data were always best fit to either Langmuir or Freundlich isotherm models. It was also observed that the pseudo-second order kinetic model was the best fit for the adsorption of pollutants onto CPH adsorbents. Thermodynamic calculations revealed that CPH adsorption was mainly spontaneous and exothermic. Future perspectives were suggested in the domain of desorption studies, reusability studies, continuous flow experiments and adsorbent immobilisation, pilot and semi-pilot scale-up systems and financial and techno-economic investigations. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":37266,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology Reviews","volume":"9 1","pages":"20 - 36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21622515.2020.1730983","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45723588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/21622515.2020.1849409
Joshua O. Ighalo, C. Igwegbe, A. Adeniyi, C. A. Adeyanju, Samuel Ogunniyi
ABSTRACT In light of the changing consumption and lifestyle patterns, emerging contaminants such as pharmaceutical compounds in the ecosystem are now a cause for concern. Metronidazole (MNZ) also known as Flagyl is a popular antimicrobial, antibacterial and antiprotozoal. It has been reported in water bodies as an environmental pollutant. The aim of this paper was to review the research findings on the adsorption of MNZ from aqueous media to synthesise the research results and observe trends whilst pinpointing interesting areas for future work. It was observed from the review that activated carbon and metal–organic frameworks are the best class of adsorbents for the removal of MNZ from aqueous media. A wide range of values for the thermodynamic parameters (both negative and positive) has been reported for MNZ across different studies which were suggestive of the nature of the adsorbent being the important factor that determines the thermodynamics of MNZ adsorption. MNZ is capably desorbed by eluents like HCl and acetone but much work is still needed in this area. Gaps in knowledge abound in desorption studies, column/continuous flow adsorption studies, competitive adsorption studies and hybrid adsorptive processes. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Mitigation of Metronidazole (Flagyl) pollution in aqueous media by adsorption: a review","authors":"Joshua O. Ighalo, C. Igwegbe, A. Adeniyi, C. A. Adeyanju, Samuel Ogunniyi","doi":"10.1080/21622515.2020.1849409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21622515.2020.1849409","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In light of the changing consumption and lifestyle patterns, emerging contaminants such as pharmaceutical compounds in the ecosystem are now a cause for concern. Metronidazole (MNZ) also known as Flagyl is a popular antimicrobial, antibacterial and antiprotozoal. It has been reported in water bodies as an environmental pollutant. The aim of this paper was to review the research findings on the adsorption of MNZ from aqueous media to synthesise the research results and observe trends whilst pinpointing interesting areas for future work. It was observed from the review that activated carbon and metal–organic frameworks are the best class of adsorbents for the removal of MNZ from aqueous media. A wide range of values for the thermodynamic parameters (both negative and positive) has been reported for MNZ across different studies which were suggestive of the nature of the adsorbent being the important factor that determines the thermodynamics of MNZ adsorption. MNZ is capably desorbed by eluents like HCl and acetone but much work is still needed in this area. Gaps in knowledge abound in desorption studies, column/continuous flow adsorption studies, competitive adsorption studies and hybrid adsorptive processes. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":37266,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology Reviews","volume":"9 1","pages":"137 - 148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21622515.2020.1849409","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44841198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/21622515.2020.1836035
A. Kanase-Patil, Avinash P. Kaldate, S. Lokhande, H. Panchal, M. Suresh, V. Priya
ABSTRACT In the Smart City, the Integrated Renewable Energy System (IRES) is playing a crucial role. Integrating the available renewable energy sources is useful in solving energy supply and demand-related issues. For a stable state of energy supply and energy demand, their proper size is needed to adapt to integrated renewable energy sources in the future. To address technical, economic and sizing problems, different algorithms needed to implement the integrated renewable energy scheme, as suggested by various authors. This paper provides a comprehensive review of various topics related to power generation for Smart City based on Integrated Renewable Energy System (IRES). It discusses in detail issues related to the integration of different energy sources, use of smart grids for integration, methods of IRES sizing using software followed by methods of sizing using artificial intelligence algorithms. This article reviews different AI algorithms that focus on the sizing of integrated renewable energy systems in smart cities. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"A review of artificial intelligence-based optimization techniques for the sizing of integrated renewable energy systems in smart cities","authors":"A. Kanase-Patil, Avinash P. Kaldate, S. Lokhande, H. Panchal, M. Suresh, V. Priya","doi":"10.1080/21622515.2020.1836035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21622515.2020.1836035","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In the Smart City, the Integrated Renewable Energy System (IRES) is playing a crucial role. Integrating the available renewable energy sources is useful in solving energy supply and demand-related issues. For a stable state of energy supply and energy demand, their proper size is needed to adapt to integrated renewable energy sources in the future. To address technical, economic and sizing problems, different algorithms needed to implement the integrated renewable energy scheme, as suggested by various authors. This paper provides a comprehensive review of various topics related to power generation for Smart City based on Integrated Renewable Energy System (IRES). It discusses in detail issues related to the integration of different energy sources, use of smart grids for integration, methods of IRES sizing using software followed by methods of sizing using artificial intelligence algorithms. This article reviews different AI algorithms that focus on the sizing of integrated renewable energy systems in smart cities. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":37266,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology Reviews","volume":"9 1","pages":"111 - 136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21622515.2020.1836035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47910636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/21622515.2020.1831619
Abolhasan Ameri, Sajad Tamjidi, Faeghe Dehghankhalili, A. Farhadi, M. Saati
ABSTRACT These days the control of pollution caused by various industries is one of the major concerns of societies. It is necessary to provide cost-effective and efficient methods, despite the economic constraints for controlling the pollution of wastewater treatment processes. Nowadays, heavy metals are one of the most important environmental pollutants. So, removal of these metals from water and wastewater, up to a permissible amount, is necessary. Adsorption is widely used due to its flexibility in design and operation, reversibility, low cost, and desirable results. However, finding suitable and environmentally friendly adsorbents for removal of these metals increasingly seems essential. In recent years, the use of algae as a bio-adsorbent has received much attention due to its especial properties such as environmentally friendly, low cost, easy access and high adsorption capacity. This study, reviews various methods of removing heavy metals and investigates the use of algae as bio-adsorbents to remove these metals and their hazards and sources. Moreover, the equilibrium, kinetic, and thermodynamic behaviours of the heavy metal ion adsorption process using Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models, pseudo-first and second-order kinetic models, and thermodynamic parameters including enthalpy (ΔH °), entropy (ΔS °) and Gibbs free energy changes (ΔG °) are reviewed briefly. In almost all cases, the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were better matched with the experimental data. Also, the heavy metal adsorption on the algae showed exothermic process. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Application of algae as low cost and effective bio-adsorbent for removal of heavy metals from wastewater: a review study","authors":"Abolhasan Ameri, Sajad Tamjidi, Faeghe Dehghankhalili, A. Farhadi, M. Saati","doi":"10.1080/21622515.2020.1831619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21622515.2020.1831619","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT These days the control of pollution caused by various industries is one of the major concerns of societies. It is necessary to provide cost-effective and efficient methods, despite the economic constraints for controlling the pollution of wastewater treatment processes. Nowadays, heavy metals are one of the most important environmental pollutants. So, removal of these metals from water and wastewater, up to a permissible amount, is necessary. Adsorption is widely used due to its flexibility in design and operation, reversibility, low cost, and desirable results. However, finding suitable and environmentally friendly adsorbents for removal of these metals increasingly seems essential. In recent years, the use of algae as a bio-adsorbent has received much attention due to its especial properties such as environmentally friendly, low cost, easy access and high adsorption capacity. This study, reviews various methods of removing heavy metals and investigates the use of algae as bio-adsorbents to remove these metals and their hazards and sources. Moreover, the equilibrium, kinetic, and thermodynamic behaviours of the heavy metal ion adsorption process using Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models, pseudo-first and second-order kinetic models, and thermodynamic parameters including enthalpy (ΔH °), entropy (ΔS °) and Gibbs free energy changes (ΔG °) are reviewed briefly. In almost all cases, the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were better matched with the experimental data. Also, the heavy metal adsorption on the algae showed exothermic process. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":37266,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology Reviews","volume":"9 1","pages":"85 - 110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21622515.2020.1831619","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43511536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/21622515.2020.1732480
Maryam Mokhtarifar, M. Pedeferri, M. Diamanti
ABSTRACT Outdoor atmospheric corrosion has been exerting continuous deteriorating effects on the cultural heritage, both in the matter of structural resistance and aesthetic quality. To this point, titanium as a modern metal with excellent mechano-physical properties, especially high strength, light weight, superior corrosion resistance has already gained many attentions in different engineering and design fields. In addition to its high atmospheric corrosion resistance, titanium sheets ability to provide a wide range of tasteful colours with high aesthetic quality have paved their way towards the field of modern art and architecture, to the point that its use for monuments and especially as faÁade material for exterior cladding design has been continuously increasing. On the other hand, the undesired growth of this titanium dioxide layer due to long-term exposure in harsh atmospheric conditions leads to the appearance of interference colours and spoils the building from the viewpoint of aesthetic appearance. In particular, acidity of the rainwater falls and its reaction with the impurities present on the surface of titanium sheets to eventually alter the thickness of the oxide film is the main cause of discolouration. This review provides a conceptual framework on different manufacturing issues which have to be precisely taken into consideration in order to minimize the presence of impurities on both anodized and non-anodized end-products, as well as principles of anodizing process to increase the thickness of the oxide layer in order to eventually limit the access of acid rains to the remaining impurities. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Towards a better preservation of current and future outdoor architectural heritage; maximum suppression of discolouration in anodized and non-anodized titanium sheets","authors":"Maryam Mokhtarifar, M. Pedeferri, M. Diamanti","doi":"10.1080/21622515.2020.1732480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21622515.2020.1732480","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Outdoor atmospheric corrosion has been exerting continuous deteriorating effects on the cultural heritage, both in the matter of structural resistance and aesthetic quality. To this point, titanium as a modern metal with excellent mechano-physical properties, especially high strength, light weight, superior corrosion resistance has already gained many attentions in different engineering and design fields. In addition to its high atmospheric corrosion resistance, titanium sheets ability to provide a wide range of tasteful colours with high aesthetic quality have paved their way towards the field of modern art and architecture, to the point that its use for monuments and especially as faÁade material for exterior cladding design has been continuously increasing. On the other hand, the undesired growth of this titanium dioxide layer due to long-term exposure in harsh atmospheric conditions leads to the appearance of interference colours and spoils the building from the viewpoint of aesthetic appearance. In particular, acidity of the rainwater falls and its reaction with the impurities present on the surface of titanium sheets to eventually alter the thickness of the oxide film is the main cause of discolouration. This review provides a conceptual framework on different manufacturing issues which have to be precisely taken into consideration in order to minimize the presence of impurities on both anodized and non-anodized end-products, as well as principles of anodizing process to increase the thickness of the oxide layer in order to eventually limit the access of acid rains to the remaining impurities. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":37266,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology Reviews","volume":"9 1","pages":"37 - 54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21622515.2020.1732480","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45848064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/21622515.2020.1732479
Sijia Zheng, Haifeng Lu, Guangming Zhang
ABSTRACT Industrial wastewater usually has high organic load and contain lots of toxic substances, which is hard to be treated. Because of many advantages such as the high organic loading rating tolerance, and outstanding pollutants degradation ability, excellent sedimentation characteristics, and low operation cost, aerobic granular sludge (AGS) has the great potential to treat industrial wastewater. The application of AGS for industrial wastewater treatment still needs to be explored. Because of the type of diversity and the complex components of industrial wastewaterBesides, the technical features of AGS are versatile and there were no unified regular characteristics, which hindered the AGS plant application for industrial wastewater treatment. Therefore, in this work, the development of AGS industrial wastewater treatment in the last decade was summarized. Then, the technical features of AGS industrial wastewater treatment including process flow, reactor types, operation parameters, treatment efficiency, and application prospects were all summarized and analysed. Finally, the existing problems in the treatment of industrial wastewater by AGS and future development tendencies were discussed. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"The recent development of the aerobic granular sludge for industrial wastewater treatment: a mini review","authors":"Sijia Zheng, Haifeng Lu, Guangming Zhang","doi":"10.1080/21622515.2020.1732479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21622515.2020.1732479","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Industrial wastewater usually has high organic load and contain lots of toxic substances, which is hard to be treated. Because of many advantages such as the high organic loading rating tolerance, and outstanding pollutants degradation ability, excellent sedimentation characteristics, and low operation cost, aerobic granular sludge (AGS) has the great potential to treat industrial wastewater. The application of AGS for industrial wastewater treatment still needs to be explored. Because of the type of diversity and the complex components of industrial wastewaterBesides, the technical features of AGS are versatile and there were no unified regular characteristics, which hindered the AGS plant application for industrial wastewater treatment. Therefore, in this work, the development of AGS industrial wastewater treatment in the last decade was summarized. Then, the technical features of AGS industrial wastewater treatment including process flow, reactor types, operation parameters, treatment efficiency, and application prospects were all summarized and analysed. Finally, the existing problems in the treatment of industrial wastewater by AGS and future development tendencies were discussed. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":37266,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology Reviews","volume":"9 1","pages":"55 - 66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21622515.2020.1732479","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46138762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1080/21622515.2019.1623324
I. Chaoui, S. Abderafi, S. Vaudreuil, T. Bounahmidi
ABSTRACT Water production has become a serious concern nowadays due to many environmental and social factors. Conventional desalination processes are considered as energy-intensive, as energy consumption represents 50–60% of water production cost. As an example, multistage flash evaporation (MSF), requires 19.58–27.25 kWhe/m3, and reverse osmosis (RO) 1.5–6 kWhe/m3. Thus, developing forward osmosis (FO), a membrane technology for water desalination considered as a potentially energy-efficient process, has gained growing interest. However, the technology is facing serious limitations concerning the availability of a high-performance draw solution and membrane, which represent the core of the process. In addition to the lack of energy-efficient recoverable draw solutes, as the regeneration process represents the main energy consumption of the overall FO process. In this paper, an updated state of the art of newly developed draw solutes such as deep eutectic solvents, ionic liquids, smart materials, and classical FO draw solutes have been carried out. Finally, FO technology challenges, opportunities, and future prospects have been discussed. Draw solutes have been categorized according to their recovery methods, innovations and draw solutes strengths and limitations have been critically reviewed. The necessity of theoretical energy consumption and water production costs estimation have been outlined, in addition to pilot-scale testing to demonstrate the process feasibility. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Water desalination by forward osmosis: draw solutes and recovery methods – review","authors":"I. Chaoui, S. Abderafi, S. Vaudreuil, T. Bounahmidi","doi":"10.1080/21622515.2019.1623324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21622515.2019.1623324","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Water production has become a serious concern nowadays due to many environmental and social factors. Conventional desalination processes are considered as energy-intensive, as energy consumption represents 50–60% of water production cost. As an example, multistage flash evaporation (MSF), requires 19.58–27.25 kWhe/m3, and reverse osmosis (RO) 1.5–6 kWhe/m3. Thus, developing forward osmosis (FO), a membrane technology for water desalination considered as a potentially energy-efficient process, has gained growing interest. However, the technology is facing serious limitations concerning the availability of a high-performance draw solution and membrane, which represent the core of the process. In addition to the lack of energy-efficient recoverable draw solutes, as the regeneration process represents the main energy consumption of the overall FO process. In this paper, an updated state of the art of newly developed draw solutes such as deep eutectic solvents, ionic liquids, smart materials, and classical FO draw solutes have been carried out. Finally, FO technology challenges, opportunities, and future prospects have been discussed. Draw solutes have been categorized according to their recovery methods, innovations and draw solutes strengths and limitations have been critically reviewed. The necessity of theoretical energy consumption and water production costs estimation have been outlined, in addition to pilot-scale testing to demonstrate the process feasibility. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":37266,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology Reviews","volume":"8 1","pages":"25 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21622515.2019.1623324","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48512213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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