Pub Date : 2016-01-10DOI: 10.9734/BJECC/2016/29831
C. Reis, C. Loures, H. F. Castro, P. Rós, J. C. Santos, H. I. Filho, M. B. Silva
The utilization of organic matter present in low-value effluents, such as landfill leachate, for cultivation of microorganisms exhibit an opportunity for low-cost cell growth while reducing the pollutants in the residue. The feasibility of reducing the organic load and toxic leachate through microalgal cultivation, using Chlorella sp., was investigated using a biocoil reactor. Operating conditions, as temperature, residence time, and illumination cycle were evaluated as control factors, and the responses in reduction of organic matter, turbidity, and metals present in the leachate were assessed. Statistical experimental design and analysis were performed using a Taguchi L4 array, and results show removal rates of TOC in 60%, COD in 68%, turbidity and boron contents in 98%, and a complete removal of iron.
{"title":"Microalgae Assisted Bioremediation of Landfill Leachate Using a Biocoil Reactor: Evaluation of Operational Conditions Using Taguchi Experimental Design","authors":"C. Reis, C. Loures, H. F. Castro, P. Rós, J. C. Santos, H. I. Filho, M. B. Silva","doi":"10.9734/BJECC/2016/29831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJECC/2016/29831","url":null,"abstract":"The utilization of organic matter present in low-value effluents, such as landfill leachate, for cultivation of microorganisms exhibit an opportunity for low-cost cell growth while reducing the pollutants in the residue. The feasibility of reducing the organic load and toxic leachate through microalgal cultivation, using Chlorella sp., was investigated using a biocoil reactor. Operating conditions, as temperature, residence time, and illumination cycle were evaluated as control factors, and the responses in reduction of organic matter, turbidity, and metals present in the leachate were assessed. Statistical experimental design and analysis were performed using a Taguchi L4 array, and results show removal rates of TOC in 60%, COD in 68%, turbidity and boron contents in 98%, and a complete removal of iron.","PeriodicalId":373103,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Environment and Climate Change","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114068899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-10DOI: 10.9734/BJECC/2016/23726
R. Beattie, D. Kane
{"title":"Examination of Domestic Cold Water Systems","authors":"R. Beattie, D. Kane","doi":"10.9734/BJECC/2016/23726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJECC/2016/23726","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":373103,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Environment and Climate Change","volume":"404 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132524671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-10DOI: 10.9734/BJECC/2016/26496
E. Krupa, S. Barinova, S. Romanova, A. B. Malybekov
Aims: The aim of this study is to assess the ecological status of the Kolsay high mountain lakes according to their hydrochemical parameters and structure of phytoplankton communities and reveal the altitude climatic condition impact. Study Design: We implemented bio-indication and diverse statistical methods, which represent some new approaches in freshwater algal diversity analysis. Place and Duration of Study: Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Israel, Institute of Zoology, Ministry of Education and Science, Almaty, Kazakhstan, between August 2015 and April 2016. Methodology: We collected 20 samples of phytoplankton in August 2015 from four ultrafresh high mountain Kolsay lakes, located at the altitude of 1829-3170 meters above sea level in the Kungey Alatau, Southeastern Kazakhstan in gradients of climatic and environmental variables that we analyzed. Bio-indication and statistical methods for the ABC Method, Shannon-Weaver index, and WESI index (Water Ecosystem State Index) that indicated some toxic effect on photosynthesis of Original Research Article Krupa et al.; BJECC, 6(4): 259-278, 2016; Article no.BJECC.2016.025 260 algae were used together with Statistica 12.0 and CANOCO Programs for calculating of relationships between environmental and algal communities data among the altitude of the lakes. Results: As a result, 28 species from five taxonomic divisions were identified in phytoplankton communities. According to hydrochemical indices, the lakes were classified as clean, with a slightly increased level of organic pollution in the Middle and Upper Kolsay. The ratio of species in the phytoplankton communities in all the lakes was corresponding to alkaline fresh non-flowing waters. Indication of the indicator species’ ratio, functional groups and size structure (the AbundanceBiomass-Comparison method, ABC) of phytoplankton showed that the level of organic pollution decreased in the high-altitude direction. The relationship between the graphic (ABC Method) and the calculation method (Shannon-Weaver index) used for the analysis of the phytoplankton structure is shown. Dynamics of saprobiological and dimensional parameters of phytoplankton links well with the distribution of the recreational load on the lake. The change of biomass of planktonic algae to a greater extent was determined by the dynamics of nitrogen compounds. In general, together with a low level of heavy metals in the water of lakes, the values of WESI index (Water Ecosystem State Index) indicated some toxic effect on photosynthesis of algae in the Lower, Middle Kolsay and the Lake Sary-Bulak. We revealed major variables that considered stimulating or stress factors with helps of statistical programs. Conclusion: Analysis of hydrochemical and biological data demonstrated that Kolsay mountain lakes are in the early stages of eutrophication. The processes of eutrophication are most evident in the Lower Kolsay. The changes in ecosystems of Kolsay mountain lakes can be
目的:从湖泊水化学参数和浮游植物群落结构等方面评价科尔赛高山湖泊的生态状况，揭示海拔气候条件对湖泊生态环境的影响。研究设计:采用生物适应症和多样化的统计方法，为淡水藻类多样性分析提供了新的思路。研究地点和时间:2015年8月至2016年4月，以色列海法大学进化研究所，哈萨克斯坦阿拉木图教育与科学部动物研究所。方法:2015年8月，我们在哈萨克斯坦东南部Kungey Alatau海拔1829-3170米的4个超新鲜高山Kolsay湖泊采集了20份浮游植物样本，并对气候和环境变量进行了梯度分析。ABC法、Shannon-Weaver指数和WESI指数(Water Ecosystem State index)对原研论文Krupa等光合作用有一定毒性作用的生物指示和统计方法;生物工程学报，6(4):259-278,2016;文章bjecc .2016.025 260藻类与Statistica 12.0和CANOCO程序一起计算湖泊海拔环境与藻类群落数据之间的关系。结果:共鉴定出浮游植物群落5个分类区28种。根据水化学指标，湖泊被划分为清洁湖泊，中上游湖泊的有机污染程度略有增加。各湖泊浮游植物群落的种类比例与碱性淡水非流动水体相对应。浮游植物指示种比例、官能团和大小结构(丰度生物量比较法，ABC)表明，有机污染水平在高海拔方向呈下降趋势。图(ABC法)与用于分析浮游植物结构的计算方法(Shannon-Weaver指数)之间的关系。湖上浮游植物的腐殖生物动态和量纲参数与游憩负荷的分布有很好的联系。浮游藻类生物量的变化在很大程度上取决于氮化合物的动态。总体而言，在湖泊水体重金属含量较低的情况下，水体生态系统状态指数(WESI)值表明下、中科尔塞湖和sry - bulak湖对藻类光合作用有一定的毒害作用。在统计程序的帮助下，我们揭示了考虑刺激或压力因素的主要变量。结论:水化学和生物学数据分析表明，科尔赛山地湖泊处于富营养化的早期阶段。富营养化过程在科尔塞河下游最为明显。高尔赛山地湖泊生态系统的变化可能是由休闲负荷的增长和海拔相关的气候变化引起的。
{"title":"Hydrobiological Assessment of the High Mountain Kolsay Lakes (Kungey Alatau, Southeastern Kazakhstan) Ecosystems in Climatic Gradient","authors":"E. Krupa, S. Barinova, S. Romanova, A. B. Malybekov","doi":"10.9734/BJECC/2016/26496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJECC/2016/26496","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The aim of this study is to assess the ecological status of the Kolsay high mountain lakes according to their hydrochemical parameters and structure of phytoplankton communities and reveal the altitude climatic condition impact. Study Design: We implemented bio-indication and diverse statistical methods, which represent some new approaches in freshwater algal diversity analysis. Place and Duration of Study: Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Israel, Institute of Zoology, Ministry of Education and Science, Almaty, Kazakhstan, between August 2015 and April 2016. Methodology: We collected 20 samples of phytoplankton in August 2015 from four ultrafresh high mountain Kolsay lakes, located at the altitude of 1829-3170 meters above sea level in the Kungey Alatau, Southeastern Kazakhstan in gradients of climatic and environmental variables that we analyzed. Bio-indication and statistical methods for the ABC Method, Shannon-Weaver index, and WESI index (Water Ecosystem State Index) that indicated some toxic effect on photosynthesis of Original Research Article Krupa et al.; BJECC, 6(4): 259-278, 2016; Article no.BJECC.2016.025 260 algae were used together with Statistica 12.0 and CANOCO Programs for calculating of relationships between environmental and algal communities data among the altitude of the lakes. Results: As a result, 28 species from five taxonomic divisions were identified in phytoplankton communities. According to hydrochemical indices, the lakes were classified as clean, with a slightly increased level of organic pollution in the Middle and Upper Kolsay. The ratio of species in the phytoplankton communities in all the lakes was corresponding to alkaline fresh non-flowing waters. Indication of the indicator species’ ratio, functional groups and size structure (the AbundanceBiomass-Comparison method, ABC) of phytoplankton showed that the level of organic pollution decreased in the high-altitude direction. The relationship between the graphic (ABC Method) and the calculation method (Shannon-Weaver index) used for the analysis of the phytoplankton structure is shown. Dynamics of saprobiological and dimensional parameters of phytoplankton links well with the distribution of the recreational load on the lake. The change of biomass of planktonic algae to a greater extent was determined by the dynamics of nitrogen compounds. In general, together with a low level of heavy metals in the water of lakes, the values of WESI index (Water Ecosystem State Index) indicated some toxic effect on photosynthesis of algae in the Lower, Middle Kolsay and the Lake Sary-Bulak. We revealed major variables that considered stimulating or stress factors with helps of statistical programs. Conclusion: Analysis of hydrochemical and biological data demonstrated that Kolsay mountain lakes are in the early stages of eutrophication. The processes of eutrophication are most evident in the Lower Kolsay. The changes in ecosystems of Kolsay mountain lakes can be ","PeriodicalId":373103,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Environment and Climate Change","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133465969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-10DOI: 10.9734/BJECC/2016/23572
P. Mohan, Radha Karuna Kumari, M. Muruganantham, Vibha V. Ubare, C. Jeeva, P. Nagarjuna, J. Singha, Phaterpekar Purva, S. Chakraborty
{"title":"An Experimental Study on the Carbon Flux within the Coral Community","authors":"P. Mohan, Radha Karuna Kumari, M. Muruganantham, Vibha V. Ubare, C. Jeeva, P. Nagarjuna, J. Singha, Phaterpekar Purva, S. Chakraborty","doi":"10.9734/BJECC/2016/23572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJECC/2016/23572","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":373103,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Environment and Climate Change","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129081855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-10DOI: 10.9734/BJECC/2016/27382
M. Awal, M. Rashid, A. Islam, M. Imam, M. Sarkar
{"title":"Measuring Climate Change Vulnerability and its Adaptive Capacity: Policies and Planning for Bangladesh","authors":"M. Awal, M. Rashid, A. Islam, M. Imam, M. Sarkar","doi":"10.9734/BJECC/2016/27382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJECC/2016/27382","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":373103,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Environment and Climate Change","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123319084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-10DOI: 10.9734/BJECC/2016/26725
D. Bencsik, T. Karches
The aim of this study is to estimate and optimize greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of a process in wastewater treatment, which utilizes anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox). The single-stage nitritation-Anammox process applies fixed biofilm carriers and treats the centrate of sludge dewatering. GPS-X biokinetic modelling tool was used for quantifying the specific nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide and methane emissions at various operational conditions. In general, the amount of biology related GHG production was estimated to be higher than that of indirect emissions, by three orders of magnitude. Of direct emissions, nitrous oxide gas production should be taken into account primarily. Based on the simulations, feasible options of minimising N2O emissions include applying an operational temperature of 30-35°C, and increasing airflow to reduce the effect of oxygen limitation. To release less N2O, the process should also preferably be operated as an IFAS application with a low concentration of suspended solids (1.5-2 g/L), or even without sludge recycle.
{"title":"Modelling Greenhouse Gas Emissions of a Hybrid Fixed-film Anammox Process Treating Sludge Dewatering Centrate in Wastewater Treatment","authors":"D. Bencsik, T. Karches","doi":"10.9734/BJECC/2016/26725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJECC/2016/26725","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to estimate and optimize greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of a process in wastewater treatment, which utilizes anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox). The single-stage nitritation-Anammox process applies fixed biofilm carriers and treats the centrate of sludge dewatering. GPS-X biokinetic modelling tool was used for quantifying the specific nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide and methane emissions at various operational conditions. In general, the amount of biology related GHG production was estimated to be higher than that of indirect emissions, by three orders of magnitude. Of direct emissions, nitrous oxide gas production should be taken into account primarily. Based on the simulations, feasible options of minimising N2O emissions include applying an operational temperature of 30-35°C, and increasing airflow to reduce the effect of oxygen limitation. To release less N2O, the process should also preferably be operated as an IFAS application with a low concentration of suspended solids (1.5-2 g/L), or even without sludge recycle.","PeriodicalId":373103,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Environment and Climate Change","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129342605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-10DOI: 10.9734/BJECC/2016/18188
Olivier Neu, S. Oxizidis, D. Flynn, D. Finn
Aims: The prediction of water consumption patterns is a challenge, especially when water metering is not available at scale. The use of time-of-use survey (TUS) data offers an alternative to metering in order to track the general patterns of water consumption across large and representative groups of end-users. The paper focuses on the prediction of analytical domestic hot water (DHW) demand profiles for detailed building archetype models, using an occupant focused approach based on TUS data. The paper illustrates and discusses the resulting capability of dwelling archetypes to capture variations in heat demand and energy usage for water heating on a national scale and at high time resolution. Methodology: Five dwelling types are considered over different construction periods, representative of the majority of the Irish residential stock, which is used here as a case study. They are modelled at room level using EnergyPlus and converted into archetype models. A bottom-up approach is utilised to develop the required operational data at high space and time resolution. That methodology applies Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques to TUS activity data to develop activity-specific profiles for occupancy and domestic equipment electricity use. It is extended to DHW demand profiles by combining the probability distributions for particular TUS activities with average daily DHW consumptions, depending on the household size, day type and season. Results: The archetype models capture variations in DHW consumption, heat demand and energy usage for DHW heating, on a national scale and a fifteen-minute basis. Moreover, they are found to be 90% accurate with the Irish standard dwelling energy assessment procedure in estimating the annual energy requirements for DHW heating. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the potential for utilising time of use surveys to predict domestic water demand profiles on a national scale and at high time resolution.
{"title":"Utilising time of use surveys to predict domestic hot water consumption and heat demand profiles of residential building stocks","authors":"Olivier Neu, S. Oxizidis, D. Flynn, D. Finn","doi":"10.9734/BJECC/2016/18188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJECC/2016/18188","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The prediction of water consumption patterns is a challenge, especially when water metering is not available at scale. The use of time-of-use survey (TUS) data offers an alternative to metering in order to track the general patterns of water consumption across large and representative groups of end-users. The paper focuses on the prediction of analytical domestic hot water (DHW) demand profiles for detailed building archetype models, using an occupant focused approach based on TUS data. The paper illustrates and discusses the resulting capability of dwelling archetypes to capture variations in heat demand and energy usage for water heating on a national scale and at high time resolution. Methodology: Five dwelling types are considered over different construction periods, representative of the majority of the Irish residential stock, which is used here as a case study. They are modelled at room level using EnergyPlus and converted into archetype models. A bottom-up approach is utilised to develop the required operational data at high space and time resolution. That methodology applies Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques to TUS activity data to develop activity-specific profiles for occupancy and domestic equipment electricity use. It is extended to DHW demand profiles by combining the probability distributions for particular TUS activities with average daily DHW consumptions, depending on the household size, day type and season. Results: The archetype models capture variations in DHW consumption, heat demand and energy usage for DHW heating, on a national scale and a fifteen-minute basis. Moreover, they are found to be 90% accurate with the Irish standard dwelling energy assessment procedure in estimating the annual energy requirements for DHW heating. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the potential for utilising time of use surveys to predict domestic water demand profiles on a national scale and at high time resolution.","PeriodicalId":373103,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Environment and Climate Change","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131005483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-06-05DOI: 10.9734/BJECC/2015/18413
L. Chua, K. Irvine
{"title":"Editorial: Interactions between urbanization, climate variability and its impact on surface waters","authors":"L. Chua, K. Irvine","doi":"10.9734/BJECC/2015/18413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJECC/2015/18413","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":373103,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Environment and Climate Change","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116617867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-06-05DOI: 10.9734/BJECC/2015/11534
H. Loc, M. Babel, S. Weesakul, K. Irvine, Pham Minh Duyen
Aims: In recent decades, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, frequently has been affected by local floods and inundation from heavy rainfall. Conventional flood mitigation measures such as building flood gates and upgrading sewerage systems have been implemented but problems persist. The objective of this research is to assess another approach for flood control measures, namely Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS), with application to the Nhieu Loc Thi Nghe Basin, located in the central part of Ho Chi Minh City. Methodology: A combination of the Stormwater Management Model (PCSWMM) and interviews with 140 households was used to assess the efficacy and acceptability of four of the most popular SUDS: Rainwater harvesting, green roofs, urban green space and pervious pavement. Thirteen SUDS and urban build-out scenarios were simulated under 6 design storm conditions. Results: PCSWMM results showed that inundation from intense rainfall could be reduced with proper land-use control, specifically by maintaining imperviousness at 65% or less of the surface Original Research Article Loc et al.; BJECC, 5(2): 91-103, 2015; Article no.BJECC.2015.008 92 area. With respect to SUDS performance, green roofs were best at reducing peak runoff (22% reduction), followed by pervious pavement, urban green space, and rainwater harvesting systems. Regarding environmental improvements, as represented by reduction in total suspended solids load, urban green space was best with 20% of the solids load removed compared to the base case scenario, followed by green roofs, pervious pavement, and rainwater harvesting. The household interviews revealed the majority of people preferred pervious pavement to the other SUDS options and the least preferred option was green roof technology. Conclusion: Considering the combination of water quantity and water quality controls, it seems that green roof technology was the best performer for this area of Ho Chi Minh City, followed by urban green space, pervious pavement and rainwater harvesting. However, green roof technology also was the least favored option for the public and stakeholder acceptance will impact SUDS implementation.
目的:近几十年来，越南胡志明市频繁受到当地洪水和暴雨淹没的影响。传统的防洪措施，如修建防洪闸门和升级污水处理系统，已经得到实施，但问题依然存在。本研究的目的是评估另一种防洪措施的方法，即可持续城市排水系统(SUDS)，并将其应用于位于胡志明市中心的Nhieu Loc Thi Nghe盆地。方法:结合雨水管理模型(PCSWMM)和对140户家庭的访谈，评估了四种最受欢迎的SUDS的有效性和可接受性:雨水收集、绿色屋顶、城市绿地和透水路面。在6种设计风暴条件下，模拟了13种SUDS和城市建设场景。结果:PCSWMM结果表明，通过适当的土地利用控制，特别是通过将地表不透水性保持在65%或以下，可以减少强降雨造成的淹没;生物工程学报，5(2):91-103,2015;条款编号bjecc .2015.008 92区。就SUDS的性能而言，绿色屋顶在减少峰值径流方面效果最好(减少22%)，其次是透水路面、城市绿地和雨水收集系统。在环境改善方面，以总悬浮固体负荷减少为代表，与基本情景相比，城市绿地的固体负荷减少了20%，其次是绿色屋顶、透水路面和雨水收集。家庭访谈显示，大多数人更喜欢透水路面，而不是其他SUDS选择，最不喜欢的选择是绿色屋顶技术。结论:综合考虑水量和水质控制，绿色屋顶技术似乎是胡志明市这一地区表现最好的，其次是城市绿地、透水路面和雨水收集。然而，绿色屋顶技术也是公众最不喜欢的选择，利益相关者的接受程度将影响sud的实施。
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Pub Date : 2015-06-05DOI: 10.9734/BJECC/2015/12915
M. Valyrakis, Mark Solley, Eftychia Koursari
Aims: The impacts of catastrophic flooding have steadily increased over the last few decades. This work investigated the effectiveness of flood modeling, with low dimensionality models along with a wealth of soft (qualitative) and hard (quantitative) data. In the presence of very low resolution or qualitative data this approach has the potential of assessing a plethora of different scenarios with little computational cost, without compromise in prediction accuracy. Study Design: A flood risk modeling approach was implemented for the urbanized and flood prone region of Whitesands, at the Scottish town of Dumfries. This involved collection of a wide range of data: a) topographical maps and data from field visits were used to complement existing cross-sectional data, for building the river’s geometry, b) appropriate hydrological data were employed to run the simulations, while historical information about the extent, depth and impacts of flooding were utilized for calibrating the hydraulic model, and c) a wealth of photographic data obtained during the most recent December 2013 flood, were used for the model’s validation. Place and Duration of Study: Desk study: School of Engineering, University of Glasgow; September 2013 to May 2014. Field study: Dumfries; November 2013 to January 2014. Methodology: The HEC-RAS 1D model has been used to represent the hydraulics of the system. Flood maps were produced considering the local topography and predicted inundation depths. Flood cost and risk takes further into account the type and value of inundated property as well as the extent and depth of flooding. Results: The model predictions (inundation depths and flood extents presented in the flood maps) were in fairly good agreement with the observed results along the studied section of the river. Conclusion: This study presented a flood modeling approach that utilized an appropriate range of accessible data in the absence of detailed information. As the level of performance was comparable to other inundation models the results can be used for identification of flood mitigation measures and to inform best management strategies for waterways and floodplains.
{"title":"Flood Risk Modeling of Urbanized Estuarine Areas under Uncertainty: A Case Study for Whitesands, UK","authors":"M. Valyrakis, Mark Solley, Eftychia Koursari","doi":"10.9734/BJECC/2015/12915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJECC/2015/12915","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The impacts of catastrophic flooding have steadily increased over the last few decades. This work investigated the effectiveness of flood modeling, with low dimensionality models along with a wealth of soft (qualitative) and hard (quantitative) data. In the presence of very low resolution or qualitative data this approach has the potential of assessing a plethora of different scenarios with little computational cost, without compromise in prediction accuracy. \u0000Study Design: A flood risk modeling approach was implemented for the urbanized and flood prone region of Whitesands, at the Scottish town of Dumfries. This involved collection of a wide range of data: a) topographical maps and data from field visits were used to complement existing cross-sectional data, for building the river’s geometry, b) appropriate hydrological data were employed to run the simulations, while historical information about the extent, depth and impacts of flooding were utilized for calibrating the hydraulic model, and c) a wealth of photographic data obtained during the most recent December 2013 flood, were used for the model’s validation. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: Desk study: School of Engineering, University of Glasgow; September 2013 to May 2014. Field study: Dumfries; November 2013 to January 2014. \u0000Methodology: The HEC-RAS 1D model has been used to represent the hydraulics of the system. Flood maps were produced considering the local topography and predicted inundation depths. Flood cost and risk takes further into account the type and value of inundated property as well as the extent and depth of flooding. \u0000Results: The model predictions (inundation depths and flood extents presented in the flood maps) were in fairly good agreement with the observed results along the studied section of the river. \u0000Conclusion: This study presented a flood modeling approach that utilized an appropriate range of accessible data in the absence of detailed information. As the level of performance was comparable to other inundation models the results can be used for identification of flood mitigation measures and to inform best management strategies for waterways and floodplains.","PeriodicalId":373103,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Environment and Climate Change","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122804409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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