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CONCHOLOGICAL VARIABILITY OF TERRESTRIAL MOLLUSK CHONDRULOPSINA FEDTSCHENKOI (ANCEY, 1886) (GASTROPODA, PULMONATA, ENIDAE) FROM THE ZARAFSHAN RANGE, UZBEKISTAN 乌兹别克斯坦zarafshan地区陆生软体动物chondrulopsina fedtschenkoi(起源,1886)(腹足目,肺足目,内胆科)的贝壳变异
Q4 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-06-20 DOI: 10.26842/binhm.7.2022.17.1.0103
Abduvaeit P. Pazilov, Farrukh U. Umarov
The article presents the results of studying the conchological variability of the terrestrial mollusk Chondrulopsina fedtschenkoi (Ancey, 1886), known to occur in three regions of the Zaravshan Range (Central Asia): the Urgutsay Gorge, the vicinity of the Gissarak Reservoir and the Ingichka-Irmak Gorge. Conchological variability was determined based on statistical analysis. The climate of the three regions is different, and environmental factors have led to changes in the mollusk shell. The shells have changed in response to environmental factors, these are their adaptive traits for survival; the variability of conchological features is also reflected in the color of the shell, and the intensive development of the color of the shell in mollusks is an adaptive feature reflecting on the one hand, the adaptability of mollusks to any biotope, and on the other hand climatic and landscape conditions.
本文介绍了一种陆生软体动物(Chondrulopsina fedtschenkoi, Ancey, 1886)的岩石学变异研究结果,这种软体动物已知分布在中亚扎拉夫山山脉的三个地区:乌尔古赛峡谷、吉萨拉克水库附近和Ingichka-Irmak峡谷。根据统计分析确定心理变异性。三个地区的气候不同,环境因素导致了软体动物壳的变化。壳会随着环境因素发生变化,这是它们生存的适应性特征;贝壳颜色的多变性也反映在贝壳的颜色上,而贝壳颜色在软体动物体内的密集发展,一方面反映了软体动物对任何生物群的适应性,另一方面也反映了气候和景观条件的适应性。
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引用次数: 4
BIRDS OF CONSERVATION CONCERN AT AL-NAJAF DESERT, SOUTHERN DESERT OF IRAQ 伊拉克南部沙漠AL-NAJAF沙漠的鸟类保护问题
Q4 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-06-20 DOI: 10.26842/binhm.7.2022.17.1.0467
Hayder M. Al-Rammahi, Mohammad K. Mohammad
One eighth of the bird species in the world is considered globally threatened; the avifauna of Iraq comprises 409 species and is considered as the major indicator of the health of Iraq’s biological resources. The Iraqi geography falls into five main regions among which is the desert and semi-desert areas which cover much of the country area. Al-Najaf desert is still one of the poorly known regions from the biodiversity point of view. Birds of conservation concern are detected in Al-Najaf desert during 31 field trips to 20 sites conducted from August 2018 to April 2020, (citing literature records, and personal interviews with locals).The factors caused the bird numbers to decline in Al-Najaf desert include hunting and trapping, logging, invasive species, and climate change. Nine birds are found threatened with 3 EN and 6 VU comprising Saker Falcon Falco cherrug Gray, 1834 (Falconidae, Falconiformes), Red-footed Falcon Falco vespertinus Linnaeus, 1766 (Falconidae, Falconiformes), Steppe Eagle Aquila nipalensis Hodgson, 1833 (Accipitridae, Accipitriformes), Egyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Accipitridae, Accipitriformes), Greater Spotted Eagle Aquila clanga (Pallas, 1811) (Accipitridae, Accipitriformes), Marbled Teal Marmaronetta angustirostris (Ménétrés, 1832) (Anatidae, Anseriformes), Macqueen's Bustard Chlamydotis macqueeni (Gray, 1834) (Otididae, Otidiformes), Turtle Dove Streptopelia turtur (Linnaeus, 1758) (Columbidae, Columbiformes), and Southern Grey Shrike Lanius meridionalis aucheri Bonaparte, 1853 (Laniidae, Passeriformes). It is concluded that Al-Najaf desert is a region of top priority area for biodiversity conservation as it hosts large number of threatened bird species.
世界上八分之一的鸟类被认为受到全球威胁;伊拉克的鸟类包括409种,被认为是伊拉克生物资源健康状况的主要指标。伊拉克地理分为五个主要地区,其中沙漠和半沙漠地区覆盖了该国大部分地区。从生物多样性的角度来看,纳杰夫沙漠仍然是鲜为人知的地区之一。2018年8月至2020年4月,在对20个地点进行的31次实地考察中,在纳杰夫沙漠中发现了令人关注的鸟类(引用文献记录和对当地人的个人采访)。导致纳杰夫沙漠鸟类数量下降的因素包括狩猎和诱捕、伐木、入侵物种和气候变化。发现9种鸟类受到3 EN和6 VU的威胁,包括1834年的Saker Falcon Falco cherrug Gray(猎鹰科,猎鹰形目)、1766年的红脚猎鹰Falco vespertinus Linnaeus(猎鹰目,猎鹰目)、1833年的草原鹰Aquila nipalensis Hodgson(鹰鹰科,鹰鹰鹰形目,大斑鹰Aquila clanga(Pallas,1811)(鹰科,鹰形目)、大理石蓝Marmaronetta angustistris(Ménétrés,1832)(Anatidae,Anseriformes)、麦昆Bustard Chlamydotis macqueeni(Gray,1834)(Otididae,Otidiformes),斑鸠Streptopelia turtur(Linnaeus,1758)(Columbidae,Columbformes)和南方灰Shrike Lanius meridionalis aucheri Bonaparte,1853年(鸟蛛科,雀形目)。得出的结论是,纳杰夫沙漠是生物多样性保护的首要地区,因为这里有大量受威胁的鸟类。
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引用次数: 1
ALLIANCE BETWEEN BARN SWALLOW HIRUNDO RUSTICA LINNAEUS, 1758 AND INDIAN MUSTARD BRASSICA JUNCEA (L.) CZERNAJEW, 1859: A NEW INTUITION IN BIRD-PLANT ECOLOGICAL NETWORKS 小燕子hirundo rustica linnaeus, 1758与印度芥菜芸苔(1)的亲缘关系Czernajew, 1859:鸟类-植物生态网络的新直觉
Q4 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-06-20 DOI: 10.26842/binhm.7.2022.17.1.0001
Biswal Soumya Ranjan, Panda Bibhu Prasad
The habitat type and food availability always influence the population size of many organisms. Bird’s feeding pattern should be abstracted to complete avian community structure data. The agronomy main research farm of Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology is a well-managed multi-crop agro-ecosystem which provides a suitable ground for ecological research. In a multi-crop farmland, the association of Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica Linnaeus, 1758, with the Indian mustard Brassica juncea (L.) Czernajew, 1859 crops have been recorded for the first time while hovering only on this field. A flock of Barn swallows was recorded in 32 field visits while flying continuously over the Indian mustard field after flowering to ripening of fruit in the morning and sometimes in afternoon also. The range of the birds was recorded from 6 to 61 with a mean individual of 36.03 ± 15.37 hovering for 1.83 hr daily. This may be the behaviour for the feeding pattern of these flying insectivorous birds which was not seen in other crop-fields with same insect diversity describing it as not the only reason for this behaviour. To reveal this poorly understood behaviour of flying insectivore birds, a detailed long term behavioural study with gut content analysis is needed to explain the particular reason behind this behaviour of Barn swallows which will support the conservation of these birds and control their population decline.
栖息地类型和食物供应总是影响许多生物的种群规模。鸟类的进食模式应该被抽象出来,以完成鸟类群落结构数据。奥里萨邦农业科技大学农学主研农场是一个管理良好的多作物农业生态系统,为生态研究提供了合适的基础。在一片多作物农田中,Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica Linnaeus(1758年)和印度芥菜Brassica juncea(L.)Czernajew(1859年)的协会首次记录到只有在这块田地上徘徊的作物。在32次实地考察中,记录到一群谷仓燕子在印度芥菜地上不停地飞行,从早上开花到果实成熟,有时也在下午。记录的鸟类范围为6至61只,平均个体为36.03±15.37只,每天悬停1.83小时。这可能是这些飞行食虫鸟的进食模式的行为,而在其他昆虫多样性相同的麦田中没有看到这种行为,并称这不是这种行为的唯一原因。为了揭示飞行食虫鸟的这种鲜为人知的行为,需要进行一项详细的长期行为研究和肠道含量分析,以解释仓燕这种行为背后的特殊原因,这将有助于保护这些鸟类并控制其种群数量的下降。
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引用次数: 0
SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY AND PALEOENVIRONMENT OF AALIJI FORMATION IN BAI HASSAN OIL FIELD IN KIRKUK PROVINCE, NORTHERN IRAQ 伊拉克北部基尔库克省白哈桑油田阿里集组层序地层学与古环境
Q4 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-06-20 DOI: 10.26842/binhm.7.2022.17.1.0049
Faris Nejris Hassan, Yaseen Saleh Kareem, Muthanna Younus Mohammed
The Aaliji Formation in wells (BH.52, BH.90, BH.138, and BH.188) in Bai Hassan Oil Field in Low Folded Zone northern Iraq has been studied to recognize the palaeoenvironment and sequence stratigraphic development. The formation is bounded unconformably with the underlain Shiranish Formation and the overlain Jaddala Formation. The microfacies analysis and the nature of accumulation of both planktonic and benthonic foraminifera indicate the two microfacies associations; where the first one represents deep shelf environment, which is responsible for the deposition of the Planktonic Foraminiferal Lime Wackestone Microfacies and Planktonic Foraminiferal Lime Packstone Microfacies, while the second association represents the deep-sea environment that is responsible for deposition of Lime Mudstone Microfacies. The sequence boundaries were marked on SB1 surface on the bottom and the top of the succession while SB2 surface is placed at the top of the sequence (1) as shallowing-upward beneath deepening upward units. Sequence (1) placed on SB1 surface that separates the Cretaceous from the Palaeogene successions where it formed outer shelf to upper-middle bathyal, and comprised the Planktonic Foraminiferal Lime Wackestone Microfacies as a Transgression System Tract TST deepening-upward ended with Maximum Flooding Surface MFS represented by Mudstone microfacies in BH.188 Well. It is followed by the Planktonic Foraminiferal Lime Packstone Microfacies that represent the Highstand System Tract HST as a shallowing-upward ended by SB2. Sequence (2) begins with a new Transgression System Tract TST that formed the outer shelf and bounded with Maximum Flooding Surface MFS. The Highstand System Tract HST that shallowing-upward which ended by SB1 between the Aaliji and Jaddala Formations.
对伊拉克北部低褶皱带Bai Hassan油田BH.52、BH.90、BH.138、BH.188井的Aaliji组进行了研究,以识别古环境和层序地层发育。该组与下伏的Shiranish组和上覆的Jaddala组不整合。微相分析和浮游有孔虫和底栖有孔虫的聚集性质表明了两种微相的组合;其中,第一个组合代表深水陆架环境,形成了浮游有孔虫灰岩微相和浮游有孔虫灰岩包岩微相;第二个组合代表了深海环境,形成了灰岩泥岩微相。层序边界在层序底部和顶部的SB1面,而SB2面位于层序顶部(1),为上浅下深单元。层序(1)位于分隔白垩系与古近系的SB1面,形成了外陆架至上-中深盆,构成了BH.188井以泥岩微相为代表的浮游有孔虫灰岩微相海侵体系域TST加深-向上结束,最大泛水面MFS。其次是浮游有孔虫灰岩微相,代表高位体系域HST为SB2的浅水向上端。序列(2)以一个新的海侵体系域TST开始,该海侵体系域形成了外陆架,并以最大洪水面MFS为界。在Aaliji组和Jaddala组之间,以SB1结束的浅水向上的高点系统域HST。
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引用次数: 0
NEW RECORDS OF GASTROTRICHA FROM THE MAIN OUTFALL DRAIN, SOUTH OF BAGHDAD, IRAQ 伊拉克巴格达南部主要排水口胃吸虫新记录
Q4 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-06-20 DOI: 10.26842/binhm.7.2022.17.1.0115
Maysoon Hassan Meshjel
The current study is a taxonomic account of three gastrotrich species that belong to Chaetonotidae (Phylum Gastrotricha) namely Ichthydium auritum Brunson, 1950 Lepidodermella squamata (Dujardin, 1841) and Chaetonotus anomalus Brunson, 1950. These species are registered as a new record from Iraq and were collected from several locations along the main outfall drain (MOD) in south of Baghdad, from January to December 2020. The species described in this article were found to be related to Hydrilla and Ceratophyllum and prefer environments rich in detritus and decomposing organic matter. The worms preferred water that is salty, hard, alkaline, and had good oxygen content.
目前的研究是对属于绒螯蟹科(Gastrotrica门)的三种胃旋毛虫的分类学描述,即金鱼鳍藻Brunson,1950鳞翅目鳞翅目(Dujardin,1841)和无头绒螯蟹Brunson(1950)。这些物种被登记为伊拉克的新记录,于2020年1月至12月在巴格达南部主要排水口(MOD)沿线的几个地点采集。本文中描述的物种被发现与Hydrilla和Ceratophyllum有亲缘关系,更喜欢富含碎屑和分解有机物的环境。蠕虫喜欢含盐、坚硬、碱性且含氧量高的水。
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引用次数: 0
MORPHOLOGICAL, ANATOMICAL AND CHEMICAL STUDY OF AN EXOTIC PLANT JATROPHA INTEGERRIMA JACQ. 1763 (EUPHORBIACEAE) IN IRAQ 一种外来植物麻疯树的形态、解剖和化学研究。1763年(大戟科)在伊拉克
Q4 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-06-20 DOI: 10.26842/binhm.7.2022.17.1.0129
Zainab Abid Aun Ali, Hadeel M. Habeeb, Liqaa A. Jazaa
Jatropha L. is an exotic genus to Iraq and it has been cultivated in gardens for ornamental purposes because of the shiny red color of the flowers. The plant adapted to environmental conditions and succeeded in growing and blooming, which is why the species was interested to study. The species Jatropha integerrima Jacq. was examined and diagnosed for the first time in Iraq. Morphological and anatomical characteristics for leaves (considering that the variations are the most reliable and taxonomically important) were provided. The Phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenes, tannins and saponins. The qualitative analysis by TLC indicated the presence of alkaloids and flavonoid that was detected by special reagent and UV light, which included two orang spots of alkaloid with 0.71 and 0.63 Rf value one flavonoid yellow spot with 0.43 Rf value.
麻疯树属(Jatropha L.)是伊拉克的一个外来属,由于其花朵呈闪亮的红色,已被种植在花园中用于观赏。这种植物适应了环境条件,并成功地生长和开花,这就是该物种有兴趣研究的原因。该物种Jatropha integerima Jacq。首次在伊拉克接受检查并确诊。提供了叶片的形态和解剖特征(考虑到变异是最可靠和最重要的分类学特征)。植物化学筛选结果表明,该菌中含有生物碱、黄酮、萜烯、单宁和皂苷。薄层色谱定性分析表明,用专用试剂和紫外分光光度法检测到生物碱和类黄酮的存在,其中生物碱有两个桔黄色斑点,Rf值分别为0.71和0.63,类黄酮有一个黄色斑点,其Rf值为0.43。
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引用次数: 0
MORPHOLOGY AND MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF THE LARVAL STAGE OF TWO SPECIES FROM THE GENUS CHRYSOBOTHRIS ESCHSCHOLTZ, 1829 (COLEOPTERA, BUPRESTIDAE) 1829年金龟子属两种幼虫期的形态学和分子鉴定(鞘翅目,蟾蜍科)
Q4 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-20 DOI: 10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.4.0557
Pshtiwan A. Jalil, Wand K. Ali
The genus of Chrysobothris Eschscholtz, 1829 is one of the most diverse and widespread genera of the family Buprestidae of some 700 described species distributed throughout the world. In Iraq, particularly in the Kurdistan region, about 4 species had been recorded so far, many of these species are sympatric, share larval host plants, and are difficult to reliably separate morphologically. The current study investigates species limits and relationships among the recognized species occurring within the Erbil Province; mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase (COX I) molecular analysis confirmed the monophyly of two Chrysobothris species, Ch. affinis (Fabricius, 1794) and Ch. chrysostigma (Linnaeus, 1758). Implications of the resultant larval morphology and molecular techniques are discussed. Diagnostic characteristics that are depended to identifying the species within Chrysobothris in larval stage were illustrated and then compared with the molecular data.
Chrysobothris Eschscholtz属,1829年,是分布在世界各地的约700种蟾蜍科中最多样、分布最广的属之一。在伊拉克,特别是库尔德斯坦地区,到目前为止,已经记录了大约4个物种,其中许多物种是同域的,共享幼虫寄主植物,很难在形态学上可靠地分离。目前的研究调查了埃尔比勒省境内的物种限制和公认物种之间的关系;线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶(COX I)分子分析证实了两个金藻属物种Ch.affinis(Fabricius,1794)和Ch.chrysostaris(Linnaeus,1758)的单系性。讨论了由此产生的幼虫形态和分子技术的意义。说明了在幼虫期鉴定金龟子属物种的诊断特征,并与分子数据进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
NUMERICAL TAXONOMY OF GENUS FICUS L. 1753 (MORACEAE), WITH ADDITION NEW RECORD SPECIES TO EGYPT 无花果属的数量分类:1.1753(桑科),埃及新增记录种
Q4 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-20 DOI: 10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.4.0429
A. Soliman, Rim S. Hamdy, Riham Mahdy
The taxonomy of Ficus L., 1753 species is confusing because of the intense morphological variability and the ambiguity of the taxa. This study handled 36 macro-morphological characteristics to clarify the taxonomic identity of the taxa. The study revealed that Ficus is represented in the Egyptian gardens with forty-one taxa; 33 species, 4 subspecies and 4 varieties, and classified into five subgenera: Ficus Corner, 1960; Terega Raf., 1838; Sycomorus Raf., 1838; Synoecia (Miq.) Miq., 1867, and Spherosuke Raf.,1838; out of them seven were misidentified. Amongst, four new Ficus taxa were recently introduced to Egypt namely: F. lingua subsp. lingua Warb. ex De Wild. & T. Durand, 1901; F. pumila L., 1753; F. rumphii Blume, 1825, and F. sur Forssk., 1775. The application of the multivariate analyses in plant systematics namely the two-way clustering analysis and the principal component analysis revealed that the qualitative characters as the presence or absence of lateral peduncular or ostiolar bracts and the leaf margin delimit the differentiation of subgenera within genus Ficus. Whereas the qualitative characters of the leaf as leaf arrangement, lamina shape, length, ratio of length to width, base, apex, number of lateral veins, stipules and figs either pedunculate or sessile, shape, and width are significantly separating the species within the different sections. Seven different identification keys of the studied taxa based on the examined characters are provided. In addition, a diagrammatic key for all the studied taxa is given.
榕树(Ficus L., 1753)由于其形态差异大,分类模糊,导致分类混乱。本研究处理了36个宏观形态学特征,以澄清该分类群的分类特性。研究表明,无花果属植物在埃及园林中有41个分类群;33种4亚种4变种,分5个亚属:Ficus Corner, 1960;Terega皇家空军。, 1838;Sycomorus皇家空军。, 1838;Synoecia进行筛选)。进行筛选。(1867年)和Spherosuke Raf(1838年);其中7人被认错了。其中,新近引进埃及的榕属植物有4个新分类群,分别是:F. lingua subsp。混合卑鄙的人。前德·威尔德。& T. Durand, 1901;F. pumila L., 1753;F. rumphii Blume(1825)和F. sur Forssk。, 1775年。在植物分类学中应用多变量分析即双向聚类分析和主成分分析表明,榕属植物亚属的分化是以有无侧花序苞片或开口苞片、叶缘等定性特征为界限的。而叶片的排列、叶面形状、长度、长宽比、基部、先端、侧脉数量、托叶和无梗或有梗的榕果、形状和宽度等品质特征则显著地区分了不同剖面内的种。根据所研究的分类群的特征,给出了7种不同的识别关键。此外,还给出了所有研究类群的图解键。
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引用次数: 0
IMPACT OF THARTHAR ARM WATER ON COMPOSITION AND DIVERSITY OF COPEPODA IN TIGRIS RIVER, NORTH OF BAGHDAD CITY, IRAQ 伊拉克巴格达北部底格里斯河河水对桡足类组成和多样性的影响
Q4 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-20 DOI: 10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.4.0469
Osama S. Majeed, A. M. S. Al-Azawi, M. Nashaat
This study is considered to be the first on this sector of Tigris River after 2003, to evaluate the effect of Tharthar Arm on the composition and diversity of Copepoda in Tigris River. Six sampling sites were selected; two on the Tharthar Arm and four sites along the Tigris River, one before the confluence as a control site and the others downstream the confluence; thirty-five copepod taxa were recorded, 34 taxa in the Tigris River and 25 taxa in the Tharthar Arm. The highest density of Copepoda was 265584.2 Ind./m3 in the site 2 at Tharthar Arm lead to an increasing in Copepoda density in the Tigris River from 63878.2 Ind./m3 in site 1 before the confluence to 127198.3 Ind./m3 in site 4 immediately downstream the confluence. Also, the mean values of richness index and diversity index increased from 1.71 and 0.98 bit/Ind. in site 1 before the confluence to 2.08 and 1.00 bit/Ind. in site 4 below the confluence, respectively. Moreover, the highest similarity percentage was between sites 3 and 4 reached 87.83% while, the lowest percentage was between the sites 1 and 2 recorded 65.41%. For constancy index the highest value was 9 at the site 6 whereas the lowest value was 2 at site3.
这项研究被认为是2003年后首次对底格里斯河这一河段进行研究,以评估Tharthar Arm对底格里斯河桡足类组成和多样性的影响。选择了六个采样点;Tharthar Arm上的两个地点和底格里斯河沿岸的四个地点,一个在汇流点之前作为控制地点,另一个在交汇点下游;记录了35个桡足类类群,34个在底格里斯河,25个在塔尔臂。在Tharthar Arm的2号场地,桡足类的最高密度为265584.2 Ind./m3,导致底格里斯河的桡足类密度从汇流前1号场地的63878.2 Ind./m3增加到汇流后4号场地的127198.3 Ind./m3。丰富度指数和多样性指数的平均值分别从1.71和0.98bit/Ind增加。在汇合到2.08和1.00比特/Ind之前的位点1中。分别在汇合处下方的位置4中。此外,位点3和位点4之间的相似度最高,达到87.83%,位点1和位点2之间的相似度最低,达到65.41%。恒定性指数的最高值在位点6为9,而最低值在位点3为2。
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引用次数: 1
NEW RECORD OF THE GENUS LARRA FABRICIUS, 1793 (HYMENOPTERA, CRABRONIDAE) FROM VIETNAM 越南蛙属新记录,1793(膜翅目,蟹科)
Q4 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-20 DOI: 10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.4.0535
P. Pham, Hoa T. Dang
The genus Larra Fabricius, 1793 (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae) is recorded for the first time from Vietnam. Three species and two subspecies belonging to this genus as follows: L. amplipennis (F. Smith, 1873); L. carbonaria (F. Smith, 1858); L. fenchihuensis Tsuneki, 1967; L. polita polita (F. Smith, 1858) and L. polita luzonensis Rohwer, 1919 are presented. Keys to both sexes of the three species and two subspecies reported here are provided.
法氏Larra属,1793年(膜翅目:Crabronidae)首次记录于越南。属于本属的三个物种和两个亚种如下:L.amplifpennis(F.Smith,1873);L.carbonaria(F.Smith,1858);L.fenchihuensis Tsuneki,1967;L.polita polita(F.Smith,1858)和L.polita luzonensis Rohwer,1919。本文提供了三个物种和两个亚种的两性钥匙。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Bulletin of the Iraq Natural History Museum
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