Pub Date : 2021-12-20DOI: 10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.4.0571
H. Al-Saffar, R. S. Augul
This study included a survey and review of the scientific names of the marsh insects (aquatic and surrounding it) for the purpose of unifying and updating the database. The survey reveals 109 species under 77 genera that belong to 32 families and 7 orders as follow: Coleoptera (44 species), Diptera (7 species) Ephemeroptera (2 species), Hemiptera (14 species), Hymenoptera (11 species), Lepidoptera (2 species) and Odonata with 29 species. Information of specimens' collection for each species, synonyms and geographical distribution were provided.
{"title":"SURVEY OF INSECTS IN SOME SOUTHERN IRAQI MARSHES","authors":"H. Al-Saffar, R. S. Augul","doi":"10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.4.0571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.4.0571","url":null,"abstract":"This study included a survey and review of the scientific names of the marsh insects (aquatic and surrounding it) for the purpose of unifying and updating the database. The survey reveals 109 species under 77 genera that belong to 32 families and 7 orders as follow: Coleoptera (44 species), Diptera (7 species) Ephemeroptera (2 species), Hemiptera (14 species), Hymenoptera (11 species), Lepidoptera (2 species) and Odonata with 29 species. Information of specimens' collection for each species, synonyms and geographical distribution were provided.","PeriodicalId":37386,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Iraq Natural History Museum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41592701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-20DOI: 10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.4.0547
Surayyo Sh. Abdurasulova, А. Pazilov
The variability of Candaharia levanderi (Simroth, 1902)(Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Parmacellidae) in two biotopes (southern and northern slopes, the Kampirtepa gorges, the Kugitang Tau ridge) has been investigated using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the implementation of primers, the 18S DNA of the region is amplified, the variability (sharply differing in color) of two populations of C. levanderi is studied. The first population is in the suburbs of Namangan, (Namangan Region); the second population is in Kampirtepa gorges, Kugitang Tau ridge (Surkhandarya Region). It is established that, most often, the variability of morphological signs is observed on the coloration of mollusks. The development of body coloration is an adaptive feature that reflects the adaptability to certain biotopes on the one hand, and landscape and climatic conditions on the other.
{"title":"NATURE OF VARIABILITY OF CANDAHARIA LEVANDERI (SIMROTH, 1902) IN THE FERGHANA AND SURKHAN - SHERABAD VALLEYS, UZBEKISTAN","authors":"Surayyo Sh. Abdurasulova, А. Pazilov","doi":"10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.4.0547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.4.0547","url":null,"abstract":"The variability of Candaharia levanderi (Simroth, 1902)(Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Parmacellidae) in two biotopes (southern and northern slopes, the Kampirtepa gorges, the Kugitang Tau ridge) has been investigated using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the implementation of primers, the 18S DNA of the region is amplified, the variability (sharply differing in color) of two populations of C. levanderi is studied. The first population is in the suburbs of Namangan, (Namangan Region); the second population is in Kampirtepa gorges, Kugitang Tau ridge (Surkhandarya Region). It is established that, most often, the variability of morphological signs is observed on the coloration of mollusks. The development of body coloration is an adaptive feature that reflects the adaptability to certain biotopes on the one hand, and landscape and climatic conditions on the other.","PeriodicalId":37386,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Iraq Natural History Museum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41985589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-20DOI: 10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.4.0421
H. M. Jihad, H. Ali
In this study, the specimens of land snails Polygyra cereolus (Megerle von Mühlfeldt, 1818) (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Polygyridae) are collected between March and April 2021 from gardens and nurseries in Baghdad province, this species was recorded as a new record to Iraq molluscan fauna. Description of the most important characteristics, measurements of the shell are presented with digital photographs, subsequently this study represents the first record of the Polygyridae in Iraq.
在这项研究中，陆地蜗牛Polygyra cereolus（Megerle von Mühlfeldt，1818）（腹足目，Stylommatophora，Polygyridae）的标本于2021年3月至4月从巴格达省的花园和苗圃采集，该物种被记录为伊拉克软体动物的新记录。对最重要的特征进行了描述，并用数码照片对外壳进行了测量，随后这项研究代表了伊拉克Polygyridae的首次记录。
{"title":"NEW RECORD OF THE LAND SNAIL POLYGYRA CEREOLUS (MEGERLE VON MÜHLFELD, 1818) (GASTROPODA, STYLOMMATOPHORA, POLYGYRIDAE) FOR MALACOFAUNA OF IRAQ","authors":"H. M. Jihad, H. Ali","doi":"10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.4.0421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.4.0421","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the specimens of land snails Polygyra cereolus (Megerle von Mühlfeldt, 1818) (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Polygyridae) are collected between March and April 2021 from gardens and nurseries in Baghdad province, this species was recorded as a new record to Iraq molluscan fauna. Description of the most important characteristics, measurements of the shell are presented with digital photographs, subsequently this study represents the first record of the Polygyridae in Iraq.","PeriodicalId":37386,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Iraq Natural History Museum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41471315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-20DOI: 10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.3.0267
F. R. Hassan
A total of 47 species belonging to 46 genera, 34 subfamilies, 23 families and 7 orders of predator and parasitoid insects were collected and identified. The survey was conducted throughout the program held by the General Directorate of Agriculture-Duhok, in cooperating with the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences in Duhok Province, Kurdistan Region, Iraq from May 2013 to April 2014. The species hosts, collecting date, locality and distributions are given. The current checklist also included some species previously collected by other researchers in Duhok Province.
{"title":"SURVEY OF PREDATOR AND PARASITOID INSECTS IN DUHOK PROVINCE, KURDISTAN REGION, IRAQ","authors":"F. R. Hassan","doi":"10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.3.0267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.3.0267","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 47 species belonging to 46 genera, 34 subfamilies, 23 families and 7 orders of predator and parasitoid insects were collected and identified. The survey was conducted throughout the program held by the General Directorate of Agriculture-Duhok, in cooperating with the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences in Duhok Province, Kurdistan Region, Iraq from May 2013 to April 2014. The species hosts, collecting date, locality and distributions are given. The current checklist also included some species previously collected by other researchers in Duhok Province.","PeriodicalId":37386,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Iraq Natural History Museum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46331770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-20DOI: 10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.3.0389
G. A. A. Al-Yacoub, M. Al-Abbad, D. Kareem
Information on the scorpions' fauna of Iraq is limited especially in Thi Qar Province. The scorpion specimens of the present study were collected from the desert area which is located between the provinces of Thi Qar and Al-Muthana (Al-Kata'a region). The Scorpio kruglovi (Birula, 1910) redescribed in this study was found in this area.The diagnostic characters are given and the important features are figured.
{"title":"REDESCRIPTION OF SCORPIO KRUGLOVI (BIRULA, 1910) (SCORPIONES, SCORPIONIDAE) FROM THI QAR PROVINCE, SOUTH OF IRAQ","authors":"G. A. A. Al-Yacoub, M. Al-Abbad, D. Kareem","doi":"10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.3.0389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.3.0389","url":null,"abstract":"Information on the scorpions' fauna of Iraq is limited especially in Thi Qar Province. The scorpion specimens of the present study were collected from the desert area which is located between the provinces of Thi Qar and Al-Muthana (Al-Kata'a region). The Scorpio kruglovi (Birula, 1910) redescribed in this study was found in this area.The diagnostic characters are given and the important features are figured.","PeriodicalId":37386,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Iraq Natural History Museum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43249153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-20DOI: 10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.3.0341
Israa Sabah Al-Nuaimi, O. Al-Badrani
A detailed systematic study of calcareous nannofossils was carried out for the Jaddala Formation in (Aj-10) well, Central Iraq. Seventy one species belong to twenty four genera of calcareous nannofossils were identified including sixty two of them were previously named and nine species were identified for the first time and they would not be given names until more information is obtained in the future to support this identification. It is a recorded of five biostratigraphic zone, which suggested the age of the Jaddala Formation to be of early to late Eocene. The recorded biozone includes the following: Reticulofenestra dictyoda (Deflandre in Deflandre & Fert, 1954) Stradner & Edwards, 1968 Partial Range Biozone (CNE 5); Discoaster sublodoensis Bramlette and Sullivan, 1961 Interval biozone (CNE 6-7); Nannotetrina cristata (Martini, 1958) Perch-Nielsen, 1971 Interval biozone (CNE 8); Nannotetrina alata (Martini in Martini & Stradner, 1960) Haq and Lohmann, 1976 Interval biozone (CNE 9); Chiasmolithus gigas Bramlette & Sullivan, 1961Range Biozone (CNE 10-11).
对伊拉克中部（Aj-10）井Jaddala组的钙质超微化石进行了详细的系统研究。已鉴定出属于二十四属的71种钙质超微化石，其中六十二种是以前命名的，九种是首次鉴定的，在未来获得更多信息支持这一鉴定之前，不会给它们命名。它记录了五个生物地层带，表明贾达拉组的时代为始新世早期至晚期。记录的生物区包括以下内容：网状网栅生物区（Deflandre in Deflandre&Fert，1954）Stradner&Edwards，1968 Partial Range biozone（CNE 5）；Bramlette和Sullivan，1961 Interval biozone（CNE 6-7）；Crista Nannotetrina（Martini，1958）Perch Nielsen，1971 Interval biozone（CNE 8）；Nannotetrina alata（Martini in Martini&Stradner，1960）Haq和Lohmann，1976 Interval biozone（CNE 9）；Chiasmolithus gigas Bramlette&Sullivan，1961年，《生物区》（CNE 10-11）。
{"title":"CALCAREOUS NANNOFOSSILS BIOSTRATIGRAPHY OF JADDALA FORMATION IN WELL (AJEEL-10), CENTRAL IRAQ","authors":"Israa Sabah Al-Nuaimi, O. Al-Badrani","doi":"10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.3.0341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.3.0341","url":null,"abstract":"A detailed systematic study of calcareous nannofossils was carried out for the Jaddala Formation in (Aj-10) well, Central Iraq. Seventy one species belong to twenty four genera of calcareous nannofossils were identified including sixty two of them were previously named and nine species were identified for the first time and they would not be given names until more information is obtained in the future to support this identification. It is a recorded of five biostratigraphic zone, which suggested the age of the Jaddala Formation to be of early to late Eocene. The recorded biozone includes the following: Reticulofenestra dictyoda (Deflandre in Deflandre & Fert, 1954) Stradner & Edwards, 1968 Partial Range Biozone (CNE 5); Discoaster sublodoensis Bramlette and Sullivan, 1961 Interval biozone (CNE 6-7); Nannotetrina cristata (Martini, 1958) Perch-Nielsen, 1971 Interval biozone (CNE 8); Nannotetrina alata (Martini in Martini & Stradner, 1960) Haq and Lohmann, 1976 Interval biozone (CNE 9); Chiasmolithus gigas Bramlette & Sullivan, 1961Range Biozone (CNE 10-11).","PeriodicalId":37386,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Iraq Natural History Museum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48814026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-20DOI: 10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.3.0291
Ali Haloob, A. H. Al-Musawi, Harb Adeel
Spergularia iraqensis sp. nov. is described as a new species from Iraq. This species has been collected from Diyala Province in the central east of Iraq; it is closely related to Spergularia rubra (L.) J. Presl & C. Presl, 1819 and Spergularia bocconei (Scheele) Graebn., 1919. The distinguishing of the morphological characteristics of the new species alongside the two similar species are discussed with photographs, and an identification key is given for Spergularia iraqensis and other closely related species.
{"title":"SPERGULARIA IRAQENSIS (CARYOPHYLLACEAE), A NEW SPECIES FROM IRAQ","authors":"Ali Haloob, A. H. Al-Musawi, Harb Adeel","doi":"10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.3.0291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.3.0291","url":null,"abstract":"Spergularia iraqensis sp. nov. is described as a new species from Iraq. This species has been collected from Diyala Province in the central east of Iraq; it is closely related to Spergularia rubra (L.) J. Presl & C. Presl, 1819 and Spergularia bocconei (Scheele) Graebn., 1919. The distinguishing of the morphological characteristics of the new species alongside the two similar species are discussed with photographs, and an identification key is given for Spergularia iraqensis and other closely related species.","PeriodicalId":37386,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Iraq Natural History Museum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45077384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-20DOI: 10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.3.0231
A. A. A. Zubaidi, V. Sissakian, H. Jassim
Many stone tools were found on a hill south of the Hor Al-Dalmaj which is located in the central part of the alluvial plain of Mesopotamia, between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. The types of rocks from which the studied stone tools were made are not found in the alluvial plain, because it consists of friable sand, silt, and clay. All existing sediments were precipitated in riverine environments such as point bar, over bank, and floodplain sediments. The collected stone tools were described with a magnifying glass (10 x) and a polarized microscope after they were thin sectioned. Microscopic analysis showed that these stone tools are made of sedimentary, volcanic igneous and metamorphic rocks, such as: sandstones, limestones, chert, conglomerate, rhyolite, basalt, mica schist, and quartzite. The current studied stone tools were used by ancient humans as pestles, querns, scrapers, and knives. The present study showed that these tools were transported from outside the alluvial plain of Mesopotamia. A stone tool at the archaeological site of Al-Dalmaj indicates that there were some trade routes that connected this site with its surrounding; in addition to the economic, and that might occurred cultural exchanges during the Neolithic Period.
在Hor Al Dalmaj以南的一座小山上发现了许多石器，该山位于美索不达米亚冲积平原的中部，底格里斯河和幼发拉底河之间。在冲积平原中没有发现制造所研究的石器的岩石类型，因为它由易碎的沙子、淤泥和粘土组成。所有现有的沉积物都是在河流环境中沉淀的，如点坝、河岸和泛滥平原沉积物。将收集到的石器切成薄片后，用放大镜（10倍）和偏光显微镜对其进行描述。微观分析表明，这些石器由沉积岩、火山火成岩和变质岩组成，如：砂岩、石灰岩、燧石、砾岩、流纹岩、玄武岩、云母片岩和石英岩。目前研究的石器被古代人类用作杵、槲皮素、刮刀和刀具。目前的研究表明，这些工具是从美索不达米亚冲积平原以外运输来的。Al Dalmaj考古遗址的一件石器表明，有一些贸易路线将该遗址与其周围地区连接起来；除了经济上的交流，还有可能在新石器时代发生的文化交流。
{"title":"PETROLOGY AND PROVENANCE OF THE NATURAL STONE TOOLS FROM Al-DALMAJ ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE, MESOPOTAMIAN PLAIN, IRAQ","authors":"A. A. A. Zubaidi, V. Sissakian, H. Jassim","doi":"10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.3.0231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.3.0231","url":null,"abstract":"Many stone tools were found on a hill south of the Hor Al-Dalmaj which is located in the central part of the alluvial plain of Mesopotamia, between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. The types of rocks from which the studied stone tools were made are not found in the alluvial plain, because it consists of friable sand, silt, and clay. All existing sediments were precipitated in riverine environments such as point bar, over bank, and floodplain sediments. The collected stone tools were described with a magnifying glass (10 x) and a polarized microscope after they were thin sectioned. Microscopic analysis showed that these stone tools are made of sedimentary, volcanic igneous and metamorphic rocks, such as: sandstones, limestones, chert, conglomerate, rhyolite, basalt, mica schist, and quartzite. The current studied stone tools were used by ancient humans as pestles, querns, scrapers, and knives. The present study showed that these tools were transported from outside the alluvial plain of Mesopotamia. A stone tool at the archaeological site of Al-Dalmaj indicates that there were some trade routes that connected this site with its surrounding; in addition to the economic, and that might occurred cultural exchanges during the Neolithic Period.","PeriodicalId":37386,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Iraq Natural History Museum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42180561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-20DOI: 10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.3.0325
A. Pazilov, Farrukh U. Umarov
This study examines the species composition, biodiversity, zoogeography, and ecology of freshwater gastropods of 12 springs in Andijan region of Uzbekistan. The study used generally accepted malacological, faunistic, ecological, analytical, and statistical methods. As a result of research in the springs, 14 species of freshwater gastropods belonging to 2 subclasses, 5 families, and 10 genera were recorded. 7 of them are endemic to Central Asia. When indicators of biodiversity of mollusks were analyzed according to the Shannon index, it was found that the highest value was recorded in the springs besides the hills. According to the biotope of distribution and bioecological features, they were divided into cryophilic, phytophilic, pelophilic, and eurybiontic ecological groups. The mollusks, which are common in the springs, were divided into 3 groups according to their faunal similarity. The contribution of the Central Asian and European-Siberian species to the formation of the malacofauna in the springs of the Andijan region was significant.
{"title":"ON THE ECOLOGY AND SPECIES DIVERSITY OF THE FRESHWATER GASTROPODS OF SPRINGS IN ANDIJAN REGION, UZBEKISTAN","authors":"A. Pazilov, Farrukh U. Umarov","doi":"10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.3.0325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.3.0325","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the species composition, biodiversity, zoogeography, and ecology of freshwater gastropods of 12 springs in Andijan region of Uzbekistan. The study used generally accepted malacological, faunistic, ecological, analytical, and statistical methods. As a result of research in the springs, 14 species of freshwater gastropods belonging to 2 subclasses, 5 families, and 10 genera were recorded. 7 of them are endemic to Central Asia. When indicators of biodiversity of mollusks were analyzed according to the Shannon index, it was found that the highest value was recorded in the springs besides the hills. According to the biotope of distribution and bioecological features, they were divided into cryophilic, phytophilic, pelophilic, and eurybiontic ecological groups. The mollusks, which are common in the springs, were divided into 3 groups according to their faunal similarity. The contribution of the Central Asian and European-Siberian species to the formation of the malacofauna in the springs of the Andijan region was significant.","PeriodicalId":37386,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Iraq Natural History Museum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45706102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-20DOI: 10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.3.0359
N. Waly, H. Moustafa, Rim S. Hamdy, A. Soliman
A comparative investigation of the anatomical characters through a microscopical examination of the prepared transverse sections of the stem was carried out. Six plates with 32 photomicrographs were provided to convincingly show the considerable variations of anatomical characters within the nine examined species. The matrix of 18 anatomical characters which included nine quantitative and nine qualitative was applied for the clustering analysis (CA) followed by the principal component analysis (PCA) using the Multivariate Analysis of Ecological Data, PC-ORD. The results exhibited significant variations among the species resulting in the construction of an artificial key; this key accurately represents a sufficient tool to display the considerable variation among the recognized species prominently. The distinction between Terminalia L., 1767 species based on significant variations in the elements of stem anatomy; axial parenchyma and ray characteristics were considered as important parameters, while vessel diameter, fiber wall thickness, etc. were considered minor characters to differentiate between the studied species. The potential usefulness of the differentiation of these species properly maintains a profound efficiency in pharmaceutical and traditional medicine.
{"title":"MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS OF THE STEM ANATOMICAL CHARACTERS OF TERMINALIA L. (COMBRETACEAE) IN EGYPT","authors":"N. Waly, H. Moustafa, Rim S. Hamdy, A. Soliman","doi":"10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.3.0359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26842/binhm.7.2021.16.3.0359","url":null,"abstract":"A comparative investigation of the anatomical characters through a microscopical examination of the prepared transverse sections of the stem was carried out. Six plates with 32 photomicrographs were provided to convincingly show the considerable variations of anatomical characters within the nine examined species. The matrix of 18 anatomical characters which included nine quantitative and nine qualitative was applied for the clustering analysis (CA) followed by the principal component analysis (PCA) using the Multivariate Analysis of Ecological Data, PC-ORD. The results exhibited significant variations among the species resulting in the construction of an artificial key; this key accurately represents a sufficient tool to display the considerable variation among the recognized species prominently. The distinction between Terminalia L., 1767 species based on significant variations in the elements of stem anatomy; axial parenchyma and ray characteristics were considered as important parameters, while vessel diameter, fiber wall thickness, etc. were considered minor characters to differentiate between the studied species. The potential usefulness of the differentiation of these species properly maintains a profound efficiency in pharmaceutical and traditional medicine.","PeriodicalId":37386,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Iraq Natural History Museum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47261349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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