Medeniyet medical journal最新文献

The accumulation of lymphatic fluid in the abdomen is defined as chylous ascites. Different causes play a role in the etiology of the disease. Congenital anomalies are the most common cause in pediatric patients. A high protein, low fat diet rich in medium-chain fatty acids should be planned. The first-line treatment is dietary management and is total parenteral nutrition, and the first preferred medical agent is somatostatin. In patients who do not respond to standard treatments, surgical treatment or new limited alternative medical agents are applied. A six-month-old girl presented with a complaint of abdominal swelling was diagnosed with chylous acid. The patient was put on the standard nutritional therapy and somatostatin treatment but did not respond to these treatments. The chylous ascites was controlled with everolimus treatment.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the whole free mitochondria in type-2 diabetic buccal epithelial cells using a supravital stain called "Janus Green B" and assess their behavior after exposure to near infrared light. The researchers observed microscopic mitochondrial load and its intracellular spatial behavior after exposure to near-infrared rays, bridging the gap in understanding mitochondrial orientation in diseases like diabetes. The aim of this research was to find out the quantitative involvement and electrostatic intracellular spatial patterns of whole mitochondria in diabetes.

Methods: Exfoliated buccal cell wet mounts, supravitally stained using Janus green, and excited using infrared rays, were observed using an advanced bright field Axiocam microscope, and the images of whole mitochondria within the cells were photographed and analyzed using the ZEN 2.0 cell sense software. The migration patterns of mitochondria were observed.

Results: A quantitative decrease in mitochondria was noted in diabetic cells. Signatures of clumpy peripheral shifts in mitochondria were observed in diabetic buccal cells post radiation.

Conclusions: Advanced glycation end products of diabetes combined with oxidative stressors influenced the free mitochondria to clump peripherally and produce a characteristic signature. The decreased mitochondrial load contributed additional evidence to the reduced respiratory capacity of cells, which forced mitochondria to emit a detectable signature when irradiated.

Objective: In direct anterior approach (DAA) to the hip joint, the risk of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) injury is high. This study on cadavers aimed to identify variations in the anatomy and route of the LFCN and its relationship with the DAA.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted on 15 adult formalin-embalmed cadavers [8 males and 7 female (15 paired hips)]. The anterior superior iliac spine, pubic tubercle, and fibular head were used as anatomical reference points.

Results: All 30 portals were inserted completely without damage or complications at the anatomical sites. The mean age standard deviation was 72.0 (16.8) range: 26-91 years old. Nineteen nerves crossed the incision. The branching pattern of the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh below the inguinal ligament is predominantly fan type (12 nerves, 40.0%), followed by sartorius type (11 nerves, 37.0%), with a lower percentage being posterior type (7 nerves, 23.3%). The average distance from the initial point to the location where the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh crosses the surgical incision was 35.3 (16.4-62.9) mm, with a range of 2.3-92.2 mm.

Conclusions: The risk of LFCN injury was 50%. Understanding variations in the anatomy and route of the LFCN and its proximity to the incision of the DAA to the hip joint may reduce the risk of injury.

Objective: Cancer is a disease characterized by an unregulated division of abnormal cells in the body. The discovery of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes has paved the way for the targeted use of individual biomarkers and proteins in cancer therapy. The signaling pathways in cells are closely linked, and research into these connections would lead to more precise personalized treatments for cancer. An imbalance in the complement system is associated with the development and progression of cancer. Comparable variations in gene expression and common complement biomarkers in different cancer types are poorly understood. This study aims to gain insights into biomarkers linking the complement system to carcinogenesis.

Methods: Clinical and transcriptome data from the cancer genome atlas were used to analyze differentially expressed genes involved in the complement system in different cancer types. Various bioinformatics and machine learning techniques were used to suggest complement pathway-related carcinogenesis biomarkers.

Results: This study provides a comprehensive elucidation of component 7 (C7), complement factor-D (CFD), interleukin-11 (IL11), apolipoprotein C1 (APOC1), and integrin binding sialic acid protein (IBSP) proteins as common biomarkers associated with the complement system in cancer and highlights the diagnostic and prognostic potential of these biomarkers.

Conclusions: These biomarkers would pave the way for targeted cancer treatments in the context of precision medicine.

Objective: Aging is a degenerative process. Therefore, the background of our study is to evaluate the effects of boron, one of the important underground resources in Türkiye, on aging and related diseases. This study aimed to assess the antioxidant effect and the cognitive functions of boric acid (BA) in a D-galactose (D-gal)-induced aging model.

Methods: Eight male Wistar rats, each 12 weeks old, were split into four groups at random: control, D-gal, BA and D-gal+BA. An experimental aging model was induced by a single subcutaneous injection of D-gal (150 mg/kg/day), and BA (100 mg/kg/day) was administered by oral gavage for 12 weeks. The novel object recognition test (NORT) and Morris water maze (MWM) were used to evaluate the cognitive ability of rats.

Results: At the end of the experimental period, glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were assessed in serum and brain tissue. The treatment of D-gal induced aging rats with BA significantly decreased the MDA level (p<0.05) and increased the GSH level, although the increase was not significant. Moreover, NORT and MWM tests showed that BA significantly improved (p<0.05) cognitive deficits in D-Gal + BA treated rats.

Conclusions: BA prevents D-gal-induced memory deficit by decreasing oxidative stress. Hence, BA was a good candidate for addressing age-related neurodegenerative disorders and cognitive function improvements.

Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a vascular neoplasm caused by human herpes virus-8 and is commonly associated with immunocompromised states such as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. While ocular involvement is rare and typically occurs in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients, it can exceptionally present in HIV-negative, immunocompetent individuals. This report presents two cases of conjunctival KS: One in an HIV-positive patient and another in an HIV-negative patient. The patients were diagnosed and followed up at Istanbul Medeniyet University Göztepe Prof. Dr. Süleyman Yalçın City Hospital. Written informed consent was obtained from the patients for the preparation of this case report. A 35-year-old HIV-positive male with a history of cutaneous and genital KS presented with a painless, reddish, hemorrhagic mass on the left inferior fornix and a firm mass on the lower eyelid. Surgical excision with adjuvant cryotherapy and amniotic membrane transplantation was performed. One year postoperatively, no recurrence or new lesions were observed. A 76-year-old immunocompetent female presented with a painless, progressively enlarging mass in the left inferior fornix. She underwent surgical excision, adjuvant cryotherapy, and amniotic membrane transplantation. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of KS, and at the 1-year follow-up, no recurrence or new lesions were observed. Ocular KS, though rare, can occur in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals. This report highlights the importance of considering KS in the differential diagnosis of subconjunctival hemorrhage, even in patients without underlying immunosuppressive conditions. Both cases were successfully managed with surgical excision, adjuvant cryotherapy, and amniotic membrane transplantation, with no recurrence during follow-up.