Sudden cardiac arrest in an apparently healthy patient is an uncommon and distressing experience for clinicians, and a prompt response improves outcome. A previously undiagnosed underlying cardiac anomaly places patients at risk of intraoperative critical incidents that could be fatal. We herein report a rare case of anomalous coronary arteries in a previously asymptomatic 25-year- old male who was rescheduled for a non-cardiac surgery after two previous episodes of intraoperative cardiac arrests.
{"title":"Intraoperative cardiac arrest: a rare case of anomalous coronary arteries in a previously apparently healthy young man","authors":"Dalhat Salahu, M. Ahmad, Atiku Mamuda","doi":"10.4314/aas.v19i4.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/aas.v19i4.10","url":null,"abstract":"Sudden cardiac arrest in an apparently healthy patient is an uncommon and distressing experience for clinicians, and a prompt response improves outcome. A previously undiagnosed underlying cardiac anomaly places patients at risk of intraoperative critical incidents that could be fatal. We herein report a rare case of anomalous coronary arteries in a previously asymptomatic 25-year- old male who was rescheduled for a non-cardiac surgery after two previous episodes of intraoperative cardiac arrests.","PeriodicalId":37442,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Surgery","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76162958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joel Olayiwola Faonbi, Dorcas Ayobami Akinlose, Bolaji Agboola, C. Mbada
Background: It is postulated that osteoarthritis (OA) patients' health-seeking behavior depends largely on the disease severity and loss of function. Objective: This study aimed to assess the pain characteristics, activity limitations, and health-seeking behaviors of older adults with OA in Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 230 purposively selected community-dwelling older adults in a semi-urban setting in Nigeria. Pain characteristics, activity limitations, and health-seeking behavior were assessed by an interviewer using the Chronic Pain Grade Scale, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index, and Health-Care Seeking Behaviour Questionnaire, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (chi-square and multiple regression) to predict factors influencing health-seeking behavior, and we set the alpha level at p<0.05. Results: Pain at the knee (73.0%) was the most defining feature of OA, and it was typically severe (59.1%), frequent (51.3%), felt deep in the bone (47.0%), and associated with morning stiffness (27.4%). OA led to severe activity limitation (54.3%), and 51.7% of the respondents had an overall negative health-seeking behavior. Furthermore, activity limitation was significantly associated with religion (p=0.008) and pain severity (p=0.001). Similarly, the age (p=022), sex (p=0.006), marital status (p=0.005), and ethnicity (p=0.018) were significantly associated with health-seeking behavior. In addition, health-seeking behavior was predicted by cost, preference, ethnicity, employment, marital status, and limitation inactivity. Conclusion: OA pain is prevalent among community-dwelling older adults, it imposes a severe limitation on activities of daily living, and sociodemographic factors influenced the health-seeking behaviors of patients with OA.
{"title":"Pain characteristics, activity limitation and their influence on health-seeking behaviours of community-dwelling older adults with osteoarthritis in Nigeria","authors":"Joel Olayiwola Faonbi, Dorcas Ayobami Akinlose, Bolaji Agboola, C. Mbada","doi":"10.4314/aas.v19i1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/aas.v19i1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Background: It is postulated that osteoarthritis (OA) patients' health-seeking behavior depends largely on the disease severity and loss of function. Objective: This study aimed to assess the pain characteristics, activity limitations, and health-seeking behaviors of older adults with OA in Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 230 purposively selected community-dwelling older adults in a semi-urban setting in Nigeria. Pain characteristics, activity limitations, and health-seeking behavior were assessed by an interviewer using the Chronic Pain Grade Scale, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index, and Health-Care Seeking Behaviour Questionnaire, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (chi-square and multiple regression) to predict factors influencing health-seeking behavior, and we set the alpha level at p<0.05. Results: Pain at the knee (73.0%) was the most defining feature of OA, and it was typically severe (59.1%), frequent (51.3%), felt deep in the bone (47.0%), and associated with morning stiffness (27.4%). OA led to severe activity limitation (54.3%), and 51.7% of the respondents had an overall negative health-seeking behavior. Furthermore, activity limitation was significantly associated with religion (p=0.008) and pain severity (p=0.001). Similarly, the age (p=022), sex (p=0.006), marital status (p=0.005), and ethnicity (p=0.018) were significantly associated with health-seeking behavior. In addition, health-seeking behavior was predicted by cost, preference, ethnicity, employment, marital status, and limitation inactivity. Conclusion: OA pain is prevalent among community-dwelling older adults, it imposes a severe limitation on activities of daily living, and sociodemographic factors influenced the health-seeking behaviors of patients with OA.","PeriodicalId":37442,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Surgery","volume":"330 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80475670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The West African subregion has a high number of cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and this is partly because of a lack of expertise and health infrastructure for the delivery of effective locoregional therapies for patients who present with early disease. This report documents the successful treatment of a case of early HCC in a Nigerian patient using a combination of transarterial chemoembolization and microwave ablation techniques. We showed that, despite difficulties, such techniques are possible. It is our hope that this publication will help stimulate discussion, policy changes, and other alterations necessary to establish beneficial high-end techniques for the alleviation of the health burden of HCC patients in Nigeria.
{"title":"Transarterial chemoembolization and microwave ablation for early hepatocellular carcinoma in a Nigerian","authors":"N. Hammed, Oluyemi Aderemi, Balogun Babatunde","doi":"10.4314/aas.v19i1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/aas.v19i1.11","url":null,"abstract":"The West African subregion has a high number of cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and this is partly because of a lack of expertise and health infrastructure for the delivery of effective locoregional therapies for patients who present with early disease. This report documents the successful treatment of a case of early HCC in a Nigerian patient using a combination of transarterial chemoembolization and microwave ablation techniques. We showed that, despite difficulties, such techniques are possible. It is our hope that this publication will help stimulate discussion, policy changes, and other alterations necessary to establish beneficial high-end techniques for the alleviation of the health burden of HCC patients in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":37442,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Surgery","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86204843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome is a congenital disease that is rare and has low prevalence worldwide. It presents classically with features of macroglossia, abdominal wall defects (omphalocele), and macrosomia at birth. Other typical manifestations include facial nevus simplex, ear lobe abnormalities (creases and/or pits), transient hypoglycemia, and renal abnormalities seen on ultrasound. We report a case of a female preterm infant of twin gestation presenting at our level 4 hospital’s newborn unit with typical features of the syndrome. We aimed to create further awareness on the diagnosis in secondary health institutions and management of common features and complications of the syndrome. There is a paucity of pictorial evidence of morphology and literature related to the syndrome in an African child and this case report aims to improve that. No case has been previously reported in the Kenyan setting.
{"title":"Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome in a premature dizygotic female twin: a case report","authors":"George Otieno Nyakiti, Brian Odhiambo Ooro","doi":"10.4314/aas.v19i1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/aas.v19i1.9","url":null,"abstract":"Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome is a congenital disease that is rare and has low prevalence worldwide. It presents classically with features of macroglossia, abdominal wall defects (omphalocele), and macrosomia at birth. Other typical manifestations include facial nevus simplex, ear lobe abnormalities (creases and/or pits), transient hypoglycemia, and renal abnormalities seen on ultrasound. We report a case of a female preterm infant of twin gestation presenting at our level 4 hospital’s newborn unit with typical features of the syndrome. We aimed to create further awareness on the diagnosis in secondary health institutions and management of common features and complications of the syndrome. There is a paucity of pictorial evidence of morphology and literature related to the syndrome in an African child and this case report aims to improve that. No case has been previously reported in the Kenyan setting.","PeriodicalId":37442,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Surgery","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79853771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdominal apoplexy, or idiopathic spontaneous intraperitoneal hemorrhage (ISIH), is a rare but often fatal condition resulting from a variety of disease processes affecting abdominal vasculature. A 30-year-old woman presented with acute abdominal pain and breathlessness and was in class II hypovolemic shock. She had a history of multiple episodes of retching with non-bilious vomiting prior to that. Computed tomography (CT) reported a non-rotation of the gut, gross intraperitoneal free fluid with debris, and possible perforated appendicitis. Laparoscopy revealed a gross hemoperitoneum of 2.5 L, with bowel findings consistent with non-rotation of the gut, but technical difficulty in identifying the source of bleeding led to conversion to laparotomy. A ruptured short gastric artery was ascertained to be the source of bleeding and was successfully ligated. A retrospective review of the preoperative CT showed intraperitoneal free fluid with Hounsfield unit measurements of 48 and 52, suggestive of acute hemoperitoneum. ISIH is often a delayed diagnosis or missed diagnosis due to its low incidence. The presence of vomiting and abdominal pain with hypovolemic shock, especially in a young individual, should raise the suspicion of ISIH, which can be confirmed via early CT imaging to facilitate achieving hemostasis during surgery.
{"title":"Abdominal apoplexy: rupture of short gastric artery after retching","authors":"Theiyallen Ambikapathi, S. Subramaniam, F. Hayati","doi":"10.4314/aas.v19i1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/aas.v19i1.10","url":null,"abstract":"Abdominal apoplexy, or idiopathic spontaneous intraperitoneal hemorrhage (ISIH), is a rare but often fatal condition resulting from a variety of disease processes affecting abdominal vasculature. A 30-year-old woman presented with acute abdominal pain and breathlessness and was in class II hypovolemic shock. She had a history of multiple episodes of retching with non-bilious vomiting prior to that. Computed tomography (CT) reported a non-rotation of the gut, gross intraperitoneal free fluid with debris, and possible perforated appendicitis. Laparoscopy revealed a gross hemoperitoneum of 2.5 L, with bowel findings consistent with non-rotation of the gut, but technical difficulty in identifying the source of bleeding led to conversion to laparotomy. A ruptured short gastric artery was ascertained to be the source of bleeding and was successfully ligated. A retrospective review of the preoperative CT showed intraperitoneal free fluid with Hounsfield unit measurements of 48 and 52, suggestive of acute hemoperitoneum. ISIH is often a delayed diagnosis or missed diagnosis due to its low incidence. The presence of vomiting and abdominal pain with hypovolemic shock, especially in a young individual, should raise the suspicion of ISIH, which can be confirmed via early CT imaging to facilitate achieving hemostasis during surgery.","PeriodicalId":37442,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Surgery","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83728762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Mortality studies inform hospital disease trends and predict possible poor outcome. This study aimed to establish mortality trends over the last 5 years and the associated risk factors at the Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) surgical operating theaters and to establish the completeness of surgical safety checklist. Methods: In this analytical retrospective study, study population was 94,820 patients operated between January 2015 and December 2019 and a sample of all 145 patients who died intraoperatively. Sampling was done by census. Data were extracted from available 118 deceased patients’ records and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25. Results: Theater mortality rate was 0.153%. Sex-specific mortality rate was higher in males than in females (23.7 and 7.4 per 10,000, respectively). The mortality rate slowly declined over the period. The risk of death in theater was higher in neonates and in patients older than 80 years (54.3 and 39.2 per 10,000, respectively), emergency patients, and general anesthesia (p<0.001). The risk of death in theater increased with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class and was higher in surgeries conducted off working hours (p<0.001). The surgical safety checklist was fully filled in 39.0% cases. Conclusion: Theater mortality trend was declining. Risk factors included extremes of age, sex, emergency surgery, increasing ASA class, and off working hours. Advocacy for use of a surgical safety checklist is needed.
{"title":"Mortality trends at the Kenyatta National Hospital surgical operating theaters: a 5-year retrospective study","authors":"N. Kituu, S. K. Omundi, T. Chokwe","doi":"10.4314/aas.v19i1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/aas.v19i1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mortality studies inform hospital disease trends and predict possible poor outcome. This study aimed to establish mortality trends over the last 5 years and the associated risk factors at the Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) surgical operating theaters and to establish the completeness of surgical safety checklist. Methods: In this analytical retrospective study, study population was 94,820 patients operated between January 2015 and December 2019 and a sample of all 145 patients who died intraoperatively. Sampling was done by census. Data were extracted from available 118 deceased patients’ records and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25. Results: Theater mortality rate was 0.153%. Sex-specific mortality rate was higher in males than in females (23.7 and 7.4 per 10,000, respectively). The mortality rate slowly declined over the period. The risk of death in theater was higher in neonates and in patients older than 80 years (54.3 and 39.2 per 10,000, respectively), emergency patients, and general anesthesia (p<0.001). The risk of death in theater increased with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class and was higher in surgeries conducted off working hours (p<0.001). The surgical safety checklist was fully filled in 39.0% cases. Conclusion: Theater mortality trend was declining. Risk factors included extremes of age, sex, emergency surgery, increasing ASA class, and off working hours. Advocacy for use of a surgical safety checklist is needed.","PeriodicalId":37442,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Surgery","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79133535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mesenteric cysts are rare intra-abdominal masses that usually remain asymptomatic and present incidentally on radiological imaging. As the incidence is low, with paucity of data, careful pre-operative assessment and execution of surgical procedure often present a challenge to the treating clinician. A 7-year-old female child presented with gradual distention of abdomen and dull abdominal ache. On clinical examination, a huge mass measuring 1812 cm was detected in the lower abdomen. On radiological imaging, a diagnosis of mesenteric cyst was made. Intra-operative findings were consistent with mesenteric cyst, and complete surgical excision was carried out by laparotomy. The histopathology report revealed a chylo-lymphatic type of mesenteric cyst. Huge, benign abdominal masses in pediatric patient may represent mesenteric cysts, and the diagnosis can be confirmed by radiological imaging modalities such as abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography. Complete surgical removal of the cyst remains the treatment of choice, as the literature is against marsupialization or aspiration of cyst owing to a higher chance of infection and morbidity.
{"title":"Chylo-lymphatic mesenteric cyst in a 7-year-old","authors":"D. Saxena","doi":"10.4314/aas.v19i1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/aas.v19i1.12","url":null,"abstract":"Mesenteric cysts are rare intra-abdominal masses that usually remain asymptomatic and present incidentally on radiological imaging. As the incidence is low, with paucity of data, careful pre-operative assessment and execution of surgical procedure often present a challenge to the treating clinician. A 7-year-old female child presented with gradual distention of abdomen and dull abdominal ache. On clinical examination, a huge mass measuring 1812 cm was detected in the lower abdomen. On radiological imaging, a diagnosis of mesenteric cyst was made. Intra-operative findings were consistent with mesenteric cyst, and complete surgical excision was carried out by laparotomy. The histopathology report revealed a chylo-lymphatic type of mesenteric cyst. Huge, benign abdominal masses in pediatric patient may represent mesenteric cysts, and the diagnosis can be confirmed by radiological imaging modalities such as abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography. Complete surgical removal of the cyst remains the treatment of choice, as the literature is against marsupialization or aspiration of cyst owing to a higher chance of infection and morbidity.","PeriodicalId":37442,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Surgery","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87275623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Chebil, S. Sahli, F. Fitouri, S. Houidi, A. Zouaoui, Y. Houas, Y. Kerkeni, R. Jouini
Background: Hydatidosis is a major health problem is many countries. It is a parasitic disease that can affect adults as well as children. Hydatid cyst often involves the lungs in children. Given the anatomical and physiological differences between children and adults, generalization from adult studies is inappropriate. Methods: To determine particularities of lung echinococcosis in children, we conducted a retrospective study of all cases treated for hydatid cyst of the lung at our department. Results: One hundred fifteen children (average age, 7 years 6 months; range, 3–15 years) were managed for pulmonary hydatid cyst, which corresponds to 66% of all hydatid localizations. Male predominance was noted (sex ratio=1.94). Cough (60.9%) and chest pain (59.1%) were the most common clinical features. Fever and fatigue were noted in 57 (49.5%) and 34 (29.5%) cases, respectively. Giant cysts were seen in 11 patients (10%). The cysts were mostlydiagnosed when they are intact (68.7%). Mixed hepatic and pulmonary cysts were noted in 27 cases (4.25%). Conservative muscle-sparing surgery was performed in all cases. Complications were noted in 20% of the cases. Conclusion: As hydatidosis has a different pattern in children, optimal management requires a better knowledge of its particularities in this age group.
{"title":"Pulmonary hydatidosis in children: a different pattern from adults?","authors":"N. Chebil, S. Sahli, F. Fitouri, S. Houidi, A. Zouaoui, Y. Houas, Y. Kerkeni, R. Jouini","doi":"10.4314/aas.v19i1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/aas.v19i1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hydatidosis is a major health problem is many countries. It is a parasitic disease that can affect adults as well as children. Hydatid cyst often involves the lungs in children. Given the anatomical and physiological differences between children and adults, generalization from adult studies is inappropriate. Methods: To determine particularities of lung echinococcosis in children, we conducted a retrospective study of all cases treated for hydatid cyst of the lung at our department. Results: One hundred fifteen children (average age, 7 years 6 months; range, 3–15 years) were managed for pulmonary hydatid cyst, which corresponds to 66% of all hydatid localizations. Male predominance was noted (sex ratio=1.94). Cough (60.9%) and chest pain (59.1%) were the most common clinical features. Fever and fatigue were noted in 57 (49.5%) and 34 (29.5%) cases, respectively. Giant cysts were seen in 11 patients (10%). The cysts were mostlydiagnosed when they are intact (68.7%). Mixed hepatic and pulmonary cysts were noted in 27 cases (4.25%). Conservative muscle-sparing surgery was performed in all cases. Complications were noted in 20% of the cases. Conclusion: As hydatidosis has a different pattern in children, optimal management requires a better knowledge of its particularities in this age group.","PeriodicalId":37442,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Surgery","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88082686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gloria Kabare, Nikita Muthuuri, Krishan Sarna, Fidel Gwala, T. Amuti, B. Olabu, M. Obimbo, J. Ogeng’o
Background: E-learning is important in improving access to quality health sciences education. This study aimed to determine the perspectives of Kenyan health science students toward e-learning in a bid to enhance effective learning during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study targeted 294 Kenyan health science students. Approval was obtained from the Kenyatta National Hospital–University of Nairobi Ethics Research Committee, and informed consent was obtained from participants. Data were collected using Google Forms and analyzed using SPSS version 27.0. A p value ≤0.05 was considered significant at 95% confidence interval. Results: Most students had good knowledge of online learning; 74.9% reported having received training on the same by their universities and 74.5% further reported to have taken tests on the same. Almost half (45.5%) were knowledgeable of the use of the internet to access materials. Most (79.6%) portrayed a positive attitude toward online learning, agreeing to its use as an integral part of learning. However, 70.2% noted a decrease in concentration and changes in reading habits (44.7%). Regarding challenges faced, unreliable internet connection (56.9%) and lack of motivation (73.7%) were common. Conclusion: The majority of the Kenyan health science students portrayed good knowledge, attitude, and practice toward e-learning amidst challenges.
{"title":"Perception and challenges of health science students toward e-learning in a Sub-Saharan African country: a multi-institutional study","authors":"Gloria Kabare, Nikita Muthuuri, Krishan Sarna, Fidel Gwala, T. Amuti, B. Olabu, M. Obimbo, J. Ogeng’o","doi":"10.4314/aas.v19i1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/aas.v19i1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Background: E-learning is important in improving access to quality health sciences education. This study aimed to determine the perspectives of Kenyan health science students toward e-learning in a bid to enhance effective learning during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study targeted 294 Kenyan health science students. Approval was obtained from the Kenyatta National Hospital–University of Nairobi Ethics Research Committee, and informed consent was obtained from participants. Data were collected using Google Forms and analyzed using SPSS version 27.0. A p value ≤0.05 was considered significant at 95% confidence interval. Results: Most students had good knowledge of online learning; 74.9% reported having received training on the same by their universities and 74.5% further reported to have taken tests on the same. Almost half (45.5%) were knowledgeable of the use of the internet to access materials. Most (79.6%) portrayed a positive attitude toward online learning, agreeing to its use as an integral part of learning. However, 70.2% noted a decrease in concentration and changes in reading habits (44.7%). Regarding challenges faced, unreliable internet connection (56.9%) and lack of motivation (73.7%) were common. Conclusion: The majority of the Kenyan health science students portrayed good knowledge, attitude, and practice toward e-learning amidst challenges.","PeriodicalId":37442,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Surgery","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79634941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Odeghe, O. Adeniyi, A. Oluyemi, V. N. Nwude, S. Keshinro
Background: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a common indication for endoscopy. We aimed to describe the endoscopic findings in patients referred to our center with UGIB. Methods: This was a singlecenter retrospective study of the endoscopic findings in patients with UGIB between August 1, 2017, and April 30, 2019, in Lagos, Nigeria. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0.Results: Eight hundred thirty-two patients underwent endoscopy, of which 129 (16%) were for UGIB, which occurred twice as frequently in males. Melena was the most frequent presentation. Endoscopic abnormalities including gastric/duodenal peptic ulcers (39%),gastroduodenal erosions (36%), and varices (12%), were identified in 83% of the participants. Most ulcers were ow risk. Conclusion: Patients presenting to our center with UGIB commonly have gastric/duodenal peptic ulcers or gastroduodenal erosions.
背景:上消化道出血(UGIB)是内镜检查的常见适应症。我们的目的是描述转介到我们中心的UGIB患者的内镜检查结果。方法:对2017年8月1日至2019年4月30日尼日利亚拉各斯UGIB患者的内镜检查结果进行单中心回顾性研究。数据分析使用Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0。结果:832例患者行内窥镜检查，其中UGIB 129例(16%)，男性发生率为UGIB的两倍。Melena是最常出现的。内镜异常包括胃/十二指肠消化性溃疡(39%)、胃十二指肠糜烂(36%)和静脉曲张(12%)，在83%的参与者中被发现。大多数溃疡的风险较低。结论:来我院就诊的UGIB患者通常伴有胃/十二指肠消化性溃疡或胃十二指肠糜烂。
{"title":"Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in a Nigerian diagnostic center: a retrospective study of endoscopic records","authors":"E. Odeghe, O. Adeniyi, A. Oluyemi, V. N. Nwude, S. Keshinro","doi":"10.4314/aas.v19i1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/aas.v19i1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a common indication for endoscopy. We aimed to describe the endoscopic findings in patients referred to our center with UGIB. Methods: This was a singlecenter retrospective study of the endoscopic findings in patients with UGIB between August 1, 2017, and April 30, 2019, in Lagos, Nigeria. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0.Results: Eight hundred thirty-two patients underwent endoscopy, of which 129 (16%) were for UGIB, which occurred twice as frequently in males. Melena was the most frequent presentation. Endoscopic abnormalities including gastric/duodenal peptic ulcers (39%),gastroduodenal erosions (36%), and varices (12%), were identified in 83% of the participants. Most ulcers were ow risk. Conclusion: Patients presenting to our center with UGIB commonly have gastric/duodenal peptic ulcers or gastroduodenal erosions.","PeriodicalId":37442,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Surgery","volume":"206 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77056958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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