Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.24193/contrib.bot.57.10
R. Carpa, Alexei Remizovschi, R. Burtescu, Carla Andreea Culda, M. Kryvtsova, Y. Hasynets, A. Butiuc-Keul, C. Dobrotă, A. Farkas, N. Oláh
The species Salix alba L. and Salix purpurea L. are medicinal herbs, frequently used in the pharmaceutical industry. This study performs phytochemical and antibacterial analysis of ethanolic extracts from the bark of these two species. The qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyses were performed by thin-layer chromatography identifying the salicin and salicylic acid; the salicin content was assessed by high performance liquid chromatography. The bark extracts yielded 4.300 μg/ml-1 salicin for Salix alba and 1.167 μg/ml-1 salicin for Salix purpurea. The plant extracts were tested on Gram negative and positive bacteria (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus). Both tested strains showed a mild resistance, but S. aureus showed slightly higher inhibition by all extract samples.
{"title":"SALICIN CONTENT FROM SALIX ALBA L. AND SALIX PURPUREA L. EXTRACTS AND ITS ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECTS","authors":"R. Carpa, Alexei Remizovschi, R. Burtescu, Carla Andreea Culda, M. Kryvtsova, Y. Hasynets, A. Butiuc-Keul, C. Dobrotă, A. Farkas, N. Oláh","doi":"10.24193/contrib.bot.57.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/contrib.bot.57.10","url":null,"abstract":"The species Salix alba L. and Salix purpurea L. are medicinal herbs, frequently used in the pharmaceutical industry. This study performs phytochemical and antibacterial analysis of ethanolic extracts from the bark of these two species. The qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyses were performed by thin-layer chromatography identifying the salicin and salicylic acid; the salicin content was assessed by high performance liquid chromatography. The bark extracts yielded 4.300 μg/ml-1 salicin for Salix alba and 1.167 μg/ml-1 salicin for Salix purpurea. The plant extracts were tested on Gram negative and positive bacteria (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus). Both tested strains showed a mild resistance, but S. aureus showed slightly higher inhibition by all extract samples.","PeriodicalId":37521,"journal":{"name":"Contributii Botanice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48591803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.24193/contrib.bot.57.4
A. Stoica, M. Ciobanu, G. Coldea
Oligotrophic peat bogs reach the southern boundary of their European distribution area in the Romanian Carpathians. They shelter boreal species considered glacial relicts, surviving from the Würmian III period. Such areas (habitats) conserving relict species have major phytohistorical importance. They provide insights into the history of forest vegetation in the region and past climatic conditions. Based on floristic, phytocoenological and phytogeographical data, we propose to include two active raised bogs, namely “Calul de Piatră” and “Izvorul văii Șoimului” in the ROSCI0116 Molhașurile Căpățânei site of community interest. The inclusion of the two bogs in the ROSCI0116 Molhașurile Căpățânei protected area will increase the peat bog surface in the Apuseni Mountains and will be beneficial for the conservation of the wetland habitats and their typical flora, both very vulnerable to natural and anthropogenic disturbances.
低营养泥炭沼泽在罗马尼亚喀尔巴阡山脉到达其欧洲分布区域的南部边界。它们庇护着被认为是冰川遗迹的北方物种，这些物种从 rmian III时期幸存下来。这类地区(生境)保护残遗物种具有重要的植物历史意义。它们提供了对该地区森林植被历史和过去气候条件的深入了解。基于植物区系学、植物群落学和植物地理学的数据，我们建议在社区感兴趣的ROSCI0116 Molhașurile Căpățânei站点中包括两个活跃的饲养沼泽，即“Calul de piatrei”和“Izvorul vii Șoimului”。将这两个沼泽纳入ROSCI0116 Molhașurile Căpățânei保护区将增加Apuseni山脉的泥炭沼泽面积，并将有利于保护湿地栖息地及其典型植物群，它们都非常容易受到自然和人为干扰。
{"title":"PROPOSAL FOR THE INCLUSION OF TWO ACTIVE RAISED BOGS IN THE ROSCI0116 MOLHAȘURILE CĂPĂȚÂNEI PROTECTED AREA OF COMMUNITY INTEREST","authors":"A. Stoica, M. Ciobanu, G. Coldea","doi":"10.24193/contrib.bot.57.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/contrib.bot.57.4","url":null,"abstract":"Oligotrophic peat bogs reach the southern boundary of their European distribution area in the Romanian Carpathians. They shelter boreal species considered glacial relicts, surviving from the Würmian III period. Such areas (habitats) conserving relict species have major phytohistorical importance. They provide insights into the history of forest vegetation in the region and past climatic conditions. Based on floristic, phytocoenological and phytogeographical data, we propose to include two active raised bogs, namely “Calul de Piatră” and “Izvorul văii Șoimului” in the ROSCI0116 Molhașurile Căpățânei site of community interest. The inclusion of the two bogs in the ROSCI0116 Molhașurile Căpățânei protected area will increase the peat bog surface in the Apuseni Mountains and will be beneficial for the conservation of the wetland habitats and their typical flora, both very vulnerable to natural and anthropogenic disturbances.","PeriodicalId":37521,"journal":{"name":"Contributii Botanice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69191515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.24193/contrib.bot.57.5
G. Coldea, M. Ciobanu, L. Filipaş
The present vegetation study was elaborated on the basis of geo-referenced phytocoenological relevés carried out in 2007–2010 on the northern slope of the Vlădeasa Mountain. 150 representative relevés for the woody and herbaceous vegetation were selected from a total of 387. These were grouped in 16 plant associations, based on their coenotic affinity and ecological requirements, and represented in a large-scale vegetation map. Of these, six scrub and forest associations were grouped in the class Vaccinio-Picetea and four forest associations in the class Carpino-Fagetea. Among the six herbaceous associations included in the classes Nardetea strictae and Molinio-Arrhenatheretea, only the association Potentillo aureae-Festucetum supinae has a primary character.
{"title":"\"VEGETATION MAP OF THE NORTHERN SLOPE OF THE VLĂDEASA MOUNTAIN (APUSENI MOUNTAINS, ROMANIA)\"","authors":"G. Coldea, M. Ciobanu, L. Filipaş","doi":"10.24193/contrib.bot.57.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/contrib.bot.57.5","url":null,"abstract":"The present vegetation study was elaborated on the basis of geo-referenced phytocoenological relevés carried out in 2007–2010 on the northern slope of the Vlădeasa Mountain. 150 representative relevés for the woody and herbaceous vegetation were selected from a total of 387. These were grouped in 16 plant associations, based on their coenotic affinity and ecological requirements, and represented in a large-scale vegetation map. Of these, six scrub and forest associations were grouped in the class Vaccinio-Picetea and four forest associations in the class Carpino-Fagetea. Among the six herbaceous associations included in the classes Nardetea strictae and Molinio-Arrhenatheretea, only the association Potentillo aureae-Festucetum supinae has a primary character.","PeriodicalId":37521,"journal":{"name":"Contributii Botanice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69191523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.24193/contrib.bot.57.11
P. SUVARNA RAJU, Aluri JACOB SOLOMON RAJU
Santalum album is an evergreen tree species that flowers twice in a year with a gap of one month during May-September. It is hermaphrodite, obligately self-incompatible and entomophilous. The principal pollinators are bees and nymphalid butterflies while a species of hoverfly and potter wasp are additional pollinators in both flowering seasons. The fruits are fleshy, 1- or 2-seeded drupes and seed dispersal is ornithochorous. The study indicates that S. album is obligately vector-dependent for pollination and seed dispersal.
{"title":"ENTOMOPHILY AND ORNITHOCHORY IN THE INDIAN SANDALWOOD, SANTALUM ALBUM L. (SANTALACEAE)","authors":"P. SUVARNA RAJU, Aluri JACOB SOLOMON RAJU","doi":"10.24193/contrib.bot.57.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/contrib.bot.57.11","url":null,"abstract":"Santalum album is an evergreen tree species that flowers twice in a year with a gap of one month during May-September. It is hermaphrodite, obligately self-incompatible and entomophilous. The principal pollinators are bees and nymphalid butterflies while a species of hoverfly and potter wasp are additional pollinators in both flowering seasons. The fruits are fleshy, 1- or 2-seeded drupes and seed dispersal is ornithochorous. The study indicates that S. album is obligately vector-dependent for pollination and seed dispersal.","PeriodicalId":37521,"journal":{"name":"Contributii Botanice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69191398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.24193/contrib.bot.57.3
F. Pedrotti, G. Russo, Edmir Murrja
The Lake d'Otri is a small, temporary pond located in a doline at 794 m above sea level on the karst plateau of Gargano (SE Italy). The flora of this habitat consists of 27 plant taxa, of which only three are proper hydrophytes. The herbaceous vegetation is represented by the following plant associations: Ranunculo baudotii - Callitrichetum brutiae ass. nova hoc loco, Plantagini majoris - Menthetum pulegii, Caricetum remotae and Lemnetum minoris. Rubus sp. scrub and a Populus nigra grove occur toward the doline margins, where the floods last much less. In summer the lake dries up completely and the coenoses of Ranunculo baudotii - Callitrichetum brutiae disappear. Seven vegetation units are represented at large scale on a phytosociological map.
d'Otri湖是一个小的临时池塘，位于加尔加诺(意大利东南部)喀斯特高原海拔794米的一条线上。该生境的植物区系由27个植物分类群组成，其中只有3个是适当的水生植物。草本植物群主要有:毛茛(Ranunculo baudotii) -毛茛(calitrichetum brutiae assa . nova hoc loco)、车前草(Plantagini majoris) -薄荷(Menthetum pulegii)、车前草(Caricetum remotae)和柠檬(Lemnetum minor)。灌木丛和黑胡杨林出现在多线边缘，那里的洪水持续时间短得多。在夏季，湖泊完全干涸，毛茛(Ranunculo baudotii - calitrichetum brutiae)的群落消失。在植物社会学地图上以大比例尺表示了七个植被单元。
{"title":"FLORA, PLANT COMMUNITIES AND VEGETATION MAPPING OF THE LAKE D’OTRI (GARGANO, APULIA, ITALY)","authors":"F. Pedrotti, G. Russo, Edmir Murrja","doi":"10.24193/contrib.bot.57.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/contrib.bot.57.3","url":null,"abstract":"The Lake d'Otri is a small, temporary pond located in a doline at 794 m above sea level on the karst plateau of Gargano (SE Italy). The flora of this habitat consists of 27 plant taxa, of which only three are proper hydrophytes. The herbaceous vegetation is represented by the following plant associations: Ranunculo baudotii - Callitrichetum brutiae ass. nova hoc loco, Plantagini majoris - Menthetum pulegii, Caricetum remotae and Lemnetum minoris. Rubus sp. scrub and a Populus nigra grove occur toward the doline margins, where the floods last much less. In summer the lake dries up completely and the coenoses of Ranunculo baudotii - Callitrichetum brutiae disappear. Seven vegetation units are represented at large scale on a phytosociological map.","PeriodicalId":37521,"journal":{"name":"Contributii Botanice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69191452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.24193/contrib.bot.57.6
S. O. Bamigboye, Peter M. Tshisikhawe
In recent decades climate change has emerged as one of the major forces driving biodiversity loss and species extinction. Cycads are highly threatened species and previous studies have revealed they are also being affected by climate change. In this study we tested the possible response to climate change of four rare cycad taxa (Encephalartos species) endemic to South Africa, displaying a low but reasonable number of natural occurrences. Maximum Entropy model (MaxEnt) was used in carrying out the predictions based on eight environmental variables. Our results revealed no range contraction but a slight spread in the distribution of these taxa. Temperature seasonality, vegetation types and landforms are by far the most important predictors of the species modelled. On the contrary, the mean annual temperature and precipitations showed very low contributions in all models. We conclude that climate change may not determine a reduction in range size of the Encephalartos species studied. Possible decline in South African cycads may still occur through anthropogenic influences.
{"title":"CLIMATIC CHANGES MAY NOT AFFECT THE DISTRIBUTION RANGE OF SOUTH AFRICAN ENDEMIC ENCEPHALARTOS SPECIES (CYCADALES)","authors":"S. O. Bamigboye, Peter M. Tshisikhawe","doi":"10.24193/contrib.bot.57.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/contrib.bot.57.6","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades climate change has emerged as one of the major forces driving biodiversity loss and species extinction. Cycads are highly threatened species and previous studies have revealed they are also being affected by climate change. In this study we tested the possible response to climate change of four rare cycad taxa (Encephalartos species) endemic to South Africa, displaying a low but reasonable number of natural occurrences. Maximum Entropy model (MaxEnt) was used in carrying out the predictions based on eight environmental variables. Our results revealed no range contraction but a slight spread in the distribution of these taxa. Temperature seasonality, vegetation types and landforms are by far the most important predictors of the species modelled. On the contrary, the mean annual temperature and precipitations showed very low contributions in all models. We conclude that climate change may not determine a reduction in range size of the Encephalartos species studied. Possible decline in South African cycads may still occur through anthropogenic influences.","PeriodicalId":37521,"journal":{"name":"Contributii Botanice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49662142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.24193/contrib.bot.57.2
P. Szatmari, B. Hurdu
Glacial relicts represent isolated populations of cold-adapted species, remnants of their past extensive distribution at southern latitudes that have survived in situ far from their current main areal since the Ice Age ended. We hereby aim to identify, based on a numerical evaluation that uses a scoring system applied for 14 ecological and biogeographic criteria, putative glacial relicts occurring in lowland wetlands from the Romanian part of the Carpathian Region. Our selection of (sub) species for evaluation includes mainly cold-adapted plants occurring in wetland areas of the intra-mountain depressions and peripheral lowland areas, while those occurring mostly in the high mountain areas of the Carpathians were excluded. As a result, of 171 evaluated taxa, 74 are considered to possess stronger lowland glacial relict features in the Romanian flora. Furthermore, based on the evaluation of their distribution in Romania, we highlight the hotspots of richness, rarity and range limit for these taxa. Both richness and rarity indices calculated for the 74 glacial relicts displayed the highest values in the Eastern Carpathians, probably linked to the wider development in this region of intra-mountain depressions harboring extensive wetlands. In addition, several potential refugia have been identified based on the distribution of very rare taxa in the north-eastern part of the Apuseni Mountains and the eastern part of the Southern Carpathians (Bucegi Mountains). The distribution of range limit populations of glacial relicts in Romania outlines two well-demarcated areas, one in the southern part of the Eastern Carpathians and the second in the western part of the Southern Carpathians, along deep intra-mountain valleys and depressions. Due to their limited, isolated distribution and the fragility of wetland habitats in which they occur, populations of glacial relicts are more prone to be affected by impacts generated by human activities and climate change. Therefore, our study can also serve as a useful tool for enhancing conservation efforts by highlighting the lowland wetland areas harboring a high number of cold-adapted relict populations that require careful monitoring and urgent protection measures.
{"title":"LOW ALTITUDE GLACIAL RELICTS IN THE ROMANIAN FLORA","authors":"P. Szatmari, B. Hurdu","doi":"10.24193/contrib.bot.57.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/contrib.bot.57.2","url":null,"abstract":"Glacial relicts represent isolated populations of cold-adapted species, remnants of their past extensive distribution at southern latitudes that have survived in situ far from their current main areal since the Ice Age ended. We hereby aim to identify, based on a numerical evaluation that uses a scoring system applied for 14 ecological and biogeographic criteria, putative glacial relicts occurring in lowland wetlands from the Romanian part of the Carpathian Region. Our selection of (sub) species for evaluation includes mainly cold-adapted plants occurring in wetland areas of the intra-mountain depressions and peripheral lowland areas, while those occurring mostly in the high mountain areas of the Carpathians were excluded. As a result, of 171 evaluated taxa, 74 are considered to possess stronger lowland glacial relict features in the Romanian flora. Furthermore, based on the evaluation of their distribution in Romania, we highlight the hotspots of richness, rarity and range limit for these taxa. Both richness and rarity indices calculated for the 74 glacial relicts displayed the highest values in the Eastern Carpathians, probably linked to the wider development in this region of intra-mountain depressions harboring extensive wetlands. In addition, several potential refugia have been identified based on the distribution of very rare taxa in the north-eastern part of the Apuseni Mountains and the eastern part of the Southern Carpathians (Bucegi Mountains). The distribution of range limit populations of glacial relicts in Romania outlines two well-demarcated areas, one in the southern part of the Eastern Carpathians and the second in the western part of the Southern Carpathians, along deep intra-mountain valleys and depressions. Due to their limited, isolated distribution and the fragility of wetland habitats in which they occur, populations of glacial relicts are more prone to be affected by impacts generated by human activities and climate change. Therefore, our study can also serve as a useful tool for enhancing conservation efforts by highlighting the lowland wetland areas harboring a high number of cold-adapted relict populations that require careful monitoring and urgent protection measures.","PeriodicalId":37521,"journal":{"name":"Contributii Botanice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69191432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.24193/contrib.bot.57.8
A. Dascaliuc, T. Ralea, Nina Zdioruc, P. Cuza
This research aimed to investigate the response of one- and two-year-old Box (Buxus sempervirens L.) leaves to the action of heat shock (HS) and desiccation. These factors influenced the photosystem II activity of the leaves and the degradation of hydrogen peroxide by leaf extracts. The development of these processes was specific depending on the age of the leaves and season of their collection for analysis. Thus, the studied characteristics could assure the elaboration of new, rapid methods of assessing the resistance of leaves to high temperatures, depending on the period (season) of vegetation and their age. At different seasons of the year, the resistance of box leaves to HS tends to correspond to seasonal temperatures, reaching the highest level in summer, intermediate level in spring and autumn, and the lowest in winter. Regardless of the season, the one-year-old leaves are more resistant and have a higher capacity to recover from HS damage than the two-year-old leaves.
{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF HEAT SHOCK AND DESSICATION ON BOXWOOD (BUXUS SEMPERVIRENS L.) LEAVES' PHOTOSYSTEM II AND ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEMS ACTIVITY","authors":"A. Dascaliuc, T. Ralea, Nina Zdioruc, P. Cuza","doi":"10.24193/contrib.bot.57.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/contrib.bot.57.8","url":null,"abstract":"This research aimed to investigate the response of one- and two-year-old Box (Buxus sempervirens L.) leaves to the action of heat shock (HS) and desiccation. These factors influenced the photosystem II activity of the leaves and the degradation of hydrogen peroxide by leaf extracts. The development of these processes was specific depending on the age of the leaves and season of their collection for analysis. Thus, the studied characteristics could assure the elaboration of new, rapid methods of assessing the resistance of leaves to high temperatures, depending on the period (season) of vegetation and their age. At different seasons of the year, the resistance of box leaves to HS tends to correspond to seasonal temperatures, reaching the highest level in summer, intermediate level in spring and autumn, and the lowest in winter. Regardless of the season, the one-year-old leaves are more resistant and have a higher capacity to recover from HS damage than the two-year-old leaves.","PeriodicalId":37521,"journal":{"name":"Contributii Botanice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49029146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.24193/contrib.bot.57.7
T. Kuhn, E. Ruprecht
Asynchronous flowering phenology is an important prezygotic barrier to hybridization, especially in the case of sympatric species, while the degree of overlap in flowering can influence hybridization odds and shift introgression. In our study, we investigated the flowering phenology of three sympatric Crataegus-species and their hybrids in Transylvania, Romania. C. laevigata flowered first at the end of April, followed by C. rhipidophylla and the hybrid taxa C. × subsphaerica and C.× media, C. × macrocarpa 8 days later, while C. monogyna flowered last, 3 days later. The parental species of the most frequent hybrid taxa C. × subsphaerica have been found to have the greatest overlap in their flowering, while hybrids of C. laevigata, which overlap narrowly in their flowering with the other two species, are rare. Interestingly, all three hybrid taxa overlapped almost perfectly in their flowering phenology with that of C. rhipidophylla, and except for C.× media, hybrid taxa are not intermediate in the timing of their flowering relative to their parents. Our results provide evidence that distribution patterns and frequency of Crataegus-hybrids in the landscape are at least partially shaped by the parental species’ overlap in flowering phenology, which influences hybridization odds and may shift introgression towards one of the parental species.
非同步开花物候是杂交的重要前合子屏障，特别是在同域物种中，而开花重叠程度会影响杂交几率和转移渗入。本文对罗马尼亚特兰西瓦尼亚三种同域山楂属植物及其杂交种的开花物候进行了研究。4月底，紫叶姜最先开花，随后是紫叶姜，杂交类群紫叶姜、紫叶姜、大角姜等8 d后开花，红叶姜最后开花，3 d后开花。最常见的杂交类群C. x subsphaerica的亲本种开花重叠程度最大，而C. laevigata的杂交类群与其他两个种开花重叠程度很窄，非常罕见。有趣的是，这3个杂交类群的开花物候特征与海苔的几乎完全重合，而且除了中叶外，其他杂交类群的开花时间与亲本相比并不处于中间位置。我们的研究结果表明，山楂属杂交种在景观中的分布模式和频率至少部分是由亲本物种在开花物候上的重叠所决定的，这影响了杂交的几率，并可能使遗传渗入向亲本物种之一转移。
{"title":"FLOWERING PHENOLOGY MAY SHAPE HYBRIDIZATION PATTERNS OF HAWTHORN (CRATAEGUS L.) SPECIES","authors":"T. Kuhn, E. Ruprecht","doi":"10.24193/contrib.bot.57.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/contrib.bot.57.7","url":null,"abstract":"Asynchronous flowering phenology is an important prezygotic barrier to hybridization, especially in the case of sympatric species, while the degree of overlap in flowering can influence hybridization odds and shift introgression. In our study, we investigated the flowering phenology of three sympatric Crataegus-species and their hybrids in Transylvania, Romania. C. laevigata flowered first at the end of April, followed by C. rhipidophylla and the hybrid taxa C. × subsphaerica and C.× media, C. × macrocarpa 8 days later, while C. monogyna flowered last, 3 days later. The parental species of the most frequent hybrid taxa C. × subsphaerica have been found to have the greatest overlap in their flowering, while hybrids of C. laevigata, which overlap narrowly in their flowering with the other two species, are rare. Interestingly, all three hybrid taxa overlapped almost perfectly in their flowering phenology with that of C. rhipidophylla, and except for C.× media, hybrid taxa are not intermediate in the timing of their flowering relative to their parents. Our results provide evidence that distribution patterns and frequency of Crataegus-hybrids in the landscape are at least partially shaped by the parental species’ overlap in flowering phenology, which influences hybridization odds and may shift introgression towards one of the parental species.","PeriodicalId":37521,"journal":{"name":"Contributii Botanice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69191604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.24193/contrib.bot.57.1
A. Caringal, Herbert Bañados, E. Abenir, Mars Panganiban, Ericson Esquibel Coracero, Reynaldo Tamba, Carlo Pasado
The Philippine islands host a significantly high concentration of native and endemic Hoya species. However, there are no previous records of this genus in the natural ecosystems within the province of Batangas, Luzon Island. The present study pioneered the exploration of Hoya plants and their associated communities in Batangas. A route-walk method was employed within the forests of Lobo, Batangas, to document Hoya species. Morphological characteristics, habitat, host plants, substrates, and associated flora were also recorded. Only one species was identified, Hoya meliflua (Blanco) Merr., with material deposited in the Batangas State University – The National Engineering University Lobo Campus Herbarium (Reg. #: Pasado 001). The morphology and other plant references and databases confirmed its identity. The study found that the individuals of H. meliflua in Lobo inhabit the secondary riverine forests along ecotourism sites, with Schizostachyum textorium (Blanco) Merr., Ficus balete Merr., Tectona philippinensis Benth. & Hook.f. ex Merr. and Pterospermum diversifolium Blume as the major host plants. The assessment of the associated flora revealed 46 species, of which 100% were natives, 13% were Philippine endemics, and 14% were threatened nationally and internationally. The conservation of H. meliflua in Batangas can be improved by mainstreaming its importance as an ornamental plant and a key biodiversity species within ecotourism sites. Further studies can help in revealing the presence of other Hoya spp. on the island.
{"title":"FIRST RECORD OF HOYA MELIFLUA (BLANCO) MERR. (APOCYNACEAE, ASCLEPIADOIDEAE) IN THE NATURAL ECOSYSTEMS OF BATANGAS IN LUZON ISLAND, PHILIPPINES, WITH NOTES ON ASSOCIATED FLORA","authors":"A. Caringal, Herbert Bañados, E. Abenir, Mars Panganiban, Ericson Esquibel Coracero, Reynaldo Tamba, Carlo Pasado","doi":"10.24193/contrib.bot.57.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/contrib.bot.57.1","url":null,"abstract":"The Philippine islands host a significantly high concentration of native and endemic Hoya species. However, there are no previous records of this genus in the natural ecosystems within the province of Batangas, Luzon Island. The present study pioneered the exploration of Hoya plants and their associated communities in Batangas. A route-walk method was employed within the forests of Lobo, Batangas, to document Hoya species. Morphological characteristics, habitat, host plants, substrates, and associated flora were also recorded. Only one species was identified, Hoya meliflua (Blanco) Merr., with material deposited in the Batangas State University – The National Engineering University Lobo Campus Herbarium (Reg. #: Pasado 001). The morphology and other plant references and databases confirmed its identity. The study found that the individuals of H. meliflua in Lobo inhabit the secondary riverine forests along ecotourism sites, with Schizostachyum textorium (Blanco) Merr., Ficus balete Merr., Tectona philippinensis Benth. & Hook.f. ex Merr. and Pterospermum diversifolium Blume as the major host plants. The assessment of the associated flora revealed 46 species, of which 100% were natives, 13% were Philippine endemics, and 14% were threatened nationally and internationally. The conservation of H. meliflua in Batangas can be improved by mainstreaming its importance as an ornamental plant and a key biodiversity species within ecotourism sites. Further studies can help in revealing the presence of other Hoya spp. on the island.","PeriodicalId":37521,"journal":{"name":"Contributii Botanice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47779519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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