Pub Date : 2019-01-30DOI: 10.24193/CONTRIB.BOT.53.2
Y. Kobiv, A. Prokopiv
: In this paper we present the flora of Bili Skeli (White Cliffs) Massif. This site is the southernmost group of limestone cliffs in the Ukrainian Carpathians, situated in the montane forest belt in the headwaters of the Bilyi Cheremosh River (Verkhovynskyi National Nature Park, the Chyvchyny Mts.). These cliffs harbour rare calcareous saxicolous species, e.g. Arabis hornungiana, Carduus defloratus subsp. glaucus, Cystopteris alpina, Epipactis atrorubens , E. helleborine , Goodyera repens, Saussurea discolor, Saxifraga luteoviridis and Thymus pulcherrimus , many of them included in the Red Data Book of Ukraine (2009). Their occurrence was analysed in their ecological and conservation context. A map of the site is provided as well as geographical coordinates of the major cliffs. The occurrence of obligatory calcicole rare species is determined by the limestone bedrock, which is infrequent in the Ukrainian Carpathians. The rarity of the habitat type makes the site one of the few disjunct environmental islands of calcareous flora in the region. Some of the listed species are narrow-range and occur at the edge of their geographical distribution. Moreover, Saussurea discolor is confined to the lowermost limit of its altitudinal range. Such marginality makes the area remarkable in biogeographical and conservation terms. It was revealed that a population of another rare species, Saxifraga aizoides , has possibly become extinct at this site. However, the confirmed occurrence of Saussurea discolor makes the Bili Skeli cliffs the second (in addition to Chonyi Dil Mt.) known locality of that species in the Ukrainian Carpathians.
{"title":"Bili Skeli limestone cliffs as an important hotspot of plant diversity in the Chyvchyny Mountains (Ukrainian Carpathians)","authors":"Y. Kobiv, A. Prokopiv","doi":"10.24193/CONTRIB.BOT.53.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/CONTRIB.BOT.53.2","url":null,"abstract":": In this paper we present the flora of Bili Skeli (White Cliffs) Massif. This site is the southernmost group of limestone cliffs in the Ukrainian Carpathians, situated in the montane forest belt in the headwaters of the Bilyi Cheremosh River (Verkhovynskyi National Nature Park, the Chyvchyny Mts.). These cliffs harbour rare calcareous saxicolous species, e.g. Arabis hornungiana, Carduus defloratus subsp. glaucus, Cystopteris alpina, Epipactis atrorubens , E. helleborine , Goodyera repens, Saussurea discolor, Saxifraga luteoviridis and Thymus pulcherrimus , many of them included in the Red Data Book of Ukraine (2009). Their occurrence was analysed in their ecological and conservation context. A map of the site is provided as well as geographical coordinates of the major cliffs. The occurrence of obligatory calcicole rare species is determined by the limestone bedrock, which is infrequent in the Ukrainian Carpathians. The rarity of the habitat type makes the site one of the few disjunct environmental islands of calcareous flora in the region. Some of the listed species are narrow-range and occur at the edge of their geographical distribution. Moreover, Saussurea discolor is confined to the lowermost limit of its altitudinal range. Such marginality makes the area remarkable in biogeographical and conservation terms. It was revealed that a population of another rare species, Saxifraga aizoides , has possibly become extinct at this site. However, the confirmed occurrence of Saussurea discolor makes the Bili Skeli cliffs the second (in addition to Chonyi Dil Mt.) known locality of that species in the Ukrainian Carpathians.","PeriodicalId":37521,"journal":{"name":"Contributii Botanice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69187952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-30DOI: 10.24193/CONTRIB.BOT.53.6
V. Cristea, Cluj-Napoca Romania Ecology, S. Mihăilescu, E. Sevianu
: Romania’s natural resources are currently subjected to aggressive and barely controlled exploitation. These resources include medicinal plants from the spontaneous flora, which are much more in demand and appreciated on the foreign market than those derived from cultivation. Having information available regarding commercial societies (S.C.) and physical persons (P.P.) whose sphere of activity also comprises this resource, we wish to argue, taking Mureş county and the year 2017 as an example, the need for moderation in using all renewable as well as non-renewable resources. The requested quantities involved 109 spp. of spontaneous medicinal plants and amounted to 7,706 t (of which only 8 t required by P.P.), while the institutions authorized to perform adequate evaluation (AE) studies proposed 4,529 t and the NMC approved only 3,926 t . Certainly, S.C.s in particular are dissatisfied with the approved quantities and have recourse to a wide range of “strategies”. Even if in Mureş county pressure is not as high as in other counties in Transylvania, we believe that all organizations concerned with environmental conservation and protection should fight for the sustainable use ( uti sed non abuti ) of this important resource, which in most cases is subjected to other pressures in addition to those related to harvesting and export as raw material.
{"title":"Spontaneous medicinal plants: Uti sed non abuti! A case study – Mureş county","authors":"V. Cristea, Cluj-Napoca Romania Ecology, S. Mihăilescu, E. Sevianu","doi":"10.24193/CONTRIB.BOT.53.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/CONTRIB.BOT.53.6","url":null,"abstract":": Romania’s natural resources are currently subjected to aggressive and barely controlled exploitation. These resources include medicinal plants from the spontaneous flora, which are much more in demand and appreciated on the foreign market than those derived from cultivation. Having information available regarding commercial societies (S.C.) and physical persons (P.P.) whose sphere of activity also comprises this resource, we wish to argue, taking Mureş county and the year 2017 as an example, the need for moderation in using all renewable as well as non-renewable resources. The requested quantities involved 109 spp. of spontaneous medicinal plants and amounted to 7,706 t (of which only 8 t required by P.P.), while the institutions authorized to perform adequate evaluation (AE) studies proposed 4,529 t and the NMC approved only 3,926 t . Certainly, S.C.s in particular are dissatisfied with the approved quantities and have recourse to a wide range of “strategies”. Even if in Mureş county pressure is not as high as in other counties in Transylvania, we believe that all organizations concerned with environmental conservation and protection should fight for the sustainable use ( uti sed non abuti ) of this important resource, which in most cases is subjected to other pressures in addition to those related to harvesting and export as raw material.","PeriodicalId":37521,"journal":{"name":"Contributii Botanice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47156076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-30DOI: 10.24193/CONTRIB.BOT.53.3
G. Coldea, T. Ursu, E. Plamadå
: This paper presents, on the basis of floristic and phytocoenotic data from field studies and the literature, the real vegetation map of Molhașul Mare from Izbuc peat bog, in the Apuseni Muntains. This oligotrophic bog, situated at 46°35’29” N and 22°45’43” E, is the most representative from this area and the least impacted by human activities, being therefore declared a Botanical Reserve. On its surface of c.8 ha, there have been identified, described on floristic and ecological grounds and mapped at 1:1000 scale, 9 plant community types that correspond to 4 Natura 2000 habitat types: 7110*, 7149, 7150 and 91D0*. The vegetation map will be useful for monitoring the conservation status of the plant communities and habitats and will facilitate the establishment of suitable conservation measures for the protection of the peat bog.
{"title":"Mapping the vegetation of Molhașul Mare from Izbuc peat bog, Apuseni Mountains (Romania)","authors":"G. Coldea, T. Ursu, E. Plamadå","doi":"10.24193/CONTRIB.BOT.53.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/CONTRIB.BOT.53.3","url":null,"abstract":": This paper presents, on the basis of floristic and phytocoenotic data from field studies and the literature, the real vegetation map of Molhașul Mare from Izbuc peat bog, in the Apuseni Muntains. This oligotrophic bog, situated at 46°35’29” N and 22°45’43” E, is the most representative from this area and the least impacted by human activities, being therefore declared a Botanical Reserve. On its surface of c.8 ha, there have been identified, described on floristic and ecological grounds and mapped at 1:1000 scale, 9 plant community types that correspond to 4 Natura 2000 habitat types: 7110*, 7149, 7150 and 91D0*. The vegetation map will be useful for monitoring the conservation status of the plant communities and habitats and will facilitate the establishment of suitable conservation measures for the protection of the peat bog.","PeriodicalId":37521,"journal":{"name":"Contributii Botanice","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69188441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-30DOI: 10.24193/CONTRIB.BOT.53.8
Ilie-Adrian Stoica
: Climate change is one of the biggest challenges of our century. As many climate models exist for the Romanian territory, each simulating a number of possible future scenarios for the emission of greenhouse gases, it is difficult to summarize the predicted impacts. This paper analyzes the output of a part of the Worldclim dataset, namely the 19 bioclim variables for 11 General Circulation Models, 4 RCP (Representative Concentration Pathway) scenarios and 2 years (2050, 2070) at 5 arc minutes (~10 km). These 19 variables were conceived to be relevant for species physiology across phyla, and are extensively used in current literature for species distribution modelling. In order to make informed choices in the fitting of models (simulations of future niche changes), an interpretation is needed for the future variation of each bioclim variable and each combination of GCM, year and greenhouse gas emission scenario (RCP). While GCM rankings are different for each variable and each year-RCP combination, some general characteristics can be derived for each GCM. For the Romanian territory, the hd model (HadGEM2-AO) can be considered overall as a pessimistic model in relation to temperature and precipitation variables (high temperature increase, high precipitation decrease). The mg GCM (MRI-CGCM3) can be regarded as an optimistic model in relation to predicted temperature increase (less warming), but also in relation to precipitation (higher rainfall). The mi (MIROC-ESM-CHEM) also usually predicts a more humid future in Romania, but with higher temperature increase. The ip GCM (IPSL-CM5A-LR) predicts the highest increase in temperatures during cold months in Romania, as well as drier winters and less temperature variability (monthly and yearly). A moderate model for our country is cc (CCSM4), which can be used as a balanced model (it is optimistic only for cold season temperatures, predicting the lowest increase). Overall, for temperature variables there is a general consensus (increase of temperatures for all combinations of GCM, RCP and year). Regarding precipitations the trends are not very clear. An exception is probably the RCP85 scenario, which causes most GCMs to predict a decrease in precipitation variables, but even for this scenario there are models indicating an increase. Abstract: Schimbările climatice reprezintă una dintre cele mai mare provocări ale secolului. Deoarece pentru teritoriul României există mai multe modele climatice, fiecare simulând un număr
{"title":"An interpretation of multi-model future climate predictions for bioclim variables in Romania","authors":"Ilie-Adrian Stoica","doi":"10.24193/CONTRIB.BOT.53.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/CONTRIB.BOT.53.8","url":null,"abstract":": Climate change is one of the biggest challenges of our century. As many climate models exist for the Romanian territory, each simulating a number of possible future scenarios for the emission of greenhouse gases, it is difficult to summarize the predicted impacts. This paper analyzes the output of a part of the Worldclim dataset, namely the 19 bioclim variables for 11 General Circulation Models, 4 RCP (Representative Concentration Pathway) scenarios and 2 years (2050, 2070) at 5 arc minutes (~10 km). These 19 variables were conceived to be relevant for species physiology across phyla, and are extensively used in current literature for species distribution modelling. In order to make informed choices in the fitting of models (simulations of future niche changes), an interpretation is needed for the future variation of each bioclim variable and each combination of GCM, year and greenhouse gas emission scenario (RCP). While GCM rankings are different for each variable and each year-RCP combination, some general characteristics can be derived for each GCM. For the Romanian territory, the hd model (HadGEM2-AO) can be considered overall as a pessimistic model in relation to temperature and precipitation variables (high temperature increase, high precipitation decrease). The mg GCM (MRI-CGCM3) can be regarded as an optimistic model in relation to predicted temperature increase (less warming), but also in relation to precipitation (higher rainfall). The mi (MIROC-ESM-CHEM) also usually predicts a more humid future in Romania, but with higher temperature increase. The ip GCM (IPSL-CM5A-LR) predicts the highest increase in temperatures during cold months in Romania, as well as drier winters and less temperature variability (monthly and yearly). A moderate model for our country is cc (CCSM4), which can be used as a balanced model (it is optimistic only for cold season temperatures, predicting the lowest increase). Overall, for temperature variables there is a general consensus (increase of temperatures for all combinations of GCM, RCP and year). Regarding precipitations the trends are not very clear. An exception is probably the RCP85 scenario, which causes most GCMs to predict a decrease in precipitation variables, but even for this scenario there are models indicating an increase. Abstract: Schimbările climatice reprezintă una dintre cele mai mare provocări ale secolului. Deoarece pentru teritoriul României există mai multe modele climatice, fiecare simulând un număr","PeriodicalId":37521,"journal":{"name":"Contributii Botanice","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69188620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-30DOI: 10.24193/CONTRIB.BOT.53.7
S. Farcas, T. Ursu, I. Tanțău, A. Roman, Cluj-Napoca Romania Geology
{"title":"The history of Dacia's forests in the Orăştie Mts. region.","authors":"S. Farcas, T. Ursu, I. Tanțău, A. Roman, Cluj-Napoca Romania Geology","doi":"10.24193/CONTRIB.BOT.53.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/CONTRIB.BOT.53.7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37521,"journal":{"name":"Contributii Botanice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47301063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-30DOI: 10.24193/CONTRIB.BOT.53.4
I. Goia, A. Şuteu, E. Ţifrea, S. Grapini
{"title":"Studies on plant communities in Tăul Obcioarei peat bog – Maramureș Mountains","authors":"I. Goia, A. Şuteu, E. Ţifrea, S. Grapini","doi":"10.24193/CONTRIB.BOT.53.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/CONTRIB.BOT.53.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37521,"journal":{"name":"Contributii Botanice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69188525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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