Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.jeee.20221002.12
Muddasir Naeem, T. Imran, Rabiya Munawar, Arshad Saleem Bhatti
{"title":"Development of Low-Cost Prototype N<sub>2</sub> Laser System and Laser-Induced Fluorescence of Pyranine","authors":"Muddasir Naeem, T. Imran, Rabiya Munawar, Arshad Saleem Bhatti","doi":"10.11648/j.jeee.20221002.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20221002.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37533,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Telecommunications","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85086917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-30DOI: 10.11648/J.JEEE.20210905.14
Rui Ding, Jintao Xu, Yang Sui
The nuclear power plant (NPP) project (NPPP) usually faces with the complex quality, health and safety, and environment (QHSE) risks, so that it is vital to establish the QMS, OHSMS, and EMS, as is called QHSEMSs, according to ISO 9001, ISO 45001, and ISO 14001 standards, as is called the three ISO standards, respectively. Meanwhile, the QHSEMSs need to be supplemented and improved according to IAEA safety standards due to its industry particularity, and the special QHSEMSs need to be established and then implemented. However, during establishing and implementing the special QHSEMSs for NPPP, problems including huge numbers of documents, complex organizational structures, cumbersome management processes, lower management efficiency, and higher management cost are encountered. In order to solve these problems, a generic model for integrating the special QHSEMSs into an integrated management system (IMS) for QHSE (QHSEIMS) for NPPP in China was proposed according to the three ISO standards and IAEA safety standards through PDCA, process, and system approaches, as is called the three integration approaches. The proposed model was applied to establish and implement the QHSEIMS in a typical case, and the application results indicated that the proposed model was of great help to streamline the documentation, organizational structure, and management process for QHSE, and to effectively and efficiently manage the QHSE for the NPPP.
{"title":"An Integrated Management System for Quality, Health and Safety, and Environment: A Case Study","authors":"Rui Ding, Jintao Xu, Yang Sui","doi":"10.11648/J.JEEE.20210905.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.JEEE.20210905.14","url":null,"abstract":"The nuclear power plant (NPP) project (NPPP) usually faces with the complex quality, health and safety, and environment (QHSE) risks, so that it is vital to establish the QMS, OHSMS, and EMS, as is called QHSEMSs, according to ISO 9001, ISO 45001, and ISO 14001 standards, as is called the three ISO standards, respectively. Meanwhile, the QHSEMSs need to be supplemented and improved according to IAEA safety standards due to its industry particularity, and the special QHSEMSs need to be established and then implemented. However, during establishing and implementing the special QHSEMSs for NPPP, problems including huge numbers of documents, complex organizational structures, cumbersome management processes, lower management efficiency, and higher management cost are encountered. In order to solve these problems, a generic model for integrating the special QHSEMSs into an integrated management system (IMS) for QHSE (QHSEIMS) for NPPP in China was proposed according to the three ISO standards and IAEA safety standards through PDCA, process, and system approaches, as is called the three integration approaches. The proposed model was applied to establish and implement the QHSEIMS in a typical case, and the application results indicated that the proposed model was of great help to streamline the documentation, organizational structure, and management process for QHSE, and to effectively and efficiently manage the QHSE for the NPPP.","PeriodicalId":37533,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Telecommunications","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87307764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-16DOI: 10.11648/J.JEEE.20210905.13
Keni Xu, Wenhong Liu
The time delay estimation algorithm is one of the important factors of sound source localization. The generalized weighted adaptive time delay estimation algorithm is limited by the environmental conditions of signal and noise, and has great limitations in non-Gaussian environments. In order to make the algorithm suitable for non-Gaussian environments, and to retain the advantages of the algorithm in effectively suppressing harmonics, this paper combines the minimum average P norm (LMP) with the generalized weighting function, and proposes a method based on the minimum average P norm. The generalized weighted adaptive time delay estimation algorithm of the number can make the algorithm suitable for non-Gaussian environments, and for the shortcomings of slow iteration speed and large calculation amount for the minimum average P norm, the Sigmoid function is introduced to further improve the parameter selection in the algorithm. MATLAB simulation experiments show that the algorithm in this paper can effectively suppress the existence of harmonics in a non-Gaussian environment, and has strong convergence, high accuracy of time delay estimation, and fast iteration speed. It can be based on time delay estimation in a non-Gaussian environment. The positioning plays a certain role.
{"title":"Generalized Weighted Adaptive Time Delay Estimation Algorithm Based on Minimum Average P Norm","authors":"Keni Xu, Wenhong Liu","doi":"10.11648/J.JEEE.20210905.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.JEEE.20210905.13","url":null,"abstract":"The time delay estimation algorithm is one of the important factors of sound source localization. The generalized weighted adaptive time delay estimation algorithm is limited by the environmental conditions of signal and noise, and has great limitations in non-Gaussian environments. In order to make the algorithm suitable for non-Gaussian environments, and to retain the advantages of the algorithm in effectively suppressing harmonics, this paper combines the minimum average P norm (LMP) with the generalized weighting function, and proposes a method based on the minimum average P norm. The generalized weighted adaptive time delay estimation algorithm of the number can make the algorithm suitable for non-Gaussian environments, and for the shortcomings of slow iteration speed and large calculation amount for the minimum average P norm, the Sigmoid function is introduced to further improve the parameter selection in the algorithm. MATLAB simulation experiments show that the algorithm in this paper can effectively suppress the existence of harmonics in a non-Gaussian environment, and has strong convergence, high accuracy of time delay estimation, and fast iteration speed. It can be based on time delay estimation in a non-Gaussian environment. The positioning plays a certain role.","PeriodicalId":37533,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Telecommunications","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83576753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the upgrading of consumption, the existing carbon-based anode materials are facing the major challenges of high preparation cost and low initial Coulomb efficiency. The fast-growing and developed sieve tube network is an inspiration to transform cattail phloem tissue (CPT) into a high-performance carbon-based anode for lithium-ion battery. In this study, porous carbon materials from CPT with abundant microchannel and nanochannel were prepared by a top-down strategy combined with an indispensable passivation process. The sidewall and end of the sieve tube are fully covered by a large number of pore structures and various supporting cells, thus ensuring the stiffness and tensile strength of phloem tissue. And benefiting from the neoteric hierarchical porous structure without Li+ trapping sites, the cells with CPT anode showed high electrochemical performance. For the passivated CPT electrode, the reversible capacity increased to 321.6 mAh/g, and the initial Coulomb efficiency was 1.47 times higher than that of the passivated CPT electrode. The CPT exhibits excellent rate performance under high current, which indicates that the abundant pore structure on the surface of the sieve tube is an effective measure to improve ion diffusion. Besides, the generation mechanism of high-performance CPT is analyzed through microstructure characterization. The improvement of electrochemical performance of CPT in this work has provided a clear strategy for the application of resource-rich natural biomass to electrochemical products.
{"title":"Hierarchical Microchannel Carbons Derived from Biological Phloem Tissues as High-Performance Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries","authors":"Yunlong Liao, Jiahua Hu, Zhuang Sun, Wei Zhang, Xiaomeng Zhou, Zhang Haijun","doi":"10.11648/J.JEEE.20210905.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.JEEE.20210905.12","url":null,"abstract":"With the upgrading of consumption, the existing carbon-based anode materials are facing the major challenges of high preparation cost and low initial Coulomb efficiency. The fast-growing and developed sieve tube network is an inspiration to transform cattail phloem tissue (CPT) into a high-performance carbon-based anode for lithium-ion battery. In this study, porous carbon materials from CPT with abundant microchannel and nanochannel were prepared by a top-down strategy combined with an indispensable passivation process. The sidewall and end of the sieve tube are fully covered by a large number of pore structures and various supporting cells, thus ensuring the stiffness and tensile strength of phloem tissue. And benefiting from the neoteric hierarchical porous structure without Li+ trapping sites, the cells with CPT anode showed high electrochemical performance. For the passivated CPT electrode, the reversible capacity increased to 321.6 mAh/g, and the initial Coulomb efficiency was 1.47 times higher than that of the passivated CPT electrode. The CPT exhibits excellent rate performance under high current, which indicates that the abundant pore structure on the surface of the sieve tube is an effective measure to improve ion diffusion. Besides, the generation mechanism of high-performance CPT is analyzed through microstructure characterization. The improvement of electrochemical performance of CPT in this work has provided a clear strategy for the application of resource-rich natural biomass to electrochemical products.","PeriodicalId":37533,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Telecommunications","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85224307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-07DOI: 10.11648/j.jeee.20210904.15
Ayorinde Ayotunde, Adelabu Michael, Muhammed Hisham, Okewole Francis, A. Ike Mowete
Certain properties of the recently introduced Quasi-Moment-Method (QMM) for the calibration of basic radiowave propagation pathloss models are systematically examined in this paper. Using measurement data concerning three different routes located in a smart campus environment and made available in the open literature, the paper, in particular, investigates the effects of size of pathloss measurement data on the outcomes of the QMM calibration of nine basic pathloss models: namely, COST 231-urban and sub-urban cities models, ECC33-large and medium sized cities models, and the Egli, Ericsson, Hata, Lee, and SUI-‘Terrain A’ models. Computational results reveal that for the data sizes considered, and in the cases of the basic COST 231 and Hata models, which share identical correction factors for receiver antenna height, the ‘model calibration matrix’ becomes ill-conditioned for one choice of basis functions. The corresponding calibrated models, however, still predict pathloss with accuracy typical of the QMM. For example, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) outcomes of predictions due to the calibration of these models, emerged as approximately the same for these three models; with values of 6.03 dB (Route A), 7.96 dB (Route B), and 6.19 dB (Route C). The results also show that when model calibration utilizes measurement data for distances further away from the transmitters (by ignoring measurement data for radial distances less than 100m away from the transmitters) significant improvements in RMSE metrics were recorded. The paper, in terms of the eigenvalues of the model calibration matrices, further examined the responses of these models to calibration with large-sized measurement data, to find that the model calibration matrices remained characterized, in each case, by a distinctly dominant eigenvalue. An important conclusion arising from the results of the investigations is that whereas the QMM model calibration process may lead, in some cases, and when large-sized measurement data is involved, to ‘badly-scaled’ model calibration matrices, the calibrated models still record very good assessment metrics. Computational results also reveal that with large-sized data sets, QMM models yield pathloss predictions with excellent (close to 0 dB) mean prediction errors.
{"title":"On Some Properties of the Quasi-Moment-Method Pathloss Model Calibration","authors":"Ayorinde Ayotunde, Adelabu Michael, Muhammed Hisham, Okewole Francis, A. Ike Mowete","doi":"10.11648/j.jeee.20210904.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20210904.15","url":null,"abstract":"Certain properties of the recently introduced Quasi-Moment-Method (QMM) for the calibration of basic radiowave propagation pathloss models are systematically examined in this paper. Using measurement data concerning three different routes located in a smart campus environment and made available in the open literature, the paper, in particular, investigates the effects of size of pathloss measurement data on the outcomes of the QMM calibration of nine basic pathloss models: namely, COST 231-urban and sub-urban cities models, ECC33-large and medium sized cities models, and the Egli, Ericsson, Hata, Lee, and SUI-‘Terrain A’ models. Computational results reveal that for the data sizes considered, and in the cases of the basic COST 231 and Hata models, which share identical correction factors for receiver antenna height, the ‘model calibration matrix’ becomes ill-conditioned for one choice of basis functions. The corresponding calibrated models, however, still predict pathloss with accuracy typical of the QMM. For example, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) outcomes of predictions due to the calibration of these models, emerged as approximately the same for these three models; with values of 6.03 dB (Route A), 7.96 dB (Route B), and 6.19 dB (Route C). The results also show that when model calibration utilizes measurement data for distances further away from the transmitters (by ignoring measurement data for radial distances less than 100m away from the transmitters) significant improvements in RMSE metrics were recorded. The paper, in terms of the eigenvalues of the model calibration matrices, further examined the responses of these models to calibration with large-sized measurement data, to find that the model calibration matrices remained characterized, in each case, by a distinctly dominant eigenvalue. An important conclusion arising from the results of the investigations is that whereas the QMM model calibration process may lead, in some cases, and when large-sized measurement data is involved, to ‘badly-scaled’ model calibration matrices, the calibrated models still record very good assessment metrics. Computational results also reveal that with large-sized data sets, QMM models yield pathloss predictions with excellent (close to 0 dB) mean prediction errors.","PeriodicalId":37533,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Telecommunications","volume":"276 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82811698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-07DOI: 10.11648/j.jeee.20210904.14
Osvaldo Gasparri, Albino Pidutti, P. D. Croce, A. Baschirotto
Automotive industry requires integrated circuits with both low cost, to maintain product competitiveness, and high efficiency, moving towards solutions as green as possible. Each electronic device within the car needs for a regulator to provide a steady supply to ensure correct and safe operation. Among all regulator, DC/DC Converters are the most valid solution to achieve a high efficiency-price ratio. The DC/DC Converter needs for a control loop to monitor the load operation. The basic control loop topologies are well known in the state-of-the-art. The paper presents a DC/DC Buck Converter for automotive applications designed in low cost technology with an upgraded version of the Peak Current Mode Control which uses a constant off-time. For chip area reduction, an n-channel power-DMOS is chosen as power transistor. The design of each block composing the circuit is presented. To guarantee DC-DC Buck converters high-efficiency and low cost (in terms of external components) increasing switching frequency is mandatory. A 1.5 MHz switching frequency has been chosen to reduce external components size. The device is optimized by design to be able to achieve 94.4% efficiency using a 3V 3A load. The post-layout simulations of the system are shown, confirming the expected circuit behavior also including the presence of wiring parasites. A PCB is also designed to test the packaged die to ultimately demonstrate the chip’s robustness and suitability in a real automotive application.
{"title":"A Fast Switching Current Controlled DC/DC Converter for Automotive Applications","authors":"Osvaldo Gasparri, Albino Pidutti, P. D. Croce, A. Baschirotto","doi":"10.11648/j.jeee.20210904.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20210904.14","url":null,"abstract":"Automotive industry requires integrated circuits with both low cost, to maintain product competitiveness, and high efficiency, moving towards solutions as green as possible. Each electronic device within the car needs for a regulator to provide a steady supply to ensure correct and safe operation. Among all regulator, DC/DC Converters are the most valid solution to achieve a high efficiency-price ratio. The DC/DC Converter needs for a control loop to monitor the load operation. The basic control loop topologies are well known in the state-of-the-art. The paper presents a DC/DC Buck Converter for automotive applications designed in low cost technology with an upgraded version of the Peak Current Mode Control which uses a constant off-time. For chip area reduction, an n-channel power-DMOS is chosen as power transistor. The design of each block composing the circuit is presented. To guarantee DC-DC Buck converters high-efficiency and low cost (in terms of external components) increasing switching frequency is mandatory. A 1.5 MHz switching frequency has been chosen to reduce external components size. The device is optimized by design to be able to achieve 94.4% efficiency using a 3V 3A load. The post-layout simulations of the system are shown, confirming the expected circuit behavior also including the presence of wiring parasites. A PCB is also designed to test the packaged die to ultimately demonstrate the chip’s robustness and suitability in a real automotive application.","PeriodicalId":37533,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Telecommunications","volume":"48 5 Suppl 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88151214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-04DOI: 10.11648/j.jeee.20210904.13
Z. Yue, Li Yanqi, Lin Tao, Yu Xiaodi, Zhang Ammin, Wang Yuzhuo
This paper introduces a measurement system and method of high-speed sampling and full digital for the comparison of multi-channel frequency standard. The hardware of the system consists of 4 parts: A: Impedance matching module (After matching with the impedance of the acquisition circuit, the two input signals are transformed into suitable amplitude, and then transformed into digital signals by the high-speed acquisition circuit). B: High speed data acquisition module. C: Data real-time processing module. D: Calculation module for phase difference and frequency stability. The system not only can achieve real-time processing under the minimum computing resources, but also provide the upper computer with complete information and equivalent frequency data with small amount of data. Moreover, the fast and high-precision calculation of phase difference and frequency stability can be achieved by improving the calculation process. The software of the system meets the requirements for the technical specifications of national metrology. Compared with domestic and foreign frequency standard comparators, the interface of software is more friendly, the operation is more convenient, and it has a strong ability to analyze and process data. The test results show that the uncertainty of the system is better than 1.5 ×10-13 (sampling time is 1 second), which is consistent with Russian VCH-315 index.
{"title":"Development the Measurement System of the Multi-Channel Frequency Standard Comparison","authors":"Z. Yue, Li Yanqi, Lin Tao, Yu Xiaodi, Zhang Ammin, Wang Yuzhuo","doi":"10.11648/j.jeee.20210904.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20210904.13","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a measurement system and method of high-speed sampling and full digital for the comparison of multi-channel frequency standard. The hardware of the system consists of 4 parts: A: Impedance matching module (After matching with the impedance of the acquisition circuit, the two input signals are transformed into suitable amplitude, and then transformed into digital signals by the high-speed acquisition circuit). B: High speed data acquisition module. C: Data real-time processing module. D: Calculation module for phase difference and frequency stability. The system not only can achieve real-time processing under the minimum computing resources, but also provide the upper computer with complete information and equivalent frequency data with small amount of data. Moreover, the fast and high-precision calculation of phase difference and frequency stability can be achieved by improving the calculation process. The software of the system meets the requirements for the technical specifications of national metrology. Compared with domestic and foreign frequency standard comparators, the interface of software is more friendly, the operation is more convenient, and it has a strong ability to analyze and process data. The test results show that the uncertainty of the system is better than 1.5 ×10-13 (sampling time is 1 second), which is consistent with Russian VCH-315 index.","PeriodicalId":37533,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Telecommunications","volume":"198 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82810430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-23DOI: 10.11648/j.jeee.20210904.12
S. Sefati, Sara Ghiasi Tabrizi
There is a way to prolong the life of sensor networks according to which a hierarchical routing algorithm is used intelligently, which employs all network elements in data transmission. Clustering the nodes is one of the best methods that can significantly increase the network life. Making a cluster, selecting a Cluster Head (CH) and data transmission in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) are the issues that affect energy consumption. Software-Defined Networks (SDN) are a modern network architecture that distinguishes the network control panel from the data plate also this architecture cause the network utilizing is increased, and the operational cost is reduced. This method also causes creativity and perfection in the network area. Moreover, the possibility of implementing management protocols, including traffic management, which is an inevitable part of networks, can be implemented in SDN with a higher level of flexibility. In this paper, the CH has selected trough game theory, which sends data with the help of game theory rewards and calculating the geographical location of other nodes. Then, high-priority data is sent according to the proposed algorithm with the help of game theory. The simulation results in NS3 software show that the proposed method has obtained acceptable results compared with Artificial Bee Colony algorithm (ABC), Genetic Algorithm (GA), Cuckoo Search algorithm (CS), Firefly algorithm (FA) and Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm (GWO).
{"title":"Cluster Head Selection and Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) Based on Software-Defined Network (SDN) Via Game of Theory","authors":"S. Sefati, Sara Ghiasi Tabrizi","doi":"10.11648/j.jeee.20210904.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20210904.12","url":null,"abstract":"There is a way to prolong the life of sensor networks according to which a hierarchical routing algorithm is used intelligently, which employs all network elements in data transmission. Clustering the nodes is one of the best methods that can significantly increase the network life. Making a cluster, selecting a Cluster Head (CH) and data transmission in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) are the issues that affect energy consumption. Software-Defined Networks (SDN) are a modern network architecture that distinguishes the network control panel from the data plate also this architecture cause the network utilizing is increased, and the operational cost is reduced. This method also causes creativity and perfection in the network area. Moreover, the possibility of implementing management protocols, including traffic management, which is an inevitable part of networks, can be implemented in SDN with a higher level of flexibility. In this paper, the CH has selected trough game theory, which sends data with the help of game theory rewards and calculating the geographical location of other nodes. Then, high-priority data is sent according to the proposed algorithm with the help of game theory. The simulation results in NS3 software show that the proposed method has obtained acceptable results compared with Artificial Bee Colony algorithm (ABC), Genetic Algorithm (GA), Cuckoo Search algorithm (CS), Firefly algorithm (FA) and Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm (GWO).","PeriodicalId":37533,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Telecommunications","volume":"76 279 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83318510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-06DOI: 10.11648/j.jeee.20210904.11
C. Favela, J. Gonzalez, J. Hernandez-Avila, M. Arjona, C. Hernández, E. Caro
This paper presents the simulation and experimental analysis of an impulse voltage generator (IVG) used for atmospheric discharge voltage tests. The electrical equivalent circuit of the IVG was simulated using the electromagnetic transients program EMTP-VR. Besides the simulation of the generator operation, it was necessary to make a detailed revision of the IVG components and determine their working condition to carry the laboratory experiments. The lack of a high DC voltage source to feed the IVG led to developing a high-voltage dc supply. Although the IVG was designed and built in February 1982, this equipment was out of operation due to its DC power supply failure. Due to the interest in rehabilitating the equipment to perform high voltage experiments, and with the need to characterize insulation materials and electrical equipment subject to electrical stress, it was decided to put it back into operation. Capacitor tests were carried out for each IVG stage to determine if they fulfilled the electrical charging function. Other components were also repaired, such as damaged resistances and sphere gaps. The impulse generator was configured with a maximum of six stages which is half of the original design. Before doing an experiment with the IVG, a simulation analysis was made to study the IVG. The simulation results allow evaluating before the experimentation whether the impulse generator is working correctly; the model allows to analyze the charge and discharge of each capacitor and the electrical currents at each branch of the IVG equivalent circuit. Performance Simulation and experimental results are presented to demonstrate the IVG functionality. The IVG will be used for carrying out insulation tests made by power engineering graduate students.
{"title":"Simulation and Experimental Analysis of an Impulse Voltage Generator","authors":"C. Favela, J. Gonzalez, J. Hernandez-Avila, M. Arjona, C. Hernández, E. Caro","doi":"10.11648/j.jeee.20210904.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20210904.11","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the simulation and experimental analysis of an impulse voltage generator (IVG) used for atmospheric discharge voltage tests. The electrical equivalent circuit of the IVG was simulated using the electromagnetic transients program EMTP-VR. Besides the simulation of the generator operation, it was necessary to make a detailed revision of the IVG components and determine their working condition to carry the laboratory experiments. The lack of a high DC voltage source to feed the IVG led to developing a high-voltage dc supply. Although the IVG was designed and built in February 1982, this equipment was out of operation due to its DC power supply failure. Due to the interest in rehabilitating the equipment to perform high voltage experiments, and with the need to characterize insulation materials and electrical equipment subject to electrical stress, it was decided to put it back into operation. Capacitor tests were carried out for each IVG stage to determine if they fulfilled the electrical charging function. Other components were also repaired, such as damaged resistances and sphere gaps. The impulse generator was configured with a maximum of six stages which is half of the original design. Before doing an experiment with the IVG, a simulation analysis was made to study the IVG. The simulation results allow evaluating before the experimentation whether the impulse generator is working correctly; the model allows to analyze the charge and discharge of each capacitor and the electrical currents at each branch of the IVG equivalent circuit. Performance Simulation and experimental results are presented to demonstrate the IVG functionality. The IVG will be used for carrying out insulation tests made by power engineering graduate students.","PeriodicalId":37533,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Telecommunications","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78678319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-16DOI: 10.11648/j.jeee.20210903.14
G. Sonfack, Pabame Frederic
With the exponential evolution of the complexity of reconfigurable logic circuits, the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) becomes an attractive element to realize reconfigurable virtual instruments, due to their inherent flexibility. The simple bus architecture allows us to use pre-exist IP Cores (IP Cores) in VHDL and interconnecting them, also allowed us to reuse code in all designs. Research on reconfigurable virtual instruments has continued to evolve and has become a real alternative for many research laboratories in developing countries such as Cameroon. In this paper, we present a review of the FPGA-Based Reconfigurable Virtual instrumentation and the experimental tools developed in our labs. The development of experimental sciences and engineering benefits from the ability to obtain reliable data from controlled situations and process as measurements and comparisons. This achievement invokes two parallel approaches: software development and hardware development. This has been demonstrated in our context with the implementation of a virtual oscilloscope. Indeed, with the processing of reconfigurable technological circuit, designing virtual instruments with multiple shapes is henceforth feasible. The advantages offered by this innovation are essentially the reduction of development times, the optimization of resources and the reduction of costs. Given the need for these instruments in research laboratories, their lack in universities in our countries poses a real problem. Fortunately, in recent years, research and technological innovation have largely developed to offer reconfigurable solutions in instrumentation based on SoCs. The oscilloscope described in this article can communicate directly with a PC, using a USB serial port that allows communication between the instruments and the PC.
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