Pub Date : 2001-06-10DOI: 10.1109/MIAR.2001.930256
J. Shah, A. Darzi
Being a competent surgeon involves many factors such as knowledge of anatomy, physiology, pathology operative theory decision-making and communicative skills to name but a few. Manual dexterity and the actual skill required to operate has recently come under increasing scrutiny, and there is growing pressure for surgeons to demonstrate that they can operate well, and maintain this high level of performance throughout their careers. In the changing climate of surgical training, we discuss the use of various techniques of surgical simulation for teaching technical skills outside the operating theatre, and consider the advantages and disadvantages of each. Current methods of assessment that are in place both in the research setting and in practice are also presented.
{"title":"Simulation and skills assessment","authors":"J. Shah, A. Darzi","doi":"10.1109/MIAR.2001.930256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MIAR.2001.930256","url":null,"abstract":"Being a competent surgeon involves many factors such as knowledge of anatomy, physiology, pathology operative theory decision-making and communicative skills to name but a few. Manual dexterity and the actual skill required to operate has recently come under increasing scrutiny, and there is growing pressure for surgeons to demonstrate that they can operate well, and maintain this high level of performance throughout their careers. In the changing climate of surgical training, we discuss the use of various techniques of surgical simulation for teaching technical skills outside the operating theatre, and consider the advantages and disadvantages of each. Current methods of assessment that are in place both in the research setting and in practice are also presented.","PeriodicalId":375408,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Workshop on Medical Imaging and Augmented Reality","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117087240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-06-10DOI: 10.1109/MIAR.2001.930271
Tianmiao Wang, Da Liu, Lei Hu, Hongbo Lv, Zingang Wang, Zesheng Tang
In this paper, a simulation and training system of robot assisted surgery based on virtual reality is proposed setting up from a concrete practical background of frameless stereotactic neurosurgery and a connecting home-made surgical robot. This system combines with 3D display devices and home-made man-machine conversation devices. This system can also improve the speed of displaying interaction of the 3D operation model and establish a robot assisted surgical simulation and training demo system oriented clinical applications.
{"title":"A simulation and training system of robot assisted surgery based on virtual reality","authors":"Tianmiao Wang, Da Liu, Lei Hu, Hongbo Lv, Zingang Wang, Zesheng Tang","doi":"10.1109/MIAR.2001.930271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MIAR.2001.930271","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a simulation and training system of robot assisted surgery based on virtual reality is proposed setting up from a concrete practical background of frameless stereotactic neurosurgery and a connecting home-made surgical robot. This system combines with 3D display devices and home-made man-machine conversation devices. This system can also improve the speed of displaying interaction of the 3D operation model and establish a robot assisted surgical simulation and training demo system oriented clinical applications.","PeriodicalId":375408,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Workshop on Medical Imaging and Augmented Reality","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130523720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We discuss some questions for applying level set methods to image segmentation. During image segmentation, it has been found that the level sets function could be changed into a non-distance function with the initial level set function defined as a distance function. This causes some applications to fail, such as coupled surfaces propagation. In addition, the solution existence and uniqueness of the evolving equation in the level set method has not been discussed in detail. We firstly prove that the signed distance function could be presented to the level set function during the evolution of the level set function through the methods presented in (Sethian, 1999; Gomes and Faugeras, 2000). Furthermore, the solution existence and uniqueness of the level set function evolution equations are analyzed in detail under the distance function restriction. It has been proved that the solutions exist, but are not unique. Finally, this conclusion can be validated in the results of implementation on image segmentation.
{"title":"Level set methods and image segmentation","authors":"Hongchuan Yu, Dejun Wang, Zesheng Tang","doi":"10.1117/12.441475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.441475","url":null,"abstract":"We discuss some questions for applying level set methods to image segmentation. During image segmentation, it has been found that the level sets function could be changed into a non-distance function with the initial level set function defined as a distance function. This causes some applications to fail, such as coupled surfaces propagation. In addition, the solution existence and uniqueness of the evolving equation in the level set method has not been discussed in detail. We firstly prove that the signed distance function could be presented to the level set function during the evolution of the level set function through the methods presented in (Sethian, 1999; Gomes and Faugeras, 2000). Furthermore, the solution existence and uniqueness of the level set function evolution equations are analyzed in detail under the distance function restriction. It has been proved that the solutions exist, but are not unique. Finally, this conclusion can be validated in the results of implementation on image segmentation.","PeriodicalId":375408,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Workshop on Medical Imaging and Augmented Reality","volume":"163 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114106700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-06-10DOI: 10.1109/MIAR.2001.930300
A. Perez, A. Gonzaga, J. M. Alves
This paper presents a methodology for the segmentation and analysis of the tissues in color images of leg ulcers. The segmentation is obtained through an automatic analysis made in the RGB and SI channels by changing from the RGB color space to the HSI color space. The aim is to determine which of the five channels have the characteristic that will make the segmentation process more efficient. After the analysis, the selected channel is segmented and used as a mask over the original image, allowing that only the inner tissues of the wound be analyzed. The analysis is done through predetermined functions that attribute membership grade for each processed pixel as well as its level of engagement in a specified tissue class. The article also shows the results obtained from both the segmentation and analysis of tissues using the proposed method.
{"title":"Segmentation and analysis of leg ulcers color images","authors":"A. Perez, A. Gonzaga, J. M. Alves","doi":"10.1109/MIAR.2001.930300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MIAR.2001.930300","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a methodology for the segmentation and analysis of the tissues in color images of leg ulcers. The segmentation is obtained through an automatic analysis made in the RGB and SI channels by changing from the RGB color space to the HSI color space. The aim is to determine which of the five channels have the characteristic that will make the segmentation process more efficient. After the analysis, the selected channel is segmented and used as a mask over the original image, allowing that only the inner tissues of the wound be analyzed. The analysis is done through predetermined functions that attribute membership grade for each processed pixel as well as its level of engagement in a specified tissue class. The article also shows the results obtained from both the segmentation and analysis of tissues using the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":375408,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Workshop on Medical Imaging and Augmented Reality","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116164688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-06-10DOI: 10.1109/MIAR.2001.930270
Jiao-Ying Shi, Li-Xia Yan
This paper discusses key techniques of deformation and cutting in virtual surgery. It introduces a new geometry reconstruction algorithm, which can get a layered tetrahedron based volume model. Based on the real physical property of soft-tissue a simplified viscoelastic physical model is introduced, and the finite element method is used for the deformation computation. Different from the collision between rigid bodies, in a virtual surgery environment the collision happens usually between a rigid body and a soft body. This paper brings forward an FDH based bounding volume hierarchy algorithm to handle the collision detection successfully. In order to simulate the cutting operation, a global cutting algorithm is introduced. The 3D texture mapping is used to enhance the realistic effect.
{"title":"Deformation and cutting in virtual surgery","authors":"Jiao-Ying Shi, Li-Xia Yan","doi":"10.1109/MIAR.2001.930270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MIAR.2001.930270","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses key techniques of deformation and cutting in virtual surgery. It introduces a new geometry reconstruction algorithm, which can get a layered tetrahedron based volume model. Based on the real physical property of soft-tissue a simplified viscoelastic physical model is introduced, and the finite element method is used for the deformation computation. Different from the collision between rigid bodies, in a virtual surgery environment the collision happens usually between a rigid body and a soft body. This paper brings forward an FDH based bounding volume hierarchy algorithm to handle the collision detection successfully. In order to simulate the cutting operation, a global cutting algorithm is introduced. The 3D texture mapping is used to enhance the realistic effect.","PeriodicalId":375408,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Workshop on Medical Imaging and Augmented Reality","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132410167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-06-10DOI: 10.1109/MIAR.2001.930288
Chunping Liu, Ling Kong, Wen Zhong, Jin Zhu, D. Xia
The identification of a tumor cell of bone marrow involvement (TCoBMI) is very difficult due to the complexity of hematopoiesis in bone marrow. Based on the demand of medical applications, in this paper, the multi-information fusion method based on the Modified Dempster-Shafer method (MDS) and the research of the identification of TCoBMI is presented with three information sources of the micrograph of bone marrow, blood checks and clinical data. The experiment indicates that this method simulates the identification process of the experienced pathologist successfully. The identification of TCoBiMI based on MDS multi-information fusion method is feasible in medical applications. The result suggests that the accuracy of identification is high and the method of three information source fusion is a powerful aid of diagnosis to identify TCoBMI.
{"title":"Multi-information fusion based tumor cell of bone marrow involvement","authors":"Chunping Liu, Ling Kong, Wen Zhong, Jin Zhu, D. Xia","doi":"10.1109/MIAR.2001.930288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MIAR.2001.930288","url":null,"abstract":"The identification of a tumor cell of bone marrow involvement (TCoBMI) is very difficult due to the complexity of hematopoiesis in bone marrow. Based on the demand of medical applications, in this paper, the multi-information fusion method based on the Modified Dempster-Shafer method (MDS) and the research of the identification of TCoBMI is presented with three information sources of the micrograph of bone marrow, blood checks and clinical data. The experiment indicates that this method simulates the identification process of the experienced pathologist successfully. The identification of TCoBiMI based on MDS multi-information fusion method is feasible in medical applications. The result suggests that the accuracy of identification is high and the method of three information source fusion is a powerful aid of diagnosis to identify TCoBMI.","PeriodicalId":375408,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Workshop on Medical Imaging and Augmented Reality","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124850988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-06-10DOI: 10.1109/MIAR.2001.930272
D. Mori, Takami Yamaguchi
The human aortic arch has significant torsion in addition to its large curvature. It was previously pointed out from some clinical observations that the torsion may be related to the development of the thoracic aneurysms. It is also known that the torsion affects the blood flow, which is suspected to be associated with various vascular diseases. In this study, a realistic three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of a human aortic arch was constructed based on a set of MR images and the blood flow in the arch was simulated. The results showed that the torsion of the aortic arch centerline led to a complex localized distribution of the wall shear stress at the top of the arch. MRI based modeling was shown to be a powerful means to investigate computational fluid mechanical analysis of the blood flow.
{"title":"Construction of the CFD model of the aortic arch based on MR images and simulation of the blood flow","authors":"D. Mori, Takami Yamaguchi","doi":"10.1109/MIAR.2001.930272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MIAR.2001.930272","url":null,"abstract":"The human aortic arch has significant torsion in addition to its large curvature. It was previously pointed out from some clinical observations that the torsion may be related to the development of the thoracic aneurysms. It is also known that the torsion affects the blood flow, which is suspected to be associated with various vascular diseases. In this study, a realistic three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of a human aortic arch was constructed based on a set of MR images and the blood flow in the arch was simulated. The results showed that the torsion of the aortic arch centerline led to a complex localized distribution of the wall shear stress at the top of the arch. MRI based modeling was shown to be a powerful means to investigate computational fluid mechanical analysis of the blood flow.","PeriodicalId":375408,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Workshop on Medical Imaging and Augmented Reality","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129638765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-06-10DOI: 10.1109/MIAR.2001.930276
E. Gladilin, S. Zachow, P. Deuflhard, H. Hege
Soft tissue prediction is an important additional criterion in surgical planning. Especially in craniofacial surgery the realistic prediction of a patient's postoperative appearance is of utmost importance. A physically based modeling approach seems to be most suitable for the achievement of realistic results. However the properties of biological structures are highly complex and scarcely investigated, thus simplified models are often applied. In this paper we describe our FE based modeling approach for static soft tissue prediction and muscle muscle simulation.
{"title":"A biomechanical model for soft tissue simulation in craniofacial surgery","authors":"E. Gladilin, S. Zachow, P. Deuflhard, H. Hege","doi":"10.1109/MIAR.2001.930276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MIAR.2001.930276","url":null,"abstract":"Soft tissue prediction is an important additional criterion in surgical planning. Especially in craniofacial surgery the realistic prediction of a patient's postoperative appearance is of utmost importance. A physically based modeling approach seems to be most suitable for the achievement of realistic results. However the properties of biological structures are highly complex and scarcely investigated, thus simplified models are often applied. In this paper we describe our FE based modeling approach for static soft tissue prediction and muscle muscle simulation.","PeriodicalId":375408,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Workshop on Medical Imaging and Augmented Reality","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130427079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-06-10DOI: 10.1109/MIAR.2001.930292
Francis K. H. Quek, C. Kirbas
We present an approach for the extraction of vasculature from angiography images by using a wave propagation and traceback mechanism. We discuss both the theory and the implementation of the approach. Using a dual-sigmoidal filter, we label each pixel in an angiogram with the likelihood that it is within a vessel. Representing the reciprocal of this likelihood image as an array of refractive indices, we propagate a digital wave through the image from the base of the vascular tree. This wave 'washes' over the vasculature, ignoring local noise perturbations. The extraction of the vasculature becomes that of tracing the wave along the local normals to the waveform. While the approach is inherently SIMD, we present an efficient sequential algorithm for the wave propagation, and discuss the traceback algorithm. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our integer image neighborhood-based algorithm and its robustness to image noise.
{"title":"Simulated wave propagation and traceback in vascular extraction","authors":"Francis K. H. Quek, C. Kirbas","doi":"10.1109/MIAR.2001.930292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MIAR.2001.930292","url":null,"abstract":"We present an approach for the extraction of vasculature from angiography images by using a wave propagation and traceback mechanism. We discuss both the theory and the implementation of the approach. Using a dual-sigmoidal filter, we label each pixel in an angiogram with the likelihood that it is within a vessel. Representing the reciprocal of this likelihood image as an array of refractive indices, we propagate a digital wave through the image from the base of the vascular tree. This wave 'washes' over the vasculature, ignoring local noise perturbations. The extraction of the vasculature becomes that of tracing the wave along the local normals to the waveform. While the approach is inherently SIMD, we present an efficient sequential algorithm for the wave propagation, and discuss the traceback algorithm. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our integer image neighborhood-based algorithm and its robustness to image noise.","PeriodicalId":375408,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Workshop on Medical Imaging and Augmented Reality","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127895590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-06-10DOI: 10.1109/MIAR.2001.930282
C. Chow, H. Tsui, Tong Lee, Tze Kin Lau
The free-form surface registration problem is important in medical image processing and reconstruction. An accurate, robust and fast solution is, therefore, of great significance. Most existing approaches, like iterative closest point (ICP) or mutual information, can only work under many assumptions or limitations. In this paper we propose an new approach using an improved genetic algorithm for finding the transformation, a translation and a rotation, between two free-form surfaces, that are partially overlapped. Application of the algorithm to 3D object model construction using multiple image integration is investigated. The experimental results showed that the improved genetic algorithm for surface registration and model constriction is robust and is faster than all existing methods in the literatures.
{"title":"Medical image registration and model construction using genetic algorithms","authors":"C. Chow, H. Tsui, Tong Lee, Tze Kin Lau","doi":"10.1109/MIAR.2001.930282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MIAR.2001.930282","url":null,"abstract":"The free-form surface registration problem is important in medical image processing and reconstruction. An accurate, robust and fast solution is, therefore, of great significance. Most existing approaches, like iterative closest point (ICP) or mutual information, can only work under many assumptions or limitations. In this paper we propose an new approach using an improved genetic algorithm for finding the transformation, a translation and a rotation, between two free-form surfaces, that are partially overlapped. Application of the algorithm to 3D object model construction using multiple image integration is investigated. The experimental results showed that the improved genetic algorithm for surface registration and model constriction is robust and is faster than all existing methods in the literatures.","PeriodicalId":375408,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Workshop on Medical Imaging and Augmented Reality","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121165149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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