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Going Open Access: The Attitudes and Actions of Scientific Journal Editors in China 走向开放获取:中国科技期刊编辑的态度与行动
IF 5.2 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.3390/publications12010001
Wenqi Fu, Jie Xu, Qing Fang, Jingjia Ding, Hanqing Ma
This study aims to investigate the attitudes and actions of scientific journal editors in China towards open access. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 Chinese editors from various scientific journals during September and October of 2022. The results indicate that the editors generally possess knowledge of open access and have implemented an appropriate open access model for their respective journals. However, the Chinese-language journal editors expressed a lack of motivation to adopt open access, unless there is a reform in the mechanism of academic publishing or a policy is imposed. On the other hand, the English-language journal editors acknowledged that they have no other choice but to adopt open access. This study helps us learn about Chinese editors’ understanding and attitudes towards open access, the current status of open access in China’s scientific journals, and the mechanisms of academic publishing in China.
本研究旨在调查中国科技期刊编辑对开放存取的态度和行动。在2022年9月至10月期间,我们对17位来自不同科技期刊的中国编辑进行了半结构式访谈。结果显示,编辑们普遍对开放存取有所了解,并在各自的期刊上实施了适当的开放存取模式。不过,中文期刊编辑表示,除非学术出版机制改革或政策强制,否则他们缺乏采用开放存取的动力。另一方面,英文期刊编辑则承认,他们除了采用开放存取外别无选择。本研究有助于我们了解中国编辑对开放获取的理解和态度、中国科技期刊开放获取的现状以及中国学术出版的机制。
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引用次数: 0
Correction: Heuritsch, J. Reflexive Behaviour: How Publication Pressure Affects Research Quality in Astronomy. Publications 2021, 9, 52 更正:Heuritsch, J. Reflexive Behaviour:出版压力如何影响天文学研究质量.出版物 2021, 9, 52
IF 5.2 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-11 DOI: 10.3390/publications11040052
Julia Heuritsch
The author was responsible for these errors in the original publication [...]
作者对原始出版物中的这些错误负责 [...]
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引用次数: 0
Dominant Characteristics of Subject Categories in a Multiple-Category Hierarchical Scheme: A Case Study of Scopus 多类别分层方案中主题类别的主要特征:Scopus 案例研究
IF 5.2 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.3390/publications11040051
Eungi Kim, Da-Yeong Jeong
The Scopus journal classification method, known as All Science Journal Classification (ASJC), follows a hierarchical organization of subject categories: minor, major, and supergroups. At the minor level, journals are assigned to one or more subject categories. We refer to this classification scheme as a multiple-category hierarchical scheme. The objective of this study is to investigate the dominant characteristics of subject categories within the Scopus database and quantify their dominance using various subject indices. To conduct the study, we formulated a set of subject category indices, including the Number of Journals (J), Total Instances of Subject Categories (SC), Number of Unique Subject Categories (USC), and Dominance Index (DOMI). The results showed that high DOMI values in subject categories indicate specialization and limited associations with other fields. There were minimal correlations between DOMI and other subject category indices like J, SC, and USC, demonstrating their uniqueness and independence. The study also revealed that subject categories within the Health Sciences exhibited higher DOMI values and greater specialization compared to those in the Physical Sciences, indicating a pronounced dominance in Health Sciences minor categories. Finally, minor subject categories exhibited more variation in subject category indices compared to their upper-level subject categories, highlighting the intricate variations within the hierarchical system of the Scopus classification. These findings have implications for researchers, emphasizing the need to consider a subject category’s dominance and associations when selecting journals for their research.
Scopus期刊分类方法,被称为全科学期刊分类(ASJC),遵循主题类别的层次组织:次要、主要和超组。在次要级别,期刊被分配到一个或多个主题类别。我们把这种分类方案称为多类别分层方案。本研究的目的是调查Scopus数据库中主题类别的主导特征,并使用各种主题指数量化它们的主导地位。为了进行研究,我们制定了一套学科类别指标,包括期刊数量(J)、学科类别总数(SC)、唯一学科类别数量(USC)和优势指数(DOMI)。结果表明,学科类别的高DOMI值表明专业化和与其他领域的关联有限。DOMI与J、SC、USC等其他主题类指标的相关性很小,显示了它们的独特性和独立性。研究还显示,与物理科学的学科类别相比,健康科学的学科类别表现出更高的DOMI值和更大的专业化,表明健康科学的次要类别明显占主导地位。最后,小主题分类的主题分类指数比大主题分类的主题分类指数变化更大,凸显了Scopus分类体系内部复杂的变化。这些发现对研究人员有启示意义,强调在为他们的研究选择期刊时需要考虑一个学科类别的主导地位和关联。
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引用次数: 0
Options in the (Semi-)Periphery: A Review of Multilingual Scholars’ Choices of Topics, Methodologies, and Theories in Research and Publishing 半)边缘的选择:多语种学者在研究和出版中的主题、方法和理论选择综述
IF 5.2 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-21 DOI: 10.3390/publications11040050
Xiatinghan Xu
In most global contexts, academic publishing plays an essential part of scholars’ professional lives. For multilingual scholars, who may use multiple languages and publish for different communities, publishing can entail making a range of important choices. To date, while there has been a substantial amount of research on multilingual scholars’ choices of language and genre, little has focused on their choices of topics, methodologies, and theories, which are also important aspects of their research and publishing practices. In this review article, I explore specifically what the extant research has found about why multilingual scholars make particular choices of topics, methodologies, and theories outside of Anglophone contexts. Reviewing research published between 2004 and 2023, I found that overall, scholars’ choices in such aspects are motivated by their desire for professional success and their aims of making academic and social contributions. Also, their choices can be further complicated by various sociopolitical factors. I argue that the current strand of research mainly focuses on the neoliberal contexts of publishing and the effects of Anglophone academia on global knowledge production, whereas the practices of multilingual scholars outside the Anglosphere can be also affected by many other factors that have received less attention.
在大多数全球环境中,学术出版是学者职业生活的重要组成部分。对于可能使用多种语言并为不同群体发表论文的多语言学者来说,发表论文可能需要做出一系列重要选择。迄今为止,虽然已有大量研究涉及多语言学者对语言和体裁的选择,但很少有人关注他们对主题、方法论和理论的选择,而这些也是他们研究和出版实践的重要方面。在这篇综述文章中,我将具体探讨现有研究发现的多语言学者在英语语境之外对主题、方法论和理论做出特殊选择的原因。通过回顾 2004 年至 2023 年间发表的研究,我发现总体而言,学者在这些方面的选择是出于他们对职业成功的渴望,以及做出学术和社会贡献的目的。此外,各种社会政治因素也会使他们的选择变得更加复杂。我认为,目前的研究主要集中于出版业的新自由主义背景以及英语学术界对全球知识生产的影响,而英语圈以外的多语言学者的实践还可能受到许多其他因素的影响,而这些因素较少受到关注。
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引用次数: 0
Migrating 120,000 Legacy Publications from Several Systems into a Current Research Information System Using Advanced Data Wrangling Techniques 使用先进的数据整理技术将12万份遗留出版物从几个系统迁移到当前的研究信息系统
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.3390/publications11040049
Yrjö Lappalainen, Matti Lassila, Tanja Heikkilä, Jani Nieminen, Tapani Lehtilä
This article describes a complex CRIS (current research information system) implementation project involving the migration of around 120,000 legacy publication records from three different systems. The project, undertaken by Tampere University, encountered several challenges in data diversity, data quality, and resource allocation. To handle the extensive and heterogenous dataset, innovative approaches such as machine learning techniques and various data wrangling tools were used to process data, correct errors, and merge information from different sources. Despite significant delays and unforeseen obstacles, the project was ultimately successful in achieving its goals. The project served as a valuable learning experience, highlighting the importance of data quality and standardized practices, and the need for dedicated resources in handling complex data migration projects in research organizations. This study stands out for its comprehensive documentation of the data wrangling and migration process, which has been less explored in the context of CRIS literature.
本文描述了一个复杂的CRIS(当前研究信息系统)实现项目,涉及从三个不同系统迁移大约120,000个遗留出版记录。该项目由坦佩雷大学承担,在数据多样性、数据质量和资源分配方面遇到了一些挑战。为了处理广泛而异构的数据集,使用了机器学习技术和各种数据整理工具等创新方法来处理数据,纠正错误,并合并来自不同来源的信息。尽管有重大的延误和不可预见的障碍,该项目最终成功地实现了其目标。该项目提供了宝贵的学习经验,突出了数据质量和标准化实践的重要性,以及在研究组织中处理复杂数据迁移项目时需要专用资源。本研究因其对数据整理和迁移过程的全面记录而脱颖而出,这在CRIS文献的背景下探索较少。
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引用次数: 0
Mapping Two Decades of Research Productivity in the Middle Eastern and Arab Countries: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis 绘制中东和阿拉伯国家二十年的研究生产力:一个全面的文献计量分析
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.3390/publications11040048
Latefa Ali Dardas, Ahmad M. A. Malkawi, Sami Sweis, Nadia Sweis, Amjad Al-Khayat, Faleh A. Sawair
Middle Eastern and Arab countries have been experiencing significant advancements in scientific research and development over the past few decades. Understanding the trends, patterns, and impact of research within this region can provide valuable insights into its scientific landscape, identify areas of strength, and uncover potential areas for improvement. This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of research productivity in the Middle Eastern and Arab region over a 20-year period. The findings revealed a consistent increase in research productivity, yet mapped significant disparities between countries in scholarly output, excellence, and impact. Adjusting for population size and GDP, Iran displayed the highest publication activity, trailed by Egypt and Turkey. Delving into the distribution of research output across different journal quartiles, the results revealed that this region has a lower percentage of scholarly output published in high-impact journals (both the top 10% and the top 25% categories). Compared to North America and the European Union, the Middle Eastern and Arab region consistently exhibited lower performance in terms of top 10% citations, average citations per publication, and field-weighted citation impact. The field of physical sciences took the lead as the most prevalent subject area in the Middle Eastern and Arab region, comprising about 60.5% of the research emphasis. Conversely, social sciences garnered comparatively less research attention, making up approximately 8.9% of the focus. The region showed strong international collaboration levels (40.5%), yet relatively low national (24.4%) and academic–corporate collaborations (1.5%). The outcomes of this study can facilitate international comparisons and benchmarking, allowing Middle Eastern and Arab countries to position themselves within the global scientific community. There remains a need to prioritize quality over quantity by emphasizing rigorous research practices and collaboration. An ongoing evaluation of research performance using a combination of indicators can help track progress and adjust strategies as needed.
过去几十年来,中东和阿拉伯国家在科学研究和发展方面取得了重大进展。了解该地区研究的趋势、模式和影响可以为其科学景观提供有价值的见解,确定优势领域,并发现潜在的改进领域。本研究对中东和阿拉伯地区20年来的研究生产力进行了全面的文献计量分析。研究结果显示,研究生产力持续提高,但各国在学术产出、卓越水平和影响力方面存在显著差异。根据人口规模和GDP进行调整后,伊朗的出版活动最高,埃及和土耳其紧随其后。深入研究不同期刊四分位数的研究成果分布,结果显示,该地区在高影响力期刊(前10%和前25%类别)上发表的学术成果百分比较低。与北美和欧盟相比,中东和阿拉伯地区在前10%的引用率、每篇论文的平均引用率和领域加权引用影响方面的表现一直较低。在中东和阿拉伯地区,物理科学领域是最受欢迎的学科领域,占研究重点的60.5%。相反,社会科学获得的研究关注相对较少,约占焦点的8.9%。该地区的国际合作水平较高(40.5%),但国内合作(24.4%)和学术与企业合作(1.5%)相对较低。这项研究的结果可以促进国际比较和基准,使中东和阿拉伯国家能够在全球科学界中定位自己。仍然需要通过强调严格的研究实践和合作来优先考虑质量而不是数量。利用综合指标对研究绩效进行持续评估有助于跟踪进展情况并根据需要调整战略。
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引用次数: 0
Some Insights into the Factors Influencing Continuous Citation of Retracted Scientific Papers 影响被撤稿科技论文持续被引因素的几点认识
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-08 DOI: 10.3390/publications11040047
Bor Luen Tang
Once retracted, the citation count of a research paper might be intuitively expected to drop precipitously. Here, we assessed the post-retraction citation of life and medical sciences papers from two top-ranked, multidisciplinary journals Nature and Science, from 2010 to 2018. Post-retraction citations accounted for a staggering 47.7% and 40.9% of total citations (median values), respectively, of the papers included in our analysis. These numbers are comparable with those from two journals with lower impact factors, and with retracted papers from the physical sciences discipline. A more qualitative assessment of five papers from the two journals with a high percentage (>50%) of post-retraction citations, all of which are associated with misconduct, reveal different contributing reasons and factors. Retracted papers associated with highly publicized misconduct cases are more prone to being cited with the retraction status indicated, or projected negatively (such as in the context of research ethics and misconduct discussions), with the latter also indicated by cross-disciplinary citations by humanities and social sciences articles. Retracted papers that retained significant validity in their main findings/conclusions may receive a large number of neutral citations that are somewhat blind to the retraction. Retracted papers in popular subject areas with massive publication outputs, particularly secondary publications such as reviews, may also have a high background citation noise. Our findings add further insights to the nature of post-retraction citations beyond the plain notion that these are largely made through sheer ignorance or negligence by the citing authors.
一旦撤回,一篇研究论文的引用数可能会直观地急剧下降。在这里,我们评估了2010年至2018年两本排名最高的多学科期刊《自然》和《科学》的生命和医学科学论文的撤稿后引用情况。在我们分析的论文中,撤稿后的引用量分别占总引用量(中位数)的47.7%和40.9%。这些数字与影响因子较低的两种期刊的数字相当,也与物理科学学科撤回的论文相当。对来自两家期刊的五篇论文进行了更定性的评估,这些论文在撤稿后被引用的比例很高(>50%),所有这些都与不当行为有关,揭示了不同的原因和因素。与高度公开的不当行为案例相关的撤稿论文更容易被引用时显示撤稿状态,或负面预测(例如在研究伦理和不当行为讨论的背景下),后者也会被人文和社会科学文章的跨学科引用所显示。被撤回的论文在其主要发现/结论中保留了显著的有效性,可能会收到大量中立的引用,这些引用在某种程度上对撤稿是盲目的。发表量大的热门学科领域的撤稿论文,特别是次要出版物,如综述,也可能有很高的背景引文噪声。我们的发现进一步深入了解了撤稿后引用的本质,而不是简单地认为这些引用主要是由于引用作者的无知或疏忽造成的。
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引用次数: 0
Determining the Characteristics of Papers That Garner the Most Significant Impact: A Deep Dive into Mexican Engineering Publications 确定获得最显著影响的论文的特征:深入研究墨西哥工程出版物
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.3390/publications11040046
Claudia N. Gonzalez Brambila, José I. Ponce, Silvia B. Gonzalez Brambila, Matias F. Milia
Engineers make things, make things work, and make things work better and easier. This kind of knowledge is crucial for innovation, and much of the explicit knowledge developed by engineers is embodied in scientific publications. In this paper, we analyze the evolution of publications and citations in engineering in a middle-income country such as Mexico. Using a database of all Mexican publications in Web of Science from 2004 to 2017, we explore the characteristics of publications that tend to have the greatest impact; this is the highest number of citations. Among the variables studied are the type of collaboration (no collaboration, domestic, bilateral, or multilateral), the number of coauthors and countries, controlling for a coauthor from the USA, and the affiliation institution of the Mexican author(s). Our results emphasize the overall importance of joint international efforts and suggest that publications with the highest number of citations are those with multinational collaboration (coauthors from three or more countries) and when one of the coauthors is from the USA. Another interesting result is that single-authored papers have had a higher impact than those written through domestic collaboration.
工程师制造东西,让东西工作,让东西工作得更好、更容易。这种知识对创新至关重要,工程师开发的许多显性知识都体现在科学出版物中。本文分析了中等收入国家(如墨西哥)工程领域出版物和引文的演变。利用2004年至2017年Web of Science中所有墨西哥出版物的数据库,我们探索了具有最大影响力的出版物的特征;这是最高的引用数。研究的变量包括合作类型(无合作、国内合作、双边合作或多边合作)、合作作者的数量和国家(控制了一位来自美国的合作作者),以及墨西哥作者的隶属机构。我们的研究结果强调了国际合作的总体重要性,并表明引用次数最多的出版物是那些跨国合作(来自三个或更多国家的合著者),其中一位合著者来自美国。另一个有趣的结果是,单独撰写的论文比国内合作撰写的论文具有更高的影响力。
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引用次数: 0
Children of AI: A Protocol for Managing the Born-Digital Ephemera Spawned by Generative AI Language Models 人工智能的孩子:一种管理由生成式人工智能语言模型生成的出生数字蜉蝣的协议
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.3390/publications11030045
Dirk H. R. Spennemann
The recent public release of the generative AI language model ChatGPT has captured the public imagination and has resulted in a rapid uptake and widespread experimentation by the general public and academia alike. The number of academic publications focusing on the capabilities as well as practical and ethical implications of generative AI has been growing exponentially. One of the concerns with this unprecedented growth in scholarship related to generative AI, in particular, ChatGPT, is that, in most cases, the raw data, which is the text of the original ‘conversations,’ have not been made available to the audience of the papers and thus cannot be drawn on to assess the veracity of the arguments made and the conclusions drawn therefrom. This paper provides a protocol for the documentation and archiving of these raw data.
最近公开发布的生成人工智能语言模型ChatGPT吸引了公众的想象力,并导致了公众和学术界的快速吸收和广泛的实验。关注生成式人工智能的能力以及实践和伦理影响的学术出版物数量呈指数级增长。与生成式人工智能(尤其是ChatGPT)相关的学术研究出现了前所未有的增长,其中一个令人担忧的问题是,在大多数情况下,原始数据,即原始“对话”的文本,并没有提供给论文的读者,因此无法用来评估论点的真实性以及由此得出的结论。本文为这些原始数据的文档化和归档提供了一种协议。
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引用次数: 0
Promoting Open Access in Research-Performing Organizations: Spheres of Activity, Challenges, and Future Action Areas 促进研究机构的开放获取:活动领域、挑战和未来行动领域
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-20 DOI: 10.3390/publications11030044
Heinz Pampel
Open access (OA) has become a critical issue in science policy and affects a wide range of activities in universities and research labs. Research-performing organizations (RPOs), defined as publicly funded universities and research institutions, face significant challenges in shaping the OA transformation. This article examines the spheres of activity available to RPOs for shaping the OA transformation, using a categorization of 22 spheres of activity related to OA. These spheres of activity include strategy and communication, services and infrastructures, business relationships with publishers, and collaborations. Current challenges and future action areas in promoting OA are also described, providing support for RPOs in handling OA and highlighting key issues. The categorization can serve as a tool for systematically assessing OA activities at RPOs and shows that OA is a cross-cutting issue in these organizations. Collaboration on OA activities, both within and beyond organizations, presents a challenge. To effectively promote OA, it is crucial to strengthen the interaction between funding agencies and RPOs. Libraries are critical stakeholders, playing a vital role in advancing OA at the local, national, and international levels in partnership with RPO management and other partners in faculty, administration, and information technology.
开放获取(OA)已成为科学政策中的一个关键问题,并影响着大学和研究实验室的广泛活动。研究执行组织(RPOs),定义为公共资助的大学和研究机构,在塑造OA转型方面面临重大挑战。本文使用与OA相关的22个活动领域的分类,研究了rpo可用于塑造OA转换的活动领域。这些活动领域包括战略和沟通、服务和基础设施、与出版商的业务关系以及合作。阐述了推进OA的当前挑战和未来行动领域,为rpo处理OA提供了支持,并突出了关键问题。分类可以作为系统地评估rpo中的OA活动的工具,并显示OA在这些组织中是一个横切问题。组织内外的OA活动协作是一个挑战。为了有效地促进OA,加强资助机构与rpo之间的互动至关重要。图书馆是关键的利益相关者,在地方、国家和国际层面上与RPO管理层以及教职员工、行政部门和信息技术方面的其他合作伙伴合作,在推进OA方面发挥着至关重要的作用。
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引用次数: 0
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