Pub Date : 2022-10-19DOI: 10.5965/223811712132022282
R. Salvador, P. Marcusso, G. Claudiano, F. A. Marinho-Neto, J. Yunis-Aguinaga, F. C. Ramos‐Espinoza, V. A. Cueva-Quiroz, J. E. R. Moraes
Streptococcosis caused by Streptococcus agalactiae is a major economic problem for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus production worldwide. Inactivated vaccines are considered an efficient method for controlling streptococcosis. However, during the vaccination process, stress during fish handling could affect the immune response. Immunomodulators, such as thymomodulin, act on the immune system and can improve vaccination responses. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the immunomodulatory effect of thymomodulin in O. niloticus vaccinated against S. agalactiae. For this, fish were distributed in a factorial design (2x2x6), corresponding to two levels of thymomodulin supplementation (0.0 and 0.3%), two treatments (sterile phosphate buffered saline and inactivated S. agalactiae vaccine). Initially, fish received thymomodulin supplementation for 30 days. Next, fish were vaccinated by injection intraperitoneal (i.p.) of heat inactivated S. agalactiae vaccine. 15 days after vaccination, all fish were challenged i.p. with S. agalactiae and blood samples were collected at 7, 14, 21 days post infection (DPI). Results revealed that fish supplemented with thymomodulin vaccinated or not developed better protection against S. agalactiae than vaccinated fish without thymomodulin. Furthermore, fish vaccinated and supplemented with thymomodulin presented high levels of antibodies after 14 and 21 DPI, suggesting that thymomodulin can promote the immune response in Nile tilapia.
{"title":"Thymomodulin enhances vaccination responses against Streptococcus agalactiae in Nile tilapia","authors":"R. Salvador, P. Marcusso, G. Claudiano, F. A. Marinho-Neto, J. Yunis-Aguinaga, F. C. Ramos‐Espinoza, V. A. Cueva-Quiroz, J. E. R. Moraes","doi":"10.5965/223811712132022282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5965/223811712132022282","url":null,"abstract":"Streptococcosis caused by Streptococcus agalactiae is a major economic problem for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus production worldwide. Inactivated vaccines are considered an efficient method for controlling streptococcosis. However, during the vaccination process, stress during fish handling could affect the immune response. Immunomodulators, such as thymomodulin, act on the immune system and can improve vaccination responses. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the immunomodulatory effect of thymomodulin in O. niloticus vaccinated against S. agalactiae. For this, fish were distributed in a factorial design (2x2x6), corresponding to two levels of thymomodulin supplementation (0.0 and 0.3%), two treatments (sterile phosphate buffered saline and inactivated S. agalactiae vaccine). Initially, fish received thymomodulin supplementation for 30 days. Next, fish were vaccinated by injection intraperitoneal (i.p.) of heat inactivated S. agalactiae vaccine. 15 days after vaccination, all fish were challenged i.p. with S. agalactiae and blood samples were collected at 7, 14, 21 days post infection (DPI). Results revealed that fish supplemented with thymomodulin vaccinated or not developed better protection against S. agalactiae than vaccinated fish without thymomodulin. Furthermore, fish vaccinated and supplemented with thymomodulin presented high levels of antibodies after 14 and 21 DPI, suggesting that thymomodulin can promote the immune response in Nile tilapia.","PeriodicalId":37575,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencias Agroveterinarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47904769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-19DOI: 10.5965/223811712132022339
Amannda de Souza Mendonça, Carlos Eduardo Pereira, D. M. P. Silva, A. L. P. Kikuti
Lettuce is the main leafy vegetable commercialized in Brazil and it is cultivated in many different environment conditions and regions. But, under high temperature and high light intensity lettuce plants tend to early flowering, making it difficult to obtain high-quality lettuce harvest. Thus, this study was aimed to evaluate the productive performance of lettuce cultivars in a greenhouse in the municipality of Humaitá, Amazonas state (AM). The cultivars used were Rafaela and Hanson, Veneranda, Mônica SF 31, Simpson, Solaris, Elba, Quatro Estações and Babá de Verão. The lettuce seedlings were transplanted 24 days after sowing into a greenhouse covered by 100 micra polyethylene transparent agrofilm. It was used bed with 33-m-long and 1-m-wide, using 30 cm x 30 cm spacing between plants. The experimental design was randomized complete block with four replications. The parameters evaluated 32 days after transplanting were plant diameter, number of leaves, stem length and shoot dry mass. Cultivars Babá de Verão and Elba presented a better agronomic performance for cultivation in greenhouse in municipality of Humaitá, Amazonas state.
莴苣是巴西主要的商业化叶菜，在许多不同的环境条件和地区都有种植。但是，在高温强光条件下，生菜植株往往开花早，难以获得高品质的生菜收获。因此，本研究旨在评估亚马逊州humait市(AM)温室中生菜品种的生产性能。使用的品种有Rafaela和Hanson、Veneranda、Mônica SF 31、Simpson、Solaris、Elba、Quatro Estações和bab de ver o。播种24天后，将莴苣幼苗移栽到覆盖100微米聚乙烯透明农膜的温室中。种植床长33米，宽1米，植株间距30厘米× 30厘米。试验设计为随机完全区组，设4个重复。移栽32 d后测定的参数为植株直径、叶片数、茎长和地上部干质量。品种bab de ver o和Elba在亚马逊州humait市大棚栽培中表现出较好的农艺性能。
{"title":"Production of lettuce cultivars in greenhouse in Humaitá, southern Amazonas state","authors":"Amannda de Souza Mendonça, Carlos Eduardo Pereira, D. M. P. Silva, A. L. P. Kikuti","doi":"10.5965/223811712132022339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5965/223811712132022339","url":null,"abstract":"Lettuce is the main leafy vegetable commercialized in Brazil and it is cultivated in many different environment conditions and regions. But, under high temperature and high light intensity lettuce plants tend to early flowering, making it difficult to obtain high-quality lettuce harvest. Thus, this study was aimed to evaluate the productive performance of lettuce cultivars in a greenhouse in the municipality of Humaitá, Amazonas state (AM). The cultivars used were Rafaela and Hanson, Veneranda, Mônica SF 31, Simpson, Solaris, Elba, Quatro Estações and Babá de Verão. The lettuce seedlings were transplanted 24 days after sowing into a greenhouse covered by 100 micra polyethylene transparent agrofilm. It was used bed with 33-m-long and 1-m-wide, using 30 cm x 30 cm spacing between plants. The experimental design was randomized complete block with four replications. The parameters evaluated 32 days after transplanting were plant diameter, number of leaves, stem length and shoot dry mass. Cultivars Babá de Verão and Elba presented a better agronomic performance for cultivation in greenhouse in municipality of Humaitá, Amazonas state.","PeriodicalId":37575,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencias Agroveterinarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45048685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-19DOI: 10.5965/223811712132022349
Túlio Leite Reis, Christiane Silva Souza, Felipe Dilelis, Pollianna Luciene da Silva Soares, Pedro Henrique Viana Silva, Fernando Augusto Curvello
A temperatura corporal é um dos indicadores de suscetibilidade dos frangos de corte ao estresse térmico, o que pode comprometer o desempenho. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as correlações entre as temperaturas superficial e retal, além do peso médio de frangos de corte avaliados em diferentes idades. Foram avaliadas as temperaturas do dorso, peito e reto das aves, além do peso médio das aves aos 7, 14, 21 e 35 dias de idade. Cem aves foram avaliadas para cada idade de avaliação, e as variáveis foram submetidas à análise de correlação de Pearson. A temperatura retal apresentou correlação com a do peito quando as aves foram avaliadas aos 7 e 14 dias de idade. O peso médio correlacionou-se apenas com as temperaturas retal e do peito aos 14 e 21 dias de idade, respectivamente. As correlações entre as temperaturas foram fracas ou insignificantes na maioria das idades estudadas. Portanto, a temperatura da pele não é um parâmetro adequado para medir a temperatura de frangos de corte em comparação com a retal, de modo que o uso de termômetro infravermelho não se mostrou uma estratégia útil para estimar a temperatura interna de frangos de corte.
{"title":"Correlações entre as temperaturas da superfície corpórea e retal e os pesos médios de frangos de corte","authors":"Túlio Leite Reis, Christiane Silva Souza, Felipe Dilelis, Pollianna Luciene da Silva Soares, Pedro Henrique Viana Silva, Fernando Augusto Curvello","doi":"10.5965/223811712132022349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5965/223811712132022349","url":null,"abstract":"A temperatura corporal é um dos indicadores de suscetibilidade dos frangos de corte ao estresse térmico, o que pode comprometer o desempenho. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as correlações entre as temperaturas superficial e retal, além do peso médio de frangos de corte avaliados em diferentes idades. Foram avaliadas as temperaturas do dorso, peito e reto das aves, além do peso médio das aves aos 7, 14, 21 e 35 dias de idade. Cem aves foram avaliadas para cada idade de avaliação, e as variáveis foram submetidas à análise de correlação de Pearson. A temperatura retal apresentou correlação com a do peito quando as aves foram avaliadas aos 7 e 14 dias de idade. O peso médio correlacionou-se apenas com as temperaturas retal e do peito aos 14 e 21 dias de idade, respectivamente. As correlações entre as temperaturas foram fracas ou insignificantes na maioria das idades estudadas. Portanto, a temperatura da pele não é um parâmetro adequado para medir a temperatura de frangos de corte em comparação com a retal, de modo que o uso de termômetro infravermelho não se mostrou uma estratégia útil para estimar a temperatura interna de frangos de corte.","PeriodicalId":37575,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencias Agroveterinarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47459968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-19DOI: 10.5965/223811712132022256
V. F. D. Oliveira, Latóia Eduarda Maltzahn, V. E. Viana, Eduardo Venske, L. C. Maia, A. Oliveira, C. Pegoraro
Rice production (Oryza sativa L.) is among the most economically important activities in the world. However, soil and salinity coming from irrigation water reduce rice yield. Therefore, the identification and/or development of salt-tolerant rice genotypes is a strategy to minimize this problem. The development of new genotypes depends on the presence of genetic diversity, and understanding the heritability of a desired trait can help in the selection process. Thus, this study aimed to identify superior genotypes, analyze the genetic diversity and estimate the heritability for salinity tolerance at the seedling stage in rice genotypes used in Brazil. For this, seedlings of 69 genotypes were kept in hydroponic solution with 40 mM NaCl (4 dSm-1) for seven days. Shoot length, root length, shoot dry weight, and root dry weight) were evaluated and the results were converted into relative performance. Tolerant and moderately salt-tolerant genotypes were identified at the seedling stage, which can be used in breeding programs and can be cultivated in high salinity areas. Principal component analysis showed the presence of genetic diversity for salinity response. Finally, it was shown that most of the observed variation is of genetic origin, which can make the breeding process less difficult.
水稻生产(Oryza sativa L.)是全球最重要的经济活动之一。然而，灌溉用水带来的土壤和盐分降低了水稻产量。因此，鉴定和/或开发耐盐水稻基因型是减少这一问题的一种策略。新基因型的发展依赖于遗传多样性的存在，了解期望性状的遗传能力有助于选择过程。因此，本研究旨在鉴定巴西水稻苗期耐盐性的优良基因型，分析其遗传多样性并估计其遗传力。为此，将69个基因型的幼苗在含40 mM NaCl (4 dSm-1)的水培液中培养7 d。对茎长、根长、茎干重和根干重进行评价，并将评价结果转化为相对性能。在苗期鉴定出耐盐和中等耐盐基因型，可用于育种计划，并可在高盐地区栽培。主成分分析表明，盐响应存在遗传多样性。结果表明，大多数变异是由遗传引起的，这可以降低育种的难度。
{"title":"Characterization of rice genotypes used in Brazil regarding salinity tolerance at the seedling stage","authors":"V. F. D. Oliveira, Latóia Eduarda Maltzahn, V. E. Viana, Eduardo Venske, L. C. Maia, A. Oliveira, C. Pegoraro","doi":"10.5965/223811712132022256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5965/223811712132022256","url":null,"abstract":"Rice production (Oryza sativa L.) is among the most economically important activities in the world. However, soil and salinity coming from irrigation water reduce rice yield. Therefore, the identification and/or development of salt-tolerant rice genotypes is a strategy to minimize this problem. The development of new genotypes depends on the presence of genetic diversity, and understanding the heritability of a desired trait can help in the selection process. Thus, this study aimed to identify superior genotypes, analyze the genetic diversity and estimate the heritability for salinity tolerance at the seedling stage in rice genotypes used in Brazil. For this, seedlings of 69 genotypes were kept in hydroponic solution with 40 mM NaCl (4 dSm-1) for seven days. Shoot length, root length, shoot dry weight, and root dry weight) were evaluated and the results were converted into relative performance. Tolerant and moderately salt-tolerant genotypes were identified at the seedling stage, which can be used in breeding programs and can be cultivated in high salinity areas. Principal component analysis showed the presence of genetic diversity for salinity response. Finally, it was shown that most of the observed variation is of genetic origin, which can make the breeding process less difficult.","PeriodicalId":37575,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencias Agroveterinarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46047293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-19DOI: 10.5965/223811712132022360
Camila Lopes de Carvalho, Caroline Romeiro de Oliveira, Gabriela Miotto Galli, Nathalia de Oliveira Telesca Camargo, Melody Martins Cavalcante Pereira, T. B. Stefanello, R. Melchior, I. Andretta
A intensificação do sistema de produção avícola trouxe profundas mudanças no ambiente físico e social das aves domésticas. O manejo dessas aves tem recebido considerável atenção nos últimos anos devido às novas demandas por parte dos consumidores, principalmente aquelas relacionadas ao bem-estar. O comportamento é a maneira como os animais respondem aos diferentes estímulos que encontram em seu ambiente. As expressões comportamentais das aves domésticas e a aplicação desse conhecimento no cuidado dos animais desempenha um papel importante na maximização da eficiência de produção da cadeia avícola. Assim, definir limites éticos e diretrizes para a produção avícola é fundamental para fomentar o desenvolvimento de novas práticas produtivas, e assim garantir qualidade e produtividade sem colocar em risco o bem-estar dos animais. Esta revisão destacará as principais expressões comportamentais das aves domésticas, dentre elas as expressões sociais, alimentares, reprodutivas, além de estereotipias, e identificará as estratégias de adaptação social. Assim, promovera ao leitor e a comunidade científica uma melhor compreensão de assuntos pouco discutidos para assim auxiliar em análises comportamentais.
{"title":"Comportamento de galinhas domésticas – percepções de uma revisão narrativa","authors":"Camila Lopes de Carvalho, Caroline Romeiro de Oliveira, Gabriela Miotto Galli, Nathalia de Oliveira Telesca Camargo, Melody Martins Cavalcante Pereira, T. B. Stefanello, R. Melchior, I. Andretta","doi":"10.5965/223811712132022360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5965/223811712132022360","url":null,"abstract":"A intensificação do sistema de produção avícola trouxe profundas mudanças no ambiente físico e social das aves domésticas. O manejo dessas aves tem recebido considerável atenção nos últimos anos devido às novas demandas por parte dos consumidores, principalmente aquelas relacionadas ao bem-estar. O comportamento é a maneira como os animais respondem aos diferentes estímulos que encontram em seu ambiente. As expressões comportamentais das aves domésticas e a aplicação desse conhecimento no cuidado dos animais desempenha um papel importante na maximização da eficiência de produção da cadeia avícola. Assim, definir limites éticos e diretrizes para a produção avícola é fundamental para fomentar o desenvolvimento de novas práticas produtivas, e assim garantir qualidade e produtividade sem colocar em risco o bem-estar dos animais. Esta revisão destacará as principais expressões comportamentais das aves domésticas, dentre elas as expressões sociais, alimentares, reprodutivas, além de estereotipias, e identificará as estratégias de adaptação social. Assim, promovera ao leitor e a comunidade científica uma melhor compreensão de assuntos pouco discutidos para assim auxiliar em análises comportamentais.","PeriodicalId":37575,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencias Agroveterinarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46642749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-19DOI: 10.5965/223811712132022182
R. R. Silva, W. Macedo
The arrangement of soybean plants defines their ability to recognize the environment and improve their abiotic and biotic interactions with it. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of planting arrangements associated to two distinct crop systems (high technological level or conventional crop level) for the soybean varieties 8473 RSF and AS 3730, to evaluate the plant performance and productivity in the field. A double factorial scheme was used with two varieties and six spatial arrangements. Two experiments were conducted during the 2017–2018 crop season: the first was based on standard cultivation of the Brazilian Cerrado (without irrigation systems and adequate fertilizer), whereas the second utilized high technology (irrigation systems and increased fertilizer). The morphophysiological parameters, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), leaf pigment content and crop yield parameters were evaluated. Our study pointed out the positive responses for both cultivated varieties and two technological levels adopted cultivated under equidistant arrangement and high density. The leaf area index, leaf pigment content, NDVI, and crop production showed substantial responses under different equidistant arrangements. Therefore, this procedure requires adjustments in the level of cultivation technology and identification of the most suitable soybean variety.
{"title":"Increasing soybean productivity by plant equidistant arrangements and modification of technology levels of cropping systems","authors":"R. R. Silva, W. Macedo","doi":"10.5965/223811712132022182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5965/223811712132022182","url":null,"abstract":"The arrangement of soybean plants defines their ability to recognize the environment and improve their abiotic and biotic interactions with it. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of planting arrangements associated to two distinct crop systems (high technological level or conventional crop level) for the soybean varieties 8473 RSF and AS 3730, to evaluate the plant performance and productivity in the field. A double factorial scheme was used with two varieties and six spatial arrangements. Two experiments were conducted during the 2017–2018 crop season: the first was based on standard cultivation of the Brazilian Cerrado (without irrigation systems and adequate fertilizer), whereas the second utilized high technology (irrigation systems and increased fertilizer). The morphophysiological parameters, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), leaf pigment content and crop yield parameters were evaluated. Our study pointed out the positive responses for both cultivated varieties and two technological levels adopted cultivated under equidistant arrangement and high density. The leaf area index, leaf pigment content, NDVI, and crop production showed substantial responses under different equidistant arrangements. Therefore, this procedure requires adjustments in the level of cultivation technology and identification of the most suitable soybean variety.","PeriodicalId":37575,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencias Agroveterinarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43830399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-19DOI: 10.5965/223811712132022216
Eduarda Posser Pazzini, L. Galon, D. C. Cavaletti, Victor Miguel Senhori, Otilo Daniel Henz Neto, C. Müller, G. F. Perin
Among the weeds that infest soybeans, the morning glory (Ipomoea indivisa) stands out for competing with water, light, nutrients and also interfering in the crop harvesting process. The aim of this study was to test the competitive ability of soybean cultivars in the presence of I. indivisa, in substitutive experiments. The experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design, with four replicates, using the soybean cultivars M 5838, DM 53i54, DM 57i52, DM 66i68, NS 5445, and NS 6601. A constant final yield for soybean and I. indivisa was observed with 24 plants per pot. Relative and total productivities were analyzed using diagrams applied to substitutive experiments with soybean and I. indivisa plants proportions of 24:0, 18:6, 12:12, 6:18, and 0:24 plants pot-1 (crop:weed). On 35 days after the emergence of the culture and the I. indivisa, the morphophysiological characteristics of the plants were assessed and the relative competitiveness indices were calculated considering the 50:50 plant ratio (12:12 plants pot-1). Morning glory affected the morphophysiological characteristics of soybean cultivars, demonstrating superior competitive ability for environmental resources. There was a competition between soybean cultivars and I. indivisa, which caused reductions in the shoot dry matter for both species. In this study, interspecific competition was more harmful than intraspecific competition.
{"title":"Competitive ability of soybean cultivars with Ipomoea indivisa","authors":"Eduarda Posser Pazzini, L. Galon, D. C. Cavaletti, Victor Miguel Senhori, Otilo Daniel Henz Neto, C. Müller, G. F. Perin","doi":"10.5965/223811712132022216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5965/223811712132022216","url":null,"abstract":"Among the weeds that infest soybeans, the morning glory (Ipomoea indivisa) stands out for competing with water, light, nutrients and also interfering in the crop harvesting process. The aim of this study was to test the competitive ability of soybean cultivars in the presence of I. indivisa, in substitutive experiments. The experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design, with four replicates, using the soybean cultivars M 5838, DM 53i54, DM 57i52, DM 66i68, NS 5445, and NS 6601. A constant final yield for soybean and I. indivisa was observed with 24 plants per pot. Relative and total productivities were analyzed using diagrams applied to substitutive experiments with soybean and I. indivisa plants proportions of 24:0, 18:6, 12:12, 6:18, and 0:24 plants pot-1 (crop:weed). On 35 days after the emergence of the culture and the I. indivisa, the morphophysiological characteristics of the plants were assessed and the relative competitiveness indices were calculated considering the 50:50 plant ratio (12:12 plants pot-1). Morning glory affected the morphophysiological characteristics of soybean cultivars, demonstrating superior competitive ability for environmental resources. There was a competition between soybean cultivars and I. indivisa, which caused reductions in the shoot dry matter for both species. In this study, interspecific competition was more harmful than intraspecific competition.","PeriodicalId":37575,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencias Agroveterinarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43892192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-19DOI: 10.5965/223811712132022290
D. I. O. Lacerda, M. P. Maciel, W. Araujo, Felipe Shindy Aiura, Deyvison da Silva Gonçalves, H. F. D. Brito
The use of antimicrobial growth promoters in broiler feed has been beneficial for improving performance and preventing diseases. However, the indiscriminate use of these products in the feed can result in the development of resistant bacteria, the accumulation of residues in the products, and an imbalance in the microflora of birds. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate alternatives, such as beneficial microorganisms that improve microbial growth without affecting animal health and product quality. This research aimed to evaluate the supplementation with the probiotic Bacillus coagulans on the performance, carcass characteristics, and health of broilers from seven to 42 days. In total, 720 broilers were used, distributed in a randomized block design with six treatments and eight replicates. The evaluated treatments were as follows: Control ration (RC); PROB1 (Probiotic 400 g/t); PROB2 (Probiotic 400 g/t until 21 days and 200 g/t from 22 to 42 days); RC + antibiotic; RC + Salmonella inoculation; PROB1 + Salmonella inoculation. The treatments did neither influence feed intake, carcass yield, and cuts nor the incidence of injuries to the chest, hock, and footpad. Weight gain and feed conversion were better in birds that received antibiotic or probiotic diets. There was an incidence of Salmonella in the e challenges excreta at 42 days only in the treatment with challenge without adding probiotics. We conclude that the probiotic Bacillus coagulans can be used as an alternative to antibiotics in the diet of broilers as it facilitates similar performance and is efficient in the control of Salmonella Enteritidis.
{"title":"Bacillus coagulans as an alternative to antibiotics in the performance and control of Salmonella Enteritidis in broilers","authors":"D. I. O. Lacerda, M. P. Maciel, W. Araujo, Felipe Shindy Aiura, Deyvison da Silva Gonçalves, H. F. D. Brito","doi":"10.5965/223811712132022290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5965/223811712132022290","url":null,"abstract":"The use of antimicrobial growth promoters in broiler feed has been beneficial for improving performance and preventing diseases. However, the indiscriminate use of these products in the feed can result in the development of resistant bacteria, the accumulation of residues in the products, and an imbalance in the microflora of birds. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate alternatives, such as beneficial microorganisms that improve microbial growth without affecting animal health and product quality. This research aimed to evaluate the supplementation with the probiotic Bacillus coagulans on the performance, carcass characteristics, and health of broilers from seven to 42 days. In total, 720 broilers were used, distributed in a randomized block design with six treatments and eight replicates. The evaluated treatments were as follows: Control ration (RC); PROB1 (Probiotic 400 g/t); PROB2 (Probiotic 400 g/t until 21 days and 200 g/t from 22 to 42 days); RC + antibiotic; RC + Salmonella inoculation; PROB1 + Salmonella inoculation. The treatments did neither influence feed intake, carcass yield, and cuts nor the incidence of injuries to the chest, hock, and footpad. Weight gain and feed conversion were better in birds that received antibiotic or probiotic diets. There was an incidence of Salmonella in the e challenges excreta at 42 days only in the treatment with challenge without adding probiotics. We conclude that the probiotic Bacillus coagulans can be used as an alternative to antibiotics in the diet of broilers as it facilitates similar performance and is efficient in the control of Salmonella Enteritidis.","PeriodicalId":37575,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencias Agroveterinarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47352360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-19DOI: 10.5965/223811712132022274
Paula de Souza Cardoso, A. F. Alves, Eduardo Daniel Friedrich, Luana Fernandes Tironi, A. Ulguim, N. Streck, A. Zanon
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the response to fertilization and different weed control periods in the accumulation of dry matter of cassava leaves, stems, roots, and fresh mass roots yield. Two experiments were carried out on commercial fields in Ibarama, and Santa Maria municipalities located at the Rio Grande do Sul State, South Brazil, during the 2018/2019 growing season. Five treatments, varying chemical fertilizer applications and herbicides were used to represent management practices commonly used by farmers in Southern Brazil. The Simanihot process-based model simulated cassava growth, development, and productivity under potential conditions. Results show that the recommended dose of fertilizers and liming combined with pre-emergent herbicide and three mechanical weed clear management showed a 72% increase in root productivity compared to the management used by the average yield of smallholder farmers. Therefore, it is possible to reach 80% of the potential productivity by keeping the cassava crop free from weed interference and applying fertilizers. The presence of weeds during the first 100 days after planting reduced about 50% of the plant dry matter production in Ibarama and Santa Maria. Interestingly, it also affects 79.2% of fresh roots productivity in Ibarama. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the response to fertilization and different weed control periods in the accumulation of dry matter of cassava leaves, stems, roots, and fresh mass roots yield. Two experiments were carried out on commercial fields in Ibarama, and Santa Maria municipalities located at the Rio Grande do Sul State, South Brazil, during the 2018/2019 growing season. Five treatments, varying chemical fertilizer applications and herbicides were used to represent management practices commonly used by farmers in Southern Brazil. The Simanihot process-based model simulated cassava growth, development, and productivity under potential conditions. Results show that the recommended dose of fertilizers and liming combined with pre-emergent herbicide and three mechanical weed clear management showed a 72% increase in root productivity compared to the management used by the average yield of smallholder farmers. Therefore, it is possible to reach 80% of the potential productivity by keeping the cassava crop free from weed interference and applying fertilizers. The presence of weeds during the first 100 days after planting reduced about 50% of the plant dry matter production in Ibarama and Santa Maria. Interestingly, it also affects 79.2% of fresh roots productivity in Ibarama.
{"title":"Weed management and fertilization limit the potential of cassava productivity in subtropical environment","authors":"Paula de Souza Cardoso, A. F. Alves, Eduardo Daniel Friedrich, Luana Fernandes Tironi, A. Ulguim, N. Streck, A. Zanon","doi":"10.5965/223811712132022274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5965/223811712132022274","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives of this study were to evaluate the response to fertilization and different weed control periods in the accumulation of dry matter of cassava leaves, stems, roots, and fresh mass roots yield. Two experiments were carried out on commercial fields in Ibarama, and Santa Maria municipalities located at the Rio Grande do Sul State, South Brazil, during the 2018/2019 growing season. Five treatments, varying chemical fertilizer applications and herbicides were used to represent management practices commonly used by farmers in Southern Brazil. The Simanihot process-based model simulated cassava growth, development, and productivity under potential conditions. Results show that the recommended dose of fertilizers and liming combined with pre-emergent herbicide and three mechanical weed clear management showed a 72% increase in root productivity compared to the management used by the average yield of smallholder farmers. Therefore, it is possible to reach 80% of the potential productivity by keeping the cassava crop free from weed interference and applying fertilizers. The presence of weeds during the first 100 days after planting reduced about 50% of the plant dry matter production in Ibarama and Santa Maria. Interestingly, it also affects 79.2% of fresh roots productivity in Ibarama.\u0000The objectives of this study were to evaluate the response to fertilization and different weed control periods in the accumulation of dry matter of cassava leaves, stems, roots, and fresh mass roots yield. Two experiments were carried out on commercial fields in Ibarama, and Santa Maria municipalities located at the Rio Grande do Sul State, South Brazil, during the 2018/2019 growing season. Five treatments, varying chemical fertilizer applications and herbicides were used to represent management practices commonly used by farmers in Southern Brazil. The Simanihot process-based model simulated cassava growth, development, and productivity under potential conditions. Results show that the recommended dose of fertilizers and liming combined with pre-emergent herbicide and three mechanical weed clear management showed a 72% increase in root productivity compared to the management used by the average yield of smallholder farmers. Therefore, it is possible to reach 80% of the potential productivity by keeping the cassava crop free from weed interference and applying fertilizers. The presence of weeds during the first 100 days after planting reduced about 50% of the plant dry matter production in Ibarama and Santa Maria. Interestingly, it also affects 79.2% of fresh roots productivity in Ibarama.","PeriodicalId":37575,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencias Agroveterinarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48259395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-19DOI: 10.5965/223811712132022263
L. Galon, Felipe Biachessi, Maico André Michelon Bagnara, Janaina de Oliveira Tosso, Josiel Ricardo Toni, S. N. Weirich, Jaqueline Mara Dill, Daiani Brandler, Gismael Francisco Perin
O estudo da densidade de semeadura do feijoeiro e do nível de dano econômico (NDE) ocasionado pelo papuã (Urochloa plantaginea) são ferramentas importantes para a adoção do manejo integrado dessa planta daninha e, assim, produzir um alimento com maior qualidade e menor resíduo de agrotóxico. Diante disso, objetivou-se com o trabalho avaliar a interferência e o nível de dano econômico do papuã em competição com o feijoeiro, estimados em função de densidades de semeadura da cultura e da planta daninha. Os tratamentos foram compostos por densidades do feijoeiro, cultivar IPR Uirapuru (140.000, 180.000, 220.000 e 260.000 plantas ha-1) e do papuã que variaram de 0 até o máximo de 104 plantas m-2. O experimento foi implantado em um Latossolo Vermelho Aluminoférrico típico na área experimental da Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, campus Erechim/RS, em 31/10/2016. Para descrever a relação entre a perda de produtividade de grãos do feijoeiro e as variáveis explicativas; densidade de plantas (DP), cobertura do solo (CS), área foliar (AF) e massa seca da parte aérea (MS), usou-se o modelo da hipérbole retangular. As variáveis CS e DP podem ser usadas em substituição a AF e a MS para estimar as perdas de produtividades de grãos do foeijoeiro. A densidade de 260.000 plantas ha-1 do feijoeiro apresentou maior competitividade com o papuã e os maiores valores de NDEs, justificando a adoção de medidas de controle da planta daninha em densidades mais elevadas.
{"title":"Interferência e nível de dano econômico de papuã em feijoeiro em função da densidade de plantas","authors":"L. Galon, Felipe Biachessi, Maico André Michelon Bagnara, Janaina de Oliveira Tosso, Josiel Ricardo Toni, S. N. Weirich, Jaqueline Mara Dill, Daiani Brandler, Gismael Francisco Perin","doi":"10.5965/223811712132022263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5965/223811712132022263","url":null,"abstract":"O estudo da densidade de semeadura do feijoeiro e do nível de dano econômico (NDE) ocasionado pelo papuã (Urochloa plantaginea) são ferramentas importantes para a adoção do manejo integrado dessa planta daninha e, assim, produzir um alimento com maior qualidade e menor resíduo de agrotóxico. Diante disso, objetivou-se com o trabalho avaliar a interferência e o nível de dano econômico do papuã em competição com o feijoeiro, estimados em função de densidades de semeadura da cultura e da planta daninha. Os tratamentos foram compostos por densidades do feijoeiro, cultivar IPR Uirapuru (140.000, 180.000, 220.000 e 260.000 plantas ha-1) e do papuã que variaram de 0 até o máximo de 104 plantas m-2. O experimento foi implantado em um Latossolo Vermelho Aluminoférrico típico na área experimental da Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, campus Erechim/RS, em 31/10/2016. Para descrever a relação entre a perda de produtividade de grãos do feijoeiro e as variáveis explicativas; densidade de plantas (DP), cobertura do solo (CS), área foliar (AF) e massa seca da parte aérea (MS), usou-se o modelo da hipérbole retangular. As variáveis CS e DP podem ser usadas em substituição a AF e a MS para estimar as perdas de produtividades de grãos do foeijoeiro. A densidade de 260.000 plantas ha-1 do feijoeiro apresentou maior competitividade com o papuã e os maiores valores de NDEs, justificando a adoção de medidas de controle da planta daninha em densidades mais elevadas.","PeriodicalId":37575,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencias Agroveterinarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49041104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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