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Culture of Legality and Transgression of Norms in University Youth 大学青年的法制文化与越轨行为
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.14658/PUPJ-IJSE-2016-3-9
G. Bertin, Marta Pantalone
This paper begins with an overview of the literature on legal, social and moral norms and their relationship with individual behaviours, and then discusses the culture of legality in a group of university students in Italy. In particular, this paper provides a reflection on the relationship that exists between social and legal norms and their mutual capacity to influence the behaviours of young people. We highlight the multidimensional nature of the underlying factors of conditionality, relativity and universality. We also discuss the existence of two types of social norms, general and generational and their differing capacities to affect behaviour. The research technique is a web survey on 3938 students from three Italian universities (Venezia, Bari, Salerno).
本文首先概述了法律,社会和道德规范的文献及其与个人行为的关系,然后讨论了一群意大利大学生的合法性文化。特别是,本文对社会规范和法律规范之间存在的关系及其相互影响年轻人行为的能力进行了反思。我们强调条件性、相对性和普遍性等潜在因素的多维性。我们还讨论了两种类型的社会规范的存在,一般和代际以及它们影响行为的不同能力。研究方法是对意大利三所大学(Venezia, Bari, Salerno)的3938名学生进行网络调查。
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引用次数: 0
Introduction to the Special Section. The Digitalization of Educational Practices: How Much and What Kind? 专题介绍。教育实践的数字化:多少,什么样的数字化?
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.14658/PUPJ-IJSE-2016-2-1
M. Colombo
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引用次数: 6
The Roles of Religiosity and Affluence for Adolescents’ Family Orientation : Multilevel Analyses of 18 Cultures 宗教虔诚度和富裕程度对青少年家庭取向的影响:18种文化的多层次分析
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2015-10-29 DOI: 10.14658/PUPJ-IJSE-2015-3-3
Boris Mayer, G. Trommsdorff, Mihaela Friedlmeier, Katarzyna Lubiewska, D. Barni, Kairi Kasearu, Isabelle Albert
Recent sociological and psychological debates concern the nature of the relation between changing religious beliefs and changing significance of the family. The current study analyzes multilevel relations between religiosity (personal and culture-level) and several aspects of family orientation for n = 4902 adolescents from 18 nations/areas from diverse cultural contexts covering a number of religious denominations with data from the Value-of-Children-Study (Trommsdorff & Nauck, 2005). In addition, cultural values from the World Values Survey representing religious versus secular values as well as survival versus self- expression values are examined at the cultural level of analysis as a joint effect with nation-level economic development. Results showed that religiosity/religious values were positively related to all aspects of adolescents’ family orientation at the individual as well as the cultural level, while societal affluence was only related to a loss of importance of the traditional and hierarchical aspects of family orientation. Postmaterialist self-expression values were unrelated to adolescents’ family orientation.
最近的社会学和心理学辩论关注的是宗教信仰变化和家庭重要性变化之间关系的本质。目前的研究分析了来自18个国家/地区的n = 4902名青少年的宗教虔诚度(个人和文化层面)与家庭取向的几个方面之间的多层次关系,这些青少年来自不同的文化背景,涵盖了许多宗教派别,数据来自儿童价值研究(Trommsdorff & Nauck, 2005)。此外,来自世界价值观调查的文化价值观代表了宗教与世俗价值观,以及生存与自我表达价值观,这些价值观在文化层面的分析中被视为与国家层面的经济发展的共同影响。结果表明,宗教信仰/宗教价值观在个人和文化层面与青少年家庭取向的各个方面呈正相关,而社会富裕程度仅与家庭取向的传统和等级方面的重要性下降有关。后物质主义自我表达价值观与青少年的家庭取向无关。
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引用次数: 4
The Effect of the Socioeconomic Status of Ethnic Groups on Educational Inequalities in Switzerland: Which “Hidden” Mechanisms? 瑞士少数民族社会经济地位对教育不平等的影响:哪些“隐藏”机制?
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2015-05-01 DOI: 10.14658/PUPJ-IJSE-2015-2-4
A. Gomensoro, C. Bolzman
Socioeconomic status (SES) is one of the major explanatory factors of educational inequalities between ethnic groups. Nevertheless, this relation has rarely been explored in detail, taking into account educational trajectories instead of educational attainment. What is the impact of the SES of ethnic groups on educational trajectories? And by which “hidden mechanisms” SES background concretely influences the educational trajectories of youths? Based on the “Transition from education to employment” (TREE) longitudinal database in Switzerland, we propose a typology of post-compulsory educational pathways and we observe the impact of SES on the odds of taking a given path. Our analysis shows that, compared to other ethnic groups, second-generation from former-Yugoslavia, Portugal and Turkey are overrepresented in vocational and more problematic pathways mainly because of their low SES, but not exclusively. In addition, we conducted 50 biographical interviews with children of Albanianspeaking immigrants. We identified the fact that the SES effect is often nested with other negative factors related to the family, such as a precarious legal status, difficult living conditions, a lack of linguistic and social capital, etc. and related to the educational system that selects students into different tracks, constraints educational opportunities and reproduces educational inequalities.
社会经济地位是族群间教育不平等的主要解释因素之一。然而,这种关系很少被详细探讨,考虑到教育轨迹而不是教育程度。社会经济地位对教育轨迹的影响是什么?社会经济地位背景具体通过哪些“隐性机制”影响青少年的教育轨迹?基于瑞士的“从教育到就业的转变”(TREE)纵向数据库,我们提出了一种义务教育后路径的类型,并观察了社会经济地位对选择特定路径的几率的影响。我们的分析表明,与其他种族相比,来自前南斯拉夫、葡萄牙和土耳其的第二代人在职业和更有问题的道路上的比例过高,主要是因为他们的社会经济地位低,但并非完全如此。此外,我们对讲阿尔巴尼亚语的移民的子女进行了50次传记采访。我们发现,社会经济地位效应通常与其他与家庭相关的负面因素(如不稳定的法律地位、困难的生活条件、缺乏语言和社会资本等)以及与选择学生进入不同轨道、限制教育机会和再现教育不平等的教育制度有关。
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引用次数: 18
Researching Integration in Multiethnic Italian Schools. A Sociological Review on Educational Inequalities 意大利多民族学校融合研究。教育不平等的社会学评论
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.14658/PUPJ-IJSE-2015-3-13
M. Santagati
The article offers a review of the main sociological studies on school integration of students with an immigrant background, carried out in the past 15 years in Italy. Italian research on this topic is still not recognized at international level, but Italy can be considered an interesting case study due to the recent, rapid and exponential increase of immigrant students and the contradictions emerging from the attempt to turn an inclusive educational model into integration practices. The review identifies educational achievements and interethnic relationships as crucial components of school integration in multiethnic schools, highlighting strengths and weaknesses of the Italian sociological research. Finally, a model for the analysis of school integration of immigrant students will be proposed, which combines individual, relational, institutional, structural, and personal agency factors.
本文回顾了过去15年来在意大利开展的关于移民背景学生学校融合的主要社会学研究。意大利对这一主题的研究在国际层面上仍未得到认可,但意大利可以被认为是一个有趣的案例研究,因为最近移民学生的快速和指数增长,以及将包容性教育模式转变为融合实践的尝试中出现的矛盾。该审查确定教育成就和种族间关系是多种族学校整合的关键组成部分,突出了意大利社会学研究的长处和弱点。最后,本文将提出一个结合个体、关系、制度、结构和个人代理因素的移民学生学校融合分析模型。
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引用次数: 22
Evaluating outcomes and mechanisms of non-formal education in youth centres 评估青年中心非正规教育的成果和机制
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.14658/PUPJ-IJSE-2015-1-4
Daniele Morciano
The present paper aims to shed light on ways of dealing with the paradox of formalizing the non-formal that arises when youth work is required to operate on the basis of outcomes and target-based non-formal education programmes. Therefore, the potential of theory-based evaluation is argued to be an effective evaluation model, able to gather evidence of youth work outcomes and mechanisms by looking, moreover, into the complex and sometimes unpredictable processes of non-formal education and informal learning. A theoretical framework and a pattern of theory-based concepts are developed within the paper in order to help evaluation research to investigate those mechanisms through which the interplay between non-formal education and informal learning may lead to the strengthening of young people’s agency in youth centres. Youth agency has been chosen as a possible youth work outcome in an attempt to go beyond an adultcentric view focused on the identification of those skills required in order to
本文旨在阐明当青年工作需要在成果和目标为基础的非正规教育方案的基础上运作时,如何处理非正规教育正规化的悖论。因此,基于理论的评估被认为是一种有效的评估模式,能够通过观察非正规教育和非正规学习的复杂且有时不可预测的过程来收集青年工作成果和机制的证据。本文提出了一个理论框架和基于理论的概念模式,以帮助评价研究调查非正规教育和非正规学习之间的相互作用可能导致青年在青年中心的能动性加强的机制。选择青年机构作为一个可能的青年工作成果,是为了超越以成人为中心的观点,侧重于确定那些必要的技能,以便
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引用次数: 3
The North-South Divide in School Grading Standards: New Evidence from National Assessments of the Italian Student Population 学校评分标准的南北差异:来自意大利学生人口国家评估的新证据
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.14658/PUPJ-IJSE-2015-2-7
G. Argentin, M. Triventi
Even if marks are crucial for students' educational careers and school-related decisions and although grading standards are a relevant topic in public debate about Italian education, in our country this research topic has not attracted much attention. In this article we investigate heterogeneity across Italian macro-regions in grading standards (degree of strictness in attributing marks by teachers) and in the coherence between teachers' marks and students' test scores. We use data from INVALSI-SNV on the whole student population in the 5 th , 6 th and 10 th grade in 2011/12, with relevant information on two subjects (Italian and mathematics). We detect that Southern regions are characterized by what seems higher generosity in grading students, who display lower performance in the INVALSI assessment compared to their counterparts with the same marks and socio-demographic profile. Moreover, this generosity in attributing marks seems stronger for higher marks (9 and 10) and in mathematics, especially in lower secondary schools and lyceums. At the same time, our analysis underlines that the North-South divide is crucial but provides only a partial view of the phenomenon: indeed, we find striking differences in grading standards among Italian provinces even within macro-regions. We discuss the main implications of such geographical heterogeneity for the Italian educational system.
即使分数对学生的教育生涯和学校相关决策至关重要,尽管评分标准是意大利教育公开辩论的相关话题,但在我国,这一研究课题并没有引起太多关注。在本文中,我们调查了意大利宏观地区在评分标准(教师评分的严格程度)和教师评分与学生考试成绩之间的一致性方面的异质性。我们使用INVALSI-SNV在2011/12学年的5年级,6年级和10年级的所有学生的数据,其中包括两个科目(意大利语和数学)的相关信息。我们发现,南部地区的特点是在给学生评分时似乎更慷慨,这些学生在INVALSI评估中表现较差,与具有相同分数和社会人口特征的同行相比。此外,在高分(9分和10分)和数学方面,尤其是在初中和大学,这种对分数的慷慨似乎更强。与此同时,我们的分析强调,南北差距是至关重要的,但只提供了对这一现象的部分看法:事实上,我们发现,即使在宏观区域内,意大利各省之间的评分标准也存在显著差异。我们将讨论这种地理异质性对意大利教育系统的主要影响。
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引用次数: 18
Improving excellence in schools: Evidence from the Italian OECD-PISA 2012 data 提高学校的卓越性:来自意大利OECD-PISA 2012数据的证据
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.14658/PUPJ-IJSE-2015-2-6
B. Fiore
This paper investigates the characteristics of excellence in schools’ performance. The main objective is to highlight the characteristics of students and schools that seem to favour (or decrease) the probability of being top-performers in the mathematical literacy. In order to achieve these objectives, logistic regression models have been developed based on the OECD-PISA 2012 data of the Italian sample. The first analysis focuses on top-performers; the second analysis focuses on the characteristics of resilient top-performers and the third analysis focuses on the advantaged top-performers. The main results indicate strong differences in the Italian macro-areas: North-West and North-East obtain better results than the regions of the South in improving excellence. This is particularly true if the student comes from a family disadvantaged context. A second result is that there is a gender issue in excellence, which, if addressed, could significantly raise the percentage of top-performers across the country. The keys to addressing the gender difference include the following: to foster motivation of girls (and students in general) on mathematics, to orient students towards the choice of mathematically strong paths in the phase immediately before adolescence (when gender stereotyping in mathematics is activated).
本文探讨了学校卓越绩效的特征。主要目的是突出学生和学校的特点,这些特点似乎有利于(或降低)在数学素养方面表现最好的可能性。为了实现这些目标,逻辑回归模型基于2012年OECD-PISA意大利样本数据开发。第一种分析侧重于表现最好的人;第二种分析侧重于弹性高绩效者的特征,第三种分析侧重于优势高绩效者。主要结果表明,意大利宏观地区之间存在很大差异:西北部和东北部在提高卓越性方面取得了比南部地区更好的结果。如果学生来自一个不利的家庭环境,这一点尤其正确。第二个结果是,卓越中存在性别问题,如果这个问题得到解决,可能会显著提高全国优等生的比例。解决性别差异的关键包括:培养女孩(和一般学生)学习数学的动机,引导学生在青春期之前的阶段(在数学方面的性别刻板印象被激活的时候)选择数学能力强的道路。
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引用次数: 1
Youth policies and youth participation: from beneficiaries to actors 青年政策与青年参与:从受益者到行动者
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.14658/PUPJ-IJSE-2015-1-6
Rita Bertozzi
Recent research shows that young people tend to be scarcely involved in political matters, thus remaining invisible. There are indeed forms of youth activism, but they tend to involve different ways of participation. Participation has gradually become a more central issue at the political level, but the question remains of its relevance from the point of view of young people. Youth work is a privileged setting for the analysis of youth involvement. The paper first reviews the Italian debate on youth participation and youth policies. Secondly, it focusses on two contexts of informal aggregation in the Emilia Romagna region, to assess their value in terms of participatory experience, non-formal education and youth work. The analysis highlights how youth work experiences enable young people to participate more actively in social life, as they promote critical awareness and empowerment. Collective motivation also plays an important role, since acting together allows more vulnerable individuals and groups to gain more strength and
最近的研究表明,年轻人往往很少参与政治事务,因此处于隐形状态。青年行动主义确实有各种形式,但它们往往涉及不同的参与方式。在政治一级,参与已逐渐成为一个更为中心的问题,但从年轻人的角度来看,其相关性问题仍然存在。青年工作是分析青年参与的有利环境。本文首先回顾了意大利关于青年参与和青年政策的辩论。其次,它侧重于艾米利亚罗马涅地区非正式聚集的两种情况,以评估其在参与性经验,非正规教育和青年工作方面的价值。该分析强调了青年的工作经历如何使年轻人更积极地参与社会生活,因为他们促进了批判性意识和赋权。集体动机也起着重要的作用,因为共同行动可以使更脆弱的个人和群体获得更多的力量和
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引用次数: 1
Children and Adolescents in the Media: the Veneto Region Case Study 媒体中的儿童和青少年:威尼托地区个案研究
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.14658/PUPJ-IJSE-2015-3-12
Claudio Riva, Ruggero Cefalo
In our paper, we investigate the role of the media, specifically local television stations, in producing a shared culture of infancy and adolescence. We pursue this inquiry by analysing the varying representations of the under-aged, disseminated by local TV channels in the Veneto Region. We discuss the ways in which the television stations portray the under-aged, the presence and the role of children and adolescents in the local news and broadcasting, the status accredited to them and their role in the narrations that relate to them. We pursue this inquiry by analysing the varying representations of the under-aged, disseminated by local TV channels in the Veneto Region. The research was conducted within a Convention among the Regional Committee for Communications (Co.Re.Com.) of the Veneto region and the Interdepartmental Centre of Research on the North-East 'Giorgio Lago' of the University of Padua. In greater detail, we monitored the local news and the programmes transmitted during the restricted time-slot scheduling (reserved for minors, 4 p.m. - 7 p.m.) of 7 regional TV stations during the week of Monday 24th February to Sunday 2 nd March 2014.
在我们的论文中,我们调查了媒体的作用,特别是地方电视台,在生产共享的婴儿期和青春期的文化。我们通过分析威尼托地区当地电视频道传播的未成年人的不同表现来进行这项调查。我们讨论了电视台描绘未成年人的方式,儿童和青少年在地方新闻和广播中的存在和作用,他们的地位以及他们在与他们有关的叙述中的作用。我们通过分析威尼托地区当地电视频道传播的未成年人的不同表现来进行这项调查。这项研究是在威尼托地区通讯区域委员会(Co.Re.Com)和帕多瓦大学东北“乔治湖”部际研究中心之间的公约范围内进行的。我们更详细地监测了2014年2月24日星期一至3月2日星期日7个地区电视台在限定时段(为未成年人预留,下午4点至7点)播出的地方新闻和节目。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Italian Journal of Sociology of Education
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