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2011 International Conference on Semantic Technology and Information Retrieval最新文献

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A fundamental study on detecting head modifier noun phrases in Malay sentence 马来语句子中头部修饰语名词短语检测的基础研究
Pub Date : 2011-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/STAIR.2011.5995798
S. Rahman, N. Omar, M. J. Aziz
This paper discusses on how a head modifier of Noun Phrases (NPs) in Malay sentence can be detected from the four combination of phrases, such as a noun phrase (frasa nama) and noun phrase (frasa nama), a noun phrase and verb phrase (frasa kerja), a noun phrase and adjective phrase (frasa adjektif) and, a noun phrase and prepositional phrase (frasa sendi). Most of the sentences in Malay have compound nouns. The position of the head within a compound often depends on the order of the word, i.e. the most common order of constituents in Malay phrases, where nouns are modified by adjectives, verbs, other nouns and prepositional. We also investigated the relative contribution of the modifier and the head noun in noun compounds of different other related examples in Malay sentence.
本文讨论了如何从名词短语(frasa nama)和名词短语(frasa nama)、名词短语和动词短语(frasa kerja)、名词短语和形容词短语(frasa adjektif)、名词短语和介词短语(frasa sendi)四种短语组合中检测马来语名词短语(NPs)的头部修饰语。马来语中的大多数句子都有复合名词。复合词中词头的位置通常取决于单词的顺序,即马来语短语中最常见的成分顺序,名词由形容词、动词、其他名词和介词修饰。我们还考察了马来语中不同相关例句的名词复合词中修饰语和头名词的相对贡献。
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引用次数: 8
Semantic structure content for dynamic web pages 动态网页的语义结构内容
Pub Date : 2011-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/STAIR.2011.5995763
M. Farouk, Mitsuru Ishizuka
Representing web data into a machine understandable format is a curtail task for the next generation of the web. Most of solutions are relying on ontologies. However, there are many problems of using ontologies. This paper proposes an approach to represent dynamic web page contents retrieved from underlying database, into Concept Description Language (CDL) semantic format. This format does not depend on ontologies. However, CDL describes semantic structure of web content based on a set of predefined concepts and semantic relations. A prototype of the proposed approach is implemented to show visibility of the proposed approach.
将web数据表示为机器可理解的格式是下一代web的一项艰巨任务。大多数解决方案都依赖于本体。然而,使用本体存在许多问题。本文提出了一种将从底层数据库中检索到的动态网页内容表示为概念描述语言(CDL)语义格式的方法。这种格式不依赖于本体。然而,CDL基于一组预定义的概念和语义关系来描述web内容的语义结构。实现了所提方法的原型,以显示所提方法的可见性。
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引用次数: 2
KM practice in community college — KM framework towards KMS 社区学院知识管理实践——面向知识管理的知识管理框架
Pub Date : 2011-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/STAIR.2011.5995800
M. Yusoff, J. Jaafar, A. Mahmood
KM is a new field especially for the community college environment. The other thing is the knowledge in community college environment has not been captured, collaborated and managed systematically. Realizing the value and importance of KM approach the researcher has identified several goals to be achieved to come out with a viable KM framework to support the current activities of knowledge transfer in community college environment. Four different techniques were used including observation, small talk, interview & field notes and survey. The transferring of knowledge activities happen within the community college and across to the local community and their alliances with different approach. Knowledge management is a practicable and relevance for the community college as they operate as a lifelong learning and training center. Furthermore community college is the agent for the Malaysians government to develop the local community socioeconomic via knowledge transfer and knowledge sharing.
知识管理是社区大学环境下一个崭新的领域。另一件事是社区大学环境中的知识没有被系统地捕获、协作和管理。在认识到知识管理方法的价值和重要性后,研究者确定了几个需要实现的目标,以提出一个可行的知识管理框架来支持当前社区大学环境下的知识转移活动。采用了四种不同的方法,包括观察、闲聊、访谈和实地记录以及调查。知识转移活动发生在社区学院内部,并以不同的方式向当地社区及其联盟转移。社区学院作为一个终身学习和培训中心,知识管理是一种切实可行的方法。此外,社区学院是马来西亚政府通过知识转移和知识共享来发展当地社区社会经济的代理。
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引用次数: 0
Ontology-based indexing of annotated images using semantic DNA and vector space model 使用语义DNA和向量空间模型的基于本体的标注图像索引
Pub Date : 2011-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/STAIR.2011.5995762
S. A. Fadzli, R. Setchi
The study presented in this paper focuses on the preprocessing stage of image retrieval by proposing an ontology-based indexing approach which captures the meaning of image annotations by extracting the semantic importance of the words in them. The indexing algorithm is based on the classic vector-space model that is adapted by employing index weighting and a word sense disambiguation. It uses sets of Semantic DNA, extracted from a lexical ontology, to represent the images in a vector space. As discussed in the paper, the use of Semantic DNA in text-based image retrieval aims to overcome some of the major drawbacks of well known traditional approaches such as ‘bags of words’ and term frequency-(TF) based indexing. The proposed approach is evaluated by comparing the indexing achieved using the proposed semantic algorithm with results obtained using a traditional TF-based indexing in vector space model (VSM) with singular value decomposition (SVD) technique. The experimental results show that the proposed ontology-based approach generates a better-quality index which captures the conceptual meaning of the image annotations.
本文研究了图像检索的预处理阶段,提出了一种基于本体的索引方法,通过提取图像注释中单词的语义重要性来捕获图像注释的含义。该索引算法基于经典的向量空间模型,该模型采用索引加权和词义消歧方法进行调整。它使用从词汇本体中提取的语义DNA集来表示向量空间中的图像。正如文中所讨论的,在基于文本的图像检索中使用语义DNA旨在克服一些众所周知的传统方法的主要缺点,如“词袋”和基于词频(TF)的索引。通过将本文提出的语义算法与基于向量空间模型(VSM)和奇异值分解(SVD)技术的传统基于tf的索引方法的索引结果进行比较,对本文提出的方法进行了评价。实验结果表明,本文提出的基于本体的索引方法能够更好地捕获图像注释的概念含义。
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引用次数: 1
Morphological analysis for rule based machine translation 基于规则的机器翻译形态学分析
Pub Date : 2011-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/STAIR.2011.5995799
A. Hatem, N. Omar, Khalid Shaker
The Arabic language is a Semitic language and it exhibits systematic but complex morphological structure based on root-pattern design. The aim of the present paper is to propose a transfer-based approach using morphological analysis which induces a syntactic symmetry and morphology to improve machine translation system between Arabic and English. Both languages are highly asymmetrical in terms of morphological structures. Our system supposes segmentation the word in the morphologically rich language into the sequence of prefix (es)-stem-suffix (es). The system identifies morphemes to be merged or deleted in the morphologically rich language to make the desired morphological and syntactic symmetry. The technique applied aims to improve Arabic-to-English translation quality.
阿拉伯语是一种闪族语言,它表现出基于词根图案设计的系统而复杂的形态结构。本文的目的是提出一种基于迁移的方法,利用形态学分析来诱导句法对称性和形态学来改进阿拉伯语和英语之间的机器翻译系统。两种语言在词形结构上都是高度不对称的。我们的系统假设将词法丰富的语言中的单词分割成前缀-词干-后缀的序列。该系统识别词素丰富的语言中需要合并或删除的词素,以达到所需的形态和句法对称。所采用的技术旨在提高阿拉伯语到英语的翻译质量。
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引用次数: 8
Conceptual summarization using ontologies and nearest neighborhood clustering 使用本体和最近邻聚类的概念摘要
Pub Date : 2011-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/STAIR.2011.5995756
Elaheh Gavagsaz, Mahmoud Naghibzadeh, Mehrdad Jalali
Conceptual summarization aims to provide a database which comprises an abstraction of the entire document content. To effectively provide conceptual summarization, we have presented an approach that is used for conceptual querying. The approach is based on utilizing an ontology for similarity measure between concepts and the nearest neighborhood clustering algorithm for concepts clustering. The results show an improvement in the runtime and tolerant as regards noise.
概念摘要旨在提供一个包含整个文档内容抽象的数据库。为了有效地提供概念摘要,我们提出了一种用于概念查询的方法。该方法利用本体度量概念之间的相似性,利用最近邻聚类算法进行概念聚类。结果表明,该方法在运行时间和对噪声的容忍度方面都有改善。
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引用次数: 1
Statistical malay part-of-speech (POS) tagger using Hidden Markov approach 使用隐马尔可夫方法的统计马来语词性标注器
Pub Date : 2011-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/STAIR.2011.5995794
H. Mohamed, N. Omar, M. J. Aziz
Assigning part of speech to running words in a sentence is one of the pipeline processes in Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. In this paper, a statistical POS tagger using trigram Hidden Markov Model for tagging Malay language sentences is examined. The problem of the tagger approach is to predict the POS for unseen words in the training corpus that can guess word's POS based on their surrounding information. The predictor has been built based on information of word's prefixes, suffixes or combination of them. Linear successive abstraction has been used for smoothing the probability distribution of part of speech for unknown Malay words given their prefixes or suffixes information. However, for the combination of prefixes and suffixes information, the joint probability distribution has been used. The best performance to predict POS of unknown words are obtained through prefixes information by seeing the first three characters of the words. The accuracy of the tagging is 67.9%. This shows that a statistical tagger for Malay language using Hidden Markov Model is able to predict any unknown word's POS at some promising accuracy.
在自然语言处理(NLP)任务中,为句子中的单词分配词性是流水线过程之一。本文研究了马来语句子的三重隐马尔可夫模型统计词性标注器。标注器方法的问题是对训练语料库中未见词的词性进行预测,训练语料库可以根据词的周围信息猜测词的词性。预测器是根据单词的前缀、后缀或它们的组合信息构建的。线性逐次抽象被用来平滑未知马来语词的词性概率分布。然而,对于前缀和后缀信息的组合,则使用联合概率分布。通过查看单词的前三个字符,通过前缀信息来预测未知单词的词性,效果最好。标注正确率为67.9%。这表明使用隐马尔可夫模型的马来语统计标记器能够以一定的准确性预测任何未知单词的词性。
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引用次数: 30
Semantic keyword search for expert witness discovery 基于语义关键字搜索的专家证人发现
Pub Date : 2011-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/STAIR.2011.5995759
Siraya Sitthisarn, L. Lau, P. Dew
In the last few years, there has been an increase in the amount of information stored in semantically enriched knowledge bases, represented in RDF format. These improve the accuracy of search results when the queries are semantically formal. However framing such queries is inappropriate for inexperience users because they require specialist knowledge of ontology and syntax. In this paper, we explore an approach that automates the process of converting a conventional keyword search into a semantically formal query in order to find an expert on a semantically enriched knowledge base. A case study on expert witness discovery for the resolution of a legal dispute is chosen as the domain of interest and a system named SKengine is implemented to illustrate the approach. As well as providing an easy user interface, our experiment shows that SKengine can retrieve expert witness information with higher precision and higher recall, compared with the other system, with the same interface, implemented by a vector model approach.
在过去几年中,以RDF格式表示的语义丰富的知识库中存储的信息量有所增加。当查询在语义上是形式化的时,这提高了搜索结果的准确性。然而,构造这样的查询不适合缺乏经验的用户,因为他们需要本体和语法的专业知识。在本文中,我们探索了一种方法,该方法可以自动将传统的关键字搜索转换为语义形式查询,以便在语义丰富的知识库中找到专家。本文选择了一个解决法律纠纷的专家证人发现案例作为研究领域,并实现了一个名为SKengine的系统来说明该方法。除了提供一个简单的用户界面外,我们的实验表明,与使用向量模型方法实现的具有相同界面的其他系统相比,SKengine可以以更高的精度和更高的召回率检索专家证人信息。
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引用次数: 3
OntoAbsolute as a ontology evaluation methodology in analysis of the structural domains in upper, middle and lower level ontologies OntoAbsolute作为一种本体评价方法,用于分析上、中、低层本体的结构域
Pub Date : 2011-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/STAIR.2011.5995760
M. Amirhosseini, J. Salim
Ontology researchers struggle to propose various methods and methodology in ontology evaluation as reference sources for ontology engineering and evaluating process. In this paper, we intend to explain a new ontology evaluation methodology (i.e., OntoAbsolute) which it is proposed to evaluate structural domains in semantic relations and concepts in upper, middle and lower ontologies. In 2007, a modern method was proposed in quantitative evaluation of the structural domains in knowledge organizations based on Kant's Epistemology. OntoAbsolute relies on the modern quantitative evaluation method to evaluate simplicity and unity concepts (i.e., meta-properties) in the structural domains in concepts and their relations via proposed criteria and related measures. OntoAbsolute has a capacity to develop new criteria and measures to access cognitive results in ontology as a whole. OntoAbsolute is similar to OntoClean in terms of domain-independent feature and meta-properties usage and also OntoAbsolute consists of the same structure to classify the characteristics (i.e., multi-level framework) with OntoMetric.
本体研究人员努力提出各种本体评价方法和方法论,为本体工程和评价过程提供参考。在本文中,我们打算解释一种新的本体评估方法(即OntoAbsolute),它可以评估上、中、低层本体中语义关系和概念中的结构域。2007年,在康德认识论的基础上,提出了一种定量评价知识组织结构域的现代方法。OntoAbsolute依靠现代定量评价方法,通过提出的标准和相关措施来评价概念及其关系中结构域中的简单性和统一性概念(即元属性)。OntoAbsolute有能力开发新的标准和措施来访问本体作为一个整体的认知结果。OntoAbsolute与OntoClean在独立于领域的特征和元属性的使用方面类似,而且OntoAbsolute也包含了与OntoMetric相同的特征分类结构(即多层次框架)。
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引用次数: 6
XML semantic constraint validation for XML updates: A survey XML更新的XML语义约束验证:综述
Pub Date : 2011-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/STAIR.2011.5995765
Norfaradilla Wahid, E. Pardede
XML databases are commonly used for representing data with more complex structures than traditional relational data. Like in any data model, it is very important to ensure that the contents of the database always valid even after any attempt of updates. XML Updates validation is a process of checking the correctness of XML documents, in terms of satisfying their constraints, after updates operations. The validation can be generally categorized into structural and semantic validation. The first validation is to ensure that all XML nodes in the documents conform to structural information in its associated schema. Meanwhile, the second validation checks the integrity constraints of the documents, and it involve various factors such as the functional dependencies, domain constraint, inheritance, etc. In this paper, we provide a preliminary survey of semantic validation w.r.t XML Updates. The work of validation usually applied either upon any attempt of updates or in a scheduled period. We compare the output gain by works in terms of operation of update, the composition, types of constraint, etc. It shows that even though there are abundant of studies in this area, not much work has investigated a complete semantic validation of different semantic constraints. The constraints are still strongly dependent on structural information of documents and lied only on the data access tier of application architecture.
XML数据库通常用于表示具有比传统关系数据更复杂结构的数据。与任何数据模型一样,确保数据库的内容始终有效非常重要,即使在任何更新尝试之后也是如此。XML更新验证是在更新操作之后检查XML文档是否满足约束的正确性的过程。验证一般可以分为结构验证和语义验证。第一个验证是确保文档中的所有XML节点符合其关联模式中的结构信息。同时,第二次验证检查文档的完整性约束,涉及到功能依赖、领域约束、继承等多种因素。在本文中,我们提供了语义验证w.r.t. XML更新的初步调查。验证工作通常应用于任何更新尝试或在预定期间。我们从更新操作、构成、约束类型等方面比较了各作品的输出增益。这表明,尽管这方面的研究很多,但对不同语义约束的完整语义验证的研究还不多。这些约束仍然强烈地依赖于文档的结构信息,并且仅依赖于应用程序体系结构的数据访问层。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
2011 International Conference on Semantic Technology and Information Retrieval
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