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Education policy and practice in challenging times 挑战时期的教育政策与实践
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.26686/nzaroe.v27.8060
Sue Cherrington, J. Higgins, Grant Zouch
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引用次数: 1
Leadership practices and indicators of quality, connected through internal evaluation processes in the New Zealand ECE sector 领导实践和质量指标,通过新西兰欧洲经济委员会部门的内部评价程序相联系
Pub Date : 2022-11-24 DOI: 10.26686/nzaroe.v27.8032
Christina Egan Marnell, K. Thornton
The last few years has seen a significant increase in the attention paid to leadership in the New Zealand early childhood education (ECE) sector, particularly in guiding documents. While these provide greater clarity than previously on expectations around leadership practice, a greater understanding of what leadership means and how it is implemented in different contexts is still needed. This article is based on a study exploring how educational leadership is practised through internal evaluation processes in New Zealand ECE services, and how these practices support the professional capabilities and capacities of teachers. Previous research has highlighted that a practice approach to leadership removes the focus on the individual leader and allows leadership to emerge from collective action. The objectives of this research study were: to develop a better understanding of how educational leadership is practised through internal evaluation processes; explore what challenges or enables teachers to become involved and practise educational leadership through internal evaluation processes; and to understand how services monitor the impact of changes on teaching practice, made as a result of an internal evaluation. This qualitative research, which took the form of an interpretive case study, was framed around a single case design with multiple units of analysis. Data were gathered from three participating ECE services through interviews, focus groups and observations, and drew on the perspectives of both teachers and positional leaders. A reflexive thematic data analysis approach was employed, and four key themes were developed: identification with leadership; supportive workplace culture; continuous improvement; and effective leadership practices in ECE services. Seven effective leadership practices were also identified: relational leadership; creating the conditions for teamwork; engagement; knowledge expertise and sharing opinions; shared decision making; facilitating and guiding and accountability and organisation. This article contributes to our further understanding of educational leadership practices in New Zealand ECE services.
过去几年,对新西兰幼儿教育(欧洲经委会)部门的领导,特别是指导性文件的领导,给予了极大的重视。虽然这些比以前更清楚地说明了对领导力实践的期望,但我们仍然需要更好地理解领导力的含义以及如何在不同的环境中实施领导力。本文基于一项研究,探索如何通过新西兰欧洲经委会服务的内部评估过程实践教育领导,以及这些实践如何支持教师的专业能力和能力。先前的研究强调,领导力的实践方法消除了对领导者个人的关注,并允许领导力从集体行动中脱颖而出。本研究的目的是:更好地了解教育领导是如何通过内部评估过程实践的;探索是什么挑战或使教师成为参与和实践教育领导通过内部评估过程;并了解服务如何监控教学实践变化的影响,这是内部评估的结果。这种定性研究采取了解释性案例研究的形式,是围绕单个案例设计和多个分析单元进行的。数据是通过访谈、焦点小组和观察从三个参与的欧洲经委会事务处收集的,并借鉴了教师和职位领导的观点。采用了反思性专题数据分析方法,并制定了四个关键主题:对领导的认同;支持性的工作场所文化;持续改进;以及欧洲经委会服务的有效领导做法。研究还确定了七种有效的领导实践:关系型领导;为团队合作创造条件;参与;知识专长和意见分享;共同决策;促进和指导,问责制和组织。本文有助于我们进一步了解新西兰欧洲经委会服务的教育领导实践。
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引用次数: 0
Compulsory te reo Māori in Aotearoa New Zealand schools 新西兰奥特罗亚学校的必修课程Māori
Pub Date : 2022-11-24 DOI: 10.26686/nzaroe.v27.8030
Monica Mercury, B. Wood
While support for compulsory te reo Māori in schools in Aoteaora New Zealand is growing, there is a risk that any future policy could fail, or be only poorly implemented, unless we understand more deeply the factors which shape effective language policy implementation in schools. In this paper we employ a ‘future policy analysis' to explore what it would take to effectively implement a compulsory te reo Māori policy in schools in the future. We report on interviews with twelve purposively selected stakeholders (including Māori, Pākehā, Chinese and Samoan teachers, principals and one Member of Parliament) to elicit from their experiences and reflections the key elements required to implement te reo Māori well in schools. Participants identified that prioritising and valuing te reo Maori was foundational and essential for any potential policy shift at both national and school level. In addition, participants elaborated on how teacher expertise, resourcing, time and leadership support through senior management was integral to successful adoption and implementation. The paper concludes by recommending urgent attention to a range of future-focused strategies that beginning right now could bring about transformational change in our schools and give te reo Māori the mana it deserves.
虽然在新西兰奥特奥特奥拉的学校里,对强制性语言学习Māori的支持越来越多,但除非我们更深入地了解影响学校有效语言政策实施的因素,否则未来的任何政策都有可能失败,或者执行得很差。在本文中,我们采用“未来政策分析”来探讨未来如何有效地在学校实施强制性的reo Māori政策。我们报告了对12位有意选择的利益相关者(包括Māori、Pākehā、中国和萨摩亚教师、校长和一名国会议员)的采访,以从他们的经验和反思中得出在学校中很好地实施reo Māori所需的关键要素。与会者指出,优先考虑和重视雷奥毛利人对国家和学校一级的任何潜在政策转变都是基础和必要的。此外,与会者还详细阐述了教师专业知识、资源、时间和高级管理层的领导支持如何成为成功采用和实施的组成部分。论文最后建议立即关注一系列着眼于未来的战略,这些战略现在就开始可以给我们的学校带来翻天覆地的变化,并给予reo Māori应有的管理。
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引用次数: 1
Vocational education and training reform in Aotearoa New Zealand 新西兰奥特罗阿职业教育与培训改革
Pub Date : 2022-11-24 DOI: 10.26686/nzaroe.v27.8034
Lisa Maurice-Takerei, H. Anderson
The Education and Training Act 2020 provides an opportunity to transform the Vocational Education and Training (VET) system in Aotearoa New Zealand to ensure participants are successfully prepared for participation in the current and future workforce. The authors of this paper discuss current reforms in the VET system beyond the changing of components and the assignation of requisite tasks. While change to processes and systems can have an impact on VET outcomes, the kind of change that transforms individual lives and life chances depends on the decision-making and approaches made possible only by individuals ‘at the coalface.’ Indeed, changes to training programmes and processes alone cannot give effect to improved outcomes. The authors suggest that it is educators, the often unnamed and invisible workforce that will provide the basis for transformational VET based change. The VET workforce who daily mediate training programmes and curriculum as educators, facilitators, trainers, instructors and teachers are central to the transformation of VET. Indeed, the most challenging and complex of changes within the Review of Vocational Education (RoVE) is one that is not yet accounted for or named – the VET education workforce. The authors call for a recognition of educators in VET and an acknowledgement of the centrality of their work in change. A case for planning and strategy that provides direction for the education and training workforce to build their knowledge and capability for a new VET is presented, without which the opportunity for transformational reform is at risk of being lost to componentry change.
《2020年教育和培训法》为新西兰奥特罗阿的职业教育和培训(VET)体系改革提供了机会,以确保参与者为参与当前和未来的劳动力做好准备。本文的作者讨论了当前职业教育教育体系的改革,超越了组成部分的变化和必要任务的分配。虽然过程和系统的改变会对职业教育培训的结果产生影响,但改变个人生活和生活机会的那种变化取决于只有在采煤面上的个人才能做出的决策和方法。“事实上,仅仅改变培训计划和流程并不能产生改善结果的效果。作者认为,教育工作者,往往是无名和无形的劳动力,将为基于VET的转型变革提供基础。作为教育者、促进者、培训者、指导员和教师的职业教育工作者每天调解培训计划和课程,是职业教育转型的核心。事实上,职业教育审查(RoVE)中最具挑战性和最复杂的变化是一个尚未被解释或命名的变化-职业教育劳动力。作者呼吁对职业教育教育工作者的认可,并承认他们的工作在变革中的中心地位。提出了一个规划和战略的案例,为教育和培训劳动力提供方向,以建立他们的知识和能力,以适应新的职业教育培训,没有这些,转型改革的机会就有可能失去组成变革的机会。
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引用次数: 0
Characteristics of professional development research in Aotearoa New Zealand's early childhood education sector 新西兰奥特罗阿地区幼儿教育专业发展研究特点
Pub Date : 2022-11-24 DOI: 10.26686/nzaroe.v27.8033
Linda Clarke, Tara W. McLaughlin, Karyn Aspden, Tracy Riley, Vicki Gifkins
Teachers’ professional learning and development (PLD) is an essential component in the provision of quality education. Through objective 3.6 in the Early Learning Action Plan 2019-2029 (Ministry of Education, 2019a) the Ministry of Education has signalled a need for a managed, coherent system of PLD to support the professional learning needs of early childhood teachers in Aotearoa New Zealand. Over time, research has sought to enhance understanding of PLD in ways that can contribute to more effective PLD programmes. Yet, gaps remain between PLD research, policy and practice. Synthesising extant research is important to identify existing and cumulative knowledge, and reveal research-to-practice gaps. This article reports the results of a systematic literature review, conducted to identify characteristics of PLD research within Aotearoa New Zealand’s early childhood education sector. Fifty-six research articles and reports were systematically reviewed. Findings identify that the predominantly descriptive body of research is characterised by a convergence of researchers’ and teachers’ roles, largely positive outcomes, and a broad content focus with less attention paid to PLD processes.
教师的专业学习与发展是提供优质教育的重要组成部分。通过《2019-2029年早期学习行动计划》(教育部,2019年a)的目标3.6,教育部表示需要一个可管理的、连贯的PLD系统,以支持新西兰奥特罗阿幼儿教师的专业学习需求。随着时间的推移,研究试图以有助于更有效的PLD计划的方式加强对PLD的理解。然而,在PLD研究、政策和实践之间仍然存在差距。综合现有的研究对于识别现有的和累积的知识,并揭示研究到实践的差距是很重要的。本文报告了系统文献综述的结果,旨在确定新西兰奥特罗阿幼儿教育部门PLD研究的特征。系统地回顾了56篇研究论文和报告。研究结果表明,主要的描述性研究主体的特点是研究人员和教师角色的融合,主要是积极的结果,以及广泛的内容焦点,对PLD过程的关注较少。
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引用次数: 0
Whose voice is heard? 谁的声音被听到了?
Pub Date : 2022-11-24 DOI: 10.26686/nzaroe.v27.8031
Kabini Sanga, Martyn Reynolds
Aotearoa New Zealand has had a long association with other states in the Pacific, notably with Pacific Island countries generally grouped as Polynesia and Melanesia. Donor-aid and the introduced ideas of consultants have been currencies in many of these well-appreciated relationships. However, more collaborative arrangements have also born significant fruit. These include the collaborative publications of the now dis-established He Pārekereke Institute for Research and Development in Māori and Pacific Education. This article offers a sketch of the potential of He Pārekereke as an example of a small-scale unit associated with a university to influence policy development. What emerges is the significance of such ventures to affect New Zealand Pacific policy in the field of education through privileging the strengths, priorities, understandings and ideas of Pacific Island peoples to balance those introduced to the region.
新西兰与太平洋其他国家有长期的联系,特别是与一般归类为波利尼西亚和美拉尼西亚的太平洋岛屿国家。援助国的援助和顾问提出的想法在许多这些备受赞赏的关系中一直是货币。然而,更多的合作安排也产生了显著的成果。其中包括现已解散的贺建奎Pārekereke研究与发展研究所Māori和太平洋教育的合作出版物。本文概述了He Pārekereke作为一个与大学相关的小规模单位影响政策制定的潜力。由此产生的结果是,这些活动通过优先考虑太平洋岛屿人民的优势、优先事项、理解和想法来平衡引进该地区的优势、优先事项、理解和想法,从而影响新西兰在教育领域的太平洋政策。
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引用次数: 1
What for the future, from learning the past? 从过去吸取教训,将来怎么办?
Pub Date : 2022-11-24 DOI: 10.26686/nzaroe.v27.8029
C. Neill, R. Bell, M. Belgrave, Peter Meihana, Geoff Watson
Important curriculum development work has progressed since the 2019 announcement that Aotearoa New Zealand histories would become compulsory learning across all schools. Much effort has gone into considering how learning ‘our’ histories can engage, inspire and empower children in schools through years 1 to 10, and recent writing has focused on how to address challenges in building knowledge and capability to meet those aims. However, what will be the effects beyond those years? Will students still be drawn to choose history in their senior school years, or will they be ‘over it’? In a quest to gauge the implications of the new curriculum, our research team surveyed secondary school history students on their motivations and areas of interest in learning history, and their views on Aotearoa New Zealand history becoming compulsory for Years 1-10. Findings from our research confirmed that students’ past engagement with history influenced their ongoing interest, motivation and understanding of the subject. However, the positive learning that had drawn them to history was often about everyone else’s history rather than their own. Students identified international histories – often involving war or conflict – as favourite topics. So, while most supported the implementation of the new curriculum, they equally expressed concern that the local focus should not be at the expense of wider perspectives. They felt history could become repetitive and boring; elements which could put students off engaging with history in future.  We conclude by presenting important considerations for ensuring such negative impacts do not occur.
自2019年宣布新西兰历史将成为所有学校的必修课程以来,重要的课程开发工作取得了进展。很多人都在努力思考,学习“我们的”历史如何能吸引、激励和赋予学校一到十年级的孩子力量,最近的文章主要关注如何应对在建立知识和能力方面的挑战,以实现这些目标。然而,这些年后会有什么影响呢?学生们在高中阶段是否还会被历史课所吸引,或者他们是否会“放弃”历史课?为了评估新课程的影响,我们的研究团队调查了中学历史学生学习历史的动机和兴趣领域,以及他们对新西兰历史成为1-10年级必修课程的看法。我们的研究结果证实,学生过去与历史的接触影响了他们对这门学科的持续兴趣、动机和理解。然而,吸引他们学习历史的正面知识往往是关于其他人的历史,而不是他们自己的历史。学生们认为国际历史——通常涉及战争或冲突——是他们最喜欢的话题。因此,虽然大多数人支持实施新课程,但他们同样表示担心,不应以牺牲更广泛的视野为代价,只关注地方。他们觉得历史会变得重复和无聊;这些因素可能会让学生们在未来放弃学习历史。最后,我们提出了确保此类负面影响不会发生的重要考虑因素。
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引用次数: 1
Paradigm lost 模式失去了
Pub Date : 2021-08-05 DOI: 10.26686/nzaroe.v25.6962
Elizabeth Eley, M. Berryman
The term paradigm lost (with apologies to Milton) references the lost opportunities arising from a discrepancy in both what the New Zealand education context promises and what is implemented in many schools. Honouring the Treaty of Waitangi inherently promises an education system that draws on the worldviews of both Māori and Pākehā. We argue that the schooling model, adopted in 1877 and substantively unchallenged since, does not reflect the views of the uniqueness of every child as contained in the heritages of both Treaty signatory partners. More concerning is that the accompanying assimilatory practices within schooling have perpetuated their disastrous impact on Māori. This article explores the impacts of the ‘lost paradigm’ on students’ sense of self and therefore on their sense of belonging at school. The potential and hope for paradigm regained is also presented, drawing from the responses of educators who have participated in a professional learning and development course, where participants engage in a process of conscientisation, resistance and transformative praxis, that changes both their personal educational practice and that of their school. Through this course, participants experience what Freire (1996) refers to as ‘radical hope’ – the belief that we can make life better for others and change the paradigms that lead to oppression and despair.
范式丢失这个词(向弥尔顿道歉)指的是由于新西兰教育环境的承诺和许多学校实施的内容之间的差异而导致的机会丢失。遵守《怀唐伊条约》本身就承诺建立一个借鉴Māori和Pākehā两种世界观的教育体系。我们认为,1877年采用的教育模式并没有反映出《条约》两个签署伙伴的遗产中所包含的关于每个儿童独特性的观点。更令人担忧的是,学校里随之而来的同化做法对Māori造成了灾难性的影响。本文探讨了“迷失范式”对学生自我意识的影响,从而影响了他们在学校的归属感。从参与专业学习和发展课程的教育工作者的反应中,也提出了范式重新获得的潜力和希望,参与者参与了一个尽责、抵抗和变革实践的过程,这改变了他们的个人教育实践和学校的教育实践。通过这门课程,参与者体验到Freire(1996)所说的“激进的希望”——相信我们可以让他人的生活更美好,改变导致压迫和绝望的范式。
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引用次数: 2
Early childhood education in Aotearoa in a post-Covid world 新冠肺炎后世界中奥特罗亚的幼儿教育
Pub Date : 2021-07-20 DOI: 10.26686/nzaroe.v25.6913
Linda Mitchell
This article draws on recent research on the impact of Covid-19 on the early childhood education (ECE) sector in Aotearoa. It discusses the innovative ways that ECE services found to communicate with families and children and maintain an education programme during lockdowns, the essential role they played in childcare for children of essential workers, and the approaches some took to “working in solidarity” with children, families, and community. The article discusses crucial issues that need attention at policy and organisational levels. These include new issues that arose during lockdowns, and enduring issues that have intensified. The consequences of three decades of neoliberalism, privatisation and marketisation are briefly discussed and a reimagined vision is put forward.
本文借鉴了最近关于Covid-19对新西兰幼儿教育(ECE)部门影响的研究。报告讨论了欧洲经委会服务部门在封锁期间找到的与家庭和儿童沟通和维持教育方案的创新方式,它们在照料关键工作人员的子女方面发挥的重要作用,以及一些机构采取的与儿童、家庭和社区"团结一致"的办法。本文讨论了在政策和组织层面需要注意的关键问题。这些问题包括在封锁期间出现的新问题,以及已经加剧的长期问题。本文简要讨论了三十年来新自由主义、私有化和市场化的后果,并提出了一个重新构想的愿景。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial to NZARoE 2020 main issue 2020年NZARoE主要议题社论
Pub Date : 2021-07-20 DOI: 10.26686/nzaroe.v25.7140
Sue Cherrington, J. Higgins, Grant Zouch
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引用次数: 0
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The New Zealand Annual Review of Education
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