Pub Date : 2022-06-13DOI: 10.1080/21665095.2022.2074863
Leavitt Ha, N. Huyen
ABSTRACT The inflow of foreign direct investment (FDI) worldwide, especially in European countries, suffered a steep fall due to the rapid spread of the COVID-19 virus. This article is the first effort to empirically investigate the nexus between digital transformation and FDI inflows, thereby finding a way to help countries overcome the current situation. Using the data of 23 European countries pre-COVID (2015–2019) and during the COVID health crisis (2020), we demonstrate a nonlinear relationship between digitalization and FDI inflows, implying that a certain extent of digital transformation could promote the inflows of FDI. Before the COVID-19 health crisis, digital business played a critical role in attracting FDI inflows. E-commercial activities also enhanced FDI flows during the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, and digital public services may be an effective tool to help countries overcome the health crisis. Furthermore, digitalization plays a critical role in promoting FDI inflows in both the short term and long term. Hence, digital transformation is an inevitable process that countries need to embrace in order to overcome the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic and resolve the delay or lack of foreign investments.
{"title":"Impacts of digitalization on foreign investments in the European region during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Leavitt Ha, N. Huyen","doi":"10.1080/21665095.2022.2074863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21665095.2022.2074863","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The inflow of foreign direct investment (FDI) worldwide, especially in European countries, suffered a steep fall due to the rapid spread of the COVID-19 virus. This article is the first effort to empirically investigate the nexus between digital transformation and FDI inflows, thereby finding a way to help countries overcome the current situation. Using the data of 23 European countries pre-COVID (2015–2019) and during the COVID health crisis (2020), we demonstrate a nonlinear relationship between digitalization and FDI inflows, implying that a certain extent of digital transformation could promote the inflows of FDI. Before the COVID-19 health crisis, digital business played a critical role in attracting FDI inflows. E-commercial activities also enhanced FDI flows during the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, and digital public services may be an effective tool to help countries overcome the health crisis. Furthermore, digitalization plays a critical role in promoting FDI inflows in both the short term and long term. Hence, digital transformation is an inevitable process that countries need to embrace in order to overcome the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic and resolve the delay or lack of foreign investments.","PeriodicalId":37781,"journal":{"name":"Development Studies Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"177 - 191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45345174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-19DOI: 10.1080/21665095.2022.2072924
Mandefrot Amare, L. Zemedu, A. Mehare, Ketema Bekele
ABSTRACT The COVID-19 outbreak in early 2020 had a significant impact on human health and the economy. To effectively manage this pandemic, we must balance economic losses and health benefits. We must use real-time data to accomplish this. The literature currently available for Ethiopia is based on simulations of pre-COVID macroeconomic data and economic indicators. Using a Poisson pseudo maximum likelihood estimator for a machine learning semi-mixed effect model (SMEM) of structural gravity, this study estimated the impact of COVID-19 cases and deaths, vaccinations, and non-pharmaceutical policies on Ethiopian trade. Cases, deaths, and the stringency index all have statistically significant negative effects on bilateral exports and imports. Vaccinations, on the other hand, have a statistically significant positive impact on both bilateral exports and imports. When compared to bilateral imports, Ethiopia's bilateral exports suffer greatly. Import substitution and increased vaccination coverage and rates are the policy implications.
{"title":"The impact of COVID-19, vaccination, and non-pharmaceutical policies on Ethiopian trade: a structural gravity using semi-parametric machine learning","authors":"Mandefrot Amare, L. Zemedu, A. Mehare, Ketema Bekele","doi":"10.1080/21665095.2022.2072924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21665095.2022.2072924","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The COVID-19 outbreak in early 2020 had a significant impact on human health and the economy. To effectively manage this pandemic, we must balance economic losses and health benefits. We must use real-time data to accomplish this. The literature currently available for Ethiopia is based on simulations of pre-COVID macroeconomic data and economic indicators. Using a Poisson pseudo maximum likelihood estimator for a machine learning semi-mixed effect model (SMEM) of structural gravity, this study estimated the impact of COVID-19 cases and deaths, vaccinations, and non-pharmaceutical policies on Ethiopian trade. Cases, deaths, and the stringency index all have statistically significant negative effects on bilateral exports and imports. Vaccinations, on the other hand, have a statistically significant positive impact on both bilateral exports and imports. When compared to bilateral imports, Ethiopia's bilateral exports suffer greatly. Import substitution and increased vaccination coverage and rates are the policy implications.","PeriodicalId":37781,"journal":{"name":"Development Studies Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"159 - 176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47407736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-17DOI: 10.1080/21665095.2022.2073248
D. Gonzalez, Rana Abdel Sattar, Ratan Budhathoki, N. Carrard, Rachel P. Chase, Joanne Crawford, G. Halcrow, Tyler Kozole, Jess MacArthur, C. Nicoletti, Veasna Toeur, Min Prasad Basnet, Aastha Chhetri, H. Gurung, Ambika Yadav, Pa Vourchnea, J. Willetts
ABSTRACT The connections between WASH and gender equality have been extensively explored and documented using qualitative approaches, but not yet through quantitative means in ways that can strengthen WASH programming. The Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Gender Equality Measure (WASH-GEM) is a novel quantitative multidimensional tool co-produced in partnership between researchers and practitioners. This article explores three dimensions of the WASH-GEM co-production and implementation: (i) the role of partnerships in co-production processes for bringing contextual and practitioner knowledge into measure development; (ii) selected results from the validation pilot in Cambodia and Nepal (n = 3,056) that demonstrate ways in which the measure can inform WASH programming through analysis at different levels and with different co-variants; and (iii) the collaborative process of translating research into programming. The study illustrates that strong partnership and co-production processes were foundational for the development of a conceptually rigorous quantitative measure that has practical relevance. The findings presented in this article have implications for future measure development and WASH programming that aims to influence gender equality in rural communities.
{"title":"A partnership approach to the design and use of a quantitative measure: Co-producing and piloting the WASH gender equality measure in Cambodia and Nepal","authors":"D. Gonzalez, Rana Abdel Sattar, Ratan Budhathoki, N. Carrard, Rachel P. Chase, Joanne Crawford, G. Halcrow, Tyler Kozole, Jess MacArthur, C. Nicoletti, Veasna Toeur, Min Prasad Basnet, Aastha Chhetri, H. Gurung, Ambika Yadav, Pa Vourchnea, J. Willetts","doi":"10.1080/21665095.2022.2073248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21665095.2022.2073248","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The connections between WASH and gender equality have been extensively explored and documented using qualitative approaches, but not yet through quantitative means in ways that can strengthen WASH programming. The Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Gender Equality Measure (WASH-GEM) is a novel quantitative multidimensional tool co-produced in partnership between researchers and practitioners. This article explores three dimensions of the WASH-GEM co-production and implementation: (i) the role of partnerships in co-production processes for bringing contextual and practitioner knowledge into measure development; (ii) selected results from the validation pilot in Cambodia and Nepal (n = 3,056) that demonstrate ways in which the measure can inform WASH programming through analysis at different levels and with different co-variants; and (iii) the collaborative process of translating research into programming. The study illustrates that strong partnership and co-production processes were foundational for the development of a conceptually rigorous quantitative measure that has practical relevance. The findings presented in this article have implications for future measure development and WASH programming that aims to influence gender equality in rural communities.","PeriodicalId":37781,"journal":{"name":"Development Studies Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"142 - 158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49507970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-17DOI: 10.1080/21665095.2022.2074492
Jhonsy Silva, Nilton B. Rojas-Briceño, Daniel Tineo, E. Morales, Jhovana Sopla, Jhordy Perez, Nelson Rodríguez, Samia Fernández, Roicer Bautista, Malena Mas, Gabriela Campos, Wildor Gosgot, Lily Juárez, Lorenzo Culqui, Miguel Bautista, Nina Castañeda, M. López, M. S. Calderon, D. E. Bustamante
ABSTRACT The relevance of scientific research to local challenges and the need to produce actionable knowledge that benefits local development have not been evaluated. This study evaluates whether scientific research focused on the Amazonas region is framed within its five regional components of the Concerted Regional Development Plan (CRDP) to achieve sustainable development. In this study, 386 scientific articles published during 1960–2021 focusing on the Amazonas region were evaluated. Although Amazonas is the third poorest region in Peru, scientific production in this region has largely increased (CAGR2001-2021 = 16.4%). However, women and indigenous authors are underrepresented suggesting a unilateral knowledge transfer. The highest scientific contribution was reported for component 1 of the CRDP (58%), centering on topics about the conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services. Scientific research focusing on the Amazonas region fails to fully aboard the overall sustainable components of the CRDP. Social sciences are clearly understudied. It is the role of regional institutions (government, universities, industry, non-profit, etc.) to ensure the extension of research topics covering other dimensions of scientific knowledge and social needs. Conclusively, it is pending that local policymakers take into consideration emerging disciplines that can provide an updated perspective in developmental policies in the Amazonas region.
{"title":"Contributions of scientific research to regional development in the Amazonas region, northern Peru","authors":"Jhonsy Silva, Nilton B. Rojas-Briceño, Daniel Tineo, E. Morales, Jhovana Sopla, Jhordy Perez, Nelson Rodríguez, Samia Fernández, Roicer Bautista, Malena Mas, Gabriela Campos, Wildor Gosgot, Lily Juárez, Lorenzo Culqui, Miguel Bautista, Nina Castañeda, M. López, M. S. Calderon, D. E. Bustamante","doi":"10.1080/21665095.2022.2074492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21665095.2022.2074492","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 The relevance of scientific research to local challenges and the need to produce actionable knowledge that benefits local development have not been evaluated. This study evaluates whether scientific research focused on the Amazonas region is framed within its five regional components of the Concerted Regional Development Plan (CRDP) to achieve sustainable development. In this study, 386 scientific articles published during 1960–2021 focusing on the Amazonas region were evaluated. Although Amazonas is the third poorest region in Peru, scientific production in this region has largely increased (CAGR2001-2021 = 16.4%). However, women and indigenous authors are underrepresented suggesting a unilateral knowledge transfer. The highest scientific contribution was reported for component 1 of the CRDP (58%), centering on topics about the conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services. Scientific research focusing on the Amazonas region fails to fully aboard the overall sustainable components of the CRDP. Social sciences are clearly understudied. It is the role of regional institutions (government, universities, industry, non-profit, etc.) to ensure the extension of research topics covering other dimensions of scientific knowledge and social needs. Conclusively, it is pending that local policymakers take into consideration emerging disciplines that can provide an updated perspective in developmental policies in the Amazonas region.","PeriodicalId":37781,"journal":{"name":"Development Studies Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"129 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44272837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-26DOI: 10.1080/21665095.2022.2065325
Zaheer Abbas, G. Afshan, Ghulam Mustifa
ABSTRACT Financial development and its relationships with economic growth and income inequality have recently received considerable attention. The present study investigates the relationships between financial development and (i) economic growth, using data from 44 countries; (ii) economic inequality, using data from 42 middle-income countries. Estimates are obtained through a panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model for a period of 23 years (1995-2018). Results reveal that financial development contributes to economic growth in both groups of countries in the long run. However, the contribution financial development makes to economic growth is more noticeable in the case of upper-middle income countries. Additionally, Granger causality test based on Vector Error Correction (VEC) showed two-way Granger causality between financial development and economic growth. Findings disclosed an inverted U-shaped association between financial development and income inequality for both lower-middle income and upper-middle income countries. This study can aid policymakers in designing policies that can strengthen financial systems, thereby enhancing economic growth and reducing income inequality.
{"title":"The effect of financial development on economic growth and income distribution: an empirical evidence from lower-middle and upper-middle-income countries","authors":"Zaheer Abbas, G. Afshan, Ghulam Mustifa","doi":"10.1080/21665095.2022.2065325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21665095.2022.2065325","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Financial development and its relationships with economic growth and income inequality have recently received considerable attention. The present study investigates the relationships between financial development and (i) economic growth, using data from 44 countries; (ii) economic inequality, using data from 42 middle-income countries. Estimates are obtained through a panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model for a period of 23 years (1995-2018). Results reveal that financial development contributes to economic growth in both groups of countries in the long run. However, the contribution financial development makes to economic growth is more noticeable in the case of upper-middle income countries. Additionally, Granger causality test based on Vector Error Correction (VEC) showed two-way Granger causality between financial development and economic growth. Findings disclosed an inverted U-shaped association between financial development and income inequality for both lower-middle income and upper-middle income countries. This study can aid policymakers in designing policies that can strengthen financial systems, thereby enhancing economic growth and reducing income inequality.","PeriodicalId":37781,"journal":{"name":"Development Studies Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"117 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45106398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-07DOI: 10.1080/21665095.2022.2057345
A. Belay, B. Simane, E. Teferi
ABSTRACT Economic sustainability is particularly important in agriculture. It is related to the basic economic goal of farmers and the reason for their economic activities. Household-level adaptation and mitigation measures reflect the relative importance of economic goals for sustainability. Researchers collected data via a questionnaire designed to include household demographics, farm-specific variables, inputs, and outputs. The empirical model uses stochastic frontier and technical inefficiency models to analyze economic sustainability. Bered and Teleta were the two most economically sustainable and unsustainable regions. Differences in levels of economic sustainability have been attributed to characteristics that are expected to vary from household to household and from region to region. Output-oriented and input-oriented measures of inefficiency loss show that agriculture can be more economically sustainable as long as it is less efficient. Farmers could expand production with existing inputs, or they could reduce their inputs without lowering production levels. In addition, the return to scale was compared with the growth potential in each region. The political decision makers, therefore, seem to emphasize efforts to improve efficiency instead of investing in new technologies and inputs for the greater economic sustainability of the Koga Irrigation and Watershed Project.
{"title":"Technical efficiency indicator for economic sustainability in Koga Irrigation and Watershed Project: Ethiopia","authors":"A. Belay, B. Simane, E. Teferi","doi":"10.1080/21665095.2022.2057345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21665095.2022.2057345","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Economic sustainability is particularly important in agriculture. It is related to the basic economic goal of farmers and the reason for their economic activities. Household-level adaptation and mitigation measures reflect the relative importance of economic goals for sustainability. Researchers collected data via a questionnaire designed to include household demographics, farm-specific variables, inputs, and outputs. The empirical model uses stochastic frontier and technical inefficiency models to analyze economic sustainability. Bered and Teleta were the two most economically sustainable and unsustainable regions. Differences in levels of economic sustainability have been attributed to characteristics that are expected to vary from household to household and from region to region. Output-oriented and input-oriented measures of inefficiency loss show that agriculture can be more economically sustainable as long as it is less efficient. Farmers could expand production with existing inputs, or they could reduce their inputs without lowering production levels. In addition, the return to scale was compared with the growth potential in each region. The political decision makers, therefore, seem to emphasize efforts to improve efficiency instead of investing in new technologies and inputs for the greater economic sustainability of the Koga Irrigation and Watershed Project.","PeriodicalId":37781,"journal":{"name":"Development Studies Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"95 - 116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44787288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Qatar has experienced rapid economic development in recent decades and has made large investments in the education sector to improve learning outcomes. The Qatar National Vision of 2030 also aspires to encourage life-long learning, one enabler of which is fostering a reading culture. This paper assesses one program that has aimed to enable this change and the modalities it employs, thereby contributing evidence regarding this under-studied country within rapid transition. The evidence suggests that the majority of children who participate in the program significantly improve their attitude toward reading without any gendered differences. The findings also show that compared to before joining the program, the majority of participating children spend more time reading, and the majority of parents spend more time reading with/to their children. However, these positive behavioral changes are not experienced by all children or parents. We also explore key barriers to change, relating to time limitations, challenges related to technology, and individual difficulties. Based on this case study assessment, recommendations are offered to enhance the activities of the program, particularly regarding barriers as well as for expanding the coverage of the program and broadening inclusion.
{"title":"Fostering a reading culture: evidence from Qatar Reads","authors":"Logan Cochrane, Ozcan Ozturk, Hanieh Khataee, Reem Al-Hababi, Fatema Al-Malki, Hisham Nourin","doi":"10.1080/21665095.2022.2050774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21665095.2022.2050774","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Qatar has experienced rapid economic development in recent decades and has made large investments in the education sector to improve learning outcomes. The Qatar National Vision of 2030 also aspires to encourage life-long learning, one enabler of which is fostering a reading culture. This paper assesses one program that has aimed to enable this change and the modalities it employs, thereby contributing evidence regarding this under-studied country within rapid transition. The evidence suggests that the majority of children who participate in the program significantly improve their attitude toward reading without any gendered differences. The findings also show that compared to before joining the program, the majority of participating children spend more time reading, and the majority of parents spend more time reading with/to their children. However, these positive behavioral changes are not experienced by all children or parents. We also explore key barriers to change, relating to time limitations, challenges related to technology, and individual difficulties. Based on this case study assessment, recommendations are offered to enhance the activities of the program, particularly regarding barriers as well as for expanding the coverage of the program and broadening inclusion.","PeriodicalId":37781,"journal":{"name":"Development Studies Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"82 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45755954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1080/21665095.2022.2042348
Chiara Rambaldi
ABSTRACT ‘Unequal development’: a cherry narrative always assumed as natural and continuous between the Global North and South. As de facto assumed, the foundation of poverty has always been diagnosed as a domestic and technical immaturity of developing countries that will find a solution within the international economic order. But what if the North–South divide was the direct product of a political palette nurtured by the supposed solution to the problem? In his book The Divide: A Brief Guide to Global Inequality and its Solutions, Jason Hickel turns his back on old developmentalist formulas, challenging the development-machine effectiveness based on foreign intervention and international institutions’ agendas. The author, anthropologist at the London School of Economics, analyses through historical fragments the core of an economic order built over centuries to benefit a small percentage of mankind in the name of progress. Accordingly, his analysis proves eliminating inequality and poverty would mean unsettling the world economic system the international arena is based on. The answer? Eventually, the acceptance of a new economic order willing to embrace debts liberation, more democratic and participatory agencies, and a biased trading system to favor developing nations.
摘要:“不平等发展”:在全球南北之间总是被认为是自然和连续的樱桃叙事。正如事实上所假定的那样，贫穷的根源一直被诊断为发展中国家国内和技术上的不成熟，将在国际经济秩序中找到解决办法。但是，如果南北分歧是由所谓的问题解决方案所孕育的政治调色板的直接产物呢?在他的书《鸿沟:全球不平等及其解决方案简要指南》中，杰森·希克尔抛弃了旧的发展主义公式，挑战了基于外国干预和国际机构议程的发展机器的有效性。作者是伦敦政治经济学院(London School of Economics)的人类学家，他通过历史碎片分析了几个世纪以来以进步的名义为一小部分人造福的经济秩序的核心。因此，他的分析证明，消除不平等和贫困将意味着扰乱国际舞台所依据的世界经济体系。答案吗?最终，接受一个新的经济秩序，愿意接受债务减免，更民主和参与性的机构，以及偏向发展中国家的贸易体系。
{"title":"A review of the development divide between Global North and South through a Foucauldian perspective","authors":"Chiara Rambaldi","doi":"10.1080/21665095.2022.2042348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21665095.2022.2042348","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT ‘Unequal development’: a cherry narrative always assumed as natural and continuous between the Global North and South. As de facto assumed, the foundation of poverty has always been diagnosed as a domestic and technical immaturity of developing countries that will find a solution within the international economic order. But what if the North–South divide was the direct product of a political palette nurtured by the supposed solution to the problem? In his book The Divide: A Brief Guide to Global Inequality and its Solutions, Jason Hickel turns his back on old developmentalist formulas, challenging the development-machine effectiveness based on foreign intervention and international institutions’ agendas. The author, anthropologist at the London School of Economics, analyses through historical fragments the core of an economic order built over centuries to benefit a small percentage of mankind in the name of progress. Accordingly, his analysis proves eliminating inequality and poverty would mean unsettling the world economic system the international arena is based on. The answer? Eventually, the acceptance of a new economic order willing to embrace debts liberation, more democratic and participatory agencies, and a biased trading system to favor developing nations.","PeriodicalId":37781,"journal":{"name":"Development Studies Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"67 - 69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46129059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1080/21665095.2022.2043174
Hyejin Lee
ABSTRACT Aid allocations choices bilateral donors make can be influenced by the institutional environment of a recipient government and the way this environment is perceived. This study examines bilateral donors’ approaches to their aid allocations in Uganda. Uganda provides an interesting case study since the government’s control over the aid funds decreased considerably over the past decade-with donors significantly tightening aid fungibility while the total aid funds Uganda received increased compared with the previous decade, 2002–2009. The donors seemed to control aid fungibility through aid modalities, sectors and/or channels; most aid was carried out as projects, in health-related sectors and through non-state actors, leaving small leverage for the Ugandan government over the aid funds. These might be the donors’ tactical responses to the cloudy political environment of Uganda by increasing their supervision over the aid funds, instead of cutting them. The largest donor, the United States, mostly shaped the aid portfolio of Uganda showing specific preferences in aid modalities, sectors and channels. Uganda should refine its effort towards an improvement of the national political context. This would increase donors’ confidence and willingness to loosen aid fungibility and lead better use of aid resources.
{"title":"Aid allocation decisions of bilateral donors in Ugandan context","authors":"Hyejin Lee","doi":"10.1080/21665095.2022.2043174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21665095.2022.2043174","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Aid allocations choices bilateral donors make can be influenced by the institutional environment of a recipient government and the way this environment is perceived. This study examines bilateral donors’ approaches to their aid allocations in Uganda. Uganda provides an interesting case study since the government’s control over the aid funds decreased considerably over the past decade-with donors significantly tightening aid fungibility while the total aid funds Uganda received increased compared with the previous decade, 2002–2009. The donors seemed to control aid fungibility through aid modalities, sectors and/or channels; most aid was carried out as projects, in health-related sectors and through non-state actors, leaving small leverage for the Ugandan government over the aid funds. These might be the donors’ tactical responses to the cloudy political environment of Uganda by increasing their supervision over the aid funds, instead of cutting them. The largest donor, the United States, mostly shaped the aid portfolio of Uganda showing specific preferences in aid modalities, sectors and channels. Uganda should refine its effort towards an improvement of the national political context. This would increase donors’ confidence and willingness to loosen aid fungibility and lead better use of aid resources.","PeriodicalId":37781,"journal":{"name":"Development Studies Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"70 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42409700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-04DOI: 10.1080/21665095.2022.2032235
Ahsan Abbas, Zaheer Abbas, Ghulam Mustifa
ABSTRACT The present study empirically analyses the sector-wise private investment behaviour in Pakistan using the autoregressive distributed lag model from 1964 to 2015. The results indicate that credit availability and infrastructural development considerably affect private investment in agriculture, industry, and services. However, the user cost of capital does not have any influence on investment. The response of investment demand to credit availability is inelastic (i.e. 0.259) for agriculture but relatively higher for the industrial sector with a magnitude of 0.554. However, its value is slightly higher than the unit elastic value (1.059) in services. Fertiliser use positively impacts investment in agriculture, which is negatively affected by access to water. The values of the corresponding coefficients are 0.726 and −2.731, respectively. Remittances and foreign direct investment positively contribute to private investment in services. Openness significantly demotes private investment in services, and its magnitude is relatively high (−5.127). The findings signify and implicate the role of water availability, government support, and financial development in the agricultural sector. However, a stable political environment and cost of investment are very important for investment activities in the industry. Nevertheless, the role of openness in investment in services is vital.
{"title":"An empirical analysis of sector-wise private investment for a small open economy","authors":"Ahsan Abbas, Zaheer Abbas, Ghulam Mustifa","doi":"10.1080/21665095.2022.2032235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21665095.2022.2032235","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present study empirically analyses the sector-wise private investment behaviour in Pakistan using the autoregressive distributed lag model from 1964 to 2015. The results indicate that credit availability and infrastructural development considerably affect private investment in agriculture, industry, and services. However, the user cost of capital does not have any influence on investment. The response of investment demand to credit availability is inelastic (i.e. 0.259) for agriculture but relatively higher for the industrial sector with a magnitude of 0.554. However, its value is slightly higher than the unit elastic value (1.059) in services. Fertiliser use positively impacts investment in agriculture, which is negatively affected by access to water. The values of the corresponding coefficients are 0.726 and −2.731, respectively. Remittances and foreign direct investment positively contribute to private investment in services. Openness significantly demotes private investment in services, and its magnitude is relatively high (−5.127). The findings signify and implicate the role of water availability, government support, and financial development in the agricultural sector. However, a stable political environment and cost of investment are very important for investment activities in the industry. Nevertheless, the role of openness in investment in services is vital.","PeriodicalId":37781,"journal":{"name":"Development Studies Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"21 - 35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47147794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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