This paper presents new localities of the epiphytic lichen Candelariella reflexa (Nyl.) Lettau found in NE Poland. The species has been reported in Poland for over two decades, but the progress of research on the taxonomy of this genus requires confirmation of the data by the currently accepted taxonomic approach. The paper also discusses the diagnostic features of the species that help distinguish it from other similar taxa.
{"title":"Notes on Candelariella reflexa s. str. (Ascomycota, Candelariaceae) in Poland","authors":"D. Kubiak","doi":"10.5586/am/183018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/am/183018","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents new localities of the epiphytic lichen Candelariella reflexa (Nyl.) Lettau found in NE Poland. The species has been reported in Poland for over two decades, but the progress of research on the taxonomy of this genus requires confirmation of the data by the currently accepted taxonomic approach. The paper also discusses the diagnostic features of the species that help distinguish it from other similar taxa.","PeriodicalId":37880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mycologica","volume":"45 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140448767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Tatra Mts are the highest mountain range in the Carpathians and are an important biodiversity region for many organisms. Plants, animals, and fungi are better studied in this region, while myxomycetes still remain understudied. This study presents the most up-to-date checklist of myxomycetes in the Polish Tatra Mts. The list is based on the published literature data and new records from the years 2000-2019. Overall, 85 species are reported, four are new to Poland (Arcyria cf. helvetica, Cribraria macrospora, Fuligo cf. licentii, and Nannengaella cf. mellea), and 30 taxa (species or varieties) are reported for the first time from the study area.
{"title":"Checklist of Myxomycetes (Amoebozoa) of the Polish Tatra Mts","authors":"Wojciech Paul, P. Janik, A. Ronikier","doi":"10.5586/am/178396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/am/178396","url":null,"abstract":"The Tatra Mts are the highest mountain range in the Carpathians and are an important biodiversity region for many organisms. Plants, animals, and fungi are better studied in this region, while myxomycetes still remain understudied. This study presents the most up-to-date checklist of myxomycetes in the Polish Tatra Mts. The list is based on the published literature data and new records from the years 2000-2019. Overall, 85 species are reported, four are new to Poland (Arcyria cf. helvetica, Cribraria macrospora, Fuligo cf. licentii, and Nannengaella cf. mellea), and 30 taxa (species or varieties) are reported for the first time from the study area.","PeriodicalId":37880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mycologica","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139782869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Tatra Mts are the highest mountain range in the Carpathians and are an important biodiversity region for many organisms. Plants, animals, and fungi are better studied in this region, while myxomycetes still remain understudied. This study presents the most up-to-date checklist of myxomycetes in the Polish Tatra Mts. The list is based on the published literature data and new records from the years 2000-2019. Overall, 85 species are reported, four are new to Poland (Arcyria cf. helvetica, Cribraria macrospora, Fuligo cf. licentii, and Nannengaella cf. mellea), and 30 taxa (species or varieties) are reported for the first time from the study area.
{"title":"Checklist of Myxomycetes (Amoebozoa) of the Polish Tatra Mts","authors":"Wojciech Paul, P. Janik, A. Ronikier","doi":"10.5586/am/178396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/am/178396","url":null,"abstract":"The Tatra Mts are the highest mountain range in the Carpathians and are an important biodiversity region for many organisms. Plants, animals, and fungi are better studied in this region, while myxomycetes still remain understudied. This study presents the most up-to-date checklist of myxomycetes in the Polish Tatra Mts. The list is based on the published literature data and new records from the years 2000-2019. Overall, 85 species are reported, four are new to Poland (Arcyria cf. helvetica, Cribraria macrospora, Fuligo cf. licentii, and Nannengaella cf. mellea), and 30 taxa (species or varieties) are reported for the first time from the study area.","PeriodicalId":37880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mycologica","volume":"145 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139842749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The research aimed to study the extent of fungicolous fungi prevalence on the thallus of fungi parasitic to the plants of the urban environment and to assess the species diversity of these microorganisms, with particular attention paid to the phenomenon of hyperparasitism. The research material consisted of herbaceous plants, trees, and shrubs showing signs of infestation by fungi, planted as park plants, along communication arteries, for hedges or ornamental plants, collected in larger cities of north-eastern Poland. Macroscopic and microscopic analysis revealed the presence of 12 different species of fungicolous fungi. The greatest diversity was found on the parasite of Alcea rosea, i.e., Puccinia malvaceraum, on which four fungal species were recorded. Four species of hyperparasites were identified: Ampelomyces quisqualis on the thallus of 19 Erysiphales species,Cladosporium uredinicola on the thallus of 5 species of the Pucciniales order, Clonostachys epichloë on Epichloë typhina, and Sphaerellopsis filum on the thallus of 11 representatives of Pucciniales. The study was also the first to record the presence of superparasites: Ampelomyces quisqualis on four Erysiphales species and Sphaerellopsis filum on three Pucciniales species. It is difficult to determine the relationships established by the other identified fungicolous fungi due to the lack of literature data. Nevertheless, the study demonstrated the presence of, among others, Stemphylium sarciniforme structures inside Erysiphe palczewskii appendages and the absence of ascospores inside the fruiting bodies indicative of the invasive nature of this relationship. However, confirmation of these findings requires further detailed microscopic and molecular analyses.
{"title":"Fungicolous fungi on microscopic fungi parasitic to the vegetation of the urban environment","authors":"E. Sucharzewska, E. Ejdys, D. Kubiak","doi":"10.5586/am/176036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/am/176036","url":null,"abstract":"The research aimed to study the extent of fungicolous fungi prevalence on the thallus of fungi parasitic to the plants of the urban environment and to assess the species diversity of these microorganisms, with particular attention paid to the phenomenon of hyperparasitism. The research material consisted of herbaceous plants, trees, and shrubs showing signs of infestation by fungi, planted as park plants, along communication arteries, for hedges or ornamental plants, collected in larger cities of north-eastern Poland. Macroscopic and microscopic analysis revealed the presence of 12 different species of fungicolous fungi. The greatest diversity was found on the parasite of Alcea rosea, i.e., Puccinia malvaceraum, on which four fungal species were recorded. Four species of hyperparasites were identified: Ampelomyces quisqualis on the thallus of 19 Erysiphales species,Cladosporium uredinicola on the thallus of 5 species of the Pucciniales order, Clonostachys epichloë on Epichloë typhina, and Sphaerellopsis filum on the thallus of 11 representatives of Pucciniales. The study was also the first to record the presence of superparasites: Ampelomyces quisqualis on four Erysiphales species and Sphaerellopsis filum on three Pucciniales species. It is difficult to determine the relationships established by the other identified fungicolous fungi due to the lack of literature data. Nevertheless, the study demonstrated the presence of, among others, Stemphylium sarciniforme structures inside Erysiphe palczewskii appendages and the absence of ascospores inside the fruiting bodies indicative of the invasive nature of this relationship. However, confirmation of these findings requires further detailed microscopic and molecular analyses.","PeriodicalId":37880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mycologica","volume":"65 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139146755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Ossowska, U. Schiefelbein, R. Szymczyk, M. Kukwa
The first records of Parmelia ernstiae from Madeira, as well as the new localities of P. encryptata from Poland and P. sulcata from Chile, are presented. All records are confirmed by molecular data, BLAST search, and haplotype network analysis of the nucITS rDNA sequences. The discussion on the morphology and secondary chemistry of all three species is provided with notes on their distribution and similar taxa. Parmelia encryptata is a rarely reported cryptic species that is morphologically indistinguishable from P. sulcata, and its identification requires molecular data. New localities of P. encryptata from northern Poland suggest that the taxon may be widespread in the country and not confined to large forests but also present in open areas on free-standing trees. Moreover, a new nucITS rDNA haplotype of the species is reported. Parmelia ernstiae is a near-cryptic species, morphologically and chemically very similar to P. saxatilis and P. serrana. Two specimens of the species from Madeira have sublinear lobes with marginal and laminal isidia, unlike most specimens of P. ernstiae, having short, broad lobes with laminal isidia, and thus are morphologically closer to P. saxatilis in lobe shape and to P. serrana in placement of isidia. However, the BLAST search and haplotype analysis of nucITS rDNA sequences placed these specimens in P. ernstiae. Parmelia sulcata, a common species in the Northern Hemisphere, is rare elsewhere, and only two records confirmed by molecular data were known from South America. The nucITS rDNA haplotype of two new and two previous records of the species represent the most common haplotype of the species known from the Northern Hemisphere.
本文首次记录了马德拉岛的 Parmelia ernstiae，以及波兰的 P. encryptata 和智利的 P. sulcata 的新产地。所有记录均通过分子数据、BLAST 搜索和 nucITS rDNA 序列的单倍型网络分析得到证实。对这三个物种的形态和次生化学成分进行了讨论，并对其分布和相似类群进行了说明。Parmelia encryptata 是一个很少报道的隐蔽种，在形态上与 P. sulcata 没有区别，其鉴定需要分子数据。波兰北部新发现的 P. encryptata 表明，该分类群可能在波兰分布广泛，并不局限于大型森林，也存在于空旷地区的独立树上。此外，还报告了该物种新的 nucITS rDNA 单倍型。Parmelia ernstiae 是一种近隐性物种，形态和化学性质与 P. saxatilis 和 P. serrana 非常相似。与 P. ernstiae 的大多数标本不同，该物种的两个标本具有近线形的裂片，裂片边缘有等裂片，而 P. ernstiae 的大多数标本具有短而宽的裂片，裂片边缘有等裂片，因此在裂片形状上更接近 P. saxatilis，在等裂片的位置上更接近 P. serrana。然而，对 nucITS rDNA 序列的 BLAST 搜索和单倍型分析将这些标本归入 P. ernstiae。Parmelia sulcata 是北半球的常见物种，但在其他地区却很罕见，南美洲仅有两个经分子数据证实的记录。两个新记录和之前两个记录中的 nucITS rDNA 单倍型代表了北半球已知物种中最常见的单倍型。
{"title":"Contribution to the knowledge of the distribution of Parmelia species (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) – New records confirmed by molecular data","authors":"E. Ossowska, U. Schiefelbein, R. Szymczyk, M. Kukwa","doi":"10.5586/am/175356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/am/175356","url":null,"abstract":"The first records of Parmelia ernstiae from Madeira, as well as the new localities of P. encryptata from Poland and P. sulcata from Chile, are presented. All records are confirmed by molecular data, BLAST search, and haplotype network analysis of the nucITS rDNA sequences. The discussion on the morphology and secondary chemistry of all three species is provided with notes on their distribution and similar taxa. Parmelia encryptata is a rarely reported cryptic species that is morphologically indistinguishable from P. sulcata, and its identification requires molecular data. New localities of P. encryptata from northern Poland suggest that the taxon may be widespread in the country and not confined to large forests but also present in open areas on free-standing trees. Moreover, a new nucITS rDNA haplotype of the species is reported. Parmelia ernstiae is a near-cryptic species, morphologically and chemically very similar to P. saxatilis and P. serrana. Two specimens of the species from Madeira have sublinear lobes with marginal and laminal isidia, unlike most specimens of P. ernstiae, having short, broad lobes with laminal isidia, and thus are morphologically closer to P. saxatilis in lobe shape and to P. serrana in placement of isidia. However, the BLAST search and haplotype analysis of nucITS rDNA sequences placed these specimens in P. ernstiae. Parmelia sulcata, a common species in the Northern Hemisphere, is rare elsewhere, and only two records confirmed by molecular data were known from South America. The nucITS rDNA haplotype of two new and two previous records of the species represent the most common haplotype of the species known from the Northern Hemisphere.","PeriodicalId":37880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mycologica","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139149392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Baturo-Cieśniewska, Katarzyna Patejuk, Agata Kaczmarek-Pieńczewska, Marta Jurga-Zotow
Small balsam (Impatiens parviflora DC.), an invasive plant native to central Asia, is currently one of the most extensive invasive plants in Central Europe, including Poland. Its expansion may affect populations of native species, such as touch-me-not balsam (Impatiens noli-tangere). It is particularly dangerous in legally protected areas, where the possibilities of eradicating it are very limited. There is some hope for stopping its expansion by using pathogens as a biological weapon. In this case, useful may be host-specific rust fungus Puccinia komarovii var. komarovii. Our three-year observations of I. parviflora infection severity by P. komarovii var. komarovii carried out in Poland in Drawa National Park (DNP) and Wigry National Park (WNP) showed the higher incidence of rust on leaves in DNP, where the median blade infestation for two years was 51% of leaf coverage. In contrast, for three years in WNP, the median blade infestation amounted to only 25%. The most severe symptoms occurred during the summer months. However the percentage of leaf coverage by pathogen exhibited fluctuations depending on the year, implying an influence of environmental conditions that stabilized the infection each season. Molecular analyses, in addition to confirming the infection of the tested plants by P. komarovii var. komarovii, enabled the characterization of its population based on comparative analysis of ITS and LSU sequences. Clear differences were found between the studied isolates and P. komarovii from I. glanduliferae and I. brachycentra. There was no diversity among our isolates, but they differed from the sequences of Polish isolates originating from I. parviflora available in GenBank, which indicates some diversity of rust in a relatively small area. It probably results from sexual reproduction and may enable rapid adaptation of the pathogen to the region or host plant, or it may indicate certain “entry points” to Poland, where the isolates arrived from their native place of occurrence.
小苦艾（Impatiens parviflora DC.）是一种原产于中亚的入侵植物，目前是包括波兰在内的中欧地区最广泛的入侵植物之一。它的扩张可能会影响本地物种的数量，例如无患子（Impatiens noli-tangere）。它在受法律保护的地区尤其危险，因为在这些地区根除它的可能性非常有限。利用病原体作为生物武器来阻止其蔓延还是有一定希望的。在这种情况下，寄主特异性锈菌 Puccinia komarovii var.我们在波兰的杜拉国家公园（DNP）和威格利国家公园（WNP）对 I. parviflora 受 P. komarovii var. komarovii 感染的严重程度进行了为期三年的观察，结果表明 DNP 的叶片锈病发生率较高，两年的叶片侵染中位数为叶片覆盖率的 51%。相比之下，在 WNP 的三年中，叶片受侵染的中位数仅为 25%。最严重的症状发生在夏季。不过，病原体的叶片覆盖率随年份而波动，这意味着环境条件的影响稳定了每个季节的感染情况。分子分析除了证实受测植物感染了 P. komarovii var. komarovii 外，还能根据 ITS 和 LSU 序列的比较分析确定其种群特征。所研究的分离株与来自 I. glanduliferae 和 I. brachycentra 的 P. komarovii 之间存在明显差异。我们的分离物之间没有多样性，但它们与 GenBank 中来自 I. parviflora 的波兰分离物序列不同，这表明锈病在相对较小的地区具有一定的多样性。这可能是有性繁殖的结果，可能使病原体迅速适应该地区或寄主植物，也可能表明波兰的某些 "入境点"，即分离物从其原产地到达波兰的地方。
{"title":"Variability of Puccinia komarovii var. komarovii isolates from Impatiens parviflora DC. and its occurrence in the Drawa and Wigry National Parks in Poland","authors":"A. Baturo-Cieśniewska, Katarzyna Patejuk, Agata Kaczmarek-Pieńczewska, Marta Jurga-Zotow","doi":"10.5586/am/174570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/am/174570","url":null,"abstract":"Small balsam (Impatiens parviflora DC.), an invasive plant native to central Asia, is currently one of the most extensive invasive plants in Central Europe, including Poland. Its expansion may affect populations of native species, such as touch-me-not balsam (Impatiens noli-tangere). It is particularly dangerous in legally protected areas, where the possibilities of eradicating it are very limited. There is some hope for stopping its expansion by using pathogens as a biological weapon. In this case, useful may be host-specific rust fungus Puccinia komarovii var. komarovii. \u0000Our three-year observations of I. parviflora infection severity by P. komarovii var. komarovii carried out in Poland in Drawa National Park (DNP) and Wigry National Park (WNP) showed the higher incidence of rust on leaves in DNP, where the median blade infestation for two years was 51% of leaf coverage. In contrast, for three years in WNP, the median blade infestation amounted to only 25%. The most severe symptoms occurred during the summer months. However the percentage of leaf coverage by pathogen exhibited fluctuations depending on the year, implying an influence of environmental conditions that stabilized the infection each season. \u0000Molecular analyses, in addition to confirming the infection of the tested plants by P. komarovii var. komarovii, enabled the characterization of its population based on comparative analysis of ITS and LSU sequences. Clear differences were found between the studied isolates and P. komarovii from I. glanduliferae and I. brachycentra. \u0000There was no diversity among our isolates, but they differed from the sequences of Polish isolates originating from I. parviflora available in GenBank, which indicates some diversity of rust in a relatively small area. It probably results from sexual reproduction and may enable rapid adaptation of the pathogen to the region or host plant, or it may indicate certain “entry points” to Poland, where the isolates arrived from their native place of occurrence.","PeriodicalId":37880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mycologica","volume":"46 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138974805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Urszula Świderska, R. Rozwałka, Agata Wołczańska †
Puccinia scirpi causing the flowering rust disease on Nymphoides peltata and Schoenoplectus lacustris was recorded in 2018 from Bolestraszyce Arboretum near Przemyśl (Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland). The occurrence of theheteroecious rust species in the aecial (stage I), uredinial (stage II), and telial (stage III) stages are reported, and morphological descriptions, illustrations, and microphotographs are shown in the current study. Tis is the second report on the fungus in the aecial stage since the end of the 19th century, the first report on the uredinial stage, and the ninth description of the telial stage in Poland.
{"title":"Puccinia scirpi – first finding of the fungus in the uredinial stage and new notes of the aecial and telial stages in Poland","authors":"Urszula Świderska, R. Rozwałka, Agata Wołczańska †","doi":"10.5586/am/174414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/am/174414","url":null,"abstract":"Puccinia scirpi causing the flowering rust disease on Nymphoides peltata and Schoenoplectus lacustris was recorded in 2018 from Bolestraszyce Arboretum near Przemyśl (Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland). The occurrence of theheteroecious rust species in the aecial (stage I), uredinial (stage II), and telial (stage III) stages are reported, and morphological descriptions, illustrations, and microphotographs are shown in the current study. Tis is the second report on the fungus in the aecial stage since the end of the 19th century, the first report on the uredinial stage, and the ninth description of the telial stage in Poland.","PeriodicalId":37880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mycologica","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139243659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study aimed at the identification of micromycetes found on the leaves of highbush blueberries Vaccinium corymbosum. The study yielded 23 fungal species (261 colonies) isolated from living and fallen leaves with symptoms of disease (necrosis and spots). The dominant species were Pestalotiopsis sydowiana, Alternaria alternata, Epicoccum nigrum, Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum, Pestalotia spp., Penicillium expansum, P. jensenii, Mortierella spp., Truncatella spp., and Dichotomopilus spp.
{"title":"Micromycetes on highbush blueberry <i>Vaccinium corymbosum</i> L. leaves","authors":"Joanna Kwiatkowska","doi":"10.5586/am/172752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/am/172752","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed at the identification of micromycetes found on the leaves of highbush blueberries <i>Vaccinium corymbosum</i>. The study yielded 23 fungal species (261 colonies) isolated from living and fallen leaves with symptoms of disease (necrosis and spots). The dominant species were <i>Pestalotiopsis sydowiana</i>, <i>Alternaria alternata</i>, <i>Epicoccum nigrum</i>, <i>Trichoderma viride</i>, <i>T. harzianum</i>, <i>Pestalotia</i> spp., <i>Penicillium expansum</i>, <i>P. jensenii</i>, <i>Mortierella</i> spp., <i>Truncatella</i> spp., and <i>Dichotomopilus</i> spp.","PeriodicalId":37880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mycologica","volume":"201 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135739016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bożenna Czarnecka, Agata Wołczańska †, Zbigniew Cierech
Among the biotic factors that limit plant growth, population size, and reproduction, there is a mass appearance of microscopic parasitic fungi. The aim of the study was to determine the spectrum of the microfungi and the degree of leaf surface infection in the ragwort Senecio umbrosus, i.e., one of the Polish red data book species. In 2014–2016, studies on the diversity and dynamics of microfungi were carried out within its population on White Mt, southeastern Poland, where it grows in xerothermic habitats. During three seasons (6 collection series between May and October), 15 microfungal species were identified in total (1–9 species per one collection date, 9 species in each season). Only Coleosporium tussilaginis was present in all study dates, and it accounted for 30–100% of all records of the microfungi. Three hyperparasites were also identified on C. tussilaginis: Cladosporium uredinicola, Ramularia coleosporii, and Alternaria sp. The other taxa were found five (Boeremia exigua, Leptosphaeria ogilviensis), four (Alternaria sp.), or three times (Ascochyta compositarum, Periconia cookei), but the majority of the microfungi were noted twice or only once, depending on meteorological conditions in a given growing season. Among common species of microfungi, we collected Ascochyta compositarum, which is a new species for Poland. Additionally, we found new fungus/host plant combinations for C. tussilaginis.
{"title":"Microfungi in the phyllosphere of <i>Senecio umbrosus</i> Waldst. et Kit., a host species with a narrow ecological niche","authors":"Bożenna Czarnecka, Agata Wołczańska †, Zbigniew Cierech","doi":"10.5586/am/171842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/am/171842","url":null,"abstract":"Among the biotic factors that limit plant growth, population size, and reproduction, there is a mass appearance of microscopic parasitic fungi. The aim of the study was to determine the spectrum of the microfungi and the degree of leaf surface infection in the ragwort <i>Senecio umbrosus</i>, i.e., one of the Polish red data book species. In 2014–2016, studies on the diversity and dynamics of microfungi were carried out within its population on White Mt, southeastern Poland, where it grows in xerothermic habitats. During three seasons (6 collection series between May and October), 15 microfungal species were identified in total (1–9 species per one collection date, 9 species in each season). Only <i>Coleosporium tussilaginis</i> was present in all study dates, and it accounted for 30–100% of all records of the microfungi. Three hyperparasites were also identified on <i>C. tussilaginis</i>: <i>Cladosporium uredinicola, Ramularia coleosporii</i>, and <i>Alternaria</i> sp. The other taxa were found five (<i>Boeremia exigua, Leptosphaeria ogilviensis</i>), four (<i>Alternaria</i> sp.), or three times (<i>Ascochyta compositarum, Periconia cookei</i>), but the majority of the microfungi were noted twice or only once, depending on meteorological conditions in a given growing season. Among common species of microfungi, we collected <i>Ascochyta compositarum</i>, which is a new species for Poland. Additionally, we found new fungus/host plant combinations for <i>C. tussilaginis</i>.","PeriodicalId":37880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mycologica","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136152315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marlena Baranowska, Wojciech Pusz, Robert Korzeniewicz
Although alien tree species have been studied for many years, it is still unclear why some of them become invasive. The establishment of mycorrhizae is considered a factor influencing invasion success. This study aimed to compare the frequency of mycorrhizae in the roots of the foreign and invasive black cherry and the native common cherry, which are related. The frequency of ectomycorrhizae was assumed to be higher in common cherry (Prunus padus) than in black cherry (Prunus serotina). Thirty 2–3-year-old trees (15 P. serotina and 15 P. padus) were collected from stands where they grew next to each other. Samples were collected in June 2022 from the Forest Experimental Station of Siemianice, Złotówek, and Mrowino. The presence of mycorrhizal fungi was assessed. Morphotypes of ectomycorrhizae were determined with a stereoscopic microscope. The average mycorrhizal frequency was calculated. The roots were scanned and determined with the WinRhizo image analysis system. The length, surface area, diameter, volume, and number of root tips were determined. Statistical analysis of the obtained results was performed with Statistica v.13. The laboratory analyses indicated the dominance of morphotype 3 in all the examined roots of common cherry and black cherry. The highest proportion of type 3 mycorrhizae was found in common cherry at each location. This study showed that black cherry can form ectomycorrhizal associations, which probably positively influenced the success of its invasion.
{"title":"Frequency of ectomycorrhiza in black cherry (<i>Prunus serotina</i> Ehrh.) and common cherry (<i>Prunus padus</i> L.) growing in the immediate vicinity","authors":"Marlena Baranowska, Wojciech Pusz, Robert Korzeniewicz","doi":"10.5586/am/170738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/am/170738","url":null,"abstract":"Although alien tree species have been studied for many years, it is still unclear why some of them become invasive. The establishment of mycorrhizae is considered a factor influencing invasion success. This study aimed to compare the frequency of mycorrhizae in the roots of the foreign and invasive black cherry and the native common cherry, which are related. The frequency of ectomycorrhizae was assumed to be higher in common cherry (<i>Prunus padus</i>) than in black cherry (<i>Prunus serotina</i>). Thirty 2–3-year-old trees (15 <i>P. serotina</i> and 15 <i>P. padus</i>) were collected from stands where they grew next to each other. Samples were collected in June 2022 from the Forest Experimental Station of Siemianice, Złotówek, and Mrowino. The presence of mycorrhizal fungi was assessed. Morphotypes of ectomycorrhizae were determined with a stereoscopic microscope. The average mycorrhizal frequency was calculated. The roots were scanned and determined with the WinRhizo image analysis system. The length, surface area, diameter, volume, and number of root tips were determined. Statistical analysis of the obtained results was performed with Statistica v.13. The laboratory analyses indicated the dominance of morphotype 3 in all the examined roots of common cherry and black cherry. The highest proportion of type 3 mycorrhizae was found in common cherry at each location. This study showed that black cherry can form ectomycorrhizal associations, which probably positively influenced the success of its invasion.","PeriodicalId":37880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mycologica","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135826980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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