Abstract The objective of this study is to present a numerical modeling of mixed-mode fracture in isotropic functionally graded materials (FGMs), under mechanical and thermal loading conditions. In this paper, a modified displacement extrapolation technique (DET) was proposed to calculate the stress intensity factor (SIFs) for isotropic FGMs. Using the Ansys Parametric Design Language APDL, the continuous variations of the material properties are incorporated by specified parameters at the centroid of each element. Three numerical examples are presented to evaluate the accuracy of SIFs calculated by the proposed method. Comparisons have been made between the SIFs predicted by the DET and the available reference solutions in the current literature. A good agreement is obtained between the results of the DET and the reference solutions.
{"title":"Computation of SIFs for cracked FGMs under mechanical and thermal loadings","authors":"Y. Ait Ferhat, Abdelkeder Boulenouar","doi":"10.2478/amtm-2020-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/amtm-2020-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this study is to present a numerical modeling of mixed-mode fracture in isotropic functionally graded materials (FGMs), under mechanical and thermal loading conditions. In this paper, a modified displacement extrapolation technique (DET) was proposed to calculate the stress intensity factor (SIFs) for isotropic FGMs. Using the Ansys Parametric Design Language APDL, the continuous variations of the material properties are incorporated by specified parameters at the centroid of each element. Three numerical examples are presented to evaluate the accuracy of SIFs calculated by the proposed method. Comparisons have been made between the SIFs predicted by the DET and the available reference solutions in the current literature. A good agreement is obtained between the results of the DET and the reference solutions.","PeriodicalId":379471,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Mechanical Technology and Materials","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132768008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Aluminum alloy is a very useful material in light manufacturing. Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid state assembly process that is achievable for this material. This work aims to characterize the quality of the weld joint by an operation of shaping (folding), it aims to study the rate of elastic return in this weld joint after a folding operation. In this context, the elastic return for the folding process has been modeled using experimental tests under optimal welding conditions.
{"title":"Parametric study of friction stir welding using elastic return","authors":"M. Serier, M. Berrahou, A. Chikh","doi":"10.2478/amtm-2020-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/amtm-2020-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aluminum alloy is a very useful material in light manufacturing. Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid state assembly process that is achievable for this material. This work aims to characterize the quality of the weld joint by an operation of shaping (folding), it aims to study the rate of elastic return in this weld joint after a folding operation. In this context, the elastic return for the folding process has been modeled using experimental tests under optimal welding conditions.","PeriodicalId":379471,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Mechanical Technology and Materials","volume":"475 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131901812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Michalski, M. Wieczorowski, B. Gapiński, P. Glazowski
Abstract The subject of the article is the suitability analysis of a measuring system, specifically the Zeiss MMZ T 20 30 16 coordinate-measuring machine utilizing an extended procedure. The article outlines the measurement preparation process and presents the research station as well as the procedure for determining Repeatability & Reproducibility (R&R).
{"title":"The use of Gage R&R in suitability analysis of a CMM used at FAMOT Pleszew","authors":"R. Michalski, M. Wieczorowski, B. Gapiński, P. Glazowski","doi":"10.2478/amtm-2020-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/amtm-2020-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The subject of the article is the suitability analysis of a measuring system, specifically the Zeiss MMZ T 20 30 16 coordinate-measuring machine utilizing an extended procedure. The article outlines the measurement preparation process and presents the research station as well as the procedure for determining Repeatability & Reproducibility (R&R).","PeriodicalId":379471,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Mechanical Technology and Materials","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122964317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In the industrial sectors, pipelines have been used as the most economical and safe means of transporting oil and gas (Pipelines). However, the number of accidents has increased considerably as their use has increased. As a result of the operating load and the pressure used, the thickness of the tube must be increased and the mechanical characteristics improved. This approach was applied to predict the growth of crack effect in samples of two pipelines at given thicknesses and pressures. We created cracks with deferential dimensions in both API X80 steel pipelines, with an application of deferential internal pressures. For the simulations, we used the code ANSYS.
{"title":"Numerical study of a cracked pipeline under internal pressure","authors":"Khireche Abderraouf, L. Zohra","doi":"10.2478/amtm-2020-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/amtm-2020-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the industrial sectors, pipelines have been used as the most economical and safe means of transporting oil and gas (Pipelines). However, the number of accidents has increased considerably as their use has increased. As a result of the operating load and the pressure used, the thickness of the tube must be increased and the mechanical characteristics improved. This approach was applied to predict the growth of crack effect in samples of two pipelines at given thicknesses and pressures. We created cracks with deferential dimensions in both API X80 steel pipelines, with an application of deferential internal pressures. For the simulations, we used the code ANSYS.","PeriodicalId":379471,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Mechanical Technology and Materials","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132534323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In this work the structure and properties of composite rollers with surface layer made of hard alloy were studied. The rollers were made by the powder metallurgy method with sintering during pressing and the presence of a certain liquid phase during sintering (semi-liquid sintering). WC-Co and TiC-Ni-Fe materials were used as hard alloys. Iron-carbon and iron-nickel materials were used as soft base. All of the composite layers were formed in one process. The structure of base materials and border layer of these composites were studied. Investigations of thermocycling sustainability of these composite samples were carried out.
{"title":"The structure of composite rollers with iron or nickel-iron base and hard surface layer of WC or TiC based hard alloy produced by the method of hot vacuum pressing with a liquid phase","authors":"Vladislav Kaverinskiy, Z. Sukhenko","doi":"10.2478/amtm-2020-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/amtm-2020-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this work the structure and properties of composite rollers with surface layer made of hard alloy were studied. The rollers were made by the powder metallurgy method with sintering during pressing and the presence of a certain liquid phase during sintering (semi-liquid sintering). WC-Co and TiC-Ni-Fe materials were used as hard alloys. Iron-carbon and iron-nickel materials were used as soft base. All of the composite layers were formed in one process. The structure of base materials and border layer of these composites were studied. Investigations of thermocycling sustainability of these composite samples were carried out.","PeriodicalId":379471,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Mechanical Technology and Materials","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115329823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The friction stir welding process is an innovative technique for joining metals using plasticity, without presenting the fusion. It was first applied to aluminum alloys, for example copper, steel alloys, polymers and others. In this work the effects of the rotational speed, the speed of travel and the axial force of the tool were grouped in a mathematical model to quantify their influences on the weld seam. In this context and with of the experimental tests, the desired objective through this study is to describe the tensile strength of the cord resulting from this welding operation, for the qualification of this type of parts with an optimum adapted to a given application.
{"title":"Effect of FSW welding parameters on the tensile strength of aluminum alloys","authors":"M. Serier, M. Berrahou, Affaf Tabti, S. Bendaoudi","doi":"10.2478/amtm-2019-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/amtm-2019-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The friction stir welding process is an innovative technique for joining metals using plasticity, without presenting the fusion. It was first applied to aluminum alloys, for example copper, steel alloys, polymers and others. In this work the effects of the rotational speed, the speed of travel and the axial force of the tool were grouped in a mathematical model to quantify their influences on the weld seam. In this context and with of the experimental tests, the desired objective through this study is to describe the tensile strength of the cord resulting from this welding operation, for the qualification of this type of parts with an optimum adapted to a given application.","PeriodicalId":379471,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Mechanical Technology and Materials","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125823399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The nanocomposites of polyamide 6 (PA6) with halloysite nanotubes (HNT) were prepared by extrusion using co-rotating twin-screw extruder and then the standard test specimens were injected using a screw injection moulding machine. The content of HNT in the nanocomposites was 5 or 10 weight percent. The heat treatment of unmodified PA6 and nanocomposites was carried out in silicone oil in temp. 150±2°C. The samples were annealed for 3 hours and then cooled at a rate of 4 K/min. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) causes annealing to increase the crystallinity of the polyamide matrix. After an annealing treatment a nanocomposite with better mechanical properties was obtained. Halloysite nanotubes in polyamide matrix play the role of a nucleating agent.
{"title":"Influence of heat treatment on the structure and properties of polyamide 6/ halloysite nanocomposites","authors":"K. Mencel, Łukasz Kemnitz","doi":"10.2478/amtm-2019-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/amtm-2019-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The nanocomposites of polyamide 6 (PA6) with halloysite nanotubes (HNT) were prepared by extrusion using co-rotating twin-screw extruder and then the standard test specimens were injected using a screw injection moulding machine. The content of HNT in the nanocomposites was 5 or 10 weight percent. The heat treatment of unmodified PA6 and nanocomposites was carried out in silicone oil in temp. 150±2°C. The samples were annealed for 3 hours and then cooled at a rate of 4 K/min. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) causes annealing to increase the crystallinity of the polyamide matrix. After an annealing treatment a nanocomposite with better mechanical properties was obtained. Halloysite nanotubes in polyamide matrix play the role of a nucleating agent.","PeriodicalId":379471,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Mechanical Technology and Materials","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115882777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The main objective of this work is the numerical analysis of the strength and stiffness of an annular three-layer circular plate with variable mechanical properties of the core. The plates are subjected to bending. Numerical analysis of the deflection phenomenon is carried out under different support conditions of the plate. Furthermore, the influence of the material properties of the core (linear and non-linear model) on the shear stresses and deflecions is also investigated.
{"title":"Bending of an annular three-layer circular plate","authors":"K. Wiśniewska-Mleczko","doi":"10.2478/amtm-2019-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/amtm-2019-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The main objective of this work is the numerical analysis of the strength and stiffness of an annular three-layer circular plate with variable mechanical properties of the core. The plates are subjected to bending. Numerical analysis of the deflection phenomenon is carried out under different support conditions of the plate. Furthermore, the influence of the material properties of the core (linear and non-linear model) on the shear stresses and deflecions is also investigated.","PeriodicalId":379471,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Mechanical Technology and Materials","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130551877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This article presents a process of developing a computational model of a light construction vertical lathe. The model is made using the finite elements method. Due to the complexity of the machine tool and the optimization of the computation time superelements have been used in the model. The application of this method has reduced the computation time allowing the analysis of many variants of the mutual position of the machine components. The results of the analyzes led to the indication of weak links of the machine tool. After the improvement of the machine tool construction the movement of the tool tip and the workpiece was much smaller.
{"title":"Development of a computational model of a lightweight vertical lathe with the use of superelements","authors":"B. Powałka, M. Dolata","doi":"10.2478/amtm-2019-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/amtm-2019-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article presents a process of developing a computational model of a light construction vertical lathe. The model is made using the finite elements method. Due to the complexity of the machine tool and the optimization of the computation time superelements have been used in the model. The application of this method has reduced the computation time allowing the analysis of many variants of the mutual position of the machine components. The results of the analyzes led to the indication of weak links of the machine tool. After the improvement of the machine tool construction the movement of the tool tip and the workpiece was much smaller.","PeriodicalId":379471,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Mechanical Technology and Materials","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125347511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract After many years of intensive work the international experts from ISO TC 39 published the technical report called ISO TR 16907 “Machine tools – numerical compensation of geometric errors”. This document defines the terminology, presents benefits and limitations of numerical compensation of machine tools’ and measuring machines’ errors. It gives machines manufacturers and users vital information about how to use numerical compensation. In the context of those types of compensation defined in ISO TR 16907, this article shows rules of selecting models of Volumetric Error for three-axis machine tools. What is more, this paper presents some principles of reduction of these proposed models because of the functional tasks for machine tools. One of the obtained results is an array of reduced models for three-axis machine tools. This array determines the degree of detail of the model and the experimental research program that needs to be carried out in order to determine the Volumetric Error distribution.
{"title":"Simplifications of the volumetric error model because of the structural loop of machine tools","authors":"Majda Paweł, J. Jastrzębska","doi":"10.2478/amtm-2019-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/amtm-2019-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract After many years of intensive work the international experts from ISO TC 39 published the technical report called ISO TR 16907 “Machine tools – numerical compensation of geometric errors”. This document defines the terminology, presents benefits and limitations of numerical compensation of machine tools’ and measuring machines’ errors. It gives machines manufacturers and users vital information about how to use numerical compensation. In the context of those types of compensation defined in ISO TR 16907, this article shows rules of selecting models of Volumetric Error for three-axis machine tools. What is more, this paper presents some principles of reduction of these proposed models because of the functional tasks for machine tools. One of the obtained results is an array of reduced models for three-axis machine tools. This array determines the degree of detail of the model and the experimental research program that needs to be carried out in order to determine the Volumetric Error distribution.","PeriodicalId":379471,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Mechanical Technology and Materials","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122448619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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