Zbyněk Engel, K. Láska, M. Matějka, Ondrej Nedelcev
A prominent increase in air temperature during the last decade has prompted summer melting and surface lowering of glaciers in the Antarctic Peninsula region. Accelerated mass loss from small land-terminating glaciers on James Ross Island has attracted research attention to local conditions of snow and ice melt that remain poorly known. This study focuses on the potential effects of non-woven geotextile on snow and ice melt on the surface of Triangular Glacier. The measurements of surface elevation changes reveal a total melt-season ablation of 1.3 to 1.6 m during the summer 2021/22. Over half of the melt season the surface lowering ranged from 0.5 m at the shaded glacier head to 0.8 m on the glacier surface unconstrained by topography, implying the importance of local topography on surface melting. The protection of glacier surface with non-woven geotextile covers reduced the snow and ice ablation by 40 to 69%. The lower effect of this protection is attributed to less intense surface melt at the shaded site. The efficiency of the geotextile cover is consistent with the reported values from mid-latitude sites but it is higher compared to the recently reported estimates from a high-elevation region in Asia.
{"title":"Effect of geotextile cover on snow and ice melt on Triangular Glacier, the north-eastern Antarctic Peninsula","authors":"Zbyněk Engel, K. Láska, M. Matějka, Ondrej Nedelcev","doi":"10.5817/cpr2022-2-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/cpr2022-2-19","url":null,"abstract":"A prominent increase in air temperature during the last decade has prompted summer melting and surface lowering of glaciers in the Antarctic Peninsula region. Accelerated mass loss from small land-terminating glaciers on James Ross Island has attracted research attention to local conditions of snow and ice melt that remain poorly known. This study focuses on the potential effects of non-woven geotextile on snow and ice melt on the surface of Triangular Glacier. The measurements of surface elevation changes reveal a total melt-season ablation of 1.3 to 1.6 m during the summer 2021/22. Over half of the melt season the surface lowering ranged from 0.5 m at the shaded glacier head to 0.8 m on the glacier surface unconstrained by topography, implying the importance of local topography on surface melting. The protection of glacier surface with non-woven geotextile covers reduced the snow and ice ablation by 40 to 69%. The lower effect of this protection is attributed to less intense surface melt at the shaded site. The efficiency of the geotextile cover is consistent with the reported values from mid-latitude sites but it is higher compared to the recently reported estimates from a high-elevation region in Asia.","PeriodicalId":37981,"journal":{"name":"Czech Polar Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49553895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The effect of global warming on the southern polar regions necessitates careful monitoring of glacier deformations and their movements, as well as an understanding of atmospheric physics. For this purpose, the yearly movements of UNAVCO stations-South Pole Station (AMU2) (winter-summer) and other stations in the South Pole region have been observed in this paper for about a fifteen-year period (2006–2021). In addition, the area differences of the Antarctic continent due to seasonal changes (winter-summer) between 1980 and 2021 were investigated in this study. Moreover, the height values of the stations on the Antarctic continent were observed seasonally. The subglacial lakes in the Antarctic continent cause the differences in the height values as a result of the seasonal changes. A decrease in sea ice of 0.91 million km2 for the winter season and 0.55 million km2 for the summer season during a 41-year period has been determined for four sectors of the Antarctic continent. The temperature changes on the Antarctic continent in the summer and winter seasons (2005–2022) were also evaluated in this paper. Air temperature increases was apparent especially in the Antarctic Peninsula, East Antarctic and West Antarctic coasts. The Weddell Sea and the Amundsen Sea regions have had the most sea ice loss, each with 1.24 million km2. On the other hand, it can be observed that the East Antarctic sector has expanded by 0.32 million km2.
{"title":"Displacement of the South Pole from 2006 to 2021: Role of sea ice and Antarctic surface temperature","authors":"A. Pırtı, M. A. Yucel, R. G. Hoşbaş","doi":"10.5817/cpr2022-2-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/cpr2022-2-15","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of global warming on the southern polar regions necessitates careful monitoring of glacier deformations and their movements, as well as an understanding of atmospheric physics. For this purpose, the yearly movements of UNAVCO stations-South Pole Station (AMU2) (winter-summer) and other stations in the South Pole region have been observed in this paper for about a fifteen-year period (2006–2021). In addition, the area differences of the Antarctic continent due to seasonal changes (winter-summer) between 1980 and 2021 were investigated in this study. Moreover, the height values of the stations on the Antarctic continent were observed seasonally. The subglacial lakes in the Antarctic continent cause the differences in the height values as a result of the seasonal changes. A decrease in sea ice of 0.91 million km2 for the winter season and 0.55 million km2 for the summer season during a 41-year period has been determined for four sectors of the Antarctic continent. The temperature changes on the Antarctic continent in the summer and winter seasons (2005–2022) were also evaluated in this paper. Air temperature increases was apparent especially in the Antarctic Peninsula, East Antarctic and West Antarctic coasts. The Weddell Sea and the Amundsen Sea regions have had the most sea ice loss, each with 1.24 million km2. On the other hand, it can be observed that the East Antarctic sector has expanded by 0.32 million km2.","PeriodicalId":37981,"journal":{"name":"Czech Polar Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48803645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lichens can survive and cope with unsufficient water supply resulting in low intrathalline relative water content. Under such conditions, photosynthesis is negatively affected by different degree of dehydration. In our study, fully hydrated samples of Xanthoria elegans, Umbilicaria decussata and Usnea aurantiaco-atra were light-acclimated and during following desiccation from a fully hydrated to dry state, steady-state chlorophyll fluorescence (FS), effective quantum yield of photochemical processes in PSII (ФPSII), and nonphotochemical quenching (qN) were measured in response to decreasing relative water content (RWC). The three experimental lichen species showed a high desiccation tolerance. The desiccation-induced decrease in ФPSII was found in X. elegans, U. decussata and U. aurantiaco-atra, at the RWC values below 30%. This is well comparable to the evidence reached in other Arctic / Antarctic lichen species. Interspecific differences in desiccation tolerance of these selected Antarctic lichens, based on the analysis of photosystem II effectivity and quenching mechanisms, were described and discussed.
{"title":"Interspecific differences in desiccation tolerance of selected Antarctic lichens: Analysis of photosystem II effectivity and quenching mechanisms","authors":"A. Puhovkin, Oleksandra Bezsmertna, I. Parnikoza","doi":"10.5817/cpr2022-1-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/cpr2022-1-3","url":null,"abstract":"Lichens can survive and cope with unsufficient water supply resulting in low intrathalline relative water content. Under such conditions, photosynthesis is negatively affected by different degree of dehydration. In our study, fully hydrated samples of Xanthoria elegans, Umbilicaria decussata and Usnea aurantiaco-atra were light-acclimated and during following desiccation from a fully hydrated to dry state, steady-state chlorophyll fluorescence (FS), effective quantum yield of photochemical processes in PSII (ФPSII), and nonphotochemical quenching (qN) were measured in response to decreasing relative water content (RWC). The three experimental lichen species showed a high desiccation tolerance. The desiccation-induced decrease in ФPSII was found in X. elegans, U. decussata and U. aurantiaco-atra, at the RWC values below 30%. This is well comparable to the evidence reached in other Arctic / Antarctic lichen species. Interspecific differences in desiccation tolerance of these selected Antarctic lichens, based on the analysis of photosystem II effectivity and quenching mechanisms, were described and discussed.","PeriodicalId":37981,"journal":{"name":"Czech Polar Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42824791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Data on new breeding sites of seabirds in Antarctica allow a better understanding of spatial species distribution, correct population estimates, and the processes occurring in populations and ecosystems. The aim of the work is to compile and analyze knowledge about the spatial distribution of breeding seabird populations and attempts to breed in new, previously uninhabited territories. Ground-based observations and population counts were conducted at the Haswell archipelago (Queen Mary Land, Davis Sea) by several observers from 1912 to 2016. The total area studied was 12 km². An aerial census of penguins on Adams Island was conducted in 2011. Based on this census, it might be stated that 6 out of 9 breeding species of seabirds have made attempts to develop new breeding sites. Regular breeding of birds within the archipelago is established on 8 islands. Emperor Penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri), Snow Petrels (Pagodroma nivea) and South Polar Skuas (Stercorarius maccormicki) showed no change in spatial distribution. Adélie Penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae), Southern Fulmars (Fulmarus glacialoides), Cape Petrels (Daption capense) and mixed pairs of Brown Skua (Stercorarius antarcticus) × South Polar Skua bred in new sites (6 islands and 1 nunatak). New likely breeding sites have been recorded for the Southern Fulmar, Cape Petrel and Wilson's Storm Petrel (Oceanites oceanicus). An unsuccessful breeding attempt in a previously uninhabited territory has been observed in the Antarctic Petrel (Thalassoica antarctica). New breeding sites for seabirds may result from the avoidance of predation by South Polar Skuas. Changes in local meteorological conditions could be a factor contributing to the breeding attempts by seabirds in the territories previously uninhabited by them. The increase in South Polar Skuas populations, invasion of Brown Skuas on the Haswell Islands, increased breeding attempts and occupation of new breeding sites by Adélie Penguins and tube-nosed seabirds in the early 21st century are evidence of changes in ecological conditions in the local ecosystem.
{"title":"Analysis of the attempts to breed seabirds in uninhabited territories of the Haswell archipelago and Adams Island (East Antarctica)","authors":"S. Golubev","doi":"10.5817/cpr2022-1-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/cpr2022-1-4","url":null,"abstract":"Data on new breeding sites of seabirds in Antarctica allow a better understanding of spatial species distribution, correct population estimates, and the processes occurring in populations and ecosystems. The aim of the work is to compile and analyze knowledge about the spatial distribution of breeding seabird populations and attempts to breed in new, previously uninhabited territories. Ground-based observations and population counts were conducted at the Haswell archipelago (Queen Mary Land, Davis Sea) by several observers from 1912 to 2016. The total area studied was 12 km². An aerial census of penguins on Adams Island was conducted in 2011. Based on this census, it might be stated that 6 out of 9 breeding species of seabirds have made attempts to develop new breeding sites. Regular breeding of birds within the archipelago is established on 8 islands. Emperor Penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri), Snow Petrels (Pagodroma nivea) and South Polar Skuas (Stercorarius maccormicki) showed no change in spatial distribution. Adélie Penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae), Southern Fulmars (Fulmarus glacialoides), Cape Petrels (Daption capense) and mixed pairs of Brown Skua (Stercorarius antarcticus) × South Polar Skua bred in new sites (6 islands and 1 nunatak). New likely breeding sites have been recorded for the Southern Fulmar, Cape Petrel and Wilson's Storm Petrel (Oceanites oceanicus). An unsuccessful breeding attempt in a previously uninhabited territory has been observed in the Antarctic Petrel (Thalassoica antarctica). New breeding sites for seabirds may result from the avoidance of predation by South Polar Skuas. Changes in local meteorological conditions could be a factor contributing to the breeding attempts by seabirds in the territories previously uninhabited by them. The increase in South Polar Skuas populations, invasion of Brown Skuas on the Haswell Islands, increased breeding attempts and occupation of new breeding sites by Adélie Penguins and tube-nosed seabirds in the early 21st century are evidence of changes in ecological conditions in the local ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":37981,"journal":{"name":"Czech Polar Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42654909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The output of the various Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model configurations was compared with ground-based observations in the northern part of James Ross Island, Antarctic Peninsula. In this region, a network of automatic weather stations deployed at ice-free sites (as well as small glaciers) is operated by the Czech Antarctic Research Programme. Data from these stations provide a unique opportunity to evaluate the WRF model in a complex terrain of James Ross Island. The model was forced by the ERA5 reanalysis data and the University of Bremen sea ice data. The model configurations include a novel Three-Dimensional Scale-Adaptive Turbulent Kinetic Energy (3D TKE) planetary boundary layer scheme and a more traditional Quasi-Normal Scale Elimination (QNSE) scheme. Impact of model horizontal resolution was evaluated by running simulations in both 700 m and 300 m. The validation period, 25 May 2019 to 12 June 2019, was selected to cover different stratification regimes of air temperature and a significant snowfall event. Air temperature was simulated well except for strong low-level inversions. These inversions occurred in 44% of all cases and contributed to a higher mean bias (2.0–2.9°C) at low-elevation sites than at high altitude sites (0.2–0.6°C). The selection of the 3D TKE scheme led to improvement at low-elevation sites; at high altitude sites, the differences between model configurations were rather small. The best performance in wind speed simulation was achieved with the combination of the 3D TKE scheme and 300 m model resolution. The most important improvement was decrease of bias at a coastal Mendel Station from 3.5 m·s‑1 with the QNSE scheme on the 700 m grid to 1.2 m·s‑1 with the 3D TKE scheme on the 300 m grid. The WRF model was also proven to simulate a large snowfall event with a good correspondence with the observed snow height.
{"title":"Impact of the selected boundary layer schemes and enhanced horizontal resolution on the Weather Research and Forecasting model performance on James Ross Island, Antarctic Peninsula","authors":"M. Matějka, K. Láska","doi":"10.5817/cpr2022-1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/cpr2022-1-2","url":null,"abstract":"The output of the various Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model configurations was compared with ground-based observations in the northern part of James Ross Island, Antarctic Peninsula. In this region, a network of automatic weather stations deployed at ice-free sites (as well as small glaciers) is operated by the Czech Antarctic Research Programme. Data from these stations provide a unique opportunity to evaluate the WRF model in a complex terrain of James Ross Island. The model was forced by the ERA5 reanalysis data and the University of Bremen sea ice data. The model configurations include a novel Three-Dimensional Scale-Adaptive Turbulent Kinetic Energy (3D TKE) planetary boundary layer scheme and a more traditional Quasi-Normal Scale Elimination (QNSE) scheme. Impact of model horizontal resolution was evaluated by running simulations in both 700 m and 300 m. The validation period, 25 May 2019 to 12 June 2019, was selected to cover different stratification regimes of air temperature and a significant snowfall event. Air temperature was simulated well except for strong low-level inversions. These inversions occurred in 44% of all cases and contributed to a higher mean bias (2.0–2.9°C) at low-elevation sites than at high altitude sites (0.2–0.6°C). The selection of the 3D TKE scheme led to improvement at low-elevation sites; at high altitude sites, the differences between model configurations were rather small. The best performance in wind speed simulation was achieved with the combination of the 3D TKE scheme and 300 m model resolution. The most important improvement was decrease of bias at a coastal Mendel Station from 3.5 m·s‑1 with the QNSE scheme on the 700 m grid to 1.2 m·s‑1 with the 3D TKE scheme on the 300 m grid. The WRF model was also proven to simulate a large snowfall event with a good correspondence with the observed snow height.","PeriodicalId":37981,"journal":{"name":"Czech Polar Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48312619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diana Darriba Canora, Laura Llorens i Guasch, Rebeca Sicilia Zuazo
We studied the changes in PSII photochemical processes in the cells of Antarctic algae Klebsormidium sp. and Stigeoclonium sp. exposed to salinity stress (0 – 3M NaCl) for 3 h. Salinity stress induced a decrease in the potential (FV/FM) and effective quantum yield of PSII electron transport (FPSII). Salinity stress induced a decrease in vitality index (Rfd, relative decrease of chlorophyll fluorescence). Analyses of the polyphasic fast chlorophyll fluorescence transients (OJIP) showed that with the increase in salt concentration, the chlorophyll fluorescence signals recorded at the phases J, I, and P declined, and the transient flattened with increaseing NaCl concentration reaching close to zero ChlF values at salt concentration of 3 M NaCl after 180 min. exposition. Klebsormidium sp. was found more salinity stress resistant than Stigeoclonium sp.
我们研究了暴露于盐度胁迫（0–3M NaCl）3小时的南极藻类Klebsormium sp.和Stigeoclonium sp.细胞中PSII光化学过程的变化。盐度胁迫导致PSII电子传输（FPSII）的电势（FV/FM）和有效量子产率降低。盐度胁迫导致活力指数（Rfd，叶绿素荧光的相对降低）降低。对多相快速叶绿素荧光瞬态（OJIP）的分析表明，随着盐浓度的增加，在J、I和P相记录的叶绿素荧光信号下降，并且瞬态随着NaCl浓度的增加而变平，在3 M NaCl的盐浓度下暴露180分钟后，达到接近零的ChlF值。Klebsormium sp.比Stigeoclonium sp.更耐盐胁迫。
{"title":"Species-specific responses of Antarctic terrestrial microalgae to salinity stress. Comparative study in Klebsormidium sp. and Stigeoclonium sp.","authors":"Diana Darriba Canora, Laura Llorens i Guasch, Rebeca Sicilia Zuazo","doi":"10.5817/cpr2022-1-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/cpr2022-1-7","url":null,"abstract":"We studied the changes in PSII photochemical processes in the cells of Antarctic algae Klebsormidium sp. and Stigeoclonium sp. exposed to salinity stress (0 – 3M NaCl) for 3 h. Salinity stress induced a decrease in the potential (FV/FM) and effective quantum yield of PSII electron transport (FPSII). Salinity stress induced a decrease in vitality index (Rfd, relative decrease of chlorophyll fluorescence). Analyses of the polyphasic fast chlorophyll fluorescence transients (OJIP) showed that with the increase in salt concentration, the chlorophyll fluorescence signals recorded at the phases J, I, and P declined, and the transient flattened with increaseing NaCl concentration reaching close to zero ChlF values at salt concentration of 3 M NaCl after 180 min. exposition. Klebsormidium sp. was found more salinity stress resistant than Stigeoclonium sp.","PeriodicalId":37981,"journal":{"name":"Czech Polar Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45908877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper deals with new records of both unintentionally introduced (Bromus japonicus, Cichorium intybus, Iva xanthiifolia, Onobrychis viciifolia) and escaped (Hylotelephium telephium) vascular plant species that are rare in the Russian Arctic. Three of them (B. japonicus, H. telephium, and O. viciifolia) are novel for the alien flora of the city of Murmansk. The data were obtained by the author during fieldwork in Murmansk municipal region in 2018. Geographical coordinates, a description of the location, habitats, quantity characteristic, vegetative stage of the species are listed for every occurrence. The information about general distribution, life form characteristics, the primary origin of the species is compiled as well. Proposal pathways of the introduction of the reported aliens are established. Regarding the invasion status, all presented aliens are considered to be casual.
{"title":"New records of alien plant species rare in the Russian Arctic (Murmansk region, NW Russia)","authors":"О. Rudkovskaya","doi":"10.5817/cpr2022-1-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/cpr2022-1-9","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with new records of both unintentionally introduced (Bromus japonicus, Cichorium intybus, Iva xanthiifolia, Onobrychis viciifolia) and escaped (Hylotelephium telephium) vascular plant species that are rare in the Russian Arctic. Three of them (B. japonicus, H. telephium, and O. viciifolia) are novel for the alien flora of the city of Murmansk. The data were obtained by the author during fieldwork in Murmansk municipal region in 2018. Geographical coordinates, a description of the location, habitats, quantity characteristic, vegetative stage of the species are listed for every occurrence. The information about general distribution, life form characteristics, the primary origin of the species is compiled as well. Proposal pathways of the introduction of the reported aliens are established. Regarding the invasion status, all presented aliens are considered to be casual.","PeriodicalId":37981,"journal":{"name":"Czech Polar Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46930451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Kovalenko, S. Serga, D. Einor, V. Gorobchyshyn, V. Trokhymets, O. Protsenko, I. Kozeretska
Belgica antarctica is one of the two native chironomid species of the Antarctic Peninsula. In this species, adult males and females are considerably different, yet the question of larval sex differences in morphometric parameters remains unanswered. In this paper, we analyze five morphometric parameters: head capsule length, head capsule width, mandible width, mandible length, mentum length of 140 fourth-instar larvae of B. antarctica from seven study plots in the south of Petermann Island, Wilhelm Archipelago, Antarctic Peninsula. To infer possible sexual dimorphism, we use the methods of unsupervised analysis (PCA and hierarchical clusterization). Our results suggest that the selected morphometric features of width and length are highly intercorrelated and cannot differentiate sex in the sampled larvae of B. antarctica.
{"title":"Unsupervised learning for detection of possible sexual dimorphism in larvae of Belgica antarctica Jacobs (Diptera, Chironomidae)","authors":"P. Kovalenko, S. Serga, D. Einor, V. Gorobchyshyn, V. Trokhymets, O. Protsenko, I. Kozeretska","doi":"10.5817/cpr2022-1-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/cpr2022-1-1","url":null,"abstract":"Belgica antarctica is one of the two native chironomid species of the Antarctic Peninsula. In this species, adult males and females are considerably different, yet the question of larval sex differences in morphometric parameters remains unanswered. In this paper, we analyze five morphometric parameters: head capsule length, head capsule width, mandible width, mandible length, mentum length of 140 fourth-instar larvae of B. antarctica from seven study plots in the south of Petermann Island, Wilhelm Archipelago, Antarctic Peninsula. To infer possible sexual dimorphism, we use the methods of unsupervised analysis (PCA and hierarchical clusterization). Our results suggest that the selected morphometric features of width and length are highly intercorrelated and cannot differentiate sex in the sampled larvae of B. antarctica.","PeriodicalId":37981,"journal":{"name":"Czech Polar Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41702291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Forty-four new lichen species and one lichenicolous fungus have been identified as a result of studies of the lichen biota of the Franz Josef Land archipelago. Bryocaulon hyperboreum was reported for the first time from Russia. Gyalecta hypoleuca and Umbilicaria maculata were first identified in the Arctic. Arctocetraria andrejevii, Brodoa oroarctica, Candelariella borealis, Cercidospora stereocaulorum, Massalongia carnosa, Miriquidica nigroleprosa, M. plumbeoatra, Myriolecis zosterae var. palanderi and Polyblastia gothica are new to the Arkhangelsk Region; and Arthrorhaphis citrinella, Mycoblastus alpinus, Racodium rupestre, Rhizocarpon ferax, Scytinium intermedium, Stereocaulon glareosum are new to the Arctic part of the Arkhangelsk Region. Species new to Arkhangelsk Region, Arctic and Russia are supplied with information on distribution in neighboring regions and world and on differences from closely related species. The checklist of the Franz Josef Land archipelago thus includes 277 species and 6 varieties of lichenized and 43 lichenicolous fungi to date.
{"title":"Addition to the lichen biota of Franz Josef Land archipelago","authors":"S. Chesnokov, L. Konoreva, E. Davydov","doi":"10.5817/cpr2022-1-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/cpr2022-1-6","url":null,"abstract":"Forty-four new lichen species and one lichenicolous fungus have been identified as a result of studies of the lichen biota of the Franz Josef Land archipelago. Bryocaulon hyperboreum was reported for the first time from Russia. Gyalecta hypoleuca and Umbilicaria maculata were first identified in the Arctic. Arctocetraria andrejevii, Brodoa oroarctica, Candelariella borealis, Cercidospora stereocaulorum, Massalongia carnosa, Miriquidica nigroleprosa, M. plumbeoatra, Myriolecis zosterae var. palanderi and Polyblastia gothica are new to the Arkhangelsk Region; and Arthrorhaphis citrinella, Mycoblastus alpinus, Racodium rupestre, Rhizocarpon ferax, Scytinium intermedium, Stereocaulon glareosum are new to the Arctic part of the Arkhangelsk Region. Species new to Arkhangelsk Region, Arctic and Russia are supplied with information on distribution in neighboring regions and world and on differences from closely related species. The checklist of the Franz Josef Land archipelago thus includes 277 species and 6 varieties of lichenized and 43 lichenicolous fungi to date.","PeriodicalId":37981,"journal":{"name":"Czech Polar Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47674765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study brings data on monitoring of spectral refectance signatures of different components of Antarctic terrestrial vegetation by using a high-resolution multispectral images. The aim of the study was to compare several spots of a vegetation oasis by mapping vegetation cover using an UAV approach. This study provides data on vegetation distribution within a long-term research plot (LTRP) located at the northern coast of James Ross Island (Antarctica). Apart from normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), 10 spectral reflectance indices (NDVI, NDVIRed-edge, RGBVI, NGRDI, ExG, TGI MSR, MSRRed-edge, Clgreen, ClRed-edge, GLI) were evaluated for different spots representing vegetation classes dominated by different Antarctic autotrophs. The UAV application and spectral reflectance indices proved their capability to detect and map small-area vegetated patches (with the smallest area of 10 cm2) dominated by different Antarctic autotrophs, and identify their classes (moss / lichens / biological soil crusts / microbiological mats / stream bottom microbiological mats). The methods used in our study revealed sufficiently high resolution of particular vegetation-covered surfaces and the spectral indices provided important indicators for environmental characteristics of the long-term research plot at the James Ross Island, Antarctica.
{"title":"Multispectral aerial monitoring of a patchy vegetation oasis composed of different vegetation classes. UAV-based study exploiting spectral reflectance indices","authors":"P. Váczi, M. Barták","doi":"10.5817/cpr2022-1-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/cpr2022-1-10","url":null,"abstract":"The study brings data on monitoring of spectral refectance signatures of different components of Antarctic terrestrial vegetation by using a high-resolution multispectral images. The aim of the study was to compare several spots of a vegetation oasis by mapping vegetation cover using an UAV approach. This study provides data on vegetation distribution within a long-term research plot (LTRP) located at the northern coast of James Ross Island (Antarctica). Apart from normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), 10 spectral reflectance indices (NDVI, NDVIRed-edge, RGBVI, NGRDI, ExG, TGI MSR, MSRRed-edge, Clgreen, ClRed-edge, GLI) were evaluated for different spots representing vegetation classes dominated by different Antarctic autotrophs. The UAV application and spectral reflectance indices proved their capability to detect and map small-area vegetated patches (with the smallest area of 10 cm2) dominated by different Antarctic autotrophs, and identify their classes (moss / lichens / biological soil crusts / microbiological mats / stream bottom microbiological mats). The methods used in our study revealed sufficiently high resolution of particular vegetation-covered surfaces and the spectral indices provided important indicators for environmental characteristics of the long-term research plot at the James Ross Island, Antarctica.","PeriodicalId":37981,"journal":{"name":"Czech Polar Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43039847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：