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Review of Pretreatment Technology for Corn Straw Anaerobic Digestion 玉米秸秆厌氧消化预处理技术综述
Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.36347/sjet.2024.v12i03.001
Hui Han, Ruixin Zhang, Enting Wei, Ruomeng Diao, Sisi Huang, Simiao Yu, Xinhui Yu
Corn straw is mainly composed of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin, which together form a crystal structure with extremely high stability. Anaerobic fermentation is an important means of straw resource utilization. Due to the complex composition of corn straw, the hydrolysis rate during anaerobic fermentation is limited, which affects the gas production efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to pretreat corn straw. This article analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of different pretreatment methods and their applications in anaerobic digestion in order to provide optimal pathways for the pretreatment of corn straw.
玉米秸秆主要由半纤维素、纤维素和木质素组成,它们共同形成了稳定性极高的晶体结构。厌氧发酵是秸秆资源化利用的重要手段。由于玉米秸秆成分复杂,厌氧发酵过程中的水解速度有限,影响了产气效率。因此,有必要对玉米秸秆进行预处理。本文分析了不同预处理方法的优缺点及其在厌氧发酵中的应用,以期为玉米秸秆预处理提供最佳途径。
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引用次数: 0
Advances in Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Function on Plant Growth Facilitation and Their Mechanisms 促进植物生长的根瘤菌功能及其机制研究进展
Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.36347/sjet.2024.v12i03.002
Futao Zhang, Sisi Huang, Xinhui Yu, Hui Han, Xufeng Li, Changqin Bai, Yufeng Zhou, Shaojie Bi
In modern times, agriculture has been a major cause of environmental degradation due to both natural and artificial factors. However, there is a silver lining in the form of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), a beneficial microbial community present in the rhizosphere soil of plants. PGPR can adjust soil pH, reduce the burden on plants, and accelerate their growth, making it an excellent choice for sustainable agriculture. This article delves into the mechanism of how PGPR promotes plant growth and highlights its impact under different environmental conditions. The aim is to promote the use of PGPR biofertilizers, which could revolutionize the field of agriculture and pave the way for a greener future.
近代以来,由于自然和人为因素,农业一直是环境恶化的主要原因。然而,植物根瘤菌(PGPR)这种存在于植物根瘤土壤中的有益微生物群落却能带来一线希望。PGPR 可以调节土壤酸碱度,减轻植物负担,加速植物生长,是可持续农业的绝佳选择。本文深入探讨了 PGPR 如何促进植物生长的机理,并强调了它在不同环境条件下的影响。其目的是推广 PGPR 生物肥料的使用,这将彻底改变农业领域,为更绿色的未来铺平道路。
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引用次数: 0
An Empirical Study on the Effects of Disputes on Successful Completion of Construction Projects 关于争议对顺利完成建筑项目的影响的实证研究
Pub Date : 2024-02-16 DOI: 10.36347/sjet.2024.v12i02.007
Amila N. K. K. Gamage, Suresh Kumar
Disputes are common in construction projects, demanding significant attention in terms of financial resources, time, and manpower to seek resolutions. Conversely, unresolved disputes can create unfavorable effects on project performance. When project leaders recognize the major consequences of disputes, they can formulate strategies to proactively prevent or alleviate such conflicts. This heightened awareness empowers project teams to swiftly identify and resolve disputes, preventing their adverse consequences on successful project completion. The primary objective of this research is to enhance project management practices by providing insights into the effects of disputes, thereby enabling stakeholders to implement proactive strategies for prevention, mitigation, and effective resolution. Utilizing existing literature published between 2019 and 2023, this study critically analyzes 18 selected journal papers sourced from the ProQuest Central database, all of which have undergone rigorous review. This research identified nine major effects that appear due to disputes in construction projects. Further, cost overrun is identified as the major effect of disputes that can impact negatively in project performance and successful completion. This study further identified research gaps that need future studies.
争议在建筑项目中很常见,需要投入大量财力、时间和人力来寻求解决。相反,未解决的争议会对项目绩效造成不利影响。当项目负责人认识到争议的主要后果时,他们就能制定策略,积极预防或缓解此类冲突。这种意识的提高使项目团队能够迅速识别和解决争端,防止争端对项目的顺利完成造成不利影响。本研究的主要目的是通过深入了解争议的影响来加强项目管理实践,从而使利益相关者能够实施积极的预防、缓解和有效解决策略。本研究利用 2019 年至 2023 年间发表的现有文献,对从 ProQuest Central 数据库中选取的 18 篇期刊论文进行了批判性分析,所有这些论文都经过了严格审查。本研究确定了建筑项目中因纠纷而出现的九大影响。此外,成本超支被认为是争端的主要影响,会对项目绩效和顺利完工产生负面影响。本研究还进一步确定了今后需要研究的研究空白。
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引用次数: 0
The Concentration of Organic & Ammonium Pollution and their Relationship in River Water: A Case Study 河水中有机物和铵污染的浓度及其关系:案例研究
Pub Date : 2024-02-10 DOI: 10.36347/sjet.2024.v12i02.006
Md. Serajuddin Md. Serajuddin, Md. Aktarul Islam Chowdhury, Md. Mahmudul Haque, Tanzir Ahmed Khan
Bangladesh's largest water treatment plant sources its water from the Shitalakshya River, which is facing serious problems of organic pollution and ammonia contamination, particularly during the dry months of November to April. This study examines the extent of organic and ammonia pollution in the river and their relationship with each other. The study analyzed daily samples of raw water quality parameters, such as COD and NH3-N concentrations, from 2013 to 2018 only from the dry months, using standard laboratory methods at Dhaka's largest drinking water treatment plant. During the study period, the global average COD and ammonia concentrations in the dry months were 37.8 and 9.2 mg/L, respectively. These concentrations ranged between 10.6 to 76.3 mg/L and 0.98 to 19.54 mg/L in individual months respectively. The global yearly maximum COD and ammonia concentrations were respectively, ranging from 13 to 127 mg/L and 1.63 to 23.24 mg/L in individual months. These maximum levels occurred in March and April. The monthly minimum concentrations of COD and ammonia varied between 6-42mg/L and 0.17-15.6mg/L, respectively. It is noteworthy that the global average figures are higher than the recommended levels for drinking water sources after conventional treatment. The study found a distinct increasing trend in the maximum values of COD and ammonia concentration over time. Both the average and maximum values increased by around 0.5 mg/L every year. A statistical linear regression between the maximum COD and the ammonia concentration across the years showed an excellent strong correlation marked with an R2 value of 0.93,0.88,0.95 respectively for maximum, minimum and average values, indicating a potential common origin for these pollutants. If this trend of pollution persists, the authorities will need to modify the treatment chain to ensure that the supply of drinking water is not affected.
孟加拉国最大的水处理厂的水源来自希塔拉克什亚河,该河正面临着严重的有机污染和氨污染问题,尤其是在 11 月至 4 月的枯水期。本研究探讨了河水中有机物和氨污染的程度及其相互关系。研究采用标准实验室方法,在达卡最大的饮用水处理厂分析了 2013 年至 2018 年期间原水水质参数(如 COD 和 NH3-N 浓度)的每日样本,仅包括枯水月份。在研究期间,全球旱季的平均化学需氧量和氨氮浓度分别为 37.8 毫克/升和 9.2 毫克/升。在个别月份,这些浓度分别介于 10.6 至 76.3 毫克/升和 0.98 至 19.54 毫克/升之间。全球年最大化学需氧量和氨氮浓度分别为 13 至 127 毫克/升和 1.63 至 23.24 毫克/升。这些最大值出现在 3 月和 4 月。化学需氧量和氨氮的月最低浓度分别为 6-42 毫克/升和 0.17-15.6 毫克/升。值得注意的是,全球平均值高于常规处理后饮用水源的建议值。研究发现,随着时间的推移,化学需氧量和氨浓度的最大值呈明显上升趋势。平均值和最大值每年都增加约 0.5 毫克/升。各年化学需氧量最大值和氨氮浓度之间的统计线性回归显示出极好的强相关性,最大值、最小值和平均值的 R2 值分别为 0.93、0.88 和 0.95,表明这些污染物可能有共同的来源。如果这种污染趋势持续下去,当局将需要修改处理链,以确保饮用水供应不受影响。
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引用次数: 0
The Concentration of Organic & Ammonium Pollution and their Relationship in River Water: A Case Study 河水中有机物和铵污染的浓度及其关系:案例研究
Pub Date : 2024-02-10 DOI: 10.36347/sjet.2024.v12i02.006
Md. Serajuddin Md. Serajuddin, Md. Aktarul Islam Chowdhury, Md. Mahmudul Haque, Tanzir Ahmed Khan
Bangladesh's largest water treatment plant sources its water from the Shitalakshya River, which is facing serious problems of organic pollution and ammonia contamination, particularly during the dry months of November to April. This study examines the extent of organic and ammonia pollution in the river and their relationship with each other. The study analyzed daily samples of raw water quality parameters, such as COD and NH3-N concentrations, from 2013 to 2018 only from the dry months, using standard laboratory methods at Dhaka's largest drinking water treatment plant. During the study period, the global average COD and ammonia concentrations in the dry months were 37.8 and 9.2 mg/L, respectively. These concentrations ranged between 10.6 to 76.3 mg/L and 0.98 to 19.54 mg/L in individual months respectively. The global yearly maximum COD and ammonia concentrations were respectively, ranging from 13 to 127 mg/L and 1.63 to 23.24 mg/L in individual months. These maximum levels occurred in March and April. The monthly minimum concentrations of COD and ammonia varied between 6-42mg/L and 0.17-15.6mg/L, respectively. It is noteworthy that the global average figures are higher than the recommended levels for drinking water sources after conventional treatment. The study found a distinct increasing trend in the maximum values of COD and ammonia concentration over time. Both the average and maximum values increased by around 0.5 mg/L every year. A statistical linear regression between the maximum COD and the ammonia concentration across the years showed an excellent strong correlation marked with an R2 value of 0.93,0.88,0.95 respectively for maximum, minimum and average values, indicating a potential common origin for these pollutants. If this trend of pollution persists, the authorities will need to modify the treatment chain to ensure that the supply of drinking water is not affected.
孟加拉国最大的水处理厂的水源来自希塔拉克什亚河,该河正面临着严重的有机污染和氨污染问题,尤其是在 11 月至 4 月的枯水期。本研究探讨了河水中有机物和氨污染的程度及其相互关系。研究采用标准实验室方法,在达卡最大的饮用水处理厂分析了 2013 年至 2018 年期间原水水质参数(如 COD 和 NH3-N 浓度)的每日样本,仅包括枯水月份。在研究期间,全球旱季的平均化学需氧量和氨氮浓度分别为 37.8 毫克/升和 9.2 毫克/升。在个别月份,这些浓度分别介于 10.6 至 76.3 毫克/升和 0.98 至 19.54 毫克/升之间。全球年最大化学需氧量和氨氮浓度分别为 13 至 127 毫克/升和 1.63 至 23.24 毫克/升。这些最大值出现在 3 月和 4 月。化学需氧量和氨氮的月最低浓度分别为 6-42 毫克/升和 0.17-15.6 毫克/升。值得注意的是,全球平均值高于常规处理后饮用水源的建议值。研究发现,随着时间的推移,化学需氧量和氨浓度的最大值呈明显上升趋势。平均值和最大值每年都增加约 0.5 毫克/升。各年化学需氧量最大值和氨氮浓度之间的统计线性回归显示出极好的强相关性,最大值、最小值和平均值的 R2 值分别为 0.93、0.88 和 0.95,表明这些污染物可能有共同的来源。如果这种污染趋势持续下去,当局将需要修改处理链,以确保饮用水供应不受影响。
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引用次数: 0
Effective Management of Construction Project Team: Identifying Team Composition Strategies and Criteria 有效管理施工项目团队:确定团队组成策略和标准
Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.36347/sjet.2024.v12i02.005
Tawfig Khidir Ibnouf Adham, Amr Sukkar
This study delves into team composition within the construction industry, exploring its uniqueness amid the proven benefits of effective teamwork in productivity, innovation, and member satisfaction. Acknowledging the challenges arising from diverse workforces and projects-specific team requirements in construction, the research emphasizes the need for careful member selection to ensure project success. Focused on addressing gaps in understanding construction team management, the study aims to uncover fundamental elements crucial for steering these teams effectively. It endeavors to identify indispensable requisites by examining influential factors and criteria essential for creating an ideal team composition conducive to efficient management in construction. To achieve these goals, the study first reviewed the literature to distill critical criteria contributing to team effectiveness in various research fields. Subsequently, in-depth interviews with nine expert project managers and team members renowned for successful project leadership provided qualitative insights, which were analyzed thematically. The research identified three pivotal contributors to construction team effectiveness: Structured selection criteria and processes, qualifications, experience, and expertise, and finally, interpersonal skills and capabilities. These factors collectively shape a framework for optimizing construction team management, emphasizing the importance of systematic selection processes, relevant expertise, and critical interpersonal skills to foster collaborative team dynamics. This study illuminates the crucial components necessary for steering construction teams effectively, presenting insights valuable for refining industry practices and improving project outcomes. The study lays the groundwork for more efficient and successful construction project executions by bridging gaps in understanding the significance of member selection.
本研究深入探讨了建筑行业的团队组成,在有效的团队合作已被证明能提高生产率、创新力和成员满意度的同时,还探讨了其独特性。研究认识到建筑业中多样化的劳动力和特定项目的团队要求所带来的挑战,强调需要谨慎选择成员,以确保项目成功。本研究的重点是弥补对建筑团队管理认识上的不足,旨在揭示对有效指导这些团队至关重要的基本要素。通过研究影响因素和标准,努力确定不可或缺的必要条件,这些因素和标准对于创建一个有利于高效管理建筑业的理想团队构成至关重要。为了实现这些目标,本研究首先查阅了相关文献,以提炼出各研究领域中有助于提高团队效率的关键标准。随后,对九位项目经理专家和因成功领导项目而闻名的团队成员进行了深入访谈,并对访谈内容进行了专题分析。研究确定了提高施工团队效率的三个关键因素:结构化选拔标准和流程,资质、经验和专业知识,以及人际交往技巧和能力。这些因素共同构成了优化施工团队管理的框架,强调了系统化选拔流程、相关专业知识和关键人际交往技能对促进团队协作动力的重要性。本研究阐明了有效指导施工团队所需的关键要素,为完善行业实践和改善项目成果提供了有价值的见解。本研究弥补了对成员选择重要性的认识差距,为更高效、更成功地执行建筑项目奠定了基础。
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引用次数: 0
Effective Management of Construction Project Team: Identifying Team Composition Strategies and Criteria 有效管理施工项目团队:确定团队组成策略和标准
Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.36347/sjet.2024.v12i02.005
Tawfig Khidir Ibnouf Adham, Amr Sukkar
This study delves into team composition within the construction industry, exploring its uniqueness amid the proven benefits of effective teamwork in productivity, innovation, and member satisfaction. Acknowledging the challenges arising from diverse workforces and projects-specific team requirements in construction, the research emphasizes the need for careful member selection to ensure project success. Focused on addressing gaps in understanding construction team management, the study aims to uncover fundamental elements crucial for steering these teams effectively. It endeavors to identify indispensable requisites by examining influential factors and criteria essential for creating an ideal team composition conducive to efficient management in construction. To achieve these goals, the study first reviewed the literature to distill critical criteria contributing to team effectiveness in various research fields. Subsequently, in-depth interviews with nine expert project managers and team members renowned for successful project leadership provided qualitative insights, which were analyzed thematically. The research identified three pivotal contributors to construction team effectiveness: Structured selection criteria and processes, qualifications, experience, and expertise, and finally, interpersonal skills and capabilities. These factors collectively shape a framework for optimizing construction team management, emphasizing the importance of systematic selection processes, relevant expertise, and critical interpersonal skills to foster collaborative team dynamics. This study illuminates the crucial components necessary for steering construction teams effectively, presenting insights valuable for refining industry practices and improving project outcomes. The study lays the groundwork for more efficient and successful construction project executions by bridging gaps in understanding the significance of member selection.
本研究深入探讨了建筑行业的团队组成,在有效的团队合作已被证明能提高生产率、创新力和成员满意度的同时,还探讨了其独特性。研究认识到建筑业中多样化的劳动力和特定项目的团队要求所带来的挑战,强调需要谨慎选择成员,以确保项目成功。本研究的重点是弥补对建筑团队管理认识上的不足,旨在揭示对有效指导这些团队至关重要的基本要素。通过研究影响因素和标准,努力确定不可或缺的必要条件,这些因素和标准对于创建一个有利于高效管理建筑业的理想团队构成至关重要。为了实现这些目标,本研究首先查阅了相关文献,以提炼出各研究领域中有助于提高团队效率的关键标准。随后,对九位项目经理专家和因成功领导项目而闻名的团队成员进行了深入访谈,并对访谈内容进行了专题分析。研究确定了提高施工团队效率的三个关键因素:结构化选拔标准和流程,资质、经验和专业知识,以及人际交往技巧和能力。这些因素共同构成了优化施工团队管理的框架,强调了系统化选拔流程、相关专业知识和关键人际交往技能对促进团队协作动力的重要性。本研究阐明了有效指导施工团队所需的关键要素,为完善行业实践和改善项目成果提供了有价值的见解。本研究弥补了对成员选择重要性的认识差距,为更高效、更成功地执行建筑项目奠定了基础。
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引用次数: 0
Community-Based Development of Tomohon City Center Tourism Area 以社区为基础开发汤本市中心旅游区
Pub Date : 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.36347/sjet.2024.v12i02.004
B. A. Tombeg, S. Soemarno, Amin Leksono, Sri Utami Aziz
Background: Tomohon City has various tourist areas that have the potential to be developed, in which the community's participation is required in the process. This study aims to determine the implementation of the concept of community-based tourism in an effort to develop tourism potential in the downtown area of Tomohon, and to formulate an appropriate community-based tourism development model. Methods: This study used a descriptive qualitative method with data collection through interviews, observation and documentation studies. Findings: The results of this study indicate that the development of the Tourism Area in Tomohon City Center has implemented the concept of community-based tourism which fulfills five aspects including the economic, social, cultural, environmental and political dimensions. Conclusion: The tourism development of Tomohon City is able to drive the wheels of the economy at all levels of society and has a direct impact on the welfare of the community, as well as being able to encourage the growth and development of culture and the environment around the Tomohon City Center Area. Practical Implications: The tourism development model with a community-based approach can be carried out through three stages, namely the initial stage, the middle stage, and the advanced stage.
背景:Tomohon 市拥有多个具有开发潜力的旅游区,在开发过程中需要社区的参与。本研究旨在确定以社区为基础的旅游概念的实施情况,以努力开发 Tomohon 市中心地区的旅游潜力,并制定适当的以社区为基础的旅游发展模式。研究方法本研究采用描述性定性方法,通过访谈、观察和文献研究收集数据。研究结果研究结果表明,友洪市中心旅游区的开发贯彻了以社区为基础的旅游概念,包括经济、社会、文化、环境和政治五个方面。结论友本市的旅游业发展能够带动社会各层面的经济发展,对社区福利产生直接影响,同时还能促进友本市中心区域周边文化和环境的成长与发展。实际意义:以社区为基础的旅游发展模式可以通过三个阶段进行,即初期阶段、中期阶段和高级阶段。
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引用次数: 0
Community-Based Development of Tomohon City Center Tourism Area 以社区为基础开发汤本市中心旅游区
Pub Date : 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.36347/sjet.2024.v12i02.004
B. A. Tombeg, S. Soemarno, Amin Leksono, Sri Utami Aziz
Background: Tomohon City has various tourist areas that have the potential to be developed, in which the community's participation is required in the process. This study aims to determine the implementation of the concept of community-based tourism in an effort to develop tourism potential in the downtown area of Tomohon, and to formulate an appropriate community-based tourism development model. Methods: This study used a descriptive qualitative method with data collection through interviews, observation and documentation studies. Findings: The results of this study indicate that the development of the Tourism Area in Tomohon City Center has implemented the concept of community-based tourism which fulfills five aspects including the economic, social, cultural, environmental and political dimensions. Conclusion: The tourism development of Tomohon City is able to drive the wheels of the economy at all levels of society and has a direct impact on the welfare of the community, as well as being able to encourage the growth and development of culture and the environment around the Tomohon City Center Area. Practical Implications: The tourism development model with a community-based approach can be carried out through three stages, namely the initial stage, the middle stage, and the advanced stage.
背景:Tomohon 市拥有多个具有开发潜力的旅游区,在开发过程中需要社区的参与。本研究旨在确定以社区为基础的旅游概念的实施情况,以努力开发 Tomohon 市中心地区的旅游潜力,并制定适当的以社区为基础的旅游发展模式。研究方法本研究采用描述性定性方法,通过访谈、观察和文献研究收集数据。研究结果研究结果表明,友洪市中心旅游区的开发贯彻了以社区为基础的旅游概念,包括经济、社会、文化、环境和政治五个方面。结论友本市的旅游业发展能够带动社会各层面的经济发展,对社区福利产生直接影响,同时还能促进友本市中心区域周边文化和环境的成长与发展。实际意义:以社区为基础的旅游发展模式可以通过三个阶段进行,即初期阶段、中期阶段和高级阶段。
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引用次数: 0
Strategies for Master Data Management Integration and Their Benefits 主数据管理整合战略及其优势
Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.36347/sjet.2024.v12i02.002
R. Pansara
This study examines the efficacy of various methodologies employed for the integration of Master Data Management (MDM) and assesses the corresponding advantages in modern data-centric organizations. The main goal is to improve the processes of managing organizational data, tackle existing issues, and maximize the overall effectiveness of decision-making based on data. The research employs a comprehensive methodology, undertaking a meticulous examination of the current body of literature pertaining to Master Data Management (MDM) and integration methodologies. Both qualitative and quantitative research methodologies are utilized to assess the efficacy of various Master Data Management (MDM) integration solutions. The research design incorporates meticulous data gathering methodologies and sophisticated analytic approaches to guarantee the production of reliable and resilient findings. The study investigates various solutions for integrating Master Data Management (MDM), including consolidation, federation, and coexistence. Comprehensive elucidations of each method are furnished, bolstered by empirical illustrations and empirical analyses, proffering pragmatic perspectives. This paper provides a systematic analysis of the benefits associated with the integration of Master Data Management (MDM), with a particular focus on enhancements in data quality, decision-making processes, and operational efficiency. The importance of MDM integration in modern business environments is substantiated by empirical evidence and illustrative examples. In summary, this study highlights the crucial significance of integrating Master Data Management (MDM) in achieving organizational success. Through the examination of obstacles, the provision of pragmatic approaches, and the presentation of empirical illustrations, this research adds to the current scholarly understanding of efficient data management. It is recommended that further research endeavors be undertaken to delve deeper .....
本研究探讨了整合主数据管理(MDM)所采用的各种方法的功效,并评估了在以数据为中心的现代组织中的相应优势。主要目的是改进组织数据管理流程,解决现有问题,并最大限度地提高基于数据的决策的整体效率。本研究采用综合方法,对当前有关主数据管理(MDM)和集成方法的文献进行了细致研究。采用定性和定量研究方法来评估各种主数据管理 (MDM) 集成解决方案的功效。研究设计采用了缜密的数据收集方法和复杂的分析方法,以确保得出可靠、有弹性的研究结果。研究调查了整合主数据管理(MDM)的各种解决方案,包括整合、联合和共存。本文对每种方法进行了全面阐释,并辅以实证说明和实证分析,提出了务实的观点。本文系统分析了与主数据管理(MDM)集成相关的优势,尤其关注数据质量、决策流程和运营效率的提升。实证证据和示例证明了 MDM 整合在现代商业环境中的重要性。总之,本研究强调了整合主数据管理(MDM)对实现组织成功的重要意义。通过对障碍的研究、实用方法的提供以及经验实例的介绍,本研究为当前学术界对高效数据管理的理解增添了新的内容。建议进一步开展研究工作,深入探讨 .....。
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引用次数: 0
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Scholars Journal of Engineering and Technology
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