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When Feelings Move, Whose Feelings Matter? Critical Race Theory Bans and the Affective Politics of Public Education 当感情变化时,谁的感情重要?批判种族理论禁令与公共教育的情感政治
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.5325/jhistrhetoric.26.2.0243
Eric Detweiler
Abstract In recent attempts to ban the teaching of critical race theory in American schools and universities, students’ feelings have served as a frequent rationale and a subject of debate. Building on rhetoricians’ long-standing interest in emotion and its ties to movement and pedagogy, I track the rhetorical circulation of students’ feelings in and around critical race theory bans. I argue that such tracking helps elucidate the racialized role students’ emotions have played and continue to play in public education, with White students’ feelings positioned as a precious resource that must be protected from the dangerous feelings of others. I also consider how the circulation of students’ feelings can help rhetoricians rethink the distinctions and connections among the traditional branches of rhetoric.
在最近试图禁止在美国学校和大学教授批判种族理论的尝试中,学生的感受经常成为一个理由和争论的主题。基于修辞学家对情感的长期兴趣及其与运动和教育学的联系,我追踪了学生在批判性种族理论禁令及其周围的情感的修辞循环。我认为,这样的追踪有助于阐明学生的情感在公共教育中已经扮演并将继续扮演的种族化角色,白人学生的情感被定位为一种宝贵的资源,必须受到保护,免受他人危险情感的影响。我还考虑了学生情感的循环如何帮助修辞学家重新思考传统修辞学分支之间的区别和联系。
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引用次数: 0
Feminist Movements: The Role of Coalition, Travel, and Labor in the Third World Women’s Alliance 女权运动:联盟、旅行和劳工在第三世界妇女联盟中的作用
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.5325/jhistrhetoric.26.2.0177
Kaitlyn Patia
Abstract This article analyzes the role that travel and labor played in the coalitional activism of the Third World Women’s Alliance, a pathbreaking organization formed by women of color in 1970 and active through 1980. In it, I attend to the alliance’s feminist movements, how its members’ activism and commitments were lived, performed, and embodied. Specifically, I focus on its members’ travel to California to work with the United Farm Workers and to Cuba to work with the Venceremos Brigade. I explore the rhetorical capacity of movement and bodies in motion to transform feminist activism. This capacity—which I term rhetorical fluidity—names the always-ongoing processes of transforming what is possible that accompany that which moves. Understanding rhetorical fluidity and tracing its contours can demonstrate how activists and social movements can harness this latent power as a potential site of energy to sustain long-term struggles against oppression.
本文分析了旅行和劳动在第三世界妇女联盟的联合行动中所起的作用。第三世界妇女联盟是一个开创性的组织,由有色人种妇女于1970年成立,一直活跃到1980年。在这本书中,我关注了该联盟的女权运动,以及其成员的行动主义和承诺是如何实现、执行和体现的。具体来说,我关注的是其成员前往加州与美国农场工人联合会(United Farm Workers)合作,以及前往古巴与威尼斯莫斯旅(Venceremos Brigade)合作。我探索运动和运动中的身体的修辞能力,以改变女权主义激进主义。这种能力——我称之为修辞的流动性——命名了伴随运动而来的、永远在进行的转化可能性的过程。理解修辞的流动性并追踪其轮廓,可以展示活动家和社会运动如何利用这种潜在的力量,作为一种潜在的能量场所,来维持长期的反压迫斗争。
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引用次数: 0
Epideictic Priming amid COVID-19: Metonymy under the Microscope COVID-19期间的流行病启动:显微镜下的转喻
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.5325/jhistrhetoric.26.2.0230
Ben Wetherbee
Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic and its constituent controversies illustrate how the epideictic motives of mutual imagination and “showing forth” contribute irrevocably to rhetorical motion. Imagistic representations of disease like the Center for Disease Control’s morphological depiction of the SARS-CoV-2 “spike protein” form illustrative metonyms that reduce or “essentialize” complex networks of sociomedical phenomena into tangible shorthand, priming audiences for deliberative action. Images of symptomatic suffering that characterize diseases like polio, measles, and the common cold viscerally orient audiences to bodily suffering, compelling the sort of imaginative, deliberative vision that Aristotle terms phantasia. The spike protein obfuscates human suffering by substituting the euphemistically ineffable realm of microbiology. Journalists and medical communicators, therefore, bear an uncomfortable ethical imperative to represent metonymic suffering, not for its sensationalism or shock value, but for its epideictic capacity to prime or “turn” audiences toward meaningful deliberative action in support of real human well-being.
COVID-19大流行及其构成争议说明了相互想象和“展示”的流行病动机如何不可逆转地导致修辞动作。像疾病控制中心对SARS-CoV-2“刺突蛋白”的形态描述这样的疾病的意象表现形式形成了说明性的转喻,将复杂的社会医学现象网络减少或“本质化”为有形的速记,为观众准备深思熟虑的行动。小儿麻痹症、麻疹和普通感冒等疾病的症状性痛苦图像,会让观众发自内心地联想到身体上的痛苦,让人产生一种想象的、深思熟虑的幻觉,亚里士多德称之为幻觉。刺突蛋白代替了委婉地难以形容的微生物领域,从而模糊了人类的痛苦。因此,记者和医学传播者承担着一种令人不安的伦理责任,即代表转喻的痛苦,不是因为它的轰动效应或震惊价值,而是因为它具有流行病的能力,可以引导或“转向”观众采取有意义的审议行动,以支持真正的人类福祉。
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引用次数: 0
Museums in Motu in the Anthropocene: From Active Space to Spatial Actions 人类世Motu的博物馆:从活动空间到空间行动
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.5325/jhistrhetoric.26.2.0189
Junyi Lv
In this article I offer an in motu rhetorical analysis of museums in the Anthropocene. Instead of discussing curations inside museums in detail, I examine spatial and rhetorical dialogues between the Jinhuagong National Mine Park, a fifty-year-old coal mine, and the Yungang Grottoes, a Unesco cultural heritage site. Pulling together threads from Heidegger and Chinese environmental philosophies, I redefine museum as spatial action with three entangled lines of action: building, dwelling, and saying. Unlike in previous studies of museum as active space, museum in motu turns museum into museuming—a gerund indicating ongoing actions adapting to contingencies. Through museuming, human beings keep exploring the meaning of building in diverse practices of dwelling and adapting to relational existence with the more-than-human world.
在这篇文章中,我对人类世的博物馆进行了动态的修辞分析。我没有详细讨论博物馆内部的策展,而是研究了金华宫国家矿山公园(一座有50年历史的煤矿)与联合国教科文组织文化遗产云冈石窟之间的空间和修辞对话。我将海德格尔和中国环境哲学的线索结合在一起,将博物馆重新定义为一种空间行动,它有三条相互纠缠的行动线:建筑、居住和说话。与以往将博物馆作为活动空间的研究不同,motu中的博物馆将博物馆变成了博物馆——一个表示适应突发事件的持续行动的名词。通过博物馆,人类在不同的居住实践中不断探索建筑的意义,并适应与超越人类的世界的关系存在。
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引用次数: 0
Phantom Mobility: Coercion, Conversion, and Letter Writing in Colonial Sri Lanka 幻影流动:斯里兰卡殖民时期的强制、转换和书信写作
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.5325/jhistrhetoric.26.2.0152
Josie Portz
Abstract This article takes a pan-historiographic approach in its analysis of three collections of artifacts in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Sri Lanka: a set of contact narratives compiled by both the colonizing Portuguese and the dominant people group of the island, the Sinhalese; correspondence between King Dharmapāla and Pope Gregory XIII; and correspondence between the Sinhalese poet Alagiyavanna Mukaveti and King Philip III. In bringing together narratives of first contact between colonizers and colonized and letters from members of the Sinhalese elite requesting the restitution of land by the Portuguese colonizers, this article showcases examples in which local Sri Lankans performed rhetorical resistance through subversive means. In examining these artifacts, I offer for consideration the concept of “phantom mobility,” a rhetorical strategy that creates the appearance (and sometimes the illusion) of movement. In this rhetorical strategy, movement is conceived in terms of proximity or distance in relation to persons, places, events, etc. In this article, I suggest that phantom mobility can help illuminate how rhetors navigate colonial power dynamics in ways that expand our reading of rhetorical texts.
本文采用了一种泛史学的方法来分析16世纪和17世纪斯里兰卡的三件文物:一组由殖民的葡萄牙人和岛上的主要民族僧伽罗人编纂的接触叙述;国王Dharmapāla与教皇格雷戈里十三世之间的通信;以及僧伽罗诗人Alagiyavanna Mukaveti和国王菲利普三世之间的通信。这篇文章将殖民者和被殖民者之间的第一次接触的叙述和僧伽罗精英成员要求葡萄牙殖民者归还土地的信件结合在一起,展示了当地斯里兰卡人通过颠覆手段进行口头抵抗的例子。在研究这些人工制品时,我提出了“幻影移动”的概念,这是一种创造运动外观(有时是错觉)的修辞策略。在这种修辞策略中,动作是根据与人物、地点、事件等的接近或距离来构思的。在这篇文章中,我认为幻影移动可以帮助阐明修辞学家如何以扩大我们对修辞文本的阅读的方式驾驭殖民权力动态。
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引用次数: 0
Rhetorical Histories in Motu: On Teaching the Octalogs 《格言》中的修辞史:论八进制教学
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.5325/jhistrhetoric.26.2.0255
Carolyn D. Commer
Abstract This article argues for teaching the history of rhetoric using a historiographic approach—one informed by reading the Octalogs—to move students to inquire into how and why histories are written. It theorizes the pedagogical significance of the Octalogs in three ways: how they show students glimpses of images from rhetoric’s contested history, how they create a kind of productive confusion for students necessary for future learning and movement, and how they serve as a “disciplinary heuristic,” inspiring the invention of new research trajectories for students in the discipline. Drawing from retrospective interviews conducted with former graduate students who read the Octalogs, the article concludes by outlining eight benefits of an Octalogic pedagogy or a pedagogy that invites students to see histories of rhetoric as always in motu.
摘要本文主张在修辞学教学中采用史学方法,通过阅读《八录》来引导学生探究历史是如何以及为什么被书写的。它从三个方面理论化了八卦图的教学意义:它们如何向学生展示修辞学有争议的历史中的图像,它们如何为学生创造一种未来学习和运动所必需的生产性混乱,以及它们如何作为“学科启发”,启发学生在学科中发明新的研究轨迹。通过对读过八进制的前研究生进行的回顾性访谈,文章总结了八进制教学法的八个好处,或者是一种邀请学生始终以motu的方式看待修辞学历史的教学法。
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引用次数: 0
Introduction: Rhetoric in Motu, Motu in Rhetoric 引言:Motu中的修辞,Motu中的修辞
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.5325/jhistrhetoric.26.2.0135
Jennifer Keohane, Alessandra Beasley Von Burg
People move. Bodies move. Ideas move. Words move.The articles in this special issue of the Journal for the History of Rhetoric (JHR) emerged from the American Society for the History of Rhetoric (ASHR) symposium conducted at the 2022 Rhetoric Society of America conference in Baltimore. The theme—“Rhetoric in motu”—came from the energy we wanted to capture, a reason to move attendees to risk coming to an in-person conference in the midst of an ongoing pandemic.When we gathered as an organizing committee in early 2021, we wanted to connect to “Excess!!!! in/and the History of Rhetoric,” the 2020 ASHR symposium that never was, as well as to previous ASHR gatherings. The theme of excess resonated with—maybe rebounded because of—the limits and restrictions with which we were still living in 2021, even as the medical marvel of vaccines was allowing a return to, well, movement. Stillness, stuckness, immobility, had been defining academic life for most of us. We taught and met on Zoom or not at all.Another past symposium theme (one from 2016) echoed back at us: “Rhetoric in Situ” (see Lamp 2017). Place-based, topos-driven rhetoric we knew, but maybe it was the innate desire to move, finally, that got us to “Rhetoric in Motu.” As scholars of mobility, migration, textuality, public memory, presidential rhetoric, visual and textile rhetoric, and of course the history of rhetoric, we had already been thinking and moving, but we all felt the energy behind the kinetic force of words and ideas. Still no more, we wanted to give symposium goers a reason to show up, possibly for the first time since the pandemic began, not as they were before, but as driven (yes, moved) by energeia. Community, comradery, and togetherness were, we felt, what ASHR symposium goers wanted, alongside the rigor and readiness of rhetoric.We decided to look at the now for expertise, inviting early career scholars whose research into the history and practices of rhetoric had been building on and against existing theories and methods. During the pandemic, they had limited opportunities to engage others while advancing their scholarship. The ASHR symposium provided the academic space for discussion.This was not the first time that ASHR has had an intentional focus on emerging and energizing research, on newness/nowness, but we still embraced a careful look at the future of the history of rhetoric. We see the in motu aspect of rhetoric as the most exciting newness of very carefully grounded historical research. Defining rhetoric as contingent, flexible, provocative, is not new. Yet the authors whose work appears in this special issue engage rhetoric as a concept that accelerates, gains momentum, through the places, times, and people in their work.The theoretical contributions in this special issue speak to all historians of rhetoric in their everyday academic and civic lives. How and why do words move others? Amplify? Energize? Effuse? Amalgamate? Take off (lift/luft)? Many of the authors in
我们有三种审稿人,首先是审查所有提交的工作建议的审稿人。我们在研讨会上也有一种特殊的审稿人,我们希望这一创新成为传统:活动椅子。他们在作者发表论文之前阅读论文,亲自或书面提供精确的反馈,在会议期间带他们指定的小组去吃午饭,在某些情况下,在研讨会结束后,他们还会得到指导。我们向首任在职主席致敬:娜塔莉·本尼、安德烈·约翰逊、安布尔·凯尔茜、米歇尔·肯纳利、珍妮·基奥汉、乔丹·洛夫里奇和艾莉森·普拉施。最后,本期特刊的审稿人也很特别,他们中的许多人都扮演着上述角色。他们参加了ASHR专题讨论会。他们知道作者是谁,我们要求他们让作者知道他们的身份。为了反对匿名的学术实践,我们将评审过程定义为协作,邀请作者为出版而写作,并提供多种机会。阅读本文的评论者有Natalie Bennie、Martin Camper、Jonathan Carter、Kundai Chirindo、Cory gerath、atila Hallsby、Curry Kennedy、Jordan Loveridge、Allison Prasch和Carly Woods。第四,感谢所有出席座谈会和招待会的人士。问题和讨论令人振奋,充满活力,常常导致争论的进展。我们开发了一个令人兴奋的项目,让作者们可以分享和发光,他们做到了,因为观众们都来了。最后,我们感谢所有的演讲者。从提案到论文,对一些人来说,到出版,作者们分享了独特的作品,在保持研究基础的同时,接受了与修辞联系在一起的邀请。特别感谢三位主讲人,他们的演讲使本次研讨会成为中心和焦点:第一天,我们听到Karrieann Soto Vega讲述了《洛丽塔Lebrón》在波多黎各的反响;第二天,Rudo Mudiwa讲述了津巴布韦的抗议;第三天,Maryam Ahmadi讲述了伊朗修辞学的历史。所有的作者都让我们以多模态、相互联系和多元的方式来看待和感受修辞。Maryam Ahmadi的文章开启了本期特刊,将修辞学作为流动知识的存档。她认为,半殖民地的修辞既不是从西方/帝国模式发展而来,也不是站在它们之外。相反,它跨越了国家和帝国的边界,在名义上主权政体的边缘产生了可见的修辞形式。“语言的游戏出现了……作为帝国的游戏,”艾哈迈迪向我们展示了一个“修辞的势力范围”。同样,如果在不同的时代,艾哈迈迪定义为半殖民地的言论在斯里兰卡变得灵活。葡萄牙、英国和俄罗斯认为,他们有足够的理由将他们试图控制的国家赶走。乔西·波兹揭示了斯里兰卡被殖民者用手中的工具反抗权力时,语言和抵抗行动中普遍存在的一种虚幻的流动性。反抗行为也激发了梅格伊藤的贡献,她探索了“跳蛇舞”作为一种抗议技巧,可以拆除警察设置的物理路障。从日本的曾乐人到美国的易皮士,伊藤将反映蛇舞者相互交错的手臂的修辞片段编织在一起,恢复了“跨国联盟的时刻……”受到文化创伤的束缚。”为社会运动服务的旅行也是凯特琳·帕蒂亚的文章的基础。帕蒂亚探讨了20世纪70年代第三世界妇女联盟的“团结旅行”,作为培养女权运动活动的一种方式。她引入修辞的流动性,鼓励我们将旅行和劳动中的身体运动视为一种变革和流动的过程。吕俊毅展示了中国山西省景观重建时的变化。她将金华宫国家矿山公园与云冈石窟这两处山中雕刻的文化遗产进行了对话,提供了一种“motu”式的博物馆,作为在具体对话中阅读这些遗址的练习。记忆的运动也推动了伊丽莎白·埃利斯·米勒的贡献。探究1957年的自由祈祷之旅,米勒展示了记忆和祈祷如何在修辞上催化了民权支持者前往华盛顿特区的旅行。社会、地理和精神运动交织在一起,“领导人和活动家一起行动,实现新的国家未来”。从历史和全球背景,文章回到当代和美国。理查德·本杰明·克罗斯比、艾萨克·詹姆斯·理查兹和本·韦瑟比的文章分别以令人难忘的时刻为主题:一场全国性的起义和一场全球性的病毒。
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引用次数: 0
Slithering toward Social Change: Mobile Reverberations of Anticolonial Dissent across Time and Space 滑向社会变革:反殖民主义异议在时间和空间上的流动回响
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.5325/jhistrhetoric.26.2.0165
Meg Itoh
Abstract I explore the ways in which practicing rhetorical analysis transnationally in motu reveals coalitional moments that were previously obfuscated by dominant narratives of rhetorical history. I offer rhetoric transnationally in motu as a method of engaging the mobility of artifacts across time and space, a method that, in turn, enables decentering the nation-state, tracing reverberations of anticolonial dissent, and threading fragments together by reading against and alongside the archival grain. To demonstrate this methodological approach, I analyze the protest technique of “snake-dancing” used by the Zengakuren in Japan and the Yippies in the United States. Although the Zengakuren and the Yippies were active in different time periods and in different geographic locations, by examining their uses of the same protest technique, I am able to suggest that the two groups shared a transnational coalitional moment in which they were fleetingly and intangibly connected through the same echoing reverberations of anticolonial dissent.
摘要:本文探讨了跨国修辞学分析如何揭示先前被修辞学历史的主导叙事所混淆的联合时刻。我提供了一种跨国界的修辞学,作为一种跨越时间和空间的人工制品流动性的方法,这种方法反过来又使民族国家分散化,追踪反殖民主义异议的回响,并通过与档案颗粒对立或并行的阅读将碎片串在一起。为了证明这一方法论,我分析了日本的增乐人和美国的易皮士所使用的“跳蛇”的抗议技巧。虽然曾谷人和易皮士活跃于不同的时期和不同的地理位置,但通过考察他们对相同抗议技术的使用,我能够提出,这两个群体共享了一个跨国联盟的时刻,在这个时刻,他们通过同样的反殖民主义异议的回响而短暂而无形地联系在一起。
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引用次数: 0
Semicolonial Rhetoric; or, A Rhetorical Sphere of Influence 半殖民地的修辞;或者,修辞的影响范围
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.5325/jhistrhetoric.26.2.0140
Maryam Ahmadi
Abstract This article explores how Persian/ate rhetorical experiences and sensibilities constitute and are constituted by semicolonial modalities of empire. Building on global rhetorical history and an analysis of the work of the social reformer, historian, and linguist Ahmad Kasravi (1890–1946), I show how critical conceptions and configurations of speech emerge vis-à-vis the semicolonial bordering and ordering of the body politic and how these rhetorical formations at once resist and reproduce empire. Hailing from the liminal rhetorical space between the colonial and the noncolonial, namely, the sphere of influence, these configurations constitute what I call semicolonial rhetoric or a rhetorical sphere of influence.
本文探讨了波斯人/阿拉伯人的修辞经验和情感如何构成和被半殖民地帝国形态所构成。基于全球修辞史和对社会改革家、历史学家和语言学家艾哈迈德·卡斯拉维(1890-1946)工作的分析,我展示了话语的关键概念和结构是如何在-à-vis半殖民地边界和政体的秩序中出现的,以及这些修辞结构是如何同时抵抗和复制帝国的。从殖民和非殖民之间的有限的修辞空间,即影响范围,这些配置构成了我所说的半殖民地修辞或修辞的影响范围。
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引用次数: 0
The Moves of Civil Rights: Examining the 1957 Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom 民权运动:考察1957年争取自由的祈祷之旅
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.5325/jhistrhetoric.26.2.0205
Elizabeth Ellis Miller
Abstract The catalog of the major marches held during the movement for Black freedom typically focuses on events of the 1960s: the 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, the 1965 March across the Pettus Bridge in Selma, Alabama, or James Meredith’s 1966 March against Fear. While the largest and best-remembered civil rights marches did indeed occur in the 1960s, the first national march of the movement took place in 1957 at an event held on the National Mall in Washington, DC: the Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom. To craft this demonstration, leaders invited activists to take up social, geographic, and spiritual movements, movements that relied on memory and prayer. This article analyzes the event through these three dimensions of movement and rethinks the significance of the Prayer Pilgrimage for rhetorical histories of civil rights and the march as protest tactic.
在黑人自由运动中举行的主要游行通常集中在20世纪60年代的事件:1963年在华盛顿举行的争取就业和自由的游行,1965年在阿拉巴马州塞尔玛举行的穿越佩特斯桥的游行,或詹姆斯·梅雷迪思1966年的反对恐惧的游行。虽然规模最大、最令人难忘的民权游行确实发生在20世纪60年代,但该运动的第一次全国游行发生在1957年,当时在华盛顿特区的国家广场举行了一次活动:“为自由祈祷朝圣”。为了精心策划这次示威,领导人邀请活动人士参加社会、地理和精神运动,这些运动依赖于记忆和祈祷。本文通过运动的这三个维度来分析这一事件,并重新思考祈祷朝圣对民权修辞史和作为抗议策略的游行的意义。
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引用次数: 0
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Advances in the History of Rhetoric
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