The "Ceaslov" of Dubăsari from 1794 represents the most extended volume illustrated by the typographer, editor, translator, bookbinder, author, secret agent and engraver Mihail Strilbițchi, of Ruthenian-Polish origin. He was active in Iași, Dubăsari and Movilău in the second half of the 18th century. The ecclesiastic themes approached in the 16 woodcuts, most of them signed, are varied and interesting. The present research is intended to analyze these illustrations and to find the sources of inspiration used by the industrious and skilful engraver.
{"title":"Les illustrations de Mihail Strilbițchi du Ceaslov de Dubăsari de 1794","authors":"Cornel Tatai-Baltă","doi":"10.33993/eb.2021.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33993/eb.2021.07","url":null,"abstract":"The \"Ceaslov\" of Dubăsari from 1794 represents the most extended volume illustrated by the typographer, editor, translator, bookbinder, author, secret agent and engraver Mihail Strilbițchi, of Ruthenian-Polish origin. He was active in Iași, Dubăsari and Movilău in the second half of the 18th century. The ecclesiastic themes approached in the 16 woodcuts, most of them signed, are varied and interesting. The present research is intended to analyze these illustrations and to find the sources of inspiration used by the industrious and skilful engraver.","PeriodicalId":380509,"journal":{"name":"Études bibliologiques/Library Research Studies","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116440743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The interest in secular literature in Arad County manifested itself from the second half of the 18th century, when two booksellers from Budapest began to sell books at local fairs and when two libraries in Arad and Maria Radna were established by the Conventual Franciscans. In addition to the need to buy, own and read various books, at the beginning of the 19th century in the city of Arad appeared – as a late manifestation of the Enlightenment - a desire to produce, with dedication, small-sized books, on leaflets, and to give them to those attending public readings. At the same time, with this need for erudition, the first French and Italian novels, some of them considered licentious - thus satisfying "guilty" pleasures, appeared in the libraries of the nobles. From a time perspective, we are talking about rarities which were, at the moment of their acquisition, an illustration of the phenomenon of the readings of an epoch.
{"title":"L’érudition et le plaisir de la lecture à Arad au début du XIXe siècle","authors":"Elena Rodica Colta","doi":"10.33993/eb.2020.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33993/eb.2020.06","url":null,"abstract":"The interest in secular literature in Arad County manifested itself from the second half of the 18th century, when two booksellers from Budapest began to sell books at local fairs and when two libraries in Arad and Maria Radna were established by the Conventual Franciscans. In addition to the need to buy, own and read various books, at the beginning of the 19th century in the city of Arad appeared – as a late manifestation of the Enlightenment - a desire to produce, with dedication, small-sized books, on leaflets, and to give them to those attending public readings. At the same time, with this need for erudition, the first French and Italian novels, some of them considered licentious - thus satisfying \"guilty\" pleasures, appeared in the libraries of the nobles. From a time perspective, we are talking about rarities which were, at the moment of their acquisition, an illustration of the phenomenon of the readings of an epoch.","PeriodicalId":380509,"journal":{"name":"Études bibliologiques/Library Research Studies","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125555428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
While evaluating the Transylvanian Bishop Ignác Batthyány’s (1741-1798) life and activity, one can notice that there miss those aspects which would reconstitute his career as a historian, codicologist and textologist and, not least, his quality as a collector of early medieval manuscripts. Romanian historiography does not record his published works, although they appear in Hungarian historiography. Neither are the manuscripts of his books valued, nor the collections of medieval manuscripts, original or copied in large European archives that belonged to him, now preserved in Batthyaneum Library in Alba Iulia. For a well-deserved restitution, I propose an analysis of the methodology of research and interpretation of literary and archival sources, used by the bishop in the drafting and printing the 11th century manuscript containing the works of St. Gerard of Cenad in his own printing press for the first time, in 1790.
{"title":"L ’évêque de Transylvanie Ignace Batthyány , le premier éditeur de l ’ œuvre de Saint Gérard de Cenad , découvert dans un manuscrit du XI e siècle. À propos du livre imprimé à Alba Carolina, en 1790","authors":"Doina Hendre Biro","doi":"10.33993/eb.2020.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33993/eb.2020.05","url":null,"abstract":"While evaluating the Transylvanian Bishop Ignác Batthyány’s (1741-1798) life and activity, one can notice that there miss those aspects which would reconstitute his career as a historian, codicologist and textologist and, not least, his quality as a collector of early medieval manuscripts. Romanian historiography does not record his published works, although they appear in Hungarian historiography. Neither are the manuscripts of his books valued, nor the collections of medieval manuscripts, original or copied in large European archives that belonged to him, now preserved in Batthyaneum Library in Alba Iulia. For a well-deserved restitution, I propose an analysis of the methodology of research and interpretation of literary and archival sources, used by the bishop in the drafting and printing the 11th century manuscript containing the works of St. Gerard of Cenad in his own printing press for the first time, in 1790.","PeriodicalId":380509,"journal":{"name":"Études bibliologiques/Library Research Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124284179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this paper is to make an introductory presentation of the existing information regarding the decoration of the manuscript book in Transylvania at the end of the Middle Ages. At the same time, the author suggests a series of connections between apparently disparate data and proposes the identification of a group of works that seem to belong to the same artist. This “Vigiliale group” comprises three manuscript volumes of liturgical content, but also a papal indulgence, probably decorated in Braşov around 1500. This fact, along with other forms of decorations in various places within Transylvania, in addition to documentary information, shows a surprisingly intense activity of book and charter illumination in Transylvania in the decades before the Protestant Reformation.
{"title":"Illuminating the Page in Transylvania Around 1500. The First Contact/Enluminer la page en Transylvanie vers 1500. Le premier contact","authors":"Adinel Dincă","doi":"10.33993/eb.2019.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33993/eb.2019.02","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to make an introductory presentation of the existing information regarding the decoration of the manuscript book in Transylvania at the end of the Middle Ages. At the same time, the author suggests a series of connections between apparently disparate data and proposes the identification of a group of works that seem to belong to the same artist. This “Vigiliale group” comprises three manuscript volumes of liturgical content, but also a papal indulgence, probably decorated in Braşov around 1500. This fact, along with other forms of decorations in various places within Transylvania, in addition to documentary information, shows a surprisingly intense activity of book and charter illumination in Transylvania in the decades before the Protestant Reformation.","PeriodicalId":380509,"journal":{"name":"Études bibliologiques/Library Research Studies","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126580064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A rare book for us but a compulsory object of study for Romanian-speaking teachers in all Romanian schools of Transylvania in the year 1861. In a research related to school plurilingualism in Transylvania of the 19th century, in the correspondence of the studied author, George Bariț, I discovered an order of over 100 books with the title "Studii asupra instructiunii publice în unele din statele cele mai înaintate ale Europei" ("Studies on Public "Instruction in Some of the Most advanced States of Europe" by George Costa-Foru, published at the Printing House of the National College of St. Sava, in Bucharest, in 1860. The order will be sent to all the Romanian schools in Transylvania, with which George Bariț was in permanent exchange. The author, George Costa-Foru, director of the schools Ephoria in 1857, received an important mission from the representative of the Ottoman Porte in Bucharest, the caimacan Dimitrie Al. Ghica: in four months, he will have to travel across Europe and bring back information about the most advanced schools and educational institutions in the visited states. The way they function will be the model of a school and public education reform in Wallachia, but also, as it will be historically demonstrated, they will constitute the basis of the first Public Education Act in the newly formed Romania, a state created after the union of the two historical Romanian-speaking principalities, Moldova and Wallachia. In the present article, the interest is to introduce the volume with some observations about George Costa-Foru's journey and to put for the first time in the equation the importance of this journey, presented in the book more as a report to a mission then a literary diary. A list of all the institutions he visited is for the first time made available to the general public in our article. Was this really a baiting mission for the Turks or a simple gathering of information that will be the basis for the modernization of public education in the future sovereign state? The research in progress, of which this article is a part, will endeavour to shed light on this problem of pedagogical espionage: Costa-Foru returns with more than 480 original documents from the institutions visited, which he lists at the end of the report and officially hands over to the Minister of Public Instruction in 1857, the year of his trip. The book is the final report, Costa-Foru gives to his commander, but it does not tell us how these documents were obtained. They are still unknown to the public, but they are summarised in the appendix of the report written by George Costa-Foru.
对我们来说是一本罕见的书，但在1861年，特兰西瓦尼亚所有罗马尼亚学校讲罗马尼亚语的教师都必须学习这本书。在研究相关学校plurilingualism特兰西瓦尼亚的19世纪,通信的研究作者乔治·巴里ț我发现订单超过100本书的标题“Studii asupra instructiunii publice在unele din statele肿物mai inaintate啤酒Europei”(“公共研究”指令的一些最先进的欧洲”乔治•Costa-Foru发表在全国大学圣萨瓦河,印刷厂在布加勒斯特,在1860年。该命令将被发送到特兰西瓦尼亚的所有罗马尼亚学校，乔治·巴利亚尼与这些学校长期交换。作者George Costa-Foru是1857年Ephoria学校的主任，他接受了奥斯曼帝国在布加勒斯特的代表caimacan Dimitrie Al. Ghica的重要任务:在四个月内，他必须穿越欧洲，并带回有关所访问国家最先进的学校和教育机构的信息。它们的运作方式将成为瓦拉几亚州学校和公共教育改革的典范，而且，正如历史所证明的那样，它们将构成新成立的罗马尼亚第一个公共教育法的基础。罗马尼亚是在两个历史上讲罗马尼亚语的公国摩尔多瓦和瓦拉几亚合并后成立的国家。在这篇文章中，我们的兴趣是介绍这本书，并对乔治·科斯塔-福鲁的旅程进行一些观察，并首次将这段旅程的重要性纳入考虑范围，这本书更像是一份使命报告，而不是一本文学日记。在我们的文章中，他访问的所有机构的清单首次向公众提供。这真的是一个引诱土耳其人的任务，还是一个简单的信息收集，将成为未来主权国家公共教育现代化的基础?正在进行的研究，这篇文章是其中的一部分，将努力阐明这个教育间谍问题:科斯塔-福鲁从访问过的机构带回了480多份原始文件，他在报告的最后列出了这些文件，并在1857年，也就是他旅行的那一年正式交给了公共教育部长。这本书是科斯塔-福鲁交给他的指挥官的最后报告，但它没有告诉我们这些文件是如何获得的。他们仍然不为公众所知，但他们在George Costa-Foru撰写的报告的附录中进行了总结。
{"title":"Échanges de bonnes pratiques ou espionnage pédagogique? Le rapport de George Costa‑Foru études sur “L’instruction publique dans certains des états les plus avancés d’Europe”, București, Tipografia Sf. Sava, 1860","authors":"Cora Saurer-Chiorean","doi":"10.33993/eb.2021.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33993/eb.2021.05","url":null,"abstract":"A rare book for us but a compulsory object of study for Romanian-speaking teachers in all Romanian schools of Transylvania in the year 1861. In a research related to school plurilingualism in Transylvania of the 19th century, in the correspondence of the studied author, George Bariț, I discovered an order of over 100 books with the title \"Studii asupra instructiunii publice în unele din statele cele mai înaintate ale Europei\" (\"Studies on Public \"Instruction in Some of the Most advanced States of Europe\" by George Costa-Foru, published at the Printing House of the National College of St. Sava, in Bucharest, in 1860. The order will be sent to all the Romanian schools in Transylvania, with which George Bariț was in permanent exchange. The author, George Costa-Foru, director of the schools Ephoria in 1857, received an important mission from the representative of the Ottoman Porte in Bucharest, the caimacan Dimitrie Al. Ghica: in four months, he will have to travel across Europe and bring back information about the most advanced schools and educational institutions in the visited states. The way they function will be the model of a school and public education reform in Wallachia, but also, as it will be historically demonstrated, they will constitute the basis of the first Public Education Act in the newly formed Romania, a state created after the union of the two historical Romanian-speaking principalities, Moldova and Wallachia. In the present article, the interest is to introduce the volume with some observations about George Costa-Foru's journey and to put for the first time in the equation the importance of this journey, presented in the book more as a report to a mission then a literary diary. A list of all the institutions he visited is for the first time made available to the general public in our article. Was this really a baiting mission for the Turks or a simple gathering of information that will be the basis for the modernization of public education in the future sovereign state? The research in progress, of which this article is a part, will endeavour to shed light on this problem of pedagogical espionage: Costa-Foru returns with more than 480 original documents from the institutions visited, which he lists at the end of the report and officially hands over to the Minister of Public Instruction in 1857, the year of his trip. The book is the final report, Costa-Foru gives to his commander, but it does not tell us how these documents were obtained. They are still unknown to the public, but they are summarised in the appendix of the report written by George Costa-Foru.","PeriodicalId":380509,"journal":{"name":"Études bibliologiques/Library Research Studies","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130454177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Minor art in the West, calligraphy was revered in the Islamic world, developing in amazingly diverse and original ways and revealing the aspiration to devise a radically non-mimetic visual construction to exalt and spread the Divine Word in a culture that frowns on making an image of the divine and its creation. Paper and the emergence of bureaucratic elite prompted the development of sophisticated calligraphic styles with six standardized cursive scripts, the nature of the text or the prospective readers determining the type of writing employed for literary, religious, or administrative works. The Islamic manuscripts and books in the Romanian Academy Library of Cluj-Napoca, the legacy of the celebrated scholar Timotei Cipariu, illustrate a wide repertoire of styles, once again demonstrating the inherent potential of Islamic calligraphy for developing a variety of versatile ornamental forms, while remaining true to its key role to communicate facts and express thoughts and feelings.
{"title":"Islamic Calligraphy in the Special Collections of the Romanian Academy Library in Cluj-Napoca / La calligraphie islamique dans les collections speciales de la Bibliotheque de l’Academie Roumaine de Cluj-Napoca","authors":"Simona Fărcășan","doi":"10.33993/eb.2019.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33993/eb.2019.06","url":null,"abstract":"Minor art in the West, calligraphy was revered in the Islamic world, developing in amazingly diverse and original ways and revealing the aspiration to devise a radically non-mimetic visual construction to exalt and spread the Divine Word in a culture that frowns on making an image of the divine and its creation. Paper and the emergence of bureaucratic elite prompted the development of sophisticated calligraphic styles with six standardized cursive scripts, the nature of the text or the prospective readers determining the type of writing employed for literary, religious, or administrative works. The Islamic manuscripts and books in the Romanian Academy Library of Cluj-Napoca, the legacy of the celebrated scholar Timotei Cipariu, illustrate a wide repertoire of styles, once again demonstrating the inherent potential of Islamic calligraphy for developing a variety of versatile ornamental forms, while remaining true to its key role to communicate facts and express thoughts and feelings.","PeriodicalId":380509,"journal":{"name":"Études bibliologiques/Library Research Studies","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116821607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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