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Romanian Books in the Vatican Library as Revealed by Their First Thorough Catalogue 梵蒂冈图书馆的罗马尼亚图书首次全面目录揭示
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33993/eb.2021.09
Ioana Feodorov
The catalogue of early and modern books printed in the Romanian lands that Anca Tatay and Bogdan Andriescu prepared for the Studi e testi series of the Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana (ST 546, 2021) is an outstanding addition to the previous sources concerning this important collection. The present contribution is a commentary of this new catalogue, which also considers the records comprised in volume VI.1 of the new series of Romanian Traces Abroad (Mărturii românești peste hotare), the series initiated by Virgil Cândea and resumed by his daughter Ioana Feodorov at the Institute for South-East European Studies of the Romanian Academy. In the process, the author discusses the methodology and features of the recent catalogue, outlining its many benefits for the scholarly readers interested in the Romanian printing presses and the circulation of their production across Europe.
Anca Tatay和Bogdan Andriescu为梵蒂冈宗座图书馆(st546, 2021)的Studi e testi系列编写的罗马尼亚土地上印刷的早期和现代书籍目录是对这一重要收藏的先前来源的杰出补充。目前的贡献是对这个新目录的评论,该目录还考虑了新系列罗马尼亚海外足迹(m rturii românești peste hotare)的第六卷第一卷中的记录,该系列由Virgil c ndea发起,并由他的女儿Ioana Feodorov在罗马尼亚学院东南欧研究所恢复。在这个过程中,作者讨论了最近目录的方法和特点,概述了对罗马尼亚印刷机及其在欧洲生产的流通感兴趣的学术读者的许多好处。
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引用次数: 0
Princeps Editions from the Collections of the Romanian Academy Library – Cluj-Napoca Office. Debut Volumes 罗马尼亚学院图书馆馆藏的主要版本-克卢日-纳波卡办公室。第一卷
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33993/eb.2020.08
Sandor-Botezatu Nicoleta
The first editions of books authored by the most valuable writers and important personalities of the Romanian and universal science and culture are included in the category of bibliophile books. The princeps editions incorporate a particular value, both in terms of their bibliophilic aspect as well as for the biography and bibliography of a given author. When it comes to literary history and especially the different types of first edition books, whether it is a true first edition, a believed first, a first thus, a first book club and an advanced reader copy, several features may be identified. The authors are usually more invested and involved in the first printing process because it's the first time their work is born and introduced to the world. Moreover, the volume itself may reveal fundamental details on a literary school, on a literary current or on an entire writing era. Our library holds, according to preliminary research, the debut volumes of C. Conachi, I. Vulcan, V. Cârlova, P. Cerna, C. Pavelescu, G. Topârceanu, Al. Philippide, Camil Petrescu, Z. Stancu. The current article will focus on some of those volumes, such as A Collection of the Poems of Mr. D. Bolintineanu [Colecție din poeziile domnului D. Bolintineanu], Poems [Poesii] (M. Eminescu), Poems [Poesii] (O. Goga), Sentimental Songs for Later [Romanțe pentru mai târziu] (I. Minulescu), Native Lowlands [Șesuri natale], (N. Crainic), Poems of Light [Poemele Luminii] (L. Blaga), Right Words. Verses [Cuvinte potrivite. Stihuri] (T. Arghezi), Dark April [Întunecatul april] (Em. Botta). Considering the value and rarity of first editions, the limited number of collections that have in custody such bibliophilic jewels, the inherent loss of physical integrity that develops with the passing of time, it is, with greater reason, the right moment to respect and to preserve the cultural heritage of future generations.
罗马尼亚和世界科学和文化界最有价值的作家和重要人物所著书籍的第一版被列入爱书之书的类别。主要版本结合了一个特殊的价值,无论是在他们的爱书方面,以及传记和书目的一个给定的作者。说到文学史,尤其是不同类型的第一版书籍,无论是真正的第一版、相信的第一版、因此的第一版、第一个读书俱乐部的第一版还是高级读者的第一版,都可以确定几个特征。作者通常更投入第一版印刷过程,因为这是他们的作品第一次诞生并向世界介绍。此外,本卷本身可能揭示一个文学流派,文学潮流或整个写作时代的基本细节。根据初步研究,我们的图书馆拥有C. Conachi, I. Vulcan, V. castrlova, P. Cerna, C. Pavelescu, G. toprceanu, Al. Philippide, Camil Petrescu, Z. Stancu的首卷。本文将集中讨论其中一些诗集,如《D. Bolintineanu先生的诗集》[Colecție din poeziile domnului D. Bolintineanu]、《诗歌》(M. Eminescu)、《诗歌》(O. Goga)、《后世的情感歌曲》[Romanțe pentru mai trziu] (I. Minulescu)、《低地》(Șesuri natale)、《光明的诗歌》(N. Crainic)、《光明的诗歌》(L. Blaga)、《正确的词语》。诗句[古文人的诗]。Stihuri] (T. Arghezi), Dark April [Întunecatul April] (Em. Botta)。考虑到第一版图书的价值和稀缺性,这些藏书家的收藏数量有限,以及随着时间的流逝而逐渐丧失的实物完整性,有更大的理由认为,现在是尊重和保护后代文化遗产的恰当时机。
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引用次数: 0
Boethius, ‟De Consolatione Philosophiae”, Nürnberg, 1473 – an Incunabulum from The Brukenthal National Museum Library, Sibiu
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33993/eb.2021.01
Constantin Ittu
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引用次数: 0
Archives et création dans la culture roumaine 罗马尼亚文化中的档案与创作
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33993/eb.2020.03
Tiberius Vasiniuc, Sorin Crișan
The relationship between the archives and the literary work represents a theme that is still insufficiently questioned by critical debates and by European literary exegesis (at least, according to what the authors of this study know about it). The essential issue we want to address here is to identify the place that the archive (whether personal or public) occupies in the writer’s life in the landscape of Romanian culture. Also, we wish by this study to highlight the border which separates the personal archives and the fictional archives.
档案和文学作品之间的关系代表了一个主题,这个主题仍然没有受到批判性辩论和欧洲文学训诂学的充分质疑(至少,根据本研究的作者所知)。我们在这里想要解决的关键问题是确定档案(无论是个人的还是公共的)在罗马尼亚文化景观中作家生活中的位置。同时,我们希望通过本研究突出个人档案与虚构档案之间的界限。
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引用次数: 0
Printing and Old Romanian Books in the European Cultural Heritage 欧洲文化遗产中的印刷和古罗马尼亚书籍
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33993/eb.2020.02
Igor Cereteu
Printing and Old Romanian Books (1508-1830) gained a well-established position in the European Cultural Heritage by the beginning of the 16th century, with the introduction of imprints in Cyrillic typeface, ahead of many European states. The first printing press was introduced in Wallachia in 1508, when hieromonk Macarie issued several religious books in Slavonic at Târgoviște, for Romanian Orthodox Christians and Slavonic people of Europe. Prints in Romanian would enter the cultural circuit as early as the fifth decennium of the 16th century. Transylvanian typographies started their activity by printing books in Latin and German. In 1535 Johan Honterus of Brașov (1498–1549) set a typography, thus establishing the city as one of the centres for the Lutheran believe in Transylvania. In 1544, the Romanian Catechism was published at Sibiu, a text that aimed to promote the Lutheran theology amongst Romanians. Between 1535 and 1557 over 50 works were published in Latin, Greek and German in the typography of Brașov, which then spread across many European countries. After deacon Coresi came to Brașov in the second half of the 16th century, several books were published with Cyrillic typeface in Slavonic, Romanian and bilingual editions for Orthodox Christians. The Romanian printing activity came to a standstill that lasted from the last decennium of the 16th century until the fourth decennium of the 17th century. The activity restarted during the reign of Matei Basarab in Wallachia (1632-1654) and Vasile Lupu in Moldavia (1634-1653). Printing was introduced in Moldavia in 1642 and, in comparison with Wallachia and Transylvania, Romanian was used as main language. Books in Greek, intended for the Orthodox faithful within the Ottoman Empire, were also printed. After 1812, the eastern part of Moldavia was annexed by Tsarist Russia. In 1814, a printing house that provided literature for the churches of the eparchy was set up in Chișinău, the capital city of the province. Some of the books would reach countries of Central and Western Europe or even cultural centres in Ukraine and Russia. In conclusion, books printed within the Romanian countries were mainly for religious purposes. Sets were issued in Romanian, Slavonic, Latin, German and Greek, for the use of Christians throughout both Western and Eastern Europe.
印刷和古罗马尼亚书籍(1508-1830)在16世纪初在欧洲文化遗产中获得了稳固的地位,在许多欧洲国家之前引入了西里尔字体的印版。第一台印刷机于1508年在瓦拉几亚引进,当时僧侣Macarie在Târgoviște上为罗马尼亚东正教教徒和欧洲的斯拉夫人发行了几本斯拉夫语的宗教书籍。罗马尼亚语的印刷品早在16世纪的第五个十年就进入了文化圈。特兰西瓦尼亚的印刷术是从用拉丁语和德语印刷书籍开始的。1535年,Brașov的Johan Honterus(1498-1549)设计了一种印刷法,从而使这座城市成为特兰西瓦尼亚路德教会信仰的中心之一。1544年,《罗马尼亚教理问答》在锡比乌出版,旨在向罗马尼亚人推广路德宗神学。在1535年至1557年间,超过50部作品以拉丁文、希腊文和德文的方式出版,并在Brașov上印刷,随后传播到许多欧洲国家。16世纪下半叶,Coresi执事来到Brașov后,几本书以斯拉夫语、罗马尼亚语和东正教双语版本的西里尔字体出版。罗马尼亚的印刷活动从16世纪的最后一个十年一直持续到17世纪的第四个十年。在瓦拉几亚的Matei Basarab(1632-1654)和摩尔达维亚的Vasile Lupu(1634-1653)统治期间,这种活动重新开始。印刷术于1642年引入摩尔达维亚,与瓦拉几亚和特兰西瓦尼亚相比,罗马尼亚语被用作主要语言。希腊文的书籍也被印刷出来,目的是给奥斯曼帝国的东正教信徒。1812年后,摩尔达维亚东部被沙俄吞并。1814年,在该省省会Chișinău成立了一家印刷厂,为教区的教堂提供文献。其中一些书籍将到达中欧和西欧国家,甚至乌克兰和俄罗斯的文化中心。总之,在罗马尼亚国家内印刷的书籍主要是用于宗教目的。套装以罗马尼亚语、斯拉夫语、拉丁语、德语和希腊语发行,供整个西欧和东欧的基督徒使用。
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引用次数: 0
A new Fragment of the Antiphonale Varadiense at the Romanian Academy Library in Cluj/Un nouveau fragment de L’Antiphonale Varadiense a la Bibliotheque de L’Academie Roumaine, Cluj 克鲁日罗马尼亚学院图书馆的瓦拉第安Antiphonale Varadiense的新片段/克鲁日罗马尼亚学院图书馆的瓦拉第安Antiphonale Varadiense的新片段
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33993/eb.2019.03
A. Papahagi
John Filipec,bishop of Oradea between 1476-1490, endowed his cathedral with deluxe copies of the antiphonary and of the gradual, each in two volumes. At some point between 1557 and the early 1620s, the books were displaced and mutilated: the main bulk of the antiphonary arrived in Győr, where it was rebound in the nineteenth century by the local archbishop,János Zalka, but numerous fragments ended up in various cities, from Güssing, Bratislava and Kosiče to Alba Iulia and Cluj. The present paper presents one further such fragment, newly found in the binding of a volume reuniting two books by János Lippay, printed in Vienna in 1664 and 1667, and owned in Alba Iulia in 1597.
1476年至1490年间的奥拉迪亚主教约翰·菲利佩克(John Filipec)为他的大教堂捐赠了《反唱诗班》和《渐行渐近》的豪华副本,每本两卷。在1557年到1620年代早期的某个时候,这些书被转移和毁坏:主要的反假书到达Győr,在19世纪被当地大主教János Zalka收回,但许多碎片最终在各个城市结束,从g辛,布拉迪斯拉发和kosi到阿尔巴尤利亚和克鲁日。本论文提出了一个进一步的这样的片段,新发现的装订卷重新由János利佩的两本书,印刷在维也纳1664年和1667年,并拥有在阿尔巴尤利亚在1597年。
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引用次数: 0
Charles de L’ Écluse: Master of Descriptive Botany / Charles de L’ Écluse – « Le prince des descripteurs » Charles de l ' ecluse:描述植物学大师/ Charles de l ' ecluse -“描述王子”
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33993/eb.2019.07
Elena Damian
Charles de l’Écluse (Carolus Clusius, 1526 – 1609) was one of the first and foremost descriptive botanists who turned the description of plants into a true art. He was also responsible for introducing several hitherto unknown plants. Like other Renaissance personalities, he had many scientific interests. He studied law, he earned a doctorate in medicine from Montpellier, but his leading passion was botany. He chiefly focused on plants with medicinal properties in order that people benefited from his research. His best-known works are: Rariorum plantarum historia: Fungorum in Pannoniis observatarum brevia historia…, a remarkable pioneering mycological study containing highly accurate descriptions illustrated by over thousand engravings, in which he attempts at re-classifying the species according to affinities, an in-folio edition published in the Christophe Plantin’s printing house in Anvers in 1601, and Exoticorum libri decem : quibus animaliium, plantarum, aromatum, aliorumque peregrinorum fructuum historiae describuntur, another in folio edition published by the same printer in Anvers in 1605. The two editions of Clusius’s complete works of botany and natural history most often consulted by specialists are also preserved in the collections of the library of the Romanian Academy in Cluj-Napoca. We are proud to posses them and we believe it is not only our duty, but also our pleasure to treasure and introduce them to the public.
查尔斯·德·l ' Écluse (Carolus Clusius, 1526 - 1609)是最早也是最重要的描述植物学家之一,他把对植物的描述变成了一门真正的艺术。他还负责引进几种迄今为止不为人知的植物。像其他文艺复兴时期的人物一样,他对科学有许多兴趣。他学的是法律,在蒙彼利埃获得了医学博士学位,但他最热衷的是植物学。他主要关注具有药用价值的植物,以便人们从他的研究中受益。他最著名的作品是:《植物历史:Pannoniis observatarum brevia historia中的真菌》,这是一项非凡的真菌学研究,包含了一千多幅版画的高度准确的描述,他试图根据亲缘关系重新分类物种,1601年在安弗斯的Christophe Plantin印刷厂出版的对开本,以及《Exoticorum libri decem》。《动物,植物,芳香,植物,果实的历史描述》,另一本1605年由同一印刷商在安弗斯出版的对开本。克卢修斯的植物学和自然历史全集的两个版本也被保存在克卢日纳波卡的罗马尼亚学院图书馆中,专家们经常查阅。我们为拥有它们而感到自豪,我们相信这不仅是我们的责任,也是我们的荣幸,珍惜并向公众介绍它们。
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引用次数: 0
A Source of Inspiration for the 18th Century Iconography of the Wooden Churches of Maramureș: The Triodion. 18世纪马拉穆鲁斯特木制教堂肖像的灵感来源:三角琴。
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33993/eb.2020.10
Dumitrița Daniela Filip
The iconographic program of the wooden churches of Maramureș has a thematic unity although there are many masters who painted the churches throughout the 18th century (and early 19th century). The thematic unity is given by the same sources of inspiration. The following study aims at sheding some light on the influence of the main source of inspiration, the Triodion, on the iconographic program. In my research, I have followed two directions of investigation: the Triodion as a liturgical period of time with a specific theological message (the theology of the Triodion) and the book of Triodion used by the Eastern Church in the aforementiond liturgical time. The printed liturgical book does not only include the hymnography (biblical and theologial themes evoked by the written text), but also the engravings (the illustrations) of the feasts and themes of the Triodion. The masters who painted the wooden churches of Maramureș have transfered both the theology conveyed by the thematic content of the Triodion and the compositional solutions of the engravings into iconography.
尽管在整个18世纪(和19世纪早期)有许多大师绘制了教堂,但马拉穆雷涅木制教堂的肖像程序具有主题统一性。主题的统一性来源于相同的灵感来源。下面的研究旨在揭示主要灵感来源Triodion对图像程序的影响。在我的研究中,我遵循了两个调查方向:Triodion作为一个具有特定神学信息的礼仪时期(Triodion神学)和东方教会在上述礼仪时期使用的Triodion书。印刷的礼仪书不仅包括赞美诗(由书面文本引起的圣经和神学主题),还包括节日和Triodion主题的雕刻(插图)。绘制马拉穆鲁斯特木制教堂的大师们将Triodion主题内容所传达的神学和雕刻的构图解决方案都转移到了肖像学中。
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引用次数: 0
The Restoration of a Hunedoara Noble Family’s Library: the Kenderesi from Sălaşu de Sus Hunedoara贵族家庭图书馆的修复:来自sourla<e:1> de Sus的Kenderesi
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33993/eb.2021.03
Georgeta Deju
The Kenderesi family from Sălaşu de Sus was one of the oldest families of Hunedoara County, with roots in a well-known Romanian family Cânde, from Ţara Haţegului. In 1887, Mihály Kenderesi and his son Ernő, donated their ‘beautiful book collection’ to the Society of History and Archaeology of Hunedoara County. The information appeared in the librarian’s report for 1887 and did not specify the title or number of the books. Thus, a research project began with the aim to identify the books with the notes and signatures of Kenderesi family members, among the documents of the Deva Museum Library. The initial findings were a no. of 21 books, printed in the 16th-19th centuries. After a few years, an archived document on the donation of the books was identified listing 54 positions, representing one periodical and books, some in rare editions. A comparison between the donation list and the inventories of the Deva Museum Library, indicated a no of 15 missing books, whilst the others were identified in The Library. Considering the number of volumes, their age, topic or the notes preserved on the pages of the books, the Kenderesi family donation that entered the collections of the Deva Museum Library in 1887 is significant for the region of Hunedoara and enriches the actual image of the bibliophile heritage.
来自sourlaudu de Sus的Kenderesi家族是Hunedoara县最古老的家族之一,起源于一个著名的罗马尼亚家族 nde,来自Ţara Haţegului。在1887年,Mihály Kenderesi和他的儿子ernzao将他们的“美丽的藏书”捐赠给了Hunedoara县的历史和考古协会。这些信息出现在1887年图书管理员的报告中,但没有具体说明图书的标题或数量。因此,一个研究项目开始了,目的是在Deva博物馆图书馆的文件中识别带有Kenderesi家庭成员的笔记和签名的书籍。最初的调查结果是否定的。在16 -19世纪印刷的21本书中。几年后,一份关于捐赠书籍的档案文件被确认,列出了54个职位,代表一份期刊和书籍,其中一些是珍本。将捐赠清单与德瓦博物馆图书馆的清单进行比较,发现有15本书不见了,而其他的书则在图书馆中找到了。考虑到书的数量,它们的年龄,主题或书页上保存的注释,Kenderesi家族捐赠于1887年进入了Deva博物馆图书馆的收藏,对Hunedoara地区来说意义重大,丰富了藏书家遗产的实际形象。
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引用次数: 0
Poema et Stemma Principis Ioannis Mattei Bassarabæ: A Possible Source of Romanian Heraldic Terminology? 诗歌和系统原理Ioannis Mattei Bassarabæ:罗马尼亚纹章术语的可能来源?
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33993/eb.2020.09
Alexandru-Daniel Piticari
The first poem dedicated to the coat of arms of the country was written by Udriște Năsturel (a Romanian scholar and prince Matei Basarab’s brother-in-law). The poem is part of the Slavonic Euchologion of 1635, which was issued on the printing press brought by Matei Basarab from the Ukrainian area and set up in Câmpulung-Muscel. Udriște Năsturel composed the versified emblazonment based on a coat of arms identical to the armorial bearing found in The Nomocanon from Govora (1640) and in the Gospel with Teachings (1644). The author used personification to describe the coat of arms in verses. For the first time in the history of Romanian heraldry and old Romanian literature, he used a series of terms that one could name “heraldic”. Whilst Udriște Năsturel’s work demanded the mundane attention of his readers, as Dan Cernovodeanu considered, it also set a precedent. Thus, many chroniclers and writers from Wallachia and Moldavia of the 17th - 19th centuries would follow his pattern and would compose their own poetry dedicated to coats of arms.
第一首献给国家国徽的诗是由Udriște n sturel(一位罗马尼亚学者,也是马泰·巴萨拉布王子的姐夫)所写。这首诗是1635年《斯拉夫语赞歌》的一部分,由Matei Basarab从乌克兰地区带来的印刷机发行,并在普卢隆-马塞尔建立。Udriște n斯特雷尔根据一种纹章创作了这一纹章,与《来自戈沃拉的Nomocanon》(1640年)和《带教义的福音》(1644年)中的纹章相同。作者在诗中用拟人化的手法来描写盾徽。在罗马尼亚纹章学和古罗马尼亚文学的历史上,他第一次使用了一系列可以称为“纹章学”的术语。虽然Udriște n sturel的作品需要他的读者的世俗的注意力,但正如Dan Cernovodeanu所认为的那样,它也开创了一个先例。因此,许多17 - 19世纪的瓦拉几亚和摩尔达维亚的编年史家和作家会遵循他的模式,创作他们自己的诗歌,献给盾形纹章。
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引用次数: 0
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