Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/15289168.2022.2127625
Bryan Blum, G. Goodman, C. Rentrop, Norka T. Malberg, Palakrajiv Agrawal
ABSTRACT While gender and attachment quality have been related to trauma symptomatology in young adolescents, another factor possibly related to trauma symptoms is quality of mental representations of close relationships. In this study, 109 eighth grade students ages 12–13 (44% female) were recruited from a private middle school for academically advantaged, ethnically diverse students over the course of four years, with each new group of participants providing data in the fall semester of their eighth grade year. Participants reported trauma symptoms and the affective valence of their mental representations of self and parents; school staff reported on participants’ attachment patterns. Significant negative correlations existed between preoccupied attachment and affective valence of parental and self mental representations as well as significant positive correlations between incoherent/disorganized and preoccupied attachment, respectively, and childhood trauma symptoms. Overall, incoherent/disorganized attachment predicted avoidance and hyperarousal symptoms, while preoccupied attachment predicted reexperiencing symptoms. For girls, incoherent/disorganized attachment and negative affective valence of self mental representations were both predictive of childhood trauma symptoms, while preoccupied attachment predicted reexperiencing symptoms. These results indicate that therapists must take into account the quality of both attachment and mental representations for middle schoolers when treating childhood trauma symptoms.
{"title":"Gender, Attachment Patterns, and Mental Representations of Parents and Self as Predictors of Young Adolescents’ Trauma Symptoms","authors":"Bryan Blum, G. Goodman, C. Rentrop, Norka T. Malberg, Palakrajiv Agrawal","doi":"10.1080/15289168.2022.2127625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15289168.2022.2127625","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT While gender and attachment quality have been related to trauma symptomatology in young adolescents, another factor possibly related to trauma symptoms is quality of mental representations of close relationships. In this study, 109 eighth grade students ages 12–13 (44% female) were recruited from a private middle school for academically advantaged, ethnically diverse students over the course of four years, with each new group of participants providing data in the fall semester of their eighth grade year. Participants reported trauma symptoms and the affective valence of their mental representations of self and parents; school staff reported on participants’ attachment patterns. Significant negative correlations existed between preoccupied attachment and affective valence of parental and self mental representations as well as significant positive correlations between incoherent/disorganized and preoccupied attachment, respectively, and childhood trauma symptoms. Overall, incoherent/disorganized attachment predicted avoidance and hyperarousal symptoms, while preoccupied attachment predicted reexperiencing symptoms. For girls, incoherent/disorganized attachment and negative affective valence of self mental representations were both predictive of childhood trauma symptoms, while preoccupied attachment predicted reexperiencing symptoms. These results indicate that therapists must take into account the quality of both attachment and mental representations for middle schoolers when treating childhood trauma symptoms.","PeriodicalId":38107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychotherapy","volume":"37 1","pages":"309 - 324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77838830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-15DOI: 10.1080/15289168.2022.2095246
M. Levy-Warren
ABSTRACT This article suggests that supervision is potentially a multi-dimensional developmental space for both the supervisee and the supervisor. It demonstrates how this occurs through a case study of a personal supervisory experience early in the author’s career. There are examples of multiple transference/counter-transference interactions between patient and clinician, supervisee and supervisor, and supervisor and patient. Attention is paid to the experience of lying in the supervision and in development, in general. The author concludes with a description of an orientation toward supervising that attempts to create a developmental space.
{"title":"The Supervisory Dyad: Creating a Developmental Space","authors":"M. Levy-Warren","doi":"10.1080/15289168.2022.2095246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15289168.2022.2095246","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article suggests that supervision is potentially a multi-dimensional developmental space for both the supervisee and the supervisor. It demonstrates how this occurs through a case study of a personal supervisory experience early in the author’s career. There are examples of multiple transference/counter-transference interactions between patient and clinician, supervisee and supervisor, and supervisor and patient. Attention is paid to the experience of lying in the supervision and in development, in general. The author concludes with a description of an orientation toward supervising that attempts to create a developmental space.","PeriodicalId":38107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychotherapy","volume":"1 1","pages":"341 - 348"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89734251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/15289168.2022.2095814
Ionas Sapountzis
Working with refugee children and their families presents formidable challenges to therapists as children who are fleeing the atrocities of war or the perils of a traumatizing and persecuting environment present with a host of emotional and somatic reactions including panic attacks, flashbacks and dissociation (Trowell, 2008). The violence these children have witnessed or been subjected to and the losses they have sustained have obliterated their sense of safety in the world. Adding to the trauma they experienced in their home countries that led to them fleeing from home are the traumas many of them experience during the relocation. These traumas can include witnessing the death of family members or of other individuals who are fleeing with them, being subjected to sexual violence and kidnapping, being forced to perform free or low-cost labor, recruitment for sex trafficking and enlistment in gangs (DeHoff et al., 2017; Kaplin et al., 2019). Other dangers include lack of food, being exposed to the elements, traveling long distances under highly unsafe conditions and facing health risks (Clauss-Ehlers, 2019). Trauma can also occur in the dangerous, unsanitary and overcrowded refugee camps where the children have to wait for months for their cases to be processed. As Montgomery (1998) reported in a large study with refugees from the Middle East, the most frequent incidents of violence occurred when children lived in refugee camps outside the home country. Many children continue to be traumatized even after being admitted to the host country, as they find themselves having to adjust to a very different and hostile culture with limited support. All this occurs while they are experiencing what Papadopoulos (2008) calls the “inexplicable gap” (p. 18), which is the loss of a sense of continuity and belonging they were not aware they had. In her paper, Dr. Franco gives a painful account of the case of Maria, a seventeen-year-old adolescent who experienced emotional neglect and abandonment as well as sexual, physical and emotional abuse from early on. To protect the confidentiality of an adolescent like Maria and also, out of respect for the kind of traumas such an adolescent has endured, the case of Maria is not an actual case but a composite one that is derived from the vast experiences Dr. Franco has had in working with traumatized children and adolescents. In serving as an evaluator and a supervisor at the Asylum Project of Adelphi University I have come across the cases of several children and adolescents who have experienced the kind of unfathomable experiences that Dr. Franco presents in the case of Maria. It is impossible when reading about such a case not to feel rage at what happened to her and at all she had to face and not to wonder how thirty sessions could be of any help to her. Maria’s history is marked by sexual violence and also by an ongoing absence. She is a girl who was abandoned at a young age by her mother and was left in the care of
{"title":"Reflections on Trauma Systems Therapy for Refugees (TST-R): A Commentary on Dr. Franco’s Paper","authors":"Ionas Sapountzis","doi":"10.1080/15289168.2022.2095814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15289168.2022.2095814","url":null,"abstract":"Working with refugee children and their families presents formidable challenges to therapists as children who are fleeing the atrocities of war or the perils of a traumatizing and persecuting environment present with a host of emotional and somatic reactions including panic attacks, flashbacks and dissociation (Trowell, 2008). The violence these children have witnessed or been subjected to and the losses they have sustained have obliterated their sense of safety in the world. Adding to the trauma they experienced in their home countries that led to them fleeing from home are the traumas many of them experience during the relocation. These traumas can include witnessing the death of family members or of other individuals who are fleeing with them, being subjected to sexual violence and kidnapping, being forced to perform free or low-cost labor, recruitment for sex trafficking and enlistment in gangs (DeHoff et al., 2017; Kaplin et al., 2019). Other dangers include lack of food, being exposed to the elements, traveling long distances under highly unsafe conditions and facing health risks (Clauss-Ehlers, 2019). Trauma can also occur in the dangerous, unsanitary and overcrowded refugee camps where the children have to wait for months for their cases to be processed. As Montgomery (1998) reported in a large study with refugees from the Middle East, the most frequent incidents of violence occurred when children lived in refugee camps outside the home country. Many children continue to be traumatized even after being admitted to the host country, as they find themselves having to adjust to a very different and hostile culture with limited support. All this occurs while they are experiencing what Papadopoulos (2008) calls the “inexplicable gap” (p. 18), which is the loss of a sense of continuity and belonging they were not aware they had. In her paper, Dr. Franco gives a painful account of the case of Maria, a seventeen-year-old adolescent who experienced emotional neglect and abandonment as well as sexual, physical and emotional abuse from early on. To protect the confidentiality of an adolescent like Maria and also, out of respect for the kind of traumas such an adolescent has endured, the case of Maria is not an actual case but a composite one that is derived from the vast experiences Dr. Franco has had in working with traumatized children and adolescents. In serving as an evaluator and a supervisor at the Asylum Project of Adelphi University I have come across the cases of several children and adolescents who have experienced the kind of unfathomable experiences that Dr. Franco presents in the case of Maria. It is impossible when reading about such a case not to feel rage at what happened to her and at all she had to face and not to wonder how thirty sessions could be of any help to her. Maria’s history is marked by sexual violence and also by an ongoing absence. She is a girl who was abandoned at a young age by her mother and was left in the care of","PeriodicalId":38107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychotherapy","volume":"3 1","pages":"270 - 274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90086207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/15289168.2022.2091325
Hisako Watanabe
Dr. Mallouh’s paper beautifully depicts the tumultuous process of transition into motherhood with Dr. Mallouh’s sensitive interventions. As Fraiberg (Fraiberg et al., 1983) mentions in her paper on treatment modalities, multiple components of interaction construct a live intervention: brief crisis intervention, developmental guidance, and representation-oriented Infant-Parent Psychotherapy (IPP). Dr. Mallouh sensitively applies each intervention, according to the moment-to-moment need of the mother in the therapeutic sessions. In doing so, she had to tolerate and contain a great deal of emotional turbulence and upheaval. This way of being in her intervention was felt as vigilant and intuitive, demonstrating a total commitment to protect and prevent her unstable patients from collapsing into mental breakdown.
马洛博士的论文用他敏锐的干预手法，漂亮地描绘了向母亲过渡的动荡过程。正如Fraiberg (Fraiberg et al.， 1983)在她关于治疗模式的论文中提到的，互动的多个组成部分构建了一个现场干预:短暂的危机干预、发展指导和代表导向的婴儿-父母心理治疗(IPP)。马洛医生根据母亲在治疗过程中每一刻的需要，敏感地应用每一种干预措施。在这样做的过程中，她不得不容忍和控制大量的情绪动荡和动荡。在她的干预中，这种方式被认为是警惕和直觉的，表明了她完全致力于保护和防止她不稳定的病人崩溃成精神崩溃。
{"title":"Discussion of Dr Mallouh’s Presentation, “Primary Maternal Preoccupation: Disturbance in Pregnancy and the Postpartum”","authors":"Hisako Watanabe","doi":"10.1080/15289168.2022.2091325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15289168.2022.2091325","url":null,"abstract":"Dr. Mallouh’s paper beautifully depicts the tumultuous process of transition into motherhood with Dr. Mallouh’s sensitive interventions. As Fraiberg (Fraiberg et al., 1983) mentions in her paper on treatment modalities, multiple components of interaction construct a live intervention: brief crisis intervention, developmental guidance, and representation-oriented Infant-Parent Psychotherapy (IPP). Dr. Mallouh sensitively applies each intervention, according to the moment-to-moment need of the mother in the therapeutic sessions. In doing so, she had to tolerate and contain a great deal of emotional turbulence and upheaval. This way of being in her intervention was felt as vigilant and intuitive, demonstrating a total commitment to protect and prevent her unstable patients from collapsing into mental breakdown.","PeriodicalId":38107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychotherapy","volume":"107 1","pages":"288 - 289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85997137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/15289168.2022.2094674
Fabiana Franco
ABSTRACT Many migrant children experience abuse and neglect in their home country, abuse during their migration journey, and cultural dislocation in their final destination. It has been well documented that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) such as those experienced by migrant children can lead to long-term physical and psychological negative effects including the development of complex trauma (C-PTSD). Using a composite of similar cases treated by the author, Maria, a Mexican refugee, is presented in order to explore treatment options for refugee children and the challenges involved in treating this population. We demonstrate how Trauma Systems Therapy for Refugees (TST-R) can be used to treat C-PTSD in migrant children. We also discuss using art therapy, role-playing, psychodynamic psychotherapy, narrative exposure therapy and psychoeducation in an environment that takes into account the cultural background of the child’s country of origin how to approach the time limited treatment that is sometimes necessary when working with refugees.
{"title":"Recognizing and Treating Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Refugee Children","authors":"Fabiana Franco","doi":"10.1080/15289168.2022.2094674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15289168.2022.2094674","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Many migrant children experience abuse and neglect in their home country, abuse during their migration journey, and cultural dislocation in their final destination. It has been well documented that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) such as those experienced by migrant children can lead to long-term physical and psychological negative effects including the development of complex trauma (C-PTSD). Using a composite of similar cases treated by the author, Maria, a Mexican refugee, is presented in order to explore treatment options for refugee children and the challenges involved in treating this population. We demonstrate how Trauma Systems Therapy for Refugees (TST-R) can be used to treat C-PTSD in migrant children. We also discuss using art therapy, role-playing, psychodynamic psychotherapy, narrative exposure therapy and psychoeducation in an environment that takes into account the cultural background of the child’s country of origin how to approach the time limited treatment that is sometimes necessary when working with refugees.","PeriodicalId":38107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychotherapy","volume":"61 1","pages":"262 - 269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87042573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/15289168.2022.2091324
A. Alvarez
{"title":"The Idea of Primary Maternal Preoccupation and the Implications for Therapeutic Technique","authors":"A. Alvarez","doi":"10.1080/15289168.2022.2091324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15289168.2022.2091324","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychotherapy","volume":"42 1","pages":"281 - 283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81931250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/15289168.2022.2094608
F. Cappelen, E. Stänicke
ABSTRACT The theory of mentalization is about development of thinking about self, others, feelings, thoughts, and intentions, and how this thinking develops in the context of attachment relationship. The model describes how mentalization develops during childhood in stages from concrete undifferentiated thinking (teleological mode and psychic equivalence mode) to phantasy, creative thinking in pretend mode before integrating into mature affective mentalization. A long linage of clinicians has worked on the premise that through children’s play a more mature way of thinking and functioning can develop. In this article, we suggest, as many others have, that the stage of pretend mode is of special interest for psychotherapists, yet it has also been presented in MBT as a defensive mode. However, as child therapists we have experienced that pretend functioning through play has the potential for development and change. We argue that a differentiation of pretend mode into a transitional pretend mode, influenced by Winnicott’s term transitional space, and a defensive pretend mode could be clinically meaningful. We think this is a differentiation that could technically aid therapists. We propose that the quality of the relationship between therapist and patient provides information to discern the sort of pretend-state the child is in during therapeutic work. A way of grasping the quality of the relationship is through focusing on if there is a joint attention, how regulated the affect in the child and therapist is, and finally the symbolic meaningfulness the play holds, and if it has the potential to be mentalized.
{"title":"Playing with Reality or Playing outside Reality: Transitional and Defensive Pretend Mode in Therapy with Children","authors":"F. Cappelen, E. Stänicke","doi":"10.1080/15289168.2022.2094608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15289168.2022.2094608","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The theory of mentalization is about development of thinking about self, others, feelings, thoughts, and intentions, and how this thinking develops in the context of attachment relationship. The model describes how mentalization develops during childhood in stages from concrete undifferentiated thinking (teleological mode and psychic equivalence mode) to phantasy, creative thinking in pretend mode before integrating into mature affective mentalization. A long linage of clinicians has worked on the premise that through children’s play a more mature way of thinking and functioning can develop. In this article, we suggest, as many others have, that the stage of pretend mode is of special interest for psychotherapists, yet it has also been presented in MBT as a defensive mode. However, as child therapists we have experienced that pretend functioning through play has the potential for development and change. We argue that a differentiation of pretend mode into a transitional pretend mode, influenced by Winnicott’s term transitional space, and a defensive pretend mode could be clinically meaningful. We think this is a differentiation that could technically aid therapists. We propose that the quality of the relationship between therapist and patient provides information to discern the sort of pretend-state the child is in during therapeutic work. A way of grasping the quality of the relationship is through focusing on if there is a joint attention, how regulated the affect in the child and therapist is, and finally the symbolic meaningfulness the play holds, and if it has the potential to be mentalized.","PeriodicalId":38107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychotherapy","volume":"107 1","pages":"217 - 224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85650394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/15289168.2022.2091319
F. Thomson-Salo
therapeutic interventions it is to a discussant. I say something briefly about analytic therapy, in particular with Mallouh’s patient, Ms D, and to the concept of primary maternal preoccupation. I think that what Mallouh describes so beautifully are “moments of meeting” in a mother’s contact with an empathic therapist and she also conveys so clearly how the therapist’s countertransference can be agonizing. Dr Mallouh is also real in her therapeutic presence and suggests actions or points others ways to forward development. She is knowledge and experience, and it is not just reassurance that has become false because one’s is but is the therapist intuiting a possible future, so that it and a mother can from it. The therapist had a space for the to feel she her supportive way, rather than the her, so in the nursery” did not need to have a major effect on the developing infant-mother relationship.
{"title":"Discussion of Dr Mallouh’s Presentation, Primary Maternal Preoccupation: Disturbance in Pregnancy and the Postpartum","authors":"F. Thomson-Salo","doi":"10.1080/15289168.2022.2091319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15289168.2022.2091319","url":null,"abstract":"therapeutic interventions it is to a discussant. I say something briefly about analytic therapy, in particular with Mallouh’s patient, Ms D, and to the concept of primary maternal preoccupation. I think that what Mallouh describes so beautifully are “moments of meeting” in a mother’s contact with an empathic therapist and she also conveys so clearly how the therapist’s countertransference can be agonizing. Dr Mallouh is also real in her therapeutic presence and suggests actions or points others ways to forward development. She is knowledge and experience, and it is not just reassurance that has become false because one’s is but is the therapist intuiting a possible future, so that it and a mother can from it. The therapist had a space for the to feel she her supportive way, rather than the her, so in the nursery” did not need to have a major effect on the developing infant-mother relationship.","PeriodicalId":38107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychotherapy","volume":"1 1","pages":"284 - 287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82119157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/15289168.2022.2096952
S. Seligman
Catherine Mallouh’s paper (2022) and the commentaries by Alvarez (2022), Thomson-Salo (2022) and Watanabe (2022) show us the special fluidity, porosity and self-righting tendencies of the infant-parent system in early human development. The baby can be sensitive to inklings of change in the mother, and then responds congenially, so as to recognize and amplify them. This in turn supports the mother’s change process, mobilizing capacities for progressive development in her that were previously inacces-sible. When the baby responds positively – even enthusiastically – to such movement, his own development is enhanced. A virtuous cycle can ensue, as we see in Mallouh’s case. Often, this extends to the rest of the immediate family – other caregivers and parents, siblings, extended family members and wider circles in the neighborhood and the worlds of work and recreation. In the “ideal case,” the damaging potentials of the repetition of the agonizing past are supplanted by the natural potentials for progressive development, to the extent possible.
{"title":"Afterword: Therapeutic Action in Infant Mental Health","authors":"S. Seligman","doi":"10.1080/15289168.2022.2096952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15289168.2022.2096952","url":null,"abstract":"Catherine Mallouh’s paper (2022) and the commentaries by Alvarez (2022), Thomson-Salo (2022) and Watanabe (2022) show us the special fluidity, porosity and self-righting tendencies of the infant-parent system in early human development. The baby can be sensitive to inklings of change in the mother, and then responds congenially, so as to recognize and amplify them. This in turn supports the mother’s change process, mobilizing capacities for progressive development in her that were previously inacces-sible. When the baby responds positively – even enthusiastically – to such movement, his own development is enhanced. A virtuous cycle can ensue, as we see in Mallouh’s case. Often, this extends to the rest of the immediate family – other caregivers and parents, siblings, extended family members and wider circles in the neighborhood and the worlds of work and recreation. In the “ideal case,” the damaging potentials of the repetition of the agonizing past are supplanted by the natural potentials for progressive development, to the extent possible.","PeriodicalId":38107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychotherapy","volume":"18 1","pages":"290 - 291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81727564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/15289168.2022.2103632
V. R. R. Ramires, A. A. da Costa, Eduardo Brusius Brenner, Gabriela Dionísio Ffner, Guilherme Pacheco Fiorini
ABSTRACT There is a growing evidence-base that suggests the effectiveness of the psychodynamic therapies for children, but the mechanisms by which the results are achieved still demand clarification. This study aimed to analyze the role of specific and common factors in the process of psychodynamic psychotherapy for school-age children and their association with psychotherapies outcomes. A longitudinal, repeated-measures design, based on the systematic case-study method was adopted. 204 sessions from four child psychotherapies were analyzed in terms of the therapists’ techniques, the therapeutic alliance, the use of the reflective functioning approach and the role of the symbolic play in the sessions. The outcomes were assessed based on mothers’ reports about children’s symptomatic improvement. Correlational, discriminant and regression analyses were used to examine the associations and the role of each factor in those therapeutic processes. The results indicated that the use of psychodynamic techniques and a stronger therapeutic alliance impacted more significantly the symptomatic improvement. The factor that presented more changes over time was the therapeutic alliance, increasing in two cases and decreasing in one of them, which did not show clinically significant symptomatic improvement. Common and specific factors walked together in these treatments, and both were important to produce clinically significant improvements.
{"title":"The Role of Common and Specific Factors in Child Psychodynamic Psychotherapy: A Grouped Cases Study","authors":"V. R. R. Ramires, A. A. da Costa, Eduardo Brusius Brenner, Gabriela Dionísio Ffner, Guilherme Pacheco Fiorini","doi":"10.1080/15289168.2022.2103632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15289168.2022.2103632","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT There is a growing evidence-base that suggests the effectiveness of the psychodynamic therapies for children, but the mechanisms by which the results are achieved still demand clarification. This study aimed to analyze the role of specific and common factors in the process of psychodynamic psychotherapy for school-age children and their association with psychotherapies outcomes. A longitudinal, repeated-measures design, based on the systematic case-study method was adopted. 204 sessions from four child psychotherapies were analyzed in terms of the therapists’ techniques, the therapeutic alliance, the use of the reflective functioning approach and the role of the symbolic play in the sessions. The outcomes were assessed based on mothers’ reports about children’s symptomatic improvement. Correlational, discriminant and regression analyses were used to examine the associations and the role of each factor in those therapeutic processes. The results indicated that the use of psychodynamic techniques and a stronger therapeutic alliance impacted more significantly the symptomatic improvement. The factor that presented more changes over time was the therapeutic alliance, increasing in two cases and decreasing in one of them, which did not show clinically significant symptomatic improvement. Common and specific factors walked together in these treatments, and both were important to produce clinically significant improvements.","PeriodicalId":38107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychotherapy","volume":"2 1","pages":"225 - 238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84942940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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