Ivana Zubak Čižmek, Sanja Stipić, Hrvoje Čižmek, Melita Mokos
Abstract Marine Protected Areas and other managed marine sites are designated to improve the status of coastal fish assemblages and protect valuable habitats. The implementation of management practices relies on data collected through monitoring activities. The monitoring of fish assemblages using the standard non-destructive methods requires significant financial resources and time. A new approach to monitoring fish assemblages in the coastal waters was recently implemented in the Mediterranean – Fish Assemblage Survey Technique (FAST). It is based on Citizen Science where trained volunteer divers collect the data following a pre-established protocol. Considering the differences in species presence/absence and their sizes between the Mediterranean and the Adriatic Sea, a modification of the method was necessary. This study presents 23 main fish species and four ‘joker’ species selected for the Croatian FAST list and their respective sizes that will be considered Large (>2/3 of the total size) for implementing the method in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea.
{"title":"Fast, Not Furious - Adaptation of the Species List and Fish Size Classes for Fish Assemblage Survey Technique (FAST) for the Adriatic Sea","authors":"Ivana Zubak Čižmek, Sanja Stipić, Hrvoje Čižmek, Melita Mokos","doi":"10.2478/cjf-2020-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cjf-2020-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Marine Protected Areas and other managed marine sites are designated to improve the status of coastal fish assemblages and protect valuable habitats. The implementation of management practices relies on data collected through monitoring activities. The monitoring of fish assemblages using the standard non-destructive methods requires significant financial resources and time. A new approach to monitoring fish assemblages in the coastal waters was recently implemented in the Mediterranean – Fish Assemblage Survey Technique (FAST). It is based on Citizen Science where trained volunteer divers collect the data following a pre-established protocol. Considering the differences in species presence/absence and their sizes between the Mediterranean and the Adriatic Sea, a modification of the method was necessary. This study presents 23 main fish species and four ‘joker’ species selected for the Croatian FAST list and their respective sizes that will be considered Large (>2/3 of the total size) for implementing the method in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea.","PeriodicalId":38161,"journal":{"name":"Ribarstvo, Croatian Journal of Fisheries","volume":"78 1","pages":"195 - 202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46241569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Evaluation of histamine levels at various stages of manufacturing fish meal made from European pilchard Sardina pilchardus by-products was conducted on two batches which are distinguished by the quality of raw materials expressed through total volatile basic nitrogen (TVBN) content. The goal was also to assess the impact of the reuse of the concentrated stickwater, the liquid from the pressing process of fish meal. The results revealed that the level of raw material deterioration influenced the level of histamine in the finished product. When the freshness of the raw material is acceptable (TVBN content: 30 mg/100 g), histamine contents recorded in the finished product remain clearly below the limit value of 500 ppm. In this case, incorporation of concentrated stickwater into press cake before drying did not affect the concentration of histamine accumulated in the finished product. When the raw material was spoiled (TVBN content: 120 mg/100 g), the recorded histamine content was twice the limit value (975.1 ± 33.9 ppm).
{"title":"Evaluation of Histamine Contents during the Fish Meal Production Process","authors":"Hicham Mih, A. Lacherai","doi":"10.2478/cjf-2020-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cjf-2020-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Evaluation of histamine levels at various stages of manufacturing fish meal made from European pilchard Sardina pilchardus by-products was conducted on two batches which are distinguished by the quality of raw materials expressed through total volatile basic nitrogen (TVBN) content. The goal was also to assess the impact of the reuse of the concentrated stickwater, the liquid from the pressing process of fish meal. The results revealed that the level of raw material deterioration influenced the level of histamine in the finished product. When the freshness of the raw material is acceptable (TVBN content: 30 mg/100 g), histamine contents recorded in the finished product remain clearly below the limit value of 500 ppm. In this case, incorporation of concentrated stickwater into press cake before drying did not affect the concentration of histamine accumulated in the finished product. When the raw material was spoiled (TVBN content: 120 mg/100 g), the recorded histamine content was twice the limit value (975.1 ± 33.9 ppm).","PeriodicalId":38161,"journal":{"name":"Ribarstvo, Croatian Journal of Fisheries","volume":"78 1","pages":"203 - 209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45673586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Zorica, V. Č. Keč, Vedran Vuletin, Marin Mihanović
Abstract Pelagic fisheries in the area of the eastern part of the Adriatic Sea, more precisely in the Croatian fishing grounds, are one of the most important types of fisheries in Croatia. In this paper, the quantitative and qualitative structure of catches obtained by the „ciplara“ purse seine in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea was analysed between 2013 and 2018. According to the data collected, the largest catches by this fishing gear were made in the coastal area, precisely in the fishing zones/sub-zones A/A4, E/E2, F/F2, C/C4 and G/G1. 70% of the catches consisted of targeted species, which indicates that the studied „ciplara“ purse seine is a selective fishing gear. Biological analyses are given for four target species.
{"title":"Qualitative-Quantitative Analysis of the „Ciplara“ Purse Seine Catches in the Adriatic Sea","authors":"B. Zorica, V. Č. Keč, Vedran Vuletin, Marin Mihanović","doi":"10.2478/cjf-2020-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cjf-2020-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Pelagic fisheries in the area of the eastern part of the Adriatic Sea, more precisely in the Croatian fishing grounds, are one of the most important types of fisheries in Croatia. In this paper, the quantitative and qualitative structure of catches obtained by the „ciplara“ purse seine in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea was analysed between 2013 and 2018. According to the data collected, the largest catches by this fishing gear were made in the coastal area, precisely in the fishing zones/sub-zones A/A4, E/E2, F/F2, C/C4 and G/G1. 70% of the catches consisted of targeted species, which indicates that the studied „ciplara“ purse seine is a selective fishing gear. Biological analyses are given for four target species.","PeriodicalId":38161,"journal":{"name":"Ribarstvo, Croatian Journal of Fisheries","volume":"78 1","pages":"165 - 172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44957060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Stroil, M. Stanić, Abdurahim Kalajdžić, N. Pojskić
Abstract The most commonly farmed fish species in Bosnia and Herzegovina’s aquaculture are from the family Salmonidae, including brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis which is reared both for consumption and stocking purposes. A number of farmers complained about the elevated frequency of anatomical deformities in the smolts and fingerlings of brook trout, decreasing their fitness rate and causing significant financial loss. Since it has been shown that occurrence of deformities is correlated with the low genetic diversity and high inbreeding, this study aimed to assess intra- and interpopulation diversity of Salvelinus fontinalis from different freshwater fish farms in Bosnia and Herzegovina by observing variation in mitochondrial and nuclear genome. Total of 109 samples of brook trout from three hatcheries located at the Neretva River were analyzed for the mitochondrial control region and seven nuclear microsatellite loci. Both PCR-RFLP and sequencing revealed only one haplotype of the control region in all investigated trout. Overall, a low number of genotypes was evident across all the observed loci. Values of genetic diversity and polymorphic information content followed the increase in the number of alleles per locus. In general, values of inbreeding coefficient were generally very high, while the genetic diversity and observed heterozygosity had low rates. The results of our study are congruent with the findings of previous studies in which developmental deformities were concomitant with the low genetic diversity and inbreeding depression. It is, therefore, strongly advised to regularly supplement the broodstock with new, unrelated individuals, as it is of vital importance for sustaining a satisfying level of genetic diversity and preventing inbreeding depression. Additionally, maintaining good management practices regarding the fluctuation of water temperature, exposure to pollution, nutrition, etc., will further contribute to the prevention of this detrimental condition.
{"title":"Genetic Characteristics of Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill, 1848) Broodstocks from Hatcheries in Bosnia and Herzegovina","authors":"B. Stroil, M. Stanić, Abdurahim Kalajdžić, N. Pojskić","doi":"10.2478/cjf-2020-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cjf-2020-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The most commonly farmed fish species in Bosnia and Herzegovina’s aquaculture are from the family Salmonidae, including brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis which is reared both for consumption and stocking purposes. A number of farmers complained about the elevated frequency of anatomical deformities in the smolts and fingerlings of brook trout, decreasing their fitness rate and causing significant financial loss. Since it has been shown that occurrence of deformities is correlated with the low genetic diversity and high inbreeding, this study aimed to assess intra- and interpopulation diversity of Salvelinus fontinalis from different freshwater fish farms in Bosnia and Herzegovina by observing variation in mitochondrial and nuclear genome. Total of 109 samples of brook trout from three hatcheries located at the Neretva River were analyzed for the mitochondrial control region and seven nuclear microsatellite loci. Both PCR-RFLP and sequencing revealed only one haplotype of the control region in all investigated trout. Overall, a low number of genotypes was evident across all the observed loci. Values of genetic diversity and polymorphic information content followed the increase in the number of alleles per locus. In general, values of inbreeding coefficient were generally very high, while the genetic diversity and observed heterozygosity had low rates. The results of our study are congruent with the findings of previous studies in which developmental deformities were concomitant with the low genetic diversity and inbreeding depression. It is, therefore, strongly advised to regularly supplement the broodstock with new, unrelated individuals, as it is of vital importance for sustaining a satisfying level of genetic diversity and preventing inbreeding depression. Additionally, maintaining good management practices regarding the fluctuation of water temperature, exposure to pollution, nutrition, etc., will further contribute to the prevention of this detrimental condition.","PeriodicalId":38161,"journal":{"name":"Ribarstvo, Croatian Journal of Fisheries","volume":"78 1","pages":"183 - 194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41533715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The physico-chemical parameters, plankton and macro-benthic invertebrates of the Lagos Lagoon (Badore, Ajah), Lagos State, Nigeria were studied between February and July 2018 at four sampling stations in a disparate range of human activities and impact. The result of phytoplankton analysis indicated a total of 56 genera with 40 genera within Bacillariophyta, accounting for 72% of the abundance. Zooplankton comprised 26 genera with 82% of the abundance of crustacea. The benthic macroinvertebrates were composed of mollusca, arthropoda and annelida. Results also indicated that the main drivers affecting the abundance and distribution of planktonic and benthic invertebrates were water temperature, pH, TDS and EC. The monthly variations of physico-chemical parameters in the Lagoon could be the result of human activities associated with transportation, fishing and domestic sewage disposal from the surrounding settlements. Therefore, it is necessary that relevant authorities keep in check some of these activities around the Lagoon as well as educate the population on the necessity for the conservation of these water resources.
{"title":"Anthropogenic Impact on Plankton and Benthos Assemblage in the Lagos Lagoon, Nigeria","authors":"A. Ugwumba, I. K. Esenowo","doi":"10.2478/cjf-2020-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cjf-2020-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The physico-chemical parameters, plankton and macro-benthic invertebrates of the Lagos Lagoon (Badore, Ajah), Lagos State, Nigeria were studied between February and July 2018 at four sampling stations in a disparate range of human activities and impact. The result of phytoplankton analysis indicated a total of 56 genera with 40 genera within Bacillariophyta, accounting for 72% of the abundance. Zooplankton comprised 26 genera with 82% of the abundance of crustacea. The benthic macroinvertebrates were composed of mollusca, arthropoda and annelida. Results also indicated that the main drivers affecting the abundance and distribution of planktonic and benthic invertebrates were water temperature, pH, TDS and EC. The monthly variations of physico-chemical parameters in the Lagoon could be the result of human activities associated with transportation, fishing and domestic sewage disposal from the surrounding settlements. Therefore, it is necessary that relevant authorities keep in check some of these activities around the Lagoon as well as educate the population on the necessity for the conservation of these water resources.","PeriodicalId":38161,"journal":{"name":"Ribarstvo, Croatian Journal of Fisheries","volume":"78 1","pages":"173 - 182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48894368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The feeding ecology of Pachypterus atherinoides was investigated for two consecutive years (2013-2015) from floodplain wetlands in the Subansiri river basin of Assam, North East India. The analysis of its gut content revealed the presence of 62 genera of planktonic life forms along with other animal matters. The organization of the alimentary tract and maximum Relative Mean Length of Gut (0.511±0.029 mm) indicated its carnivorous food habit. The peak gastro-somatic index (GSI) in winter-spring seasons and summer-rainy seasons indicated alteration of its feeding intensity. Furthermore, higher diet breadth on resource use (Levins’ and Hurlbert’s) with zooplankton compared to phytoplankton and total plankton confirmed its zooplanktivore habit. The feeding strategy plots also suggested greater preference to zooplankton compared to phytoplankton. The organization of its gill rakers specified a secondary modification of gut towards either carnivory or specialized zooplanktivory. So, the fish may be a carni-omnivore with preference to zooplankton.
{"title":"Feeding Ecology of Pachypterus atherinoides (Actinopterygii; Siluriformes; Schilbeidae): A Small Freshwater Fish from Floodplain Wetlands of Northeast India","authors":"B. Gogoi, D. Das, S. K. Saikia","doi":"10.2478/cjf-2020-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cjf-2020-0011","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The feeding ecology of Pachypterus atherinoides was investigated for two consecutive years (2013-2015) from floodplain wetlands in the Subansiri river basin of Assam, North East India. The analysis of its gut content revealed the presence of 62 genera of planktonic life forms along with other animal matters. The organization of the alimentary tract and maximum Relative Mean Length of Gut (0.511±0.029 mm) indicated its carnivorous food habit. The peak gastro-somatic index (GSI) in winter-spring seasons and summer-rainy seasons indicated alteration of its feeding intensity. Furthermore, higher diet breadth on resource use (Levins’ and Hurlbert’s) with zooplankton compared to phytoplankton and total plankton confirmed its zooplanktivore habit. The feeding strategy plots also suggested greater preference to zooplankton compared to phytoplankton. The organization of its gill rakers specified a secondary modification of gut towards either carnivory or specialized zooplanktivory. So, the fish may be a carni-omnivore with preference to zooplankton.","PeriodicalId":38161,"journal":{"name":"Ribarstvo, Croatian Journal of Fisheries","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47555218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Ajani, O. Orisasona, O. Kareem, Friday Elijah Osho, A. O. Adeyemo, Bamidele O. Omitoyin, A. Adekanmbi
The growth, gut ecology and immunocompetence of Oreochromis niloticus and the resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila were investigated after been fed with diets containing dietary Curcumin longa for 12 weeks. Diets were formulated to contain 30% crude protein with diet TC1, TC2, TC3, TC4 and TC5 having 0% (control), 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1.0% turmeric powder, respectively. Diets were allotted to groups of O. niloticus (mean weight of 1.29± 0.15 g) and replicated thrice for 84 days. Results showed that the highest mean final weight (4.79±0.04 g) was obtained in TC3 and corresponded to the treatment with the highest feed intake. A significantly high (p<0.05) specific growth rate (SGR) was observed in TC3 (0.73±0.03 %day−1) while TC4 (0.57±0.02 %day−1) gave the lowest value. The highest microbial load in the gut was observed in TC1 groups and the least in TC4 groups. Red blood cell count, hemoglobin, packed cell volume did not show significant variation (p>0.05) across treatments. However, white blood cell (WBC) count was significantly higher in TC1 (control). There was an improved immunocompetence, as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) progressively reduces in fish fed supplements. Similarly, there was a better oxidative response in the treated groups with reduced hydrogen peroxidase, increased total protein and glutathione peroxidase. Mortality ranged from 25% in TC4 to 95% in TC1 after the challenge test with A. hydrophila. This study showed that C. longa inclusion at 0.5% is more beneficial when growth and health status of O. niloticus juveniles are considered.
{"title":"Growth Performance, Gut Ecology, Immunocompetence and Resistance of Oreochromis niloticus Juveniles Fed Dietary Curcumin longa","authors":"E. Ajani, O. Orisasona, O. Kareem, Friday Elijah Osho, A. O. Adeyemo, Bamidele O. Omitoyin, A. Adekanmbi","doi":"10.2478/cjf-2020-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cjf-2020-0014","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The growth, gut ecology and immunocompetence of Oreochromis niloticus and the resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila were investigated after been fed with diets containing dietary Curcumin longa for 12 weeks. Diets were formulated to contain 30% crude protein with diet TC1, TC2, TC3, TC4 and TC5 having 0% (control), 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1.0% turmeric powder, respectively. Diets were allotted to groups of O. niloticus (mean weight of 1.29± 0.15 g) and replicated thrice for 84 days. Results showed that the highest mean final weight (4.79±0.04 g) was obtained in TC3 and corresponded to the treatment with the highest feed intake. A significantly high (p<0.05) specific growth rate (SGR) was observed in TC3 (0.73±0.03 %day−1) while TC4 (0.57±0.02 %day−1) gave the lowest value. The highest microbial load in the gut was observed in TC1 groups and the least in TC4 groups. Red blood cell count, hemoglobin, packed cell volume did not show significant variation (p>0.05) across treatments. However, white blood cell (WBC) count was significantly higher in TC1 (control). There was an improved immunocompetence, as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) progressively reduces in fish fed supplements. Similarly, there was a better oxidative response in the treated groups with reduced hydrogen peroxidase, increased total protein and glutathione peroxidase. Mortality ranged from 25% in TC4 to 95% in TC1 after the challenge test with A. hydrophila. This study showed that C. longa inclusion at 0.5% is more beneficial when growth and health status of O. niloticus juveniles are considered.","PeriodicalId":38161,"journal":{"name":"Ribarstvo, Croatian Journal of Fisheries","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81147846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One mature female specimen of serpent eel Ophisurus serpens (Linnaeus, 1758) was caught by long line by a professional fisherman at a depth of about 45 m from Ece Bight, Saros Bay, north Aegean Sea on 15 February 2016. The species was previously reported without any morphometric and meristic characters from Saros Bay. Some biological characters, such as age and diameters of otolith and oocytes, are also given. In this study, the detailed morphomeristic features, which can contribute to the taxonomic studies of serpent eel from Turkish Seas, are presented.
{"title":"The Confirmed Occurence of Serpent Eel Ophisurus serpens in Saros Bay (Northern Agean Sea), Turkey","authors":"S. Tunçer, H. Koç, Aytuğ Zilifli","doi":"10.2478/cjf-2020-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cjf-2020-0015","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 One mature female specimen of serpent eel Ophisurus serpens (Linnaeus, 1758) was caught by long line by a professional fisherman at a depth of about 45 m from Ece Bight, Saros Bay, north Aegean Sea on 15 February 2016. The species was previously reported without any morphometric and meristic characters from Saros Bay. Some biological characters, such as age and diameters of otolith and oocytes, are also given. In this study, the detailed morphomeristic features, which can contribute to the taxonomic studies of serpent eel from Turkish Seas, are presented.","PeriodicalId":38161,"journal":{"name":"Ribarstvo, Croatian Journal of Fisheries","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41459975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Irman Isnain, B. M. Manjaji‐Matsumoto, J. Ransangan, S. Mustapha
Received: 29 November 2019 Accepted: 5 June 2020 Asian green mussel is commercially farmed in tidal waters in several enclosed bays in Sabah, Malaysia. In this study, two areas on the west coast of Sabah – Ambong Bay and Marudu Bay – were selected for the monitoring of the growth and mortality rates of green mussels farmed in suspension raft. Both growth and survival rates were then correlated with physicochemical parameters (dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity, temperature, water transparency, chlorophyll-a), nutrients (phosphate (PO4 3-), ammonia (NH3-N), nitrate (NO3-N) and nitrite (NO2-N) and condition index of mussel from each study site, as well as between the study sites. The twelve-month growth study (September 2017 to August 2018) was started with a total of 180 mussel specimens (90 at each site). The initial size (mean) of the mussel seed used was 47.7 ± 3.5 mm and 51.1 ± 3.9 mm for Marudu Bay and Ambong Bay, respectively. Mussels in Marudu Bay attained mean size of 73.47 ± 11.05 mm (SGR 0.17% ± 0.22) compared to 64.05 ± 7.44 mm (SGR 0.11% ± 0.22) for Ambong Bay at the end of the experiment. The cumulative mortality rates were 9.2% ± 4.9 and 55.5% ± 30.0 for Marudu Bay and Ambong Bay, respectively. The Pearson correlation indicated a significant positive relationship between mortality and water transparency (r = 0.684, p<0.01). There was a significant negative relationship between ammonia in seawater and mussel mortality (r = -0.561, p<0.01), as well as significant negative relationships between nitrate and growth (r = -0.480, p<0.05) and mortality (r = -0.460, p<0.05), as indicated by Spearman’s Rank-order Correlation analysis. Overall, the growth performance of green mussels farmed in Marudu Bay was better than in Ambong Bay, however, the mortality of mussels in Ambong Bay was higher.
{"title":"Growth and Mortality of Green Mussel Perna viridis Farmed at Ambong Bay and Marudu Bay, Sabah, Malaysia","authors":"Irman Isnain, B. M. Manjaji‐Matsumoto, J. Ransangan, S. Mustapha","doi":"10.2478/cjf-2020-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cjf-2020-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Received: 29 November 2019 Accepted: 5 June 2020 Asian green mussel is commercially farmed in tidal waters in several enclosed bays in Sabah, Malaysia. In this study, two areas on the west coast of Sabah – Ambong Bay and Marudu Bay – were selected for the monitoring of the growth and mortality rates of green mussels farmed in suspension raft. Both growth and survival rates were then correlated with physicochemical parameters (dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity, temperature, water transparency, chlorophyll-a), nutrients (phosphate (PO4 3-), ammonia (NH3-N), nitrate (NO3-N) and nitrite (NO2-N) and condition index of mussel from each study site, as well as between the study sites. The twelve-month growth study (September 2017 to August 2018) was started with a total of 180 mussel specimens (90 at each site). The initial size (mean) of the mussel seed used was 47.7 ± 3.5 mm and 51.1 ± 3.9 mm for Marudu Bay and Ambong Bay, respectively. Mussels in Marudu Bay attained mean size of 73.47 ± 11.05 mm (SGR 0.17% ± 0.22) compared to 64.05 ± 7.44 mm (SGR 0.11% ± 0.22) for Ambong Bay at the end of the experiment. The cumulative mortality rates were 9.2% ± 4.9 and 55.5% ± 30.0 for Marudu Bay and Ambong Bay, respectively. The Pearson correlation indicated a significant positive relationship between mortality and water transparency (r = 0.684, p<0.01). There was a significant negative relationship between ammonia in seawater and mussel mortality (r = -0.561, p<0.01), as well as significant negative relationships between nitrate and growth (r = -0.480, p<0.05) and mortality (r = -0.460, p<0.05), as indicated by Spearman’s Rank-order Correlation analysis. Overall, the growth performance of green mussels farmed in Marudu Bay was better than in Ambong Bay, however, the mortality of mussels in Ambong Bay was higher.","PeriodicalId":38161,"journal":{"name":"Ribarstvo, Croatian Journal of Fisheries","volume":"78 1","pages":"133-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46860325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Aly, M. Abdel‐Rahim, Ghada R. Sallam, Ayman M. Lotfy, Basem S. Abdelaty
A study was conducted to investigate the effects of natural zeolites as a water clarifier on the heavy metal removal efficiency from the underground saltwater used for rearing Dicentrarchus labrax fry. Five concentrations of zeolites were tested: 0 (Z0), 2.5‰ (Z2.5), 5‰ (Z5), 7.5‰ (Z7.5) and 10‰ (Z10). Fry with an initial body weight of 1.53±0.018 g/fish were stocked in 15 aquaria at a density of 10 fry/aquarium. The fish were fed a commercial diet (42% protein and 12.34% lipid) twice daily (09:30 and 14:00) at 5% of their body weight per day for 42 days. Growth, feed utilization, survival and heavy metal removal efficiency were evaluated. The growth performance and feed utilization indices gradually improved with increasing zeolite concentration, with the most significant (P≤0.05) values detected at Z10. The survival rate decreased significantly at Z10 compared with the control (Z0). Increasing the zeolite concentration significantly (P≤0.05) improved the removal efficiency of heavy metals in the rearing water with adsorption selectivity of Pb˃Cd˃Fe˃Cu˃Zn. Furthermore, an increase in the detoxification rate of heavy metals in fish flesh with increasing zeolite level was detected with the removal selectivity of Fe˃Cu˃Zn˃Pb˃Cd. In conclusion, it can be stated that natural zeolites can be used effectively to reduce heavy metals in polluted waters and subsequently in fish flesh in addition to improving fish performance.
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