By a law enacted in March 1833, new administrative institutions, called eforii (municipal councils), were established in the main towns of Moldavia. Members of these councils were to be elected by local boyars, merchants and heads of corporations. The stated intention of the legislator was to turn them into institutions of local self-government. Nevertheless, at least in the immediate aftermath of their founding, administrative reality turned out to be different: the situation of Iași, the capital of Moldavia is, in this respect, a compelling example. Provisions regarding the designation of council members were implemented in a rather “selective” manner; councillors were treated more like subordinates of the central government than as representatives of a separate institution; the capital police refused to fulfil its legal obligation to cooperate with the municipal council. The statement made by the councillors, less than a month after they were elected, regarding their responsibility towards the people of Iași and their (at least partial) autonomy towards the government remained, for the time being, only a declaration of principle. The development of the new institution was contingent upon the immediate priorities of the central government and upon formal and informal power hierarchies of the time.
{"title":"Înființarea Eforiei orașului Iași (1833): deziderate și realități administrative","authors":"Simion-Alexandru Gavriș","doi":"10.59277/hu.31.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59277/hu.31.02","url":null,"abstract":"By a law enacted in March 1833, new administrative institutions, called eforii (municipal councils), were established in the main towns of Moldavia. Members of these councils were to be elected by local boyars, merchants and heads of corporations. The stated intention of the legislator was to turn them into institutions of local self-government. Nevertheless, at least in the immediate aftermath of their founding, administrative reality turned out to be different: the situation of Iași, the capital of Moldavia is, in this respect, a compelling example. Provisions regarding the designation of council members were implemented in a rather “selective” manner; councillors were treated more like subordinates of the central government than as representatives of a separate institution; the capital police refused to fulfil its legal obligation to cooperate with the municipal council. The statement made by the councillors, less than a month after they were elected, regarding their responsibility towards the people of Iași and their (at least partial) autonomy towards the government remained, for the time being, only a declaration of principle. The development of the new institution was contingent upon the immediate priorities of the central government and upon formal and informal power hierarchies of the time.","PeriodicalId":38187,"journal":{"name":"Historia Urbana","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140391347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In addition to administrative documents, narrative sources provide a wealth of information on the functioning of the town government. For almost 30 years, around the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries, three Brașov biographers and diarists, Michael Weiss, Marcus Schunckabunck and Andreas Hegyes, recorded the complete annual lists of the town council. Set in the context of events in the town, these sources provide particularly valuable information on the organisation and functioning of the administration, the activities, conflicts, and grievances associated with the office of councillor, and not only list the names of the councilmen but also describe their duties in the various areas of the administration. In the absence of the minutes of the council meetings, these sources also make it possible to draw up an archontology of the town council of Brașov. In the appendix to this paper, a list of the councillors from 1590 to 1617 is presented, which can serve as a model for the development of a subsequent urban archontology covering the entire early modern period, including other administrative sources.
{"title":"Administrația Brașovului în perioada modernă timpurie în lumina surselor narative","authors":"Julia Derzsi","doi":"10.59277/hu.31.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59277/hu.31.01","url":null,"abstract":"In addition to administrative documents, narrative sources provide a wealth of information on the functioning of the town government. For almost 30 years, around the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries, three Brașov biographers and diarists, Michael Weiss, Marcus Schunckabunck and Andreas Hegyes, recorded the complete annual lists of the town council. Set in the context of events in the town, these sources provide particularly valuable information on the organisation and functioning of the administration, the activities, conflicts, and grievances associated with the office of councillor, and not only list the names of the councilmen but also describe their duties in the various areas of the administration. In the absence of the minutes of the council meetings, these sources also make it possible to draw up an archontology of the town council of Brașov. In the appendix to this paper, a list of the councillors from 1590 to 1617 is presented, which can serve as a model for the development of a subsequent urban archontology covering the entire early modern period, including other administrative sources.","PeriodicalId":38187,"journal":{"name":"Historia Urbana","volume":" 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140391905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article aims to analyse several military plans and engravings found in the archives and libraries of Vienna, which illustrate and describe the phases of the battle that took place on 22 March 1788 near Botoșani town. The battle was fought between the Austrian troops, commanded by Colonel Michael von Fabri, and the Ottoman troops, commanded by Ibrahim Nazir Pasha. While the battle was not a significant event, its outcome had strategic consequences as it opened up new supply opportunities and hastened the defeat of the Turks at Hotin. The conflict has a particular resonance for the history of Moldavia and Botosani town, as it represents the first clash in the military campaign of 1788, which resulted in the occupation of the capital of Moldavia, the city of Iași, and a large part of this principality by Austrian and Russian troops. Apart from establishing the military context that led to the creation of the plans and engravings, this article also highlights other aspects obtained from the research of these sources. These include updating bibliographical references, completing technical details, identifying the authors, and analysing the topography of the area and the urban structure of Botoșani town.
{"title":"Orașul Botoșani în surse cartografice austriece din secolul al XVIII-lea","authors":"D. Iacob","doi":"10.59277/hu.31.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59277/hu.31.12","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to analyse several military plans and engravings found in the archives and libraries of Vienna, which illustrate and describe the phases of the battle that took place on 22 March 1788 near Botoșani town. The battle was fought between the Austrian troops, commanded by Colonel Michael von Fabri, and the Ottoman troops, commanded by Ibrahim Nazir Pasha. While the battle was not a significant event, its outcome had strategic consequences as it opened up new supply opportunities and hastened the defeat of the Turks at Hotin. The conflict has a particular resonance for the history of Moldavia and Botosani town, as it represents the first clash in the military campaign of 1788, which resulted in the occupation of the capital of Moldavia, the city of Iași, and a large part of this principality by Austrian and Russian troops. Apart from establishing the military context that led to the creation of the plans and engravings, this article also highlights other aspects obtained from the research of these sources. These include updating bibliographical references, completing technical details, identifying the authors, and analysing the topography of the area and the urban structure of Botoșani town.","PeriodicalId":38187,"journal":{"name":"Historia Urbana","volume":" 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140391470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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