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Multi-response optimisation using Grey relational analysis and Shainin design of experiments 采用灰色关联分析和谢宁设计的多响应优化试验
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2015-05-13 DOI: 10.1504/ijqet.2015.069235
Srinivasan Balan
Several approaches are used for simultaneous optimisation of multi-response experiments to predict the significant parameters in the area of design of experiments. Researchers focus more on the mathematical models and numerical analysis to find the significant factors contribute to the problem statement both in problem solving approaches and process characterisation. Shainin proposed a set of tools and techniques to improve the quality both offline and online quality assurance. The purpose of using all these set of tools is to find the vital few dominant cause called red X and second dominant cause called pink X which affects the manufacturing system or quality assurance. This paper deals with the application of Grey relational analysis to combine the multi responses into a single response which affects the problem statement and predicts the optimum parameter levels for confirmation experiment. A case study is illustrated to explain the steps and discussed in detail. This shows the application feasibility of the Grey relational analysis with Shainin design of experiments in combination to improve the quality characteristics and process characterisation.
采用多种方法对多响应实验进行同步优化,以预测实验设计中的重要参数。研究人员更多地关注数学模型和数值分析,以发现在问题解决方法和过程表征方面对问题陈述有重要影响的因素。谢宁提出了一套提高线下和线上质量保证的工具和技术。使用所有这些工具的目的是找到影响制造系统或质量保证的关键的几个主要原因,称为红色X和第二个主要原因,称为粉红色X。本文讨论了应用灰色关联分析将多个响应组合为一个响应,从而影响问题表述,并预测验证实验的最佳参数水平。通过一个案例研究来解释这些步骤,并进行了详细的讨论。这说明了灰色关联分析与谢宁实验设计相结合在改善质量特性和工艺表征方面应用的可行性。
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引用次数: 3
Quality Insights: Learning, forgetting, and relearning quality: a half-life learning curve modelling approach 质量洞察:学习、遗忘和再学习质量:半衰期学习曲线建模方法
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2015-05-13 DOI: 10.1504/IJQET.2015.069244
A. Badiru
Learning curves are used extensively in business, science, technology, engineering, and industry to predict system performance over time. Although most of the early developments and applications were in the area of production engineering, general applications can be found in all areas of applications. Quality engineering and technology, in particular, offer a fertile area for the application of learning curves. This paper applies the concept of half-life of learning curves to quality management. This is useful for predictive measures of quality system performance. Half-life is the amount of time it takes for a quantity to diminish to half of its original size through natural processes. The approach of half-life computation provides additional decision tool for researchers and practitioners in quality engineering and technology. Derivation of the half-life equations of learning curves can reveal more about the properties of the various curves, with respect to the unique life-cycle property of product quality.
学习曲线广泛用于商业、科学、技术、工程和工业中,以预测系统随时间的性能。尽管大多数早期的开发和应用都是在生产工程领域,但在所有应用领域都可以找到通用应用。特别是质量工程和技术,为学习曲线的应用提供了一个肥沃的领域。本文将学习曲线半衰期的概念应用于质量管理。这对于质量体系性能的预测度量是有用的。半衰期是指一个量通过自然过程减少到原来的一半所需要的时间。半衰期计算的方法为质量工程和技术的研究人员和实践者提供了额外的决策工具。对学习曲线的半衰期方程进行推导,可以更好地揭示各种曲线的特性,并结合产品质量独特的生命周期特性。
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引用次数: 1
Mahalanobis-Taguchi System for Multiclass Classification of Steel Plates Fault 钢板故障多类分类的mahalanobi - taguchi系统
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2015-05-13 DOI: 10.1504/IJQET.2015.069231
Adebolaji A. Jobi-Taiwo, E. Cudney
Fault identification is fundamental to condition monitoring. An identification method for a single fault is unbalanced as there are usually multiple possible failures involved when considering a system. This paper presents a method for applying the Mahalanobis-Taguchi system (MTS) in a multiclass problem space. MTS provides a means of extracting information in a multidimensional system and integrating information from different variables into a single composite metric. MTS is used to construct reference scales by creating individual measurement scales for each class. These measurement scales are based on the Mahalanobis distance (MD) for each sample. Orthogonal arrays (OA) and signal-to-noise (SN) ratio are used to identify variables of importance and these variables are used to construct a reduced model of the measurement scale. By reducing the dimensionality of the problem, less variables are tracked which reduces the cost of the system monitoring. A classification threshold based on 1.5 sigma shift from the centre of the measurement scales was utilised for each class. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the method presented, a case on multiple fault class of manufacturing a steel plate is studied, and results indicate the practicality of the method in industrial applications.
故障识别是状态监测的基础。单个故障的识别方法是不平衡的,因为在考虑系统时通常涉及多个可能的故障。本文提出了一种在多类问题空间中应用Mahalanobis-Taguchi系统(MTS)的方法。MTS提供了一种从多维系统中提取信息并将来自不同变量的信息集成到单个复合度量中的方法。MTS通过为每个类别创建单独的测量量表来构建参考量表。这些测量尺度是基于每个样本的马氏距离(MD)。利用正交阵列(OA)和信噪比(SN)识别重要变量,并利用这些变量构建测量量表的约简模型。通过降低问题的维数,跟踪的变量更少,从而降低了系统监控的成本。对每个类别使用基于距离测量量表中心1.5西格玛位移的分类阈值。为评价该方法的有效性,以某钢板制造过程中的多故障类别为例进行了研究,结果表明了该方法在工业应用中的实用性。
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引用次数: 8
Non-parametric change-point approach for monitoring shifts in process location and variability 监测过程位置和可变性变化的非参数变化点方法
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2015-05-13 DOI: 10.1504/ijqet.2015.069234
R. Afolabi, P. A. Osanaiye, O. Akpa
In statistical process control, detecting if the process is in control and the position of shift in an out-of-control process are critical research problems. If the normality assumption is satisfied, work has advanced in detecting shifts in mean and/or variance. However, the normality assumption is often not satisfied in many real life situations. We suggest a non-parametric Lepage-type change-point (LCP) control chart for jointly detecting process shifts in mean and variance, under non-normality. A comparison between our proposed method and a generalised likelihood ratio (GLR)-based method was made. Process data were simulated following normal and Laplace distributions. The performances of LCP and GLR were assessed and presented, using evaluated average run lengths, under the distributions considered. The LCP competed favourably with the GLR in a normal distribution. However, LCP outperformed GLR under the heavy-tailed distribution considered. We recommend the new approach for short-run situations where the underlying distributions are usually unknown.
在统计过程控制中,过程是否处于控制状态以及过程位移在失控过程中的位置检测是关键的研究问题。如果满足正态性假设,则在检测平均值和/或方差的移动方面取得了进展。然而,在现实生活中,常态性假设往往不被满足。我们提出了一种非参数lepage型变化点(LCP)控制图,用于在非正态性下联合检测均值和方差的过程移位。将该方法与基于广义似然比(GLR)的方法进行了比较。过程数据按照正态分布和拉普拉斯分布进行模拟。在考虑的分布下,使用评估的平均运行长度来评估和呈现LCP和GLR的性能。LCP在正态分布中与GLR竞争有利。然而,在考虑重尾分布的情况下,LCP优于GLR。对于底层发行版通常未知的短期情况,我们推荐使用新方法。
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引用次数: 4
Method-comparison studies with Taguchi and response surface methodologies for chemical process optimisation: a case study 方法-用田口法和响应面法进行化学过程优化的比较研究:一个案例研究
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2015-05-13 DOI: 10.1504/ijqet.2015.069206
V. S. Patyal, S. Modgil, Maddulety Koilakuntla
This paper presents the findings of an experimental investigation conducted for understanding the effect of pH and temperature on three response variables viz. 'loss on ignition' (LoI), zinc oxide (ZnO) and borate (B2O3) in the output of a chemical process. The Taguchi technique and response surface methodology (RSM) have been used to accomplish the objectives of the study. The L4 orthogonal array with two replications for the Taguchi technique and central composite design (CCD) with two replications for response surface were used for conducting the experiments. The analysis was performed using the Taguchi technique, RSM with general linear model (ANOVA) revealed that temperature and its quadratic effect produced significant impact in achieving target values of LoI and B2O3 content. Further, the data analysis reported that effect of pH on three response variables (LoI, ZnO, B2O3) was insignificant in nature, Also, ZnO content was not significant either with pH or temperature.
本文介绍了为了解pH和温度对三个响应变量的影响而进行的实验调查的结果。化学过程输出中的“着火损失”(LoI)、氧化锌(ZnO)和硼酸盐(B2O3)。采用田口技术和响应面法(RSM)来完成研究目标。实验采用田口法L4正交设计2个重复,响应面法CCD设计2个重复。采用Taguchi技术进行分析,采用一般线性模型(ANOVA)的RSM分析表明,温度及其二次效应对LoI和B2O3含量达到目标值有显著影响。此外,数据分析表明pH值对LoI、ZnO、B2O3三个响应变量的影响不显著,且ZnO含量对pH值和温度的影响均不显著。
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引用次数: 0
The optimisation of bi-signal multi-response systems with stochastic target profiles using goal programming 基于目标规划的随机目标曲线双信号多响应系统优化
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJQET.2015.075773
M. Bashiri, F. Sogandi
There are many real world applications consisting of finding optimal design variables that yields desirable values for stochastic responses. Finding the levels of controllable factors is an important process control stage to achieve desired specification of the output. On other hand, finding the optimal setting will be more important when there are more than one signal in dynamic systems. Also difficulties may arise particularly for multiple responses when there are stochastic target profiles in each level of signal factor. In this regard, linear regression models for response mean, variance and covariance of multiple responses in each level of signals are obtained. Then optimal settings of controllable factors are extracted by the goal programming applied in an example from the literature. Then optimal setting of controllable factors is determined by stochastic optimisation. Also, the sensitivity analysis is performed to show efficiency of the proposed approach in case of existing stochastic target profiles in multiple response optimisation.
有许多现实世界的应用,包括寻找最优的设计变量,产生理想的随机响应值。寻找可控因素的水平是实现预期输出规格的重要过程控制阶段。另一方面,当动态系统中存在多个信号时,寻找最优设置将变得更加重要。此外,当每个信号因子水平上都有随机目标分布时,对于多个响应可能会出现困难。在此基础上,得到了各水平信号中多个响应的响应均值、方差和协方差的线性回归模型。然后利用文献中的目标规划方法提取出可控因素的最优设置。然后通过随机优化确定可控因素的最优设置。同时,对多响应优化中存在随机目标曲线的情况进行了灵敏度分析,证明了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
How to bootstrap in non-parametric frontier models? Technical efficiency of Tunisian banks 如何在非参数前沿模型中进行自举?突尼斯银行的技术效率
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJQET.2015.075781
Boutheina Bannour
This paper presents a bootstrapped efficiency score through estimating the DEA model. We focus on an input-oriented approach using returns to scale. By using input and output data on 20 Tunisian banks over the period 1990-2010, we construct more accurate bootstrapped confidence intervals; hence, we provide more reliable and useful results for decision-makers. Moreover, we find that 4 out of 20 Tunisian banks are perfectly efficient using a data-driven estimate of the smoothing parameter.
本文通过对DEA模型的估计,给出了一个自举效率评分。我们专注于使用按比例回报的投入导向方法。通过使用20家突尼斯银行1990-2010年的投入和产出数据,我们构建了更准确的自举置信区间;因此,我们为决策者提供了更可靠和有用的结果。此外,我们发现20家突尼斯银行中有4家使用数据驱动的平滑参数估计是完全有效的。
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引用次数: 1
Quality Insights: Systems-based product quality assessment for customer preferences 质量洞察:基于客户偏好的系统产品质量评估
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJQET.2015.075771
A. Badiru, John J. Elshaw, A. BadiruIbrahim
Customer preference is a key element of determining the characteristics of a product. Manufacturers who strive to satisfy customer needs must adequately assess the preferences of the customers. In the distant past, manufacturers might not have paid sufficient attention to customer preferences. They, rather, supplied the market with what their manufacturing capabilities could provide. The market is far more astute and discriminating in the modern era of global competition. Manufacturers must, thus, respond accordingly. This paper presents an analytical approach to assessing customer preferences. A case study from the US automotive industry is presented in the paper as a good benchmark or template for pursuing customer preference assessment using a quantification methodology. Such a quantification approach is useful for an analytical assessment of customer needs, wants, and desires in the marketplace.
顾客偏好是决定产品特性的关键因素。努力满足顾客需求的制造商必须充分评估顾客的偏好。在遥远的过去,制造商可能没有对客户的偏好给予足够的关注。相反,它们向市场提供了它们的制造能力所能提供的东西。在全球竞争的现代时代,市场要敏锐得多,也更有辨别力。因此,制造商必须做出相应的回应。本文提出了一种评估顾客偏好的分析方法。本文提出了美国汽车行业的一个案例研究,作为使用量化方法进行客户偏好评估的良好基准或模板。这种量化方法对于分析市场中客户的需求、愿望和愿望是有用的。
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引用次数: 0
GERT analysis of the deferred life test sampling plan based on gamma failure 基于gamma失效的延迟寿命试验抽样方案的GERT分析
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJQET.2015.075774
D. K. Gangeshwer, G. Shankar
This paper presents graphical evaluation and review technique (GERT) analysis of the deferred life test sampling plan based on gamma failure. GERT approach which has been successfully used by Ohta (1978) for studying some quality control problems. The idea of using what is known as deferred sampling plan is due to Vaerst (1980). A brief account of GERT methodology and its application in quality control has been given by Shankar (1993). The advantage of the GERT analysis in the present context is two folded. Firstly, this procedure gives a visual picture of the dynamics of the inspection system and secondly, it offers a through characterisation of the plan. The formula of operating characteristics (OC) function and average sample number (ASN) function is derived and illustrated numerically. Lastly, tables have been provided to determine the smallest sample size n necessary to assure a certain mean life or quality of the product.
提出了基于伽玛失效的延期寿命试验抽样方案的图解评价与评审技术(GERT)分析方法。GERT方法被Ohta(1978)成功地用于研究一些质量控制问题。使用所谓的延迟抽样计划的想法是由于Vaerst(1980)。Shankar(1993)简要介绍了GERT方法及其在质量控制中的应用。GERT分析在当前情况下的优势是双重的。首先,该程序给出了检测系统动态的可视化图像,其次,它提供了计划的完整特征。推导了工作特性函数(OC)和平均样本数函数(ASN)的计算公式,并给出了数值说明。最后,表格已提供,以确定所需的最小样本量n,以确保一定的平均寿命或产品的质量。
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引用次数: 1
A new modified FMEA model for ranking the risk of maintenance waste considering hierarchy of root causes and effects 基于根本原因和影响层次的维修浪费风险排序改进FMEA模型
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJQET.2015.075776
A. Sutrisno, I. Gunawan, H. Khorshidi, Stenly Tangkuman
Implementing sustainable manufacturing practice requires efficiency of the resource utilisation and activities which add value to the operations. From this point of view, development of an improved methodology to access the criticality of non-added value (waste) is important and believed to support the realisation of sustainable manufacturing operation. While previous studies on improving methodology to support sustainable operation from product and process design are abundantly available in the references, the contribution from maintenance field is in contrary. The goal of this study is to modify the quality improvement tool, failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) to access the criticality of waste in maintenance operation. In an attempt to realise the above goal, an empirical study to propose the theoretical and actual maintenance waste from industrial practice is undertaken. In order to assist maintenance decision maker to quantify criticality of maintenance waste occurrence, a new model to rank waste maintenance mode, called the waste priority number (WPN) is given. Illustrative on using model for practical purpose is given.
实施可持续生产实践要求资源利用效率和活动,增加价值的操作。从这个角度来看,开发一种改进的方法来获取非增值(废物)的临界性是很重要的,并且相信它可以支持实现可持续的制造操作。以往从产品和工艺设计角度改进方法以支持可持续运行的研究文献很多,但维护领域的贡献却相反。本研究的目的是修改质量改进工具失效模式与影响分析(FMEA),以了解维修作业中浪费的临界性。为了实现上述目标,本文从工业实践中提出了理论和实际维修浪费的实证研究。为了帮助维修决策者量化维修浪费发生的严重性,提出了一种新的维修浪费排序模型,即废物优先级数(WPN)。给出了模型在实际应用中的说明。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
International Journal of Quality Engineering and Technology
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