Pub Date : 2019-03-01DOI: 10.1142/9789813239609_0001
G. Nicolis
{"title":"The many facets of complexity","authors":"G. Nicolis","doi":"10.1142/9789813239609_0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/9789813239609_0001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38342,"journal":{"name":"复杂系统与复杂性科学","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87305046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-10DOI: 10.1142/9789813239609_0010
Alessandro Corbetta, F. Toschi
We frame the issue of pedestrian dynamics modeling in terms of path-integrals, a formalism originally introduced in quantum mechanics to account for the behavior of quantum particles, later extended to quantum field theories and to statistical physics. Path-integration enables a trajectory-centric representation of the pedestrian motion, directly providing the probability of observing a given trajectory. This appears as the most natural language to describe the statistical properties of pedestrian dynamics in generic settings. In a given venue, individual trajectories can belong to many possible usage patterns and, within each of them, they can display wide variability. We provide first a primer on path-integration, and we introduce and discuss the path-integral functional probability measure for pedestrian dynamics in the diluted limit. As an illustrative example, we connect the path-integral description to a Langevin model that we developed previously for a particular crowd flow condition (the flow in a narrow corridor). Building on our previous real-life measurements, we provide a quantitatively correct path-integral representation for this condition. Finally, we show how the path-integral formalism can be used to evaluate the probability of rare-events (in the case of the corridor, U-turns).
{"title":"Path-integral representation of diluted pedestrian dynamics","authors":"Alessandro Corbetta, F. Toschi","doi":"10.1142/9789813239609_0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/9789813239609_0010","url":null,"abstract":"We frame the issue of pedestrian dynamics modeling in terms of path-integrals, a formalism originally introduced in quantum mechanics to account for the behavior of quantum particles, later extended to quantum field theories and to statistical physics. Path-integration enables a trajectory-centric representation of the pedestrian motion, directly providing the probability of observing a given trajectory. This appears as the most natural language to describe the statistical properties of pedestrian dynamics in generic settings. In a given venue, individual trajectories can belong to many possible usage patterns and, within each of them, they can display wide variability. \u0000We provide first a primer on path-integration, and we introduce and discuss the path-integral functional probability measure for pedestrian dynamics in the diluted limit. As an illustrative example, we connect the path-integral description to a Langevin model that we developed previously for a particular crowd flow condition (the flow in a narrow corridor). Building on our previous real-life measurements, we provide a quantitatively correct path-integral representation for this condition. Finally, we show how the path-integral formalism can be used to evaluate the probability of rare-events (in the case of the corridor, U-turns).","PeriodicalId":38342,"journal":{"name":"复杂系统与复杂性科学","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86412014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-01DOI: 10.13306/J.1672-3813.2017.01.009
Guodong Wang, Chao Gao, Ye Yuan, Z. Zhang
{"title":"Network-based analysis for discovering semantic redundancy","authors":"Guodong Wang, Chao Gao, Ye Yuan, Z. Zhang","doi":"10.13306/J.1672-3813.2017.01.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13306/J.1672-3813.2017.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38342,"journal":{"name":"复杂系统与复杂性科学","volume":"14 1","pages":"58-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41400706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-24DOI: 10.1142/9789813239609_0011
H. Qian
We distinguish a mechanical representation of the world in terms of point masses with positions and momenta and the chemical representation of the world in terms of populations of different individuals, each with intrinsic stochasticity, but population wise with statistical rate laws in their syntheses, degradations, spatial diffusion, individual state transitions, and interactions. Such a formal kinetic system in a small volume $V$, like a single cell, can be rigorously treated in terms of a Markov process describing its nonlinear kinetics as well as nonequilibrium thermodynamics at a mesoscopic scale. We introduce notions such as open, driven chemical systems, entropy production, free energy dissipation, etc. Then in the macroscopic limit, we illustrate how two new "laws", in terms of a generalized free energy of the mesoscopic stochastic dynamics, emerge. Detailed balance and complex balance are two special classes of "simple" nonlinear kinetics. Phase transition is intrinsically related to multi-stability and saddle-node bifurcation phenomenon, in the limits of time $trightarrowinfty$ and system's size $Vrightarrowinfty$. Using this approach, we re-articulate the notion of inanimate equilibrium branch of a system and nonequilibrium state of a living matter, as originally proposed by Nicolis and Prigogine, and seek a logic consistency between this viewpoint and that of P. W. Anderson and J. J. Hopfield's in which macroscopic law emerges through symmetry breaking.
我们根据具有位置和动量的点质量来区分世界的机械表示，以及根据不同个体的种群来区分世界的化学表示，每个个体都具有内在的随机性，但种群在它们的合成、退化、空间扩散、个体状态转换和相互作用中具有统计速率定律。这样一个小体积$V$的形式动力学系统，就像单个细胞一样，可以用描述其非线性动力学和介观尺度上的非平衡热力学的马尔可夫过程来严格处理。我们介绍了开放、驱动的化学系统、熵产生、自由能量耗散等概念。然后，在宏观极限下，我们说明了如何以介观随机动力学的广义自由能的形式出现两个新的“定律”。精细平衡和复杂平衡是“简单”非线性动力学的两种特殊类型。在时间$trightarrowinfty$和系统尺寸$Vrightarrowinfty$的限制下，相变与多稳定性和鞍节点分岔现象有着内在的联系。利用这种方法，我们重新阐述了Nicolis和Prigogine最初提出的系统的无生命平衡分支和生命物质的非平衡状态的概念，并寻求这一观点与P. W. Anderson和J. J. Hopfield的观点之间的逻辑一致性，其中宏观规律通过对称破缺出现。
{"title":"Chemical reaction kinetic perspective with mesoscopic nonequilibrium thermodynamics","authors":"H. Qian","doi":"10.1142/9789813239609_0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/9789813239609_0011","url":null,"abstract":"We distinguish a mechanical representation of the world in terms of point masses with positions and momenta and the chemical representation of the world in terms of populations of different individuals, each with intrinsic stochasticity, but population wise with statistical rate laws in their syntheses, degradations, spatial diffusion, individual state transitions, and interactions. Such a formal kinetic system in a small volume $V$, like a single cell, can be rigorously treated in terms of a Markov process describing its nonlinear kinetics as well as nonequilibrium thermodynamics at a mesoscopic scale. We introduce notions such as open, driven chemical systems, entropy production, free energy dissipation, etc. Then in the macroscopic limit, we illustrate how two new \"laws\", in terms of a generalized free energy of the mesoscopic stochastic dynamics, emerge. Detailed balance and complex balance are two special classes of \"simple\" nonlinear kinetics. Phase transition is intrinsically related to multi-stability and saddle-node bifurcation phenomenon, in the limits of time $trightarrowinfty$ and system's size $Vrightarrowinfty$. Using this approach, we re-articulate the notion of inanimate equilibrium branch of a system and nonequilibrium state of a living matter, as originally proposed by Nicolis and Prigogine, and seek a logic consistency between this viewpoint and that of P. W. Anderson and J. J. Hopfield's in which macroscopic law emerges through symmetry breaking.","PeriodicalId":38342,"journal":{"name":"复杂系统与复杂性科学","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74873876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.13306/J.1672-3813.2014.01.004
Qiang Liu, Jin-Qing Fang, Geng Zhao, Yong Li
The halo-chaos beam transport network with small world(WS)and scale-free(BA) characteristics was constructed.Several synchronization control methods to realize the synchronization control of halo-chaos and three kinds of circuit schemes for secure communication were proposed and simulation tests were done.Based on the research of chaos complexity,we explore a new method of chaotic algorithm,and successfully develope a data cryptograph prototype,which was applied to telephone communication networks with computer on line experimentally.We also proposed a chaotic encryption system based on combination of chaotic encryption algorithm with traditional algorithm,achieved the hardware developed by FPGA Technology,and realized file encryption and decryption communication experiment on the internet.In the research on information hiding technique,the encryption information is hided in JPEG format images,and the hiding effect is good by testing and engineering application.
{"title":"Advances in Halo-Chaos Synchronization Control and Some Encryption Methods","authors":"Qiang Liu, Jin-Qing Fang, Geng Zhao, Yong Li","doi":"10.13306/J.1672-3813.2014.01.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13306/J.1672-3813.2014.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"The halo-chaos beam transport network with small world(WS)and scale-free(BA) characteristics was constructed.Several synchronization control methods to realize the synchronization control of halo-chaos and three kinds of circuit schemes for secure communication were proposed and simulation tests were done.Based on the research of chaos complexity,we explore a new method of chaotic algorithm,and successfully develope a data cryptograph prototype,which was applied to telephone communication networks with computer on line experimentally.We also proposed a chaotic encryption system based on combination of chaotic encryption algorithm with traditional algorithm,achieved the hardware developed by FPGA Technology,and realized file encryption and decryption communication experiment on the internet.In the research on information hiding technique,the encryption information is hided in JPEG format images,and the hiding effect is good by testing and engineering application.","PeriodicalId":38342,"journal":{"name":"复杂系统与复杂性科学","volume":"11 1","pages":"23-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66260030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suppression of spiral waves and spatiotemporal chaos in cardiac tissue has been considered based on the LuoRudy 91 model. To suppress spiral waves and spatiotemporal chaos, the control strategy which employs calcium channel agonist to enhance the maximum conductivity of the slow inward calcium current is proposed. The numerical results show that the method can effectively suppress the spiral wave and spatiotemporal chaos in cardiac tissue even if the distribution of the time-dependent potassium current is non-uniform. The control mechanism has been analyzed.
{"title":"Suppressing spiral waves and spatiotemporal chaos in cardiac tissue by using calcium channel agonist","authors":"Zhong Min, Tang Guo-ning","doi":"10.7498/aps.59.3070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7498/aps.59.3070","url":null,"abstract":"Suppression of spiral waves and spatiotemporal chaos in cardiac tissue has been considered based on the LuoRudy 91 model. To suppress spiral waves and spatiotemporal chaos, the control strategy which employs calcium channel agonist to enhance the maximum conductivity of the slow inward calcium current is proposed. The numerical results show that the method can effectively suppress the spiral wave and spatiotemporal chaos in cardiac tissue even if the distribution of the time-dependent potassium current is non-uniform. The control mechanism has been analyzed.","PeriodicalId":38342,"journal":{"name":"复杂系统与复杂性科学","volume":"59 1","pages":"3070-3076"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71343522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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