Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijipm.2023.134063
J. Mahalakshmi, P. Balamurugan
Internal migrants constitute a crucial part of the workforce in India. It has the potential for poverty reduction as it involves the poorer sections from the poorer regions in various economic sectors. Most industries would not have existed without internal migrant labourers because they are the backbone of various economic sectors, from rag-picking jobs to all sorts of key sources to the country's overall economic development. Even though migrant workers play a vital role in various sectors, they cannot sustain themselves during the lockdown. Migrant workers are highly vulnerable and exposed to occupational hazards and health risks. Therefore, this paper attempts to study the causes of the low living standards of internal migrants, analyse the inadequacies in accessing the social security measures and address the research gap on the issue of policy framework in order to respond to the challenges faced by the migrant workers.
{"title":"Emerging challenges of internal migrant workers in India: a need for law and governance","authors":"J. Mahalakshmi, P. Balamurugan","doi":"10.1504/ijipm.2023.134063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijipm.2023.134063","url":null,"abstract":"Internal migrants constitute a crucial part of the workforce in India. It has the potential for poverty reduction as it involves the poorer sections from the poorer regions in various economic sectors. Most industries would not have existed without internal migrant labourers because they are the backbone of various economic sectors, from rag-picking jobs to all sorts of key sources to the country's overall economic development. Even though migrant workers play a vital role in various sectors, they cannot sustain themselves during the lockdown. Migrant workers are highly vulnerable and exposed to occupational hazards and health risks. Therefore, this paper attempts to study the causes of the low living standards of internal migrants, analyse the inadequacies in accessing the social security measures and address the research gap on the issue of policy framework in order to respond to the challenges faced by the migrant workers.","PeriodicalId":38346,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Intellectual Property Management","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136209175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijipm.2023.134061
Mariya Fatma, P.R.L. Rajavenkatesan
{"title":"Waiver of patent on COVID vaccine: re-packaging of TRIPS flexibilities","authors":"Mariya Fatma, P.R.L. Rajavenkatesan","doi":"10.1504/ijipm.2023.134061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijipm.2023.134061","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38346,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Intellectual Property Management","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136209643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijipm.2023.134058
Mohammad Bitar, Benarji Chakka
{"title":"Drone attacks during armed conflict: quest for legality and regulation","authors":"Mohammad Bitar, Benarji Chakka","doi":"10.1504/ijipm.2023.134058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijipm.2023.134058","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38346,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Intellectual Property Management","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136209647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijipm.2023.134059
J.M. Kennedy, C. Rabbiraj
Constitution is the fountainhead and basis of all laws. Article 265 of India's Constitution states, "No tax will be levied or collected except by legislation". The statute must use the constitution's legislative powers and be compatible with its provisions to charge and collect taxes. In India, taxing services was prohibited by the constitution. First, integrated tax is applied to the registered person's credit/debit ledger. Any residual sum goes to core tax, state tax, and union territory tax. First, increase central tax. Any remaining sum goes to state or territory tax. As the tax base grew by adding taxable services each year, the courts had to rule on their constitutionality. The authors show how the judiciary legalised the tax on services from 1994 to 2017. Using aspect theory, the courts justified the apparent overlap between taxation entries in list I - union list and list II - state list of the Constitution of India, leading to a distinct tax base for taxing services and examining aspect theory's role in generating taxable services.
{"title":"Role of case laws and legality of taxation in the context of tax on services in India","authors":"J.M. Kennedy, C. Rabbiraj","doi":"10.1504/ijipm.2023.134059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijipm.2023.134059","url":null,"abstract":"Constitution is the fountainhead and basis of all laws. Article 265 of India's Constitution states, \"No tax will be levied or collected except by legislation\". The statute must use the constitution's legislative powers and be compatible with its provisions to charge and collect taxes. In India, taxing services was prohibited by the constitution. First, integrated tax is applied to the registered person's credit/debit ledger. Any residual sum goes to core tax, state tax, and union territory tax. First, increase central tax. Any remaining sum goes to state or territory tax. As the tax base grew by adding taxable services each year, the courts had to rule on their constitutionality. The authors show how the judiciary legalised the tax on services from 1994 to 2017. Using aspect theory, the courts justified the apparent overlap between taxation entries in list I - union list and list II - state list of the Constitution of India, leading to a distinct tax base for taxing services and examining aspect theory's role in generating taxable services.","PeriodicalId":38346,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Intellectual Property Management","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136258309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijipm.2023.129076
Zeki Can Seskir, Kelvin W. Willoughby
In this work we elucidate international trends in the field of quantum technology (QT) by analysing a global patent database built from an operational definition of QT that was generated through the curated application of artificial intelligence (AI). In doing so, we demonstrate how the sophisticated use of intellectual property information, enhanced by the artful deployment of AI techniques, may produce more reliable and useful revelations for policymakers and managers about global innovation in emerging fields of technology than is possible through conventional methods of data collection and analysis. We also demonstrate the utility of this approach for reliably characterising the evolving constituent sub-fields of QT. By adopting a hybrid human-AI approach to both the definition and the analysis of QT, we have produced some novel insights about global innovation and national organisational profiles in the QT field, particularly concerning dynamic competition between the USA and China.
{"title":"Global innovation and competition in quantum technology, viewed through the lens of patents and artificial intelligence","authors":"Zeki Can Seskir, Kelvin W. Willoughby","doi":"10.1504/ijipm.2023.129076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijipm.2023.129076","url":null,"abstract":"In this work we elucidate international trends in the field of quantum technology (QT) by analysing a global patent database built from an operational definition of QT that was generated through the curated application of artificial intelligence (AI). In doing so, we demonstrate how the sophisticated use of intellectual property information, enhanced by the artful deployment of AI techniques, may produce more reliable and useful revelations for policymakers and managers about global innovation in emerging fields of technology than is possible through conventional methods of data collection and analysis. We also demonstrate the utility of this approach for reliably characterising the evolving constituent sub-fields of QT. By adopting a hybrid human-AI approach to both the definition and the analysis of QT, we have produced some novel insights about global innovation and national organisational profiles in the QT field, particularly concerning dynamic competition between the USA and China.","PeriodicalId":38346,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Intellectual Property Management","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136092281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijipm.2023.134051
S. Suganya, E. Prema
As technology continues to revolutionise how humans work and operate, many parts of human activity will be replaced or supplemented by newer technologies. Trends in technological innovation may have a more significant impact on some previously unaffected human tasks. A growing number of consensus recommendations give legal personality to AI systems. Arguments are often based on utility and contrasted with companies. When AI systems are indistinguishable from living things, they should have the same legal status. Therefore, a legal assessment of the effectiveness of technological developments is required. This article will discuss the potential impact of AI on intellectual property. With AI advancing so rapidly, existing IP rules need to be overhauled. There are few or no legal provisions for AI in the intellectual property. However, there is a significant degree of interaction and correlation between the two, which we will discuss in this article. AI is developing rapidly worldwide, coinciding with the scope of intellectual property (IPR). Because of this, the system needs to recognise and change some rules.
{"title":"Human centric intellectual property rights and legal personality of artificial intelligence","authors":"S. Suganya, E. Prema","doi":"10.1504/ijipm.2023.134051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijipm.2023.134051","url":null,"abstract":"As technology continues to revolutionise how humans work and operate, many parts of human activity will be replaced or supplemented by newer technologies. Trends in technological innovation may have a more significant impact on some previously unaffected human tasks. A growing number of consensus recommendations give legal personality to AI systems. Arguments are often based on utility and contrasted with companies. When AI systems are indistinguishable from living things, they should have the same legal status. Therefore, a legal assessment of the effectiveness of technological developments is required. This article will discuss the potential impact of AI on intellectual property. With AI advancing so rapidly, existing IP rules need to be overhauled. There are few or no legal provisions for AI in the intellectual property. However, there is a significant degree of interaction and correlation between the two, which we will discuss in this article. AI is developing rapidly worldwide, coinciding with the scope of intellectual property (IPR). Because of this, the system needs to recognise and change some rules.","PeriodicalId":38346,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Intellectual Property Management","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136209403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijipm.2023.134064
Vivek Basavegowda Ramu, Ajay Reddy Yeruva
{"title":"Optimising AIOps system performance for e-commerce and online retail businesses with the ACF model","authors":"Vivek Basavegowda Ramu, Ajay Reddy Yeruva","doi":"10.1504/ijipm.2023.134064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijipm.2023.134064","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38346,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Intellectual Property Management","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136209652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijipm.2023.134065
S. Suganya, E. Prema
{"title":"Examining the legality of artificial intelligence in driverless vehicles and its impact on road traffic laws-comparative analysis","authors":"S. Suganya, E. Prema","doi":"10.1504/ijipm.2023.134065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijipm.2023.134065","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38346,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Intellectual Property Management","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136209657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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