Charles Sanders Peirce shares with many pragmatists, both classical and contemporary, a certain distrust of metaphysics, the nature and importance of which have been constantly questioned at the turn of the 20th century. It is however him who, after having decried it, claimed the possibility and the necessity of metaphysics. It is shown that this pragmaticist metaphysical project, which emphasizes logic, semiotics, inquiry and science (but without scientism), against the background of a very specific realist approach, is a source of inspiration for any enterprise concerned with responding to the “Integration Challenge”, and thus to think the links between metaphysics and epistemology, an objective which the metaphysician is held to tackle, if he wants to be able to establish the conditions of possibility of a genuine metaphysical knowledge.
{"title":"Peirce et la possibilité de la connaissance métaphysique","authors":"Claudine Tiercelin","doi":"10.3917/philo.159.0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/philo.159.0029","url":null,"abstract":"Charles Sanders Peirce shares with many pragmatists, both classical and contemporary, a certain distrust of metaphysics, the nature and importance of which have been constantly questioned at the turn of the 20th century. It is however him who, after having decried it, claimed the possibility and the necessity of metaphysics. It is shown that this pragmaticist metaphysical project, which emphasizes logic, semiotics, inquiry and science (but without scientism), against the background of a very specific realist approach, is a source of inspiration for any enterprise concerned with responding to the “Integration Challenge”, and thus to think the links between metaphysics and epistemology, an objective which the metaphysician is held to tackle, if he wants to be able to establish the conditions of possibility of a genuine metaphysical knowledge.","PeriodicalId":38393,"journal":{"name":"Philosophie","volume":"192 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135209674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stefano Besoli, Forma categoriale et struttura del giudizio. Sull’incompiutezza sistematica del pensiero di Emil Lask [ Forme catégoriale et structure du jugement. Sur l’incomplétude du système de pensée d’Emil Lask ], Quodlibet, Macerata 2019, 194 p.","authors":"Giacomo Gambaro","doi":"10.3917/philo.159.0126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/philo.159.0126","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38393,"journal":{"name":"Philosophie","volume":"11 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135209673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A reference that is as discreet as it is obstinate runs through the pragmaticist inquiry into the meaning of meaning: when he intends to clarify what meaning is, Peirce very often appeals to a quote by John of Salisbury, a rather obscure author of the 12th century. What is the point of mentioning that names “name singulars but signify universals”? My paper intends to show that, in twisting the original purport of the sentence, Peirce uses it for his semiotic, pragmatist and realist theory of signification.
{"title":"Sur « ce que presque tout le monde a à la bouche » : la théorie de la signification de Peirce à la lumière d’une petite phrase de Jean de Salisbury","authors":"Jean-Marie Chevalier","doi":"10.3917/philo.159.0052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/philo.159.0052","url":null,"abstract":"A reference that is as discreet as it is obstinate runs through the pragmaticist inquiry into the meaning of meaning: when he intends to clarify what meaning is, Peirce very often appeals to a quote by John of Salisbury, a rather obscure author of the 12th century. What is the point of mentioning that names “name singulars but signify universals”? My paper intends to show that, in twisting the original purport of the sentence, Peirce uses it for his semiotic, pragmatist and realist theory of signification.","PeriodicalId":38393,"journal":{"name":"Philosophie","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135209675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peirce’s attitude towards Hegel seems at first sight ambivalent and difficult to justify in a coherent way. On the one hand, Peirce praises Hegel's concern to show the importance of the three “universal categories”, in particular that of “Thirdness”; on the other hand, he reproaches the author of the Phenomenology of Spirit for reducing the first two categories to the third, but also for yielding to an insidious form of nominalism. The ambition of this paper is to clarify the stakes of Peirce's interpretation of Hegel and to evaluate the relevance of his criticisms, in particular those concerning the ontological status of the possible and of universal categories.
{"title":"Peirce face à Hegel : idéalisme, réalisme, nominalisme","authors":"Olivier Tinland","doi":"10.3917/philo.159.0068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/philo.159.0068","url":null,"abstract":"Peirce’s attitude towards Hegel seems at first sight ambivalent and difficult to justify in a coherent way. On the one hand, Peirce praises Hegel's concern to show the importance of the three “universal categories”, in particular that of “Thirdness”; on the other hand, he reproaches the author of the Phenomenology of Spirit for reducing the first two categories to the third, but also for yielding to an insidious form of nominalism. The ambition of this paper is to clarify the stakes of Peirce's interpretation of Hegel and to evaluate the relevance of his criticisms, in particular those concerning the ontological status of the possible and of universal categories.","PeriodicalId":38393,"journal":{"name":"Philosophie","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135209672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thierry-Dominique Humbrecht, Thomas d’Aquin, Dieu et la métaphysique , Paris, Parole et Silence (coll. « Bibliothèque de la Revue thomiste »), 2021, 1432 p.","authors":"Luc Signoret","doi":"10.3917/philo.159.0124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/philo.159.0124","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38393,"journal":{"name":"Philosophie","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135209670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Like Frege and unlike Kant, Peirce claims that mathematics is essentially deductive. And like Frege (as well as the algebraists following Boole), Peirce develops formal languages which express the formal content of statements so as to make it possible to carefully check deductive inferences between them. However, like Kant and unlike Frege, Peirce intends to account for the “synthetic”, i. e. informative and non-trivial, character of most mathematical statements as well as of the inferential links between them. Even more, Peirce, like Kant, pays great attention to the semiotic role played by the construction and transformation of diagrams in the justification of these inferences and of these statements. On this point, Peirce clearly intends to extend and develop the Kantian theory of schematism.
{"title":"Présentation. Produire les évidences : la fonction sémiotique de l’analyse logique","authors":"Bruno Leclercq","doi":"10.3917/philo.159.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/philo.159.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Like Frege and unlike Kant, Peirce claims that mathematics is essentially deductive. And like Frege (as well as the algebraists following Boole), Peirce develops formal languages which express the formal content of statements so as to make it possible to carefully check deductive inferences between them. However, like Kant and unlike Frege, Peirce intends to account for the “synthetic”, i. e. informative and non-trivial, character of most mathematical statements as well as of the inferential links between them. Even more, Peirce, like Kant, pays great attention to the semiotic role played by the construction and transformation of diagrams in the justification of these inferences and of these statements. On this point, Peirce clearly intends to extend and develop the Kantian theory of schematism.","PeriodicalId":38393,"journal":{"name":"Philosophie","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135209676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Even though mathematics is deductive reasoning all along, it does not depend on logic. On the contrary, formal logic is mathematical. Despite what is often claimed, mathematics is not the science of quantity, but the science of necessary conclusions. It reasons from pure hypotheses, explores their possibilities in imagination and draws apodictic conclusions. Obtaining new theoretical results—as opposed to mere “corollaries” of previous results—asks for more than mere deduction of analytical consequences by analysis of the general concepts involved. It requires representing these general concepts into singular diagrams and operating transformations on them in order to reveal necessary properties or relations which had not yet been perceived. By making these properties or relations the objects of new judgments, mathematics practices “abstraction” in a sense that does not reduce to the psychic operation of reserving one's attention to certain features of a percept at the expense of others.
{"title":"Les mathématiques les plus simples","authors":"Charles Sanders Peirce, Bruno Leclercq","doi":"10.3917/philo.159.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/philo.159.0015","url":null,"abstract":"Even though mathematics is deductive reasoning all along, it does not depend on logic. On the contrary, formal logic is mathematical. Despite what is often claimed, mathematics is not the science of quantity, but the science of necessary conclusions. It reasons from pure hypotheses, explores their possibilities in imagination and draws apodictic conclusions. Obtaining new theoretical results—as opposed to mere “corollaries” of previous results—asks for more than mere deduction of analytical consequences by analysis of the general concepts involved. It requires representing these general concepts into singular diagrams and operating transformations on them in order to reveal necessary properties or relations which had not yet been perceived. By making these properties or relations the objects of new judgments, mathematics practices “abstraction” in a sense that does not reduce to the psychic operation of reserving one's attention to certain features of a percept at the expense of others.","PeriodicalId":38393,"journal":{"name":"Philosophie","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135209677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Altérité et mondanéité chez Karl Löwith","authors":"G. Fagniez","doi":"10.3917/philo.158.0108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/philo.158.0108","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38393,"journal":{"name":"Philosophie","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70359584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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