It is now possible for probation officers to detect probationer alcohol use remotely and continuously. This essay describes three devices intended to collect Drug and alcohol use Information from REmote and Continuous Testing, or what I call DIRECT surveillance. It also highlights some of the major questions associated with the implementation, consequences, and future of DIRECT surveillance. While most of the focus is on alcohol use among probationers and parolees, the essay does discuss the use of these technologies in other settings, and for other drugs. It also addresses issues related to other types of electronic monitoring which can be used separately or in conjunction with DIRECT surveillance (e.g., GPS).
{"title":"The Future of DIRECT Surveillance: Drug and alcohol use Information from REmote and Continuous Testing","authors":"B. Kilmer","doi":"10.2202/1941-2851.1004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2202/1941-2851.1004","url":null,"abstract":"It is now possible for probation officers to detect probationer alcohol use remotely and continuously. This essay describes three devices intended to collect Drug and alcohol use Information from REmote and Continuous Testing, or what I call DIRECT surveillance. It also highlights some of the major questions associated with the implementation, consequences, and future of DIRECT surveillance. While most of the focus is on alcohol use among probationers and parolees, the essay does discuss the use of these technologies in other settings, and for other drugs. It also addresses issues related to other types of electronic monitoring which can be used separately or in conjunction with DIRECT surveillance (e.g., GPS).","PeriodicalId":38436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Policy Analysis","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2202/1941-2851.1004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68795190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Current Federal laws over-punish minor crack dealers. A legislative fix for the problem has proven politically infeasible. Drug, form, and quantity, which form the basis of the existing sentencing schema, are relatively poor proxies of the dangerousness of the offender or the harm created by the conduct-pattern underlying the case. An administrative requirement that low-level crack prosecutions be approved centrally could ensure that the five-years-for-five-grams mandatory sentence is not over-used, while keeping that sentence available for the relatively rare cases (e.g., as part of crackdowns on gang violence) in which it is justified.
{"title":"An Administrative Remedy for the Crack Mandatory Sentencing Problem","authors":"M. Kleiman","doi":"10.2202/1941-2851.1003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2202/1941-2851.1003","url":null,"abstract":"Current Federal laws over-punish minor crack dealers. A legislative fix for the problem has proven politically infeasible. Drug, form, and quantity, which form the basis of the existing sentencing schema, are relatively poor proxies of the dangerousness of the offender or the harm created by the conduct-pattern underlying the case. An administrative requirement that low-level crack prosecutions be approved centrally could ensure that the five-years-for-five-grams mandatory sentence is not over-used, while keeping that sentence available for the relatively rare cases (e.g., as part of crackdowns on gang violence) in which it is justified.","PeriodicalId":38436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Policy Analysis","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2202/1941-2851.1003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68795130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Is Medicinal Opium Production Afghanistan's Answer?: A Reply To Comments","authors":"Victoria Greenfield, L. Paoli, P. Reuter","doi":"10.2202/1941-2851.1022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2202/1941-2851.1022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Policy Analysis","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2202/1941-2851.1022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68795064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：