Pub Date : 2024-07-22DOI: 10.2174/0126671212299393240603080010
Abdullah Almurayh, Abdelrahman Bedaiwy, Ahmed Elsharkasy
A traffic and speed enforcement system in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia known as Saher employs traffic monitoring and speed enforcement around the clock using surveillance cameras. Vehicle drivers' attitudes towards this system vary due to several variables. The study investigates the impact on the prediction of male vehicle drivers’ orientation towards the application of the Saher system and whether there is a difference in the vehicle drivers’ orientation toward the system over time (five years later). The study sample consisted of 761 participants from Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University. The quantitative approach was a questionnaire titled “Vehicle Drivers’ Orientation towards the Application of the Traffic and Speed Enforcement Surveillance System (Saher)”, which was applied in 2016 and 2021. The psychometric characteristics of the study tool were ascertained, the data was quantitatively analyzed, and the results showed that vehicle drivers’ orientations toward the Saher system were positive, the nationality and number and type of violation contribute to predicting their orientation toward the system at varying rates, and the orientation of vehicle drivers toward the system improved five years later. The study recommends conducting a study with wider societal segments, including women who started driving in Saudi Arabia in 2018, while also focusing on the qualitative aspect of the analysis of the study findings, taking testimonials of the groups that have been involved in accidents and families of groups who have suffered from deaths in order to determine their orientations towards the system.
{"title":"Predicting the Orientation of Vehicle Drivers towards the Traffic and Speed Enforcement Surveillance System","authors":"Abdullah Almurayh, Abdelrahman Bedaiwy, Ahmed Elsharkasy","doi":"10.2174/0126671212299393240603080010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0126671212299393240603080010","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 A traffic and speed enforcement system in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia known as Saher employs traffic monitoring and speed enforcement around the clock using surveillance cameras. Vehicle drivers' attitudes towards this system vary due to several variables.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The study investigates the impact on the prediction of male vehicle drivers’ orientation towards the application of the Saher system and whether there is a difference in the vehicle drivers’ orientation toward the system over time (five years later).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The study sample consisted of 761 participants from Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University. The quantitative approach was a questionnaire titled “Vehicle Drivers’ Orientation towards the Application of the Traffic and Speed Enforcement Surveillance System (Saher)”, which was applied in 2016 and 2021.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The psychometric characteristics of the study tool were ascertained, the data was quantitatively analyzed, and the results showed that vehicle drivers’ orientations toward the Saher system were positive, the nationality and number and type of violation contribute to predicting their orientation toward the system at varying rates, and the orientation of vehicle drivers toward the system improved five years later.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The study recommends conducting a study with wider societal segments, including women who started driving in Saudi Arabia in 2018, while also focusing on the qualitative aspect of the analysis of the study findings, taking testimonials of the groups that have been involved in accidents and families of groups who have suffered from deaths in order to determine their orientations towards the system.\u0000","PeriodicalId":385106,"journal":{"name":"The Open Transportation Journal","volume":"16 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141814587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-10DOI: 10.2174/0118744478281682240627062300
Evgeniya Gerasimenko
Evacuation in case of disasters is of the greatest importance because of significant occurrences of natural and artificial disasters worldwide, which is why a reliable evacuation plan is always needed. However, evacuation models are difficult to develop due to various uncertain aspects that need to be considered, multiple and often conflicting criteria for evaluation and as lack of expertise regarding a specific preference of alternatives. This study aims to transport the maximum number of evacuees in a dynamic network with lane reversal by a safe pattern of transportation, i.e., allowing storage at intermediate nodes. The optimal order of shelters and intermediate nodes for a reliable evacuation plan will be defined by incomplete intuitionistic fuzzy preference relation. The illustrated method incorporates multiple and often conflicting criteria into a process of emergency decision-making. When evaluating evacuation alternatives, a decision-maker may hesitate and be unsure which alternative is better or not have sufficient expertise to evaluate a pair of alternatives. To model uncertainty and hesitation, intuitionistic fuzzy values are used to describe alternatives in more detail. This study relies on flow models and graph theory to simulate the movement of evacuees to safe destinations. Furthermore, fuzzy methods and their recent modifications are applied to determine the effective priority order of shelters. A case study which simulates the evacuation of aggrieved to safe destinations is presented. A method of evaluating the shelters and intermediate nodes for evacuation based on incomplete intuitionistic fuzzy preference relation is proposed. The method allows the missed values of experts’ assessments to be filled in regarding the evacuation alternatives and deals with intuitionistic fuzzy values, which describe experts’ hesitation. The dynamic character of flow distribution enables transit arc capacities and time factors to be processed. The contraflow technique, which is a powerful tool to decrease traffic jams and congestion on roads by reversing the movement along the unused segments, is applied to maximize the number of survivors. The results of the method were compared to those of existing methods, and their consistency was proved. In the future, we intend to apply interval-valued intuitionistic preference relations and iterative algorithms to improve the consistency of intuitionistic preference relations to the tasks of transporting the maximum possible number of aggrieved to safe locations.
{"title":"Dynamic Flow Algorithm with Intermediate Storage for Emergency Evacuation Allowing Lane Reversal based on Incomplete Intuitionistic Fuzzy Preference Relation","authors":"Evgeniya Gerasimenko","doi":"10.2174/0118744478281682240627062300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118744478281682240627062300","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Evacuation in case of disasters is of the greatest importance because of significant occurrences of natural and artificial disasters worldwide, which is why a reliable evacuation plan is always needed. However, evacuation models are difficult to develop due to various uncertain aspects that need to be considered, multiple and often conflicting criteria for evaluation and as lack of expertise regarding a specific preference of alternatives.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This study aims to transport the maximum number of evacuees in a dynamic network with lane reversal by a safe pattern of transportation, i.e., allowing storage at intermediate nodes. The optimal order of shelters and intermediate nodes for a reliable evacuation plan will be defined by incomplete intuitionistic fuzzy preference relation.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The illustrated method incorporates multiple and often conflicting criteria into a process of emergency decision-making. When evaluating evacuation alternatives, a decision-maker may hesitate and be unsure which alternative is better or not have sufficient expertise to evaluate a pair of alternatives. To model uncertainty and hesitation, intuitionistic fuzzy values are used to describe alternatives in more detail. This study relies on flow models and graph theory to simulate the movement of evacuees to safe destinations. Furthermore, fuzzy methods and their recent modifications are applied to determine the effective priority order of shelters. A case study which simulates the evacuation of aggrieved to safe destinations is presented.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A method of evaluating the shelters and intermediate nodes for evacuation based on incomplete intuitionistic fuzzy preference relation is proposed. The method allows the missed values of experts’ assessments to be filled in regarding the evacuation alternatives and deals with intuitionistic fuzzy values, which describe experts’ hesitation. The dynamic character of flow distribution enables transit arc capacities and time factors to be processed. The contraflow technique, which is a powerful tool to decrease traffic jams and congestion on roads by reversing the movement along the unused segments, is applied to maximize the number of survivors.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The results of the method were compared to those of existing methods, and their consistency was proved. In the future, we intend to apply interval-valued intuitionistic preference relations and iterative algorithms to improve the consistency of intuitionistic preference relations to the tasks of transporting the maximum possible number of aggrieved to safe locations.\u0000","PeriodicalId":385106,"journal":{"name":"The Open Transportation Journal","volume":"26 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141659812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-07DOI: 10.2174/0126671212315104240521104431
Farah Kobeissy, R. Faddoul, Laurent Carnis, Wassim Raphael
This study aims to investigate adaptive driving behaviors in response to road complexity in Lebanon, emphasizing how multifaceted factors influence these adaptations. Lebanon faces major road safety challenges due to its deteriorating infrastructure and diverse socio-economic conditions. Addressing these issues, the research examines the interaction between infrastructure, vehicle conditions, and road user adaptation, with the objective of informing more effective safety strategies. This study aimsto explore adaptive driving behaviors among Lebanese drivers across different environmental complexities and the influence of demographic and socio-economic factors on these behaviors. Through a comprehensive survey among a representative sample, drivers were segmented into three clusters using the K-Prototypes algorithm to assess self-reported driving speeds, the impact of road elements on behavior, and the role of various factors on driving patterns. The Clustering analysis identified three distinct groups, each exhibiting unique adaptive driving behaviors: Cluster 1 consists of mature, conservative drivers; Cluster 2 includes predominantly young, cautious female drivers; and Cluster 3 comprises younger male drivers with riskier behaviors. These findings illustrate significant behavioral variations and highlight the influence of demographic profiles on driving behavior. The research underscores the necessity of a nuanced road safety strategy that acknowledges the diverse adaptive behaviors of Lebanese drivers It recommends specific policy adjustments, such as differentiated speed limits and targeted educational programs, to cater to the distinct needs of each driver cluster. Further research is suggested to continuously refine and customize road safety measures, accommodating the complex driving environment in Lebanon.
{"title":"A Clustering Analysis of Lebanese Adaptive Driving Behaviors in Response to Road Complexity","authors":"Farah Kobeissy, R. Faddoul, Laurent Carnis, Wassim Raphael","doi":"10.2174/0126671212315104240521104431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0126671212315104240521104431","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 This study aims to investigate adaptive driving behaviors in response to road complexity in Lebanon, emphasizing how multifaceted factors influence these adaptations.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Lebanon faces major road safety challenges due to its deteriorating infrastructure and diverse socio-economic conditions. Addressing these issues, the research examines the interaction between infrastructure, vehicle conditions, and road user adaptation, with the objective of informing more effective safety strategies.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This study aimsto explore adaptive driving behaviors among Lebanese drivers across different environmental complexities and the influence of demographic and socio-economic factors on these behaviors.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Through a comprehensive survey among a representative sample, drivers were segmented into three clusters using the K-Prototypes algorithm to assess self-reported driving speeds, the impact of road elements on behavior, and the role of various factors on driving patterns.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The Clustering analysis identified three distinct groups, each exhibiting unique adaptive driving behaviors: Cluster 1 consists of mature, conservative drivers; Cluster 2 includes predominantly young, cautious female drivers; and Cluster 3 comprises younger male drivers with riskier behaviors. These findings illustrate significant behavioral variations and highlight the influence of demographic profiles on driving behavior.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The research underscores the necessity of a nuanced road safety strategy that acknowledges the diverse adaptive behaviors of Lebanese drivers It recommends specific policy adjustments, such as differentiated speed limits and targeted educational programs, to cater to the distinct needs of each driver cluster. Further research is suggested to continuously refine and customize road safety measures, accommodating the complex driving environment in Lebanon.\u0000","PeriodicalId":385106,"journal":{"name":"The Open Transportation Journal","volume":"12 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141375525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.2174/0126671212308027240430114324
Erika Olivari, S. Gurrì, C. Caballini, Tiziano Carotta, Bruno Dalla Chiara
Electrification of handling equipment and vehicles used in seaports is becoming increasingly common. The electrification of port equipment is potentially beneficial in terms of local environmental impact and operating costs. However, initial investments are very high. The goal of this paper is to provide a tool for decision-makers to assess the technological and financial feasibility of electrifying yard tractors in a container terminal. Considering the technological development of batteries expected in the coming years, the paper investigates when the electrification of yard tractors could be cost-effective. The paper proposes a technical and economic-financial analysis to assess the feasibility of a transition of port handling equipment from internal combustion diesel engines to electric vehicles. The proposed methodology is applied to the case study of the PSA-SECH terminal in the port of Genoa (Italy), demonstrating the advantages and limitations of electric tractors in the port context. The analysis shows that the use of electric powertrains for yard tractors is feasible technologically and from the point of view of energy use. However, at present, the investment is not profitable given the current situation in terms of costs and technology. Electrification of yard tractors is a potentially beneficial transformation for port handling processes. Nevertheless, the entire energy chain should be considered in order to assess its environmental sustainability. Other alternative powertrains should be investigated.
{"title":"Ports Go Green: A Cost-energy Analysis Applied to a Case Study on Evaluating the Electrification of Yard Tractors","authors":"Erika Olivari, S. Gurrì, C. Caballini, Tiziano Carotta, Bruno Dalla Chiara","doi":"10.2174/0126671212308027240430114324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0126671212308027240430114324","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Electrification of handling equipment and vehicles used in seaports is becoming increasingly common. The electrification of port equipment is potentially beneficial in terms of local environmental impact and operating costs. However, initial investments are very high.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The goal of this paper is to provide a tool for decision-makers to assess the technological and financial feasibility of electrifying yard tractors in a container terminal. Considering the technological development of batteries expected in the coming years, the paper investigates when the electrification of yard tractors could be cost-effective.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The paper proposes a technical and economic-financial analysis to assess the feasibility of a transition of port handling equipment from internal combustion diesel engines to electric vehicles. The proposed methodology is applied to the case study of the PSA-SECH terminal in the port of Genoa (Italy), demonstrating the advantages and limitations of electric tractors in the port context.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The analysis shows that the use of electric powertrains for yard tractors is feasible technologically and from the point of view of energy use. However, at present, the investment is not profitable given the current situation in terms of costs and technology.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Electrification of yard tractors is a potentially beneficial transformation for port handling processes. Nevertheless, the entire energy chain should be considered in order to assess its environmental sustainability. Other alternative powertrains should be investigated.\u0000","PeriodicalId":385106,"journal":{"name":"The Open Transportation Journal","volume":"6 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141267838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-24DOI: 10.2174/0126671212309843240516104603
Nguyen Thi Tuyet Dung, Nguyen Huu Dung, D. Hai
The North-South high-speed rail development is a completely new field in Vietnam. Calculations show that Vietnam's high-speed rail system will attract a significant amount of investment, which is 4-5 times higher than developing highways, and the annual operation and maintenance costs are three times higher. Public-Private Partnership (PPP) investment is effective and required to ease the strain on the state budget. This research aims to build a database for calculating the financial efficiency of the high-speed rail project (Hanoi -Vinh line), thereby establishing a mechanism for sharing benefits and risks between the state and investors through financial scenarios: applying Build - Operate - Transfer (BOT) contracts with state participation rates of 50% and 80%, respectively. The qualitative research method is used to determine the indicators influencing the project's benefits and costs, assume and adjust economic, financial, and fare parameters based on Vietnam's actual conditions, and investigate and survey the affected areas to assess passenger transport demand. Furthermore, the financial efficiency of the project is calculated, and various participation options for the parties involved are proposed to attract investors.
{"title":"Research on Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Investment under Build - Operate - Transfer (BOT) and Build-Lease-Transfer (BLT) Contract Types in the High-Speed North-South Rail Project (HSR), the Hanoi - Vinh Line","authors":"Nguyen Thi Tuyet Dung, Nguyen Huu Dung, D. Hai","doi":"10.2174/0126671212309843240516104603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0126671212309843240516104603","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The North-South high-speed rail development is a completely new field in Vietnam. Calculations show that Vietnam's high-speed rail system will attract a significant amount of investment, which is 4-5 times higher than developing highways, and the annual operation and maintenance costs are three times higher.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Public-Private Partnership (PPP) investment is effective and required to ease the strain on the state budget. This research aims to build a database for calculating the financial efficiency of the high-speed rail project (Hanoi -Vinh line), thereby establishing a mechanism for sharing benefits and risks between the state and investors through financial scenarios: applying Build - Operate - Transfer (BOT) contracts with state participation rates of 50% and 80%, respectively.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The qualitative research method is used to determine the indicators influencing the project's benefits and costs, assume and adjust economic, financial, and fare parameters based on Vietnam's actual conditions, and investigate and survey the affected areas to assess passenger transport demand.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Furthermore, the financial efficiency of the project is calculated, and various participation options for the parties involved are proposed to attract investors.\u0000","PeriodicalId":385106,"journal":{"name":"The Open Transportation Journal","volume":"20 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141099601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-17DOI: 10.2174/0126671212297728240418104448
Cauhape Casaux Marina Lorena, Angelone Silvia Maria, Raffaelli Juan Pablo, Martínez Fernando Oscar, Zorzutti Vinti Luis Miguel, Reano Julieta
Nowadays, there is a growing interest in achieving sustainable alternatives to conventional flexible pavements. The incorporation of recycled materials into asphalt mixtures has become a departure point. This study focuses on developing sustainable asphalt mixtures incorporating different residues to find a material that performs well on both technical and environmental grounds. Mixtures with recycled materials and others are compared on a pavement structure. A mechanistic-empirical pavement design method is used to carry out analyses in different conditions. A Life Cycle Assessment is conducted to consider the balance of positive and negative environmental aspects of each mixture and pavement structure. The results indicate that all mixtures with sustainable features have a longer life span and an enhanced performance. They also incur higher impacts per tonne produced. However, the “avoided impact” is considered in their favour. Mixtures with enhanced mechanical properties are key to achieving long-term environmental benefits. The usage of local materials is also essential. Proving that unconventional mixtures have a satisfactory performance requires innovative, properly calibrated models and a thorough material characterization. Accurately reflecting on their in-service behaviour is key to evaluating the environmental benefits.
{"title":"Comparative Study of Mechanistic-empirical Structural Design Methods Applied to Sustainable Asphalt Mixtures","authors":"Cauhape Casaux Marina Lorena, Angelone Silvia Maria, Raffaelli Juan Pablo, Martínez Fernando Oscar, Zorzutti Vinti Luis Miguel, Reano Julieta","doi":"10.2174/0126671212297728240418104448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0126671212297728240418104448","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Nowadays, there is a growing interest in achieving sustainable alternatives to conventional flexible pavements. The incorporation of recycled materials into asphalt mixtures has become a departure point. This study focuses on developing sustainable asphalt mixtures incorporating different residues to find a material that performs well on both technical and environmental grounds.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Mixtures with recycled materials and others are compared on a pavement structure. A mechanistic-empirical pavement design method is used to carry out analyses in different conditions. A Life Cycle Assessment is conducted to consider the balance of positive and negative environmental aspects of each mixture and pavement structure.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The results indicate that all mixtures with sustainable features have a longer life span and an enhanced performance. They also incur higher impacts per tonne produced. However, the “avoided impact” is considered in their favour.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Mixtures with enhanced mechanical properties are key to achieving long-term environmental benefits. The usage of local materials is also essential.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Proving that unconventional mixtures have a satisfactory performance requires innovative, properly calibrated models and a thorough material characterization. Accurately reflecting on their in-service behaviour is key to evaluating the environmental benefits.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":385106,"journal":{"name":"The Open Transportation Journal","volume":"3 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140963099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-13DOI: 10.2174/0126671212288201240206074548
Saumik Sakib Bin Masud, Abid Hossain, Nazifa Akter, Hemin Mohammed
Highway safety remains a significant issue, with road crashes being a leading cause of fatalities and injuries. While several studies have been conducted on crash severity, few have analyzed and predicted specific types of crashes, such as fatal crashes. Identifying the key factors associated with fatal crashes and predicting their occurrence can help develop effective preventative measures. This study intended to develop cluster analysis and ML-based models using crash data to extract the prominent factors behind fatal crash occurrences and analyze the inherent pattern of variables contributing to fatal crashes. Several branches and categories of supervised ML models have been implemented for fatality prediction and their results have been compared. SHAP analysis was conducted using the ML model to explore the contributing factors of fatal crashes. Additionally, the underlying hidden patterns of fatal crashes have been evaluated using K-means clustering, and specific fatal crash scenarios have been extracted. The deep neural networks model achieved 85% accuracy in predicting fatal crashes in Kansas. Factors, such as speed limits, nighttime, darker road conditions, two-lane highways, highway interchange areas, motorcycle and tractor-trailer involvement, and head-on collisions were found to be influential. Moreover, the clusters were able to discern certain scenarios of fatal crashes. The study can provide a clear image of the important factors related to fatal crashes, which can be utilized to create new safety protocols and countermeasures to reduce fatal crashes. The results from cluster analysis can facilitate transportation professionals with representative scenarios, which will benefit in identifying potential fatal crash conditions.
公路安全仍然是一个重大问题，道路碰撞事故是造成人员伤亡的主要原因。虽然已经开展了多项关于车祸严重程度的研究，但很少有研究对特定类型的车祸（如致命车祸）进行分析和预测。找出与致命碰撞事故相关的关键因素并预测其发生率，有助于制定有效的预防措施。 本研究旨在利用碰撞数据建立聚类分析和基于 ML 的模型，以提取致命碰撞发生背后的突出因素，并分析导致致命碰撞的变量的内在模式。 在死亡预测方面，已实施了多个分支和类别的有监督 ML 模型，并对其结果进行了比较。使用 ML 模型进行了 SHAP 分析，以探索致命碰撞事故的诱因。此外，还使用 K-means 聚类对致命碰撞事故的潜在隐藏模式进行了评估，并提取了具体的致命碰撞情景。 深度神经网络模型预测堪萨斯州致命车祸的准确率达到 85%。研究发现，限速、夜间、较暗路况、双车道高速公路、高速公路交汇区、摩托车和牵引车参与以及正面碰撞等因素都有影响。此外，这些群组还能辨别出致命碰撞的某些情况。 这项研究可以提供与致命碰撞事故相关的重要因素的清晰图像，并可用于制定新的安全规程和对策，以减少致命碰撞事故。聚类分析的结果可以为交通专业人员提供具有代表性的情景，这将有利于识别潜在的致命碰撞事故情况。
{"title":"Fatal Crash Occurrence Prediction and Pattern Evaluation by Applying Machine Learning Techniques","authors":"Saumik Sakib Bin Masud, Abid Hossain, Nazifa Akter, Hemin Mohammed","doi":"10.2174/0126671212288201240206074548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0126671212288201240206074548","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Highway safety remains a significant issue, with road crashes being a leading cause of fatalities and injuries. While several studies have been conducted on crash severity, few have analyzed and predicted specific types of crashes, such as fatal crashes. Identifying the key factors associated with fatal crashes and predicting their occurrence can help develop effective preventative measures.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This study intended to develop cluster analysis and ML-based models using crash data to extract the prominent factors behind fatal crash occurrences and analyze the inherent pattern of variables contributing to fatal crashes.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Several branches and categories of supervised ML models have been implemented for fatality prediction and their results have been compared. SHAP analysis was conducted using the ML model to explore the contributing factors of fatal crashes. Additionally, the underlying hidden patterns of fatal crashes have been evaluated using K-means clustering, and specific fatal crash scenarios have been extracted.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The deep neural networks model achieved 85% accuracy in predicting fatal crashes in Kansas. Factors, such as speed limits, nighttime, darker road conditions, two-lane highways, highway interchange areas, motorcycle and tractor-trailer involvement, and head-on collisions were found to be influential. Moreover, the clusters were able to discern certain scenarios of fatal crashes.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The study can provide a clear image of the important factors related to fatal crashes, which can be utilized to create new safety protocols and countermeasures to reduce fatal crashes. The results from cluster analysis can facilitate transportation professionals with representative scenarios, which will benefit in identifying potential fatal crash conditions.\u0000","PeriodicalId":385106,"journal":{"name":"The Open Transportation Journal","volume":"122 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139780846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-13DOI: 10.2174/0126671212288201240206074548
Saumik Sakib Bin Masud, Abid Hossain, Nazifa Akter, Hemin Mohammed
Highway safety remains a significant issue, with road crashes being a leading cause of fatalities and injuries. While several studies have been conducted on crash severity, few have analyzed and predicted specific types of crashes, such as fatal crashes. Identifying the key factors associated with fatal crashes and predicting their occurrence can help develop effective preventative measures. This study intended to develop cluster analysis and ML-based models using crash data to extract the prominent factors behind fatal crash occurrences and analyze the inherent pattern of variables contributing to fatal crashes. Several branches and categories of supervised ML models have been implemented for fatality prediction and their results have been compared. SHAP analysis was conducted using the ML model to explore the contributing factors of fatal crashes. Additionally, the underlying hidden patterns of fatal crashes have been evaluated using K-means clustering, and specific fatal crash scenarios have been extracted. The deep neural networks model achieved 85% accuracy in predicting fatal crashes in Kansas. Factors, such as speed limits, nighttime, darker road conditions, two-lane highways, highway interchange areas, motorcycle and tractor-trailer involvement, and head-on collisions were found to be influential. Moreover, the clusters were able to discern certain scenarios of fatal crashes. The study can provide a clear image of the important factors related to fatal crashes, which can be utilized to create new safety protocols and countermeasures to reduce fatal crashes. The results from cluster analysis can facilitate transportation professionals with representative scenarios, which will benefit in identifying potential fatal crash conditions.
公路安全仍然是一个重大问题，道路碰撞事故是造成人员伤亡的主要原因。虽然已经开展了多项关于车祸严重程度的研究，但很少有研究对特定类型的车祸（如致命车祸）进行分析和预测。找出与致命碰撞事故相关的关键因素并预测其发生率，有助于制定有效的预防措施。 本研究旨在利用碰撞数据建立聚类分析和基于 ML 的模型，以提取致命碰撞发生背后的突出因素，并分析导致致命碰撞的变量的内在模式。 在死亡预测方面，已实施了多个分支和类别的有监督 ML 模型，并对其结果进行了比较。使用 ML 模型进行了 SHAP 分析，以探索致命碰撞事故的诱因。此外，还使用 K-means 聚类对致命碰撞事故的潜在隐藏模式进行了评估，并提取了具体的致命碰撞情景。 深度神经网络模型预测堪萨斯州致命车祸的准确率达到 85%。研究发现，限速、夜间、较暗路况、双车道高速公路、高速公路交汇区、摩托车和牵引车参与以及正面碰撞等因素都有影响。此外，这些群组还能辨别出致命碰撞的某些情况。 这项研究可以提供与致命碰撞事故相关的重要因素的清晰图像，并可用于制定新的安全规程和对策，以减少致命碰撞事故。聚类分析的结果可以为交通专业人员提供具有代表性的情景，这将有利于识别潜在的致命碰撞事故情况。
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Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.2174/0126671212272101231128060918
Ravil Safiullin, Haotian Tian
The road transportation sector faces rising task complexity, driving the development of localized telematic traffic control systems. Integrating cutting-edge technologies is essential, surpassing administrative measures. A methodological approach is imperative for successful implementation. This study aimed to improve the efficiency of the implementation of intelligent information and communication technologies in the passenger transport system of urban agglomerations on the basis of objective assessment and rational choice of hardware complex in the field of vehicle traffic management. For the evaluation and effective implementation of intelligent hardware complexes in passenger transportation, diverse techniques, including mathematics and computer modelling, expert evaluations, theory of algorithms, computational experiment, mathematical statistics, observation, and measurement, were employed. The approach of effective implementation of hardware complexes in passenger transportation management is proposed, and the order of calculation of passenger transport motion interval is developed. The calculations of economic and technical feasibility showed an increase of efficiency by 20-40% and a return on investment by 47%. The developed methodological approach for the effective implementation of intelligent hardware complexes in passenger transportation process control can serve as methodological support for the modernization of the automation and traffic control system of passenger transport. Further research will be aimed at automating the method by developing application software for the effective implementation of hardware technical control systems based on the described method. Additionally, this research can contribute to a broader study of complex systems, unraveling connections between parameters, information and technical aspects of hardware complexes and transportation and operational metrics in passenger transport processes.
{"title":"Method of Effective Implementation of Intelligent Hardware Complexes in the Management of Passenger Transportation Processes within Urban Agglomerations","authors":"Ravil Safiullin, Haotian Tian","doi":"10.2174/0126671212272101231128060918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0126671212272101231128060918","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The road transportation sector faces rising task complexity, driving the development of localized telematic traffic control systems. Integrating cutting-edge technologies is essential, surpassing administrative measures. A methodological approach is imperative for successful implementation.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This study aimed to improve the efficiency of the implementation of intelligent information and communication technologies in the passenger transport system of urban agglomerations on the basis of objective assessment and rational choice of hardware complex in the field of vehicle traffic management.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 For the evaluation and effective implementation of intelligent hardware complexes in passenger transportation, diverse techniques, including mathematics and computer modelling, expert evaluations, theory of algorithms, computational experiment, mathematical statistics, observation, and measurement, were employed.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The approach of effective implementation of hardware complexes in passenger transportation management is proposed, and the order of calculation of passenger transport motion interval is developed. The calculations of economic and technical feasibility showed an increase of efficiency by 20-40% and a return on investment by 47%.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The developed methodological approach for the effective implementation of intelligent hardware complexes in passenger transportation process control can serve as methodological support for the modernization of the automation and traffic control system of passenger transport. Further research will be aimed at automating the method by developing application software for the effective implementation of hardware technical control systems based on the described method. Additionally, this research can contribute to a broader study of complex systems, unraveling connections between parameters, information and technical aspects of hardware complexes and transportation and operational metrics in passenger transport processes.\u0000","PeriodicalId":385106,"journal":{"name":"The Open Transportation Journal","volume":"279 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139857506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.2174/0126671212272101231128060918
Ravil Safiullin, Haotian Tian
The road transportation sector faces rising task complexity, driving the development of localized telematic traffic control systems. Integrating cutting-edge technologies is essential, surpassing administrative measures. A methodological approach is imperative for successful implementation. This study aimed to improve the efficiency of the implementation of intelligent information and communication technologies in the passenger transport system of urban agglomerations on the basis of objective assessment and rational choice of hardware complex in the field of vehicle traffic management. For the evaluation and effective implementation of intelligent hardware complexes in passenger transportation, diverse techniques, including mathematics and computer modelling, expert evaluations, theory of algorithms, computational experiment, mathematical statistics, observation, and measurement, were employed. The approach of effective implementation of hardware complexes in passenger transportation management is proposed, and the order of calculation of passenger transport motion interval is developed. The calculations of economic and technical feasibility showed an increase of efficiency by 20-40% and a return on investment by 47%. The developed methodological approach for the effective implementation of intelligent hardware complexes in passenger transportation process control can serve as methodological support for the modernization of the automation and traffic control system of passenger transport. Further research will be aimed at automating the method by developing application software for the effective implementation of hardware technical control systems based on the described method. Additionally, this research can contribute to a broader study of complex systems, unraveling connections between parameters, information and technical aspects of hardware complexes and transportation and operational metrics in passenger transport processes.
{"title":"Method of Effective Implementation of Intelligent Hardware Complexes in the Management of Passenger Transportation Processes within Urban Agglomerations","authors":"Ravil Safiullin, Haotian Tian","doi":"10.2174/0126671212272101231128060918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0126671212272101231128060918","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The road transportation sector faces rising task complexity, driving the development of localized telematic traffic control systems. Integrating cutting-edge technologies is essential, surpassing administrative measures. A methodological approach is imperative for successful implementation.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This study aimed to improve the efficiency of the implementation of intelligent information and communication technologies in the passenger transport system of urban agglomerations on the basis of objective assessment and rational choice of hardware complex in the field of vehicle traffic management.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 For the evaluation and effective implementation of intelligent hardware complexes in passenger transportation, diverse techniques, including mathematics and computer modelling, expert evaluations, theory of algorithms, computational experiment, mathematical statistics, observation, and measurement, were employed.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The approach of effective implementation of hardware complexes in passenger transportation management is proposed, and the order of calculation of passenger transport motion interval is developed. The calculations of economic and technical feasibility showed an increase of efficiency by 20-40% and a return on investment by 47%.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The developed methodological approach for the effective implementation of intelligent hardware complexes in passenger transportation process control can serve as methodological support for the modernization of the automation and traffic control system of passenger transport. Further research will be aimed at automating the method by developing application software for the effective implementation of hardware technical control systems based on the described method. Additionally, this research can contribute to a broader study of complex systems, unraveling connections between parameters, information and technical aspects of hardware complexes and transportation and operational metrics in passenger transport processes.\u0000","PeriodicalId":385106,"journal":{"name":"The Open Transportation Journal","volume":"44 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139797555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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