Pub Date : 2017-09-04DOI: 10.1504/IJAMECHS.2017.10007356
A. Kareem
In this paper, a super-twisting sliding mode controller with a moving sliding surface is proposed for electronic throttle control. The idea behind this control algorithm is to utilise a fuzzy logic controller to vary the sliding surface based on error and rate of change of error. The simulation results have confirmed the improved dynamic performance of the proposed control algorithm in terms of faster response compared with super-twisting sliding mode controller with a fixed sliding surface. The improvement in the dynamic performance is achieved without compromising the stability, robustness and tracking accuracy.
{"title":"Super-twisting sliding mode controller with fuzzy logic based moving sliding surface for electronic throttle control","authors":"A. Kareem","doi":"10.1504/IJAMECHS.2017.10007356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJAMECHS.2017.10007356","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a super-twisting sliding mode controller with a moving sliding surface is proposed for electronic throttle control. The idea behind this control algorithm is to utilise a fuzzy logic controller to vary the sliding surface based on error and rate of change of error. The simulation results have confirmed the improved dynamic performance of the proposed control algorithm in terms of faster response compared with super-twisting sliding mode controller with a fixed sliding surface. The improvement in the dynamic performance is achieved without compromising the stability, robustness and tracking accuracy.","PeriodicalId":38583,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Mechatronic Systems","volume":"7 1","pages":"174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48782750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-04DOI: 10.1504/IJAMECHS.2017.10007365
S. Tewiele, M. Schüller, M. Koppers, D. Schramm
The official vehicle consumption data given by the vehicle manufacturer are in many countries based on standardised test cycles such as the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC). In reality, vehicle consumption normally differs depending on the individual usage profile. However, the knowledge of realistic consumption patterns plays an important role especially in the case of electric vehicles due to the range reduction due to energy consumption. This paper gives an overview of the typical usage profiles of electric and hybrid cars based on real driving data, which was recorded within a German conurbation. Based on these recorded driving profiles in combination with appropriate vehicle simulation models realistic consumption patterns and ranges are generated. Effects of different charging scenarios and various battery sizes are discussed. Finally, the suitability and efficiency of conventional cars as well as battery electric and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles for the regarded driving profiles are compared and evaluated.
{"title":"Driving pattern analysis of hybrid and electric vehicles in a German conurbation including a drive system evaluation","authors":"S. Tewiele, M. Schüller, M. Koppers, D. Schramm","doi":"10.1504/IJAMECHS.2017.10007365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJAMECHS.2017.10007365","url":null,"abstract":"The official vehicle consumption data given by the vehicle manufacturer are in many countries based on standardised test cycles such as the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC). In reality, vehicle consumption normally differs depending on the individual usage profile. However, the knowledge of realistic consumption patterns plays an important role especially in the case of electric vehicles due to the range reduction due to energy consumption. This paper gives an overview of the typical usage profiles of electric and hybrid cars based on real driving data, which was recorded within a German conurbation. Based on these recorded driving profiles in combination with appropriate vehicle simulation models realistic consumption patterns and ranges are generated. Effects of different charging scenarios and various battery sizes are discussed. Finally, the suitability and efficiency of conventional cars as well as battery electric and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles for the regarded driving profiles are compared and evaluated.","PeriodicalId":38583,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Mechatronic Systems","volume":"7 1","pages":"158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42923793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-04DOI: 10.1504/IJAMECHS.2017.086206
J. Sim, Rozli Zulkifli, S. Abdullah, Z. Harun
Thermoelectric modules are a useful way to extract waste energy from a readily available low quality heat source. However, the voltage generated by these modules varies with the temperature difference across its surfaces which are prone to fluctuations. Furthermore, the amount of voltage generated by individual modules is low. This can be rectified using voltage converters to stabilise the output voltage at the expense of some efficiency. In the case where a minimal number of modules are being used, a boost converter can be used to increase the input voltage from the thermoelectric modules to a higher level. Our previous study showed the results of the boost conversion process for multiple temperature differences, resulting in multiple input voltages and currents and found that the conversion efficiency increases with increasing input voltage at an almost constant input current. In this paper, we compare the experimental results for conversion efficiency against the expected values provided by the manufacturer, and find that when the input voltage is closer to the desired output voltage, the conversion efficiency increases.
{"title":"Analysis of boost conversion process for a thermoelectric module","authors":"J. Sim, Rozli Zulkifli, S. Abdullah, Z. Harun","doi":"10.1504/IJAMECHS.2017.086206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJAMECHS.2017.086206","url":null,"abstract":"Thermoelectric modules are a useful way to extract waste energy from a readily available low quality heat source. However, the voltage generated by these modules varies with the temperature difference across its surfaces which are prone to fluctuations. Furthermore, the amount of voltage generated by individual modules is low. This can be rectified using voltage converters to stabilise the output voltage at the expense of some efficiency. In the case where a minimal number of modules are being used, a boost converter can be used to increase the input voltage from the thermoelectric modules to a higher level. Our previous study showed the results of the boost conversion process for multiple temperature differences, resulting in multiple input voltages and currents and found that the conversion efficiency increases with increasing input voltage at an almost constant input current. In this paper, we compare the experimental results for conversion efficiency against the expected values provided by the manufacturer, and find that when the input voltage is closer to the desired output voltage, the conversion efficiency increases.","PeriodicalId":38583,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Mechatronic Systems","volume":"7 1","pages":"144-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJAMECHS.2017.086206","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48280259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-04DOI: 10.1504/IJAMECHS.2017.086201
M. Ramli, Xinkai Chen
Hysteresis is a fundamental problem in most smart material-based actuators. This phenomenon limits the performance of systems driven by these actuators. This paper presents a control fusion strategy for hysteretic piezoelectric-based actuators which are described by Bouc-Wen model. A discrete prescribed performance control algorithm is developed and fused into the BW model. To verify the effectiveness of the modelling and control methods, experiments are made on a commercial piezoelectric actuator product. It is shown that the proposed controller guarantees not only the asymptotic stability but also transient performance.
{"title":"Modelling and control of piezoelectric actuators by a class of differential equations-based hysteresis models","authors":"M. Ramli, Xinkai Chen","doi":"10.1504/IJAMECHS.2017.086201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJAMECHS.2017.086201","url":null,"abstract":"Hysteresis is a fundamental problem in most smart material-based actuators. This phenomenon limits the performance of systems driven by these actuators. This paper presents a control fusion strategy for hysteretic piezoelectric-based actuators which are described by Bouc-Wen model. A discrete prescribed performance control algorithm is developed and fused into the BW model. To verify the effectiveness of the modelling and control methods, experiments are made on a commercial piezoelectric actuator product. It is shown that the proposed controller guarantees not only the asymptotic stability but also transient performance.","PeriodicalId":38583,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Mechatronic Systems","volume":"7 1","pages":"165-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJAMECHS.2017.086201","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43619112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-04DOI: 10.1504/IJAMECHS.2017.10007353
V. R. Aparow, K. Hudha, Megat M. H. M. Ahmad, S. Abdullah
An unwanted yaw motion occurred at the centre of gravity (CG) of the wheeled armoured vehicle caused by the impulse force generated during gun turret firing. The recoil force from the gun fire tends to create instability conditions for the armoured vehicle during firing condition and affects the dynamic performance of armoured vehicle in lateral direction. In this paper, an active safety system, active front wheel steering (AFWS) system using estimated disturbance rejection feedback (EDRF) embodiment is proposed to reject the unwanted yaw disturbance and stabilise the armoured vehicle. Besides, the proposed control strategy is also used to re-position the armoured vehicle back to its initial position. Therefore, a summation moment reference input is used to counter back the unwanted firing moment occurred due to gun firing impulse at CG of the armoured vehicle. The armoured vehicle is evaluated via simulation analysis in term of yaw rate, yaw angle, vehicle sideslip angle, lateral acceleration and lateral displacement. Significant improvements up to 75% have been achieved by using the proposed control strategy of AFWS system to reject the external disturbance due to the firing force.
{"title":"Development of estimated disturbance rejection feedback for an armoured vehicle using active front wheel steering","authors":"V. R. Aparow, K. Hudha, Megat M. H. M. Ahmad, S. Abdullah","doi":"10.1504/IJAMECHS.2017.10007353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJAMECHS.2017.10007353","url":null,"abstract":"An unwanted yaw motion occurred at the centre of gravity (CG) of the wheeled armoured vehicle caused by the impulse force generated during gun turret firing. The recoil force from the gun fire tends to create instability conditions for the armoured vehicle during firing condition and affects the dynamic performance of armoured vehicle in lateral direction. In this paper, an active safety system, active front wheel steering (AFWS) system using estimated disturbance rejection feedback (EDRF) embodiment is proposed to reject the unwanted yaw disturbance and stabilise the armoured vehicle. Besides, the proposed control strategy is also used to re-position the armoured vehicle back to its initial position. Therefore, a summation moment reference input is used to counter back the unwanted firing moment occurred due to gun firing impulse at CG of the armoured vehicle. The armoured vehicle is evaluated via simulation analysis in term of yaw rate, yaw angle, vehicle sideslip angle, lateral acceleration and lateral displacement. Significant improvements up to 75% have been achieved by using the proposed control strategy of AFWS system to reject the external disturbance due to the firing force.","PeriodicalId":38583,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Mechatronic Systems","volume":"7 1","pages":"134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44584231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-04DOI: 10.1504/IJAMECHS.2017.086199
I. Mazali, K. B. Tawi, B. Supriyo, N. A. Husain, M. S. C. Kob, M. S. C. Kob
Continuously variable transmission (CVT) with a metal pushing V-belt is widely used by car manufacturers for its advantages particularly in fuel economy. Nevertheless, this CVT currently applies a hydraulic-based actuation system to change and to maintain the desired CVT ratio which leads to reduction of CVT's efficiency due to engine's continuous power consumption. To address this issue, a prototype of electro-mechanically actuated CVT is introduced in this paper. Here, the prototype's working principle is explained and the process to evaluate its workability is described. This evaluation process is necessary to provide reference data for future development of the prototype especially in the areas of ratio control and belt's clamping force control. The evaluation's results suggest that the prototype has a ratio range from 2.93 to 0.67 with using only one DC motor to vary the ratio instead of typically two DC motors used by previous designs of electro-mechanically actuated CVT.
{"title":"Transmission ratio calibration for electro-mechanically actuated continuously variable transmission","authors":"I. Mazali, K. B. Tawi, B. Supriyo, N. A. Husain, M. S. C. Kob, M. S. C. Kob","doi":"10.1504/IJAMECHS.2017.086199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJAMECHS.2017.086199","url":null,"abstract":"Continuously variable transmission (CVT) with a metal pushing V-belt is widely used by car manufacturers for its advantages particularly in fuel economy. Nevertheless, this CVT currently applies a hydraulic-based actuation system to change and to maintain the desired CVT ratio which leads to reduction of CVT's efficiency due to engine's continuous power consumption. To address this issue, a prototype of electro-mechanically actuated CVT is introduced in this paper. Here, the prototype's working principle is explained and the process to evaluate its workability is described. This evaluation process is necessary to provide reference data for future development of the prototype especially in the areas of ratio control and belt's clamping force control. The evaluation's results suggest that the prototype has a ratio range from 2.93 to 0.67 with using only one DC motor to vary the ratio instead of typically two DC motors used by previous designs of electro-mechanically actuated CVT.","PeriodicalId":38583,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Mechatronic Systems","volume":"7 1","pages":"127-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJAMECHS.2017.086199","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47875426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-04DOI: 10.1504/IJAMECHS.2017.086207
A. As’arry, K. A. Rezali, N. A. A. Jalil, R. Samin, Z. A. Zulkefli, M. Zain
A person who has severe hand tremor will have difficulty in doing specific tasks such as eating, combing or holding any objects. Currently, there is no medication that can cure the tremor. Thus, this study proposes the active tremor control, in which an intelligent controller is applied to suppress the hand tremor. The main objective is to optimise the proportional-integral (PI) controller using genetic algorithm (GA). A linear voice coil actuator (LVCA) is applied onto a four degree of freedom (4-DOF) human hand model represented in state space. The findings of the study demonstrate that the PI controller optimised by GA gives excellent performance in reducing the tremor error. Based on the frequency evaluation, the PI controller performance was roughly around 84% in reducing the peak of simulated hand tremor. The outcomes provide an important contribution towards achieving novel methods in suppressing hand tremor model by means of intelligent control.
{"title":"Tremor suppression for 4-DOFs biodynamic hand model using genetic algorithm","authors":"A. As’arry, K. A. Rezali, N. A. A. Jalil, R. Samin, Z. A. Zulkefli, M. Zain","doi":"10.1504/IJAMECHS.2017.086207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJAMECHS.2017.086207","url":null,"abstract":"A person who has severe hand tremor will have difficulty in doing specific tasks such as eating, combing or holding any objects. Currently, there is no medication that can cure the tremor. Thus, this study proposes the active tremor control, in which an intelligent controller is applied to suppress the hand tremor. The main objective is to optimise the proportional-integral (PI) controller using genetic algorithm (GA). A linear voice coil actuator (LVCA) is applied onto a four degree of freedom (4-DOF) human hand model represented in state space. The findings of the study demonstrate that the PI controller optimised by GA gives excellent performance in reducing the tremor error. Based on the frequency evaluation, the PI controller performance was roughly around 84% in reducing the peak of simulated hand tremor. The outcomes provide an important contribution towards achieving novel methods in suppressing hand tremor model by means of intelligent control.","PeriodicalId":38583,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Mechatronic Systems","volume":"7 1","pages":"151-157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJAMECHS.2017.086207","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47812226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01Epub Date: 2015-11-17DOI: 10.1155/2015/238482
Charu Sharma, Bassem Sadek, Sameer N Goyal, Satyesh Sinha, Mohammad Amjad Kamal, Shreesh Ojha
The cannabinoid molecules are derived from Cannabis sativa plant which acts on the cannabinoid receptors types 1 and 2 (CB1 and CB2) which have been explored as potential therapeutic targets for drug discovery and development. Currently, there are numerous cannabinoid based synthetic drugs used in clinical practice like the popular ones such as nabilone, dronabinol, and Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol mediates its action through CB1/CB2 receptors. However, these synthetic based Cannabis derived compounds are known to exert adverse psychiatric effect and have also been exploited for drug abuse. This encourages us to find out an alternative and safe drug with the least psychiatric adverse effects. In recent years, many phytocannabinoids have been isolated from plants other than Cannabis. Several studies have shown that these phytocannabinoids show affinity, potency, selectivity, and efficacy towards cannabinoid receptors and inhibit endocannabinoid metabolizing enzymes, thus reducing hyperactivity of endocannabinoid systems. Also, these naturally derived molecules possess the least adverse effects opposed to the synthetically derived cannabinoids. Therefore, the plant based cannabinoid molecules proved to be promising and emerging therapeutic alternative. The present review provides an overview of therapeutic potential of ligands and plants modulating cannabinoid receptors that may be of interest to pharmaceutical industry in search of new and safer drug discovery and development for future therapeutics.
{"title":"Small Molecules from Nature Targeting G-Protein Coupled Cannabinoid Receptors: Potential Leads for Drug Discovery and Development.","authors":"Charu Sharma, Bassem Sadek, Sameer N Goyal, Satyesh Sinha, Mohammad Amjad Kamal, Shreesh Ojha","doi":"10.1155/2015/238482","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2015/238482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cannabinoid molecules are derived from Cannabis sativa plant which acts on the cannabinoid receptors types 1 and 2 (CB1 and CB2) which have been explored as potential therapeutic targets for drug discovery and development. Currently, there are numerous cannabinoid based synthetic drugs used in clinical practice like the popular ones such as nabilone, dronabinol, and Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol mediates its action through CB1/CB2 receptors. However, these synthetic based Cannabis derived compounds are known to exert adverse psychiatric effect and have also been exploited for drug abuse. This encourages us to find out an alternative and safe drug with the least psychiatric adverse effects. In recent years, many phytocannabinoids have been isolated from plants other than Cannabis. Several studies have shown that these phytocannabinoids show affinity, potency, selectivity, and efficacy towards cannabinoid receptors and inhibit endocannabinoid metabolizing enzymes, thus reducing hyperactivity of endocannabinoid systems. Also, these naturally derived molecules possess the least adverse effects opposed to the synthetically derived cannabinoids. Therefore, the plant based cannabinoid molecules proved to be promising and emerging therapeutic alternative. The present review provides an overview of therapeutic potential of ligands and plants modulating cannabinoid receptors that may be of interest to pharmaceutical industry in search of new and safer drug discovery and development for future therapeutics. </p>","PeriodicalId":38583,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Mechatronic Systems","volume":"2 1","pages":"238482"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4664820/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73048304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper presents the navigation of mobile walking robot systems for movement in non-stationary and non-structured environments. In the first approach are presented main elements for the successful completion of intelligent navigation. The wireless sensor networks (WSN), dynamical stability control, strategies for dynamical control and a Bayesian approach of simultaneous localisation and mapping (SLAM) for avoiding obstacles and dynamical stability control for motion on rough terrain are studied. By processing inertial information of force, torque, tilting and wireless sensor networks (WSN) an intelligent high level algorithm is implementing using the virtual projection method. New capabilities to improve the walking robot stability are developed through the real-time balance motion control. The dynamic robot walking is presented in correlation with a stochastic model of assessing system probability of unidirectional or bidirectional transition states, applying the non-homogeneous/non-stationary Markov chains. The results show that the proposed new navigation strategy of the mobile robot using Bayesian approach walking robot control systems for going around obstacles has increased the robot's mobility and stability in workspace.
{"title":"The navigation of mobile robots in non-stationary and non-structured environments","authors":"V. Vlădăreanu, G. Tont, L. Vlădăreanu","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.30336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.30336","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the navigation of mobile walking robot systems for movement in non-stationary and non-structured environments. In the first approach are presented main elements for the successful completion of intelligent navigation. The wireless sensor networks (WSN), dynamical stability control, strategies for dynamical control and a Bayesian approach of simultaneous localisation and mapping (SLAM) for avoiding obstacles and dynamical stability control for motion on rough terrain are studied. By processing inertial information of force, torque, tilting and wireless sensor networks (WSN) an intelligent high level algorithm is implementing using the virtual projection method. New capabilities to improve the walking robot stability are developed through the real-time balance motion control. The dynamic robot walking is presented in correlation with a stochastic model of assessing system probability of unidirectional or bidirectional transition states, applying the non-homogeneous/non-stationary Markov chains. The results show that the proposed new navigation strategy of the mobile robot using Bayesian approach walking robot control systems for going around obstacles has increased the robot's mobility and stability in workspace.","PeriodicalId":38583,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Mechatronic Systems","volume":"5 1","pages":"232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71068217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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