Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-23DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.12.004
Susan Gorman, Laura Duthie
Neck pain is a common presentation to healthcare services. However, in childhood it can present in a variety of ways depending on the underlying cause and age of the child. It can easily be overlooked, especially in younger children who may not be able verbalize what the problem is. Although clinicians often feel more comfortable in the assessment of neck pain that occurs secondary to trauma, a significant proportion of children will have a medical cause. Many cases of neck pain are self-resolving, but a proportion of children will require further investigation or urgent onward referral based on important and significant clinical findings obtained when assessing the child. This article aims to give an overview of the approach to both traumatic and atraumatic neck pain. It discusses the important features point towards a more significant underlying cause, and the most appropriate investigations to perform.
{"title":"Neck pain in children","authors":"Susan Gorman, Laura Duthie","doi":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neck pain is a common presentation to healthcare services. However, in childhood it can present in a variety of ways depending on the underlying cause and age of the child. It can easily be overlooked, especially in younger children who may not be able verbalize what the problem is. Although clinicians often feel more comfortable in the assessment of neck pain that occurs secondary to trauma, a significant proportion of children will have a medical cause. Many cases of neck pain are self-resolving, but a proportion of children will require further investigation or urgent onward referral based on important and significant clinical findings obtained when assessing the child. This article aims to give an overview of the approach to both traumatic and atraumatic neck pain. It discusses the important features point towards a more significant underlying cause, and the most appropriate investigations to perform.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38589,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom)","volume":"36 3","pages":"Pages 81-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147427915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-17DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.12.001
Kuldeep K Stöhr, Arman Memarzadeh
Musculoskeletal pain, particularly in the hip and knee, is one of the most common presentations to primary care. In the UK, it is not uncommon for these children to find themselves in front of a paediatrician eventually. A swift and accurate diagnosis is expected from all and this article aims to demonstrate how that can be achieved within realistic limits. Failure to diagnose slipped capital femoral epiphysis and osteochondral fragments can result in significant disability and litigation. Informed management of common conditions such as patella instability or muscle strains can mean the difference between self-exclusion from normal sporting activities or safe participation and return to a full social environment.
{"title":"Hip and knee pain in adolescents","authors":"Kuldeep K Stöhr, Arman Memarzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Musculoskeletal pain, particularly in the hip and knee, is one of the most common presentations to primary care. In the UK, it is not uncommon for these children to find themselves in front of a paediatrician eventually. A swift and accurate diagnosis is expected from all and this article aims to demonstrate how that can be achieved within realistic limits. Failure to diagnose slipped capital femoral epiphysis and osteochondral fragments can result in significant disability and litigation. Informed management of common conditions such as patella instability or muscle strains can mean the difference between self-exclusion from normal sporting activities or safe participation and return to a full social environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38589,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom)","volume":"36 3","pages":"Pages 61-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147427920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-03DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.12.003
Salma Shehabi, Kathryn Harrison
Back pain is increasingly common in children and adolescents, with potential impacts on quality of life and ability to perform activities of daily living. This article reviews paediatric back pain assessment and management, highlighting the importance of structured history taking and thorough physical examination to identify red flag symptoms. Causes are highlighted and include mechanical, developmental, inflammatory, infectious, and neoplastic conditions. Targeted investigations, such as lab tests, imaging, and genetic studies, are discussed. Management approaches emphasize a child-centred, holistic approach combining pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. Early detection and tailored management are essential to prevent chronic pain, disability, and missed serious pathology in children and young people.
{"title":"Back on track: assessing back pain in children and young people","authors":"Salma Shehabi, Kathryn Harrison","doi":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Back pain is increasingly common in children and adolescents, with potential impacts on quality of life and ability to perform activities of daily living. This article reviews paediatric back pain assessment and management, highlighting the importance of structured history taking and thorough physical examination to identify red flag symptoms. Causes are highlighted and include mechanical, developmental, inflammatory, infectious, and neoplastic conditions. Targeted investigations, such as lab tests, imaging, and genetic studies, are discussed. Management approaches emphasize a child-centred, holistic approach combining pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. Early detection and tailored management are essential to prevent chronic pain, disability, and missed serious pathology in children and young people.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38589,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom)","volume":"36 3","pages":"Pages 76-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147427917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-26DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.12.005
Muller Theubo, Shil Patel, Aleksandra Brutkowska, Éloise de Sousa, Arpita Chattopadhyay, Andrew Wignell, Dusan Raffaj, Patrick Davies
We report a term 6-week-old infant who presented with extreme hypernatraemia (peak serum sodium 237 mmol/L) due to exogenous salt ingestion, manifesting with lethargy, seizures, and haemodynamic instability. The child developed multi-organ failure, including cardiovascular collapse, renal impairment, and circulatory failure. Management focused on precise sodium titration via peritoneal dialysis supported by a bespoke sodium calculator. Despite two peri-arrest events, quintuple inotropic support, hyperkalaemia, and status epilepticus, multi-organ failure was reversed and serum sodium gradually normalized. Presentation, diagnosis, investigations, neuroradiology, and outcomes of extreme hypernatraemia are discussed. Survival at this level of serum sodium concentration has not previously been described, and the cellular and physiological effects were unknown. At 2 months post-admission, gross neurology appeared normal. A unilateral Syme amputation was required due to lower limb hypoperfusion. This case illustrates the challenges of managing severe hypernatraemia and the potential for recovery with meticulous titration strategies despite life-threatening complications.
{"title":"Extreme hypernatraemia in infancy, with a case of survival at 237 mmol/L: presentation, diagnosis, investigations, neuroradiology and outcomes","authors":"Muller Theubo, Shil Patel, Aleksandra Brutkowska, Éloise de Sousa, Arpita Chattopadhyay, Andrew Wignell, Dusan Raffaj, Patrick Davies","doi":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report a term 6-week-old infant who presented with extreme hypernatraemia (peak serum sodium 237 mmol/L) due to exogenous salt ingestion, manifesting with lethargy, seizures, and haemodynamic instability. The child developed multi-organ failure, including cardiovascular collapse, renal impairment, and circulatory failure. Management focused on precise sodium titration via peritoneal dialysis supported by a bespoke sodium calculator. Despite two peri-arrest events, quintuple inotropic support, hyperkalaemia, and status epilepticus, multi-organ failure was reversed and serum sodium gradually normalized. Presentation, diagnosis, investigations, neuroradiology, and outcomes of extreme hypernatraemia are discussed. Survival at this level of serum sodium concentration has not previously been described, and the cellular and physiological effects were unknown. At 2 months post-admission, gross neurology appeared normal. A unilateral Syme amputation was required due to lower limb hypoperfusion. This case illustrates the challenges of managing severe hypernatraemia and the potential for recovery with meticulous titration strategies despite life-threatening complications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38589,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom)","volume":"36 3","pages":"Pages 88-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147427916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.12.002
Anne H Child, Jose A Aragon-Martin, Sophia Kazmi, Nitha Naqvi
Marfan syndrome (MFS; OMIM #154700) is an important pleiotropic genetic connective tissue disorder affecting multiple systems in the human body. Early diagnosis is vital to prevent sudden premature death. Many affected individuals are asymptomatic; leading normal lives, unaware that their aorta is dangerously enlarging and prone to catastrophic dissection/tear leading to blood vessel rupture. Males and females of all races are affected equally. MFS is inherited in an autosomal dominant mode and is caused by a genetic variation in the Fibrillin 1 gene (FBN1; OMIM ∗134797) located on the long arm of chromosome 15 (15q21). In most cases, 75% have inherited the condition from a parent, with 25% having de novo mutations. The most important systems to be affected are cardiovascular, ophthalmic, and skeletal. MFS is a highly penetrant condition with substantial intra- and interfamilial variability. With drug treatment and cardiac surgery, early medical interventions can lead to a lifespan into the seventh decade. Without treatment unexpected death can occur from a young age. In 97% of affected individuals a causative mutation can be found thereby enabling preconception genetic diagnosis to potentially prevent further offspring being affected. This review focuses on the major challenges those affected experience during childhood.
{"title":"Marfan syndrome: diagnosis and management in childhood","authors":"Anne H Child, Jose A Aragon-Martin, Sophia Kazmi, Nitha Naqvi","doi":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Marfan syndrome (MFS; OMIM #154700) is an important pleiotropic genetic connective tissue disorder affecting multiple systems in the human body. Early diagnosis is vital to prevent sudden premature death. Many affected individuals are asymptomatic; leading normal lives, unaware that their aorta is dangerously enlarging and prone to catastrophic dissection/tear leading to blood vessel rupture. Males and females of all races are affected equally. MFS is inherited in an autosomal dominant mode and is caused by a genetic variation in the Fibrillin 1 gene (<em>FBN1</em>; OMIM ∗134797) located on the long arm of chromosome 15 (15q21). In most cases, 75% have inherited the condition from a parent, with 25% having <em>de novo</em> mutations. The most important systems to be affected are cardiovascular, ophthalmic, and skeletal. MFS is a highly penetrant condition with substantial intra- and interfamilial variability. With drug treatment and cardiac surgery, early medical interventions can lead to a lifespan into the seventh decade. Without treatment unexpected death can occur from a young age. In 97% of affected individuals a causative mutation can be found thereby enabling preconception genetic diagnosis to potentially prevent further offspring being affected. This review focuses on the major challenges those affected experience during childhood.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38589,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom)","volume":"36 3","pages":"Pages 69-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147427918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-12-24DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.11.008
Emily Broadis, Euan Fisher
Viewing climate change through the lens of child health brings focus to the uncomfortable realities of the geographical, intergenerational, and healthcare system injustices of today's world. Children are disproportionately affected, their developing bodies are more susceptible to the negative health impacts, and they are ultimately suffering because of the actions of generations before them. Whilst the challenges of climate change may feel overwhelming, global citizenship offers the paediatrician an outlook of hope and encouragement through positive collaborative action. Global citizenship is an awareness of being connected to people from all around the world, recognizing that decisions made locally can impact on those who may live in other continents, bringing a sense of responsibility for individual actions and the implications they may have for all people and the planet. This concept of a global community fosters equity and social justice, energizing people to work collaboratively to address local and global challenges in the shared endeavour for a healthy planet and population. This paper positions global citizenship as a route through which paediatricians can utilize their knowledge, skills, global community networks, and agency to contribute to climate action from a global child health perspective within their roles alongside UK clinical practice.
{"title":"Climate change and child health: the importance of global citizenship","authors":"Emily Broadis, Euan Fisher","doi":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Viewing climate change through the lens of child health brings focus to the uncomfortable realities of the geographical, intergenerational, and healthcare system injustices of today's world. Children are disproportionately affected, their developing bodies are more susceptible to the negative health impacts, and they are ultimately suffering because of the actions of generations before them. Whilst the challenges of climate change may feel overwhelming, global citizenship offers the paediatrician an outlook of hope and encouragement through positive collaborative action. Global citizenship is an awareness of being connected to people from all around the world, recognizing that decisions made locally can impact on those who may live in other continents, bringing a sense of responsibility for individual actions and the implications they may have for all people and the planet. This concept of a global community fosters equity and social justice, energizing people to work collaboratively to address local and global challenges in the shared endeavour for a healthy planet and population. This paper positions global citizenship as a route through which paediatricians can utilize their knowledge, skills, global community networks, and agency to contribute to climate action from a global child health perspective within their roles alongside UK clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38589,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom)","volume":"36 2","pages":"Pages 50-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-12-30DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.11.007
Kirsty Robertson, Alison McLuckie
Social protection programmes are suggested by UNICEF as being a key intervention in the battle against global child poverty. Unfortunately, the provision of social protection programmes, including benefit provision, is unequal across the globe with children living in low income countries least likely to receive social security. The provision of adequate income for families to ensure children's needs are met requires a rights-based approach. Children's rights are universal and include the right to social security (Article 26), healthcare (Article 24), access to education (Article 28) and an adequate standard of living (Article 27). This article will discuss the global importance of social protection in the context ongoing concerns about high levels of child poverty as well as taking a closer look at the United Kingdom's welfare system with an emphasis on children and families.
{"title":"Social protection for children: global landscape and domestic provision in the UK","authors":"Kirsty Robertson, Alison McLuckie","doi":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Social protection programmes are suggested by UNICEF as being a key intervention in the battle against global child poverty. Unfortunately, the provision of social protection programmes, including benefit provision, is unequal across the globe with children living in low income countries least likely to receive social security. The provision of adequate income for families to ensure children's needs are met requires a rights-based approach. Children's rights are universal and include the right to social security (Article 26), healthcare (Article 24), access to education (Article 28) and an adequate standard of living (Article 27). This article will discuss the global importance of social protection in the context ongoing concerns about high levels of child poverty as well as taking a closer look at the United Kingdom's welfare system with an emphasis on children and families.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38589,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom)","volume":"36 2","pages":"Pages 45-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Young carers are children under the age of 18 who care for family members or friends. There are a significant number of young carers in the UK, with 2021 census data for England and Wales reporting at least 120,000 – however this is likely to be an under representation. Young carers are at higher risk of poor health, education and social outcomes. There is awareness of the challenges faced by young carers with clear legal frameworks, but access to services needs to be improved. A range of services and support mechanisms are available to young carers, including statutory assessments, localized support networks, and digital resources, though access and awareness remain inconsistent across regions.
{"title":"The impact of being a young carer and the support available","authors":"Joanna Coghill, Sharon Daniels, Denise Garner, Ruth Glenn","doi":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.11.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Young carers are children under the age of 18 who care for family members or friends. There are a significant number of young carers in the UK, with 2021 census data for England and Wales reporting at least 120,000 – however this is likely to be an under representation. Young carers are at higher risk of poor health, education and social outcomes. There is awareness of the challenges faced by young carers with clear legal frameworks, but access to services needs to be improved. A range of services and support mechanisms are available to young carers, including statutory assessments, localized support networks, and digital resources, though access and awareness remain inconsistent across regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38589,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom)","volume":"36 2","pages":"Pages 55-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.11.006
Rosalyn Arnold, Rosalie Cattermole, David Taylor-Robinson, Dougal Hargreaves, Rachel Loopstra
In 2023–24, over one in four children in the UK – at least 3.9 million – lived in households without reliable access to food each month, as reported by the Department for Work and Pensions. This rate of child food insecurity has been described as amongst the worst in Europe. The consequences are profound and long lasting. Food insecurity affects children's physical health, emotional wellbeing, social and cognitive development and academic performance. Often, hospitals and general practices are sites where these impacts are first recognized. Yet paediatricians and other health professionals frequently report feeling powerless to respond to problems rooted in poverty and inadequate welfare support. This article aims to help paediatricians and other health professionals better understand food insecurity, its impact on children, current rates in the UK and the approaches being taken to address it. There are several ways health professionals can respond to food insecurity, and we highlight two case studies showing how hospitals, community services and charities are working together to respond to rising rates. Our aim is to equip paediatricians and other health professionals with a clearer sense of what they can do in their everyday roles. An infographic summarizing the key messages of this article is available at the end of this article.
{"title":"Over one in four UK children face food insecurity: what can paediatricians do?","authors":"Rosalyn Arnold, Rosalie Cattermole, David Taylor-Robinson, Dougal Hargreaves, Rachel Loopstra","doi":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In 2023–24, over one in four children in the UK – at least 3.9 million – lived in households without reliable access to food each month, as reported by the Department for Work and Pensions. This rate of child food insecurity has been described as amongst the worst in Europe. The consequences are profound and long lasting. Food insecurity affects children's physical health, emotional wellbeing, social and cognitive development and academic performance. Often, hospitals and general practices are sites where these impacts are first recognized. Yet paediatricians and other health professionals frequently report feeling powerless to respond to problems rooted in poverty and inadequate welfare support. This article aims to help paediatricians and other health professionals better understand food insecurity, its impact on children, current rates in the UK and the approaches being taken to address it. There are several ways health professionals can respond to food insecurity, and we highlight two case studies showing how hospitals, community services and charities are working together to respond to rising rates. Our aim is to equip paediatricians and other health professionals with a clearer sense of what they can do in their everyday roles. An infographic summarizing the key messages of this article is available at the end of this article.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38589,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom)","volume":"36 2","pages":"Pages 38-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.11.005
Christine A Goodall, Ryan McHenry, Michael Whelan
Our understanding of the causes and impact of violence has developed over the years to the point where we recognize the profound and long-lasting impact that violence can have on children and young people. In this article we explore some of the impacts violence has on children and young people and how taking a public health approach can help us to develop opportunities for prevention at the primary, secondary and tertiary levels.
{"title":"Violence: understanding the public health approach to violence prevention and implications for violence prevention work with children and young people","authors":"Christine A Goodall, Ryan McHenry, Michael Whelan","doi":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Our understanding of the causes and impact of violence has developed over the years to the point where we recognize the profound and long-lasting impact that violence can have on children and young people. In this article we explore some of the impacts violence has on children and young people and how taking a public health approach can help us to develop opportunities for prevention at the primary, secondary and tertiary levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38589,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom)","volume":"36 2","pages":"Pages 31-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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