Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202273062
G. Prance
Abstract An update on the taxonomy of the Caryocaraceae is given with descriptions of all 26 species including details of their ecology, uses and distribution. All species are mapped, much further information about the type collections is included and three species are lectotypified.
{"title":"A synopsis of the Caryocaraceae","authors":"G. Prance","doi":"10.1590/2175-7860202273062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202273062","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract An update on the taxonomy of the Caryocaraceae is given with descriptions of all 26 species including details of their ecology, uses and distribution. All species are mapped, much further information about the type collections is included and three species are lectotypified.","PeriodicalId":38672,"journal":{"name":"Rodriguesia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67283990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202273080
Jorge Renato Pinheiro Velloso, J. Putzke, L. Cavalcanti
Abstract In the second decade of the 20th century, Lycogala flavofuscum aethalia were collected in Brazil by Rev. Johannes Rick. Despite being easily observed in the field because of the size of the aethalia, the species was only found again in 2019, on a live trunk of Sebastiania commersoniana (branquilho, Euphorbiaceae) in the municipality of São Gabriel, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The description and illustration of recently collected material, and data on exsiccates collected by Rick from Brazil, deposited at Herbarium BPI, are presented herein. Information on substrates, microhabitats, and geographic distribution of the species in the Neotropics is provided based on bibliographical sources and herbarium catalogs. Considering the large time interval between records and the restricted area of occurrence in the country, its inclusion as near threatened in the Brazilian Red List is recommended.
摘要:20世纪20年代，Rev. Johannes Rick在巴西采收了黄菖蒲(Lycogala flavofuscum aethalia)。尽管由于aethalia的大小，在野外很容易观察到，但该物种直到2019年才在巴西南里约热内卢Grande do Sul的s o Gabriel市的Sebastiania commersoniana (branquilho, Euphorbiaceae)的活树干上再次被发现。最近收集的材料的描述和说明，以及里克从巴西收集的数据，存放在BPI标本室，在此提出。根据文献资料和植物标本馆目录，提供了该物种在新热带地区的底物、微生境和地理分布信息。考虑到记录与该国限制发生区域之间的时间间隔较长，建议将其作为近危物种列入巴西红色名录。
{"title":"Lycogala flavofuscum (Liceales, Myxomycetes): a rare species in South America, rediscovered in Brazil after 100 years","authors":"Jorge Renato Pinheiro Velloso, J. Putzke, L. Cavalcanti","doi":"10.1590/2175-7860202273080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202273080","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the second decade of the 20th century, Lycogala flavofuscum aethalia were collected in Brazil by Rev. Johannes Rick. Despite being easily observed in the field because of the size of the aethalia, the species was only found again in 2019, on a live trunk of Sebastiania commersoniana (branquilho, Euphorbiaceae) in the municipality of São Gabriel, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The description and illustration of recently collected material, and data on exsiccates collected by Rick from Brazil, deposited at Herbarium BPI, are presented herein. Information on substrates, microhabitats, and geographic distribution of the species in the Neotropics is provided based on bibliographical sources and herbarium catalogs. Considering the large time interval between records and the restricted area of occurrence in the country, its inclusion as near threatened in the Brazilian Red List is recommended.","PeriodicalId":38672,"journal":{"name":"Rodriguesia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67284017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202273088
C. Martins, F. Borghetti, M. Moretzsohn, S. E. Noronha, J. F. Valls
Abstract The Brazilian savanna, regionally known as Cerrado, is characterized by a great diversity of physiognomies and holds the highest species diversity and level of endemism among world savannas. However, due mainly to agribusiness, this vegetation is among the most threatened ones, currently presenting alarming rates of extinction. Among the species present in the “red list” we find the endemic Gymnopogon doellii, a grass whose distribution is restricted to a few sites. In the Federal District and surroundings, for example, only one population, with scattered subpopulations, is known, within the limits of the Brasilia National Park. By this study we raised information related to the biology of G. doellii, as population size and distribution, genetic variability and germination characteristics. Besides, we produced seedlings in greenhouse, planted in different physiognomies of the Cerrado and followed them for almost four years to check for their survival, growth and fruiting under natural conditions. Seedlings transplanted to the field presented high rates of recruitment (> 25%), growth patterns similar to wild plants and produced viable caryopses. We recommend transplanting of individuals of G. doellii for both in situ conservation as well as for the revegetation of degraded areas of the Cerrado.
{"title":"Strategies for reintroduction and conservation of Gymnopogon doellii, an endemic grass at risk of extinction","authors":"C. Martins, F. Borghetti, M. Moretzsohn, S. E. Noronha, J. F. Valls","doi":"10.1590/2175-7860202273088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202273088","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Brazilian savanna, regionally known as Cerrado, is characterized by a great diversity of physiognomies and holds the highest species diversity and level of endemism among world savannas. However, due mainly to agribusiness, this vegetation is among the most threatened ones, currently presenting alarming rates of extinction. Among the species present in the “red list” we find the endemic Gymnopogon doellii, a grass whose distribution is restricted to a few sites. In the Federal District and surroundings, for example, only one population, with scattered subpopulations, is known, within the limits of the Brasilia National Park. By this study we raised information related to the biology of G. doellii, as population size and distribution, genetic variability and germination characteristics. Besides, we produced seedlings in greenhouse, planted in different physiognomies of the Cerrado and followed them for almost four years to check for their survival, growth and fruiting under natural conditions. Seedlings transplanted to the field presented high rates of recruitment (> 25%), growth patterns similar to wild plants and produced viable caryopses. We recommend transplanting of individuals of G. doellii for both in situ conservation as well as for the revegetation of degraded areas of the Cerrado.","PeriodicalId":38672,"journal":{"name":"Rodriguesia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67284272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202273092
Hermes de Oliveira Machado-Filho, Ê. W. Dantas, C. Nascimento
Abstract Floristic studies of aquatic plants and flora associated with aquatic ecosystems carried out in the Neotropical region have demonstrated the predominance and co-occurrence of the same plant families under different climatic conditions. One way to interpret this co-occurrence of groups with non-random patterns in assemblages is to understand their phylogenetic structure. Herein, we present an investigation that studied the rule of phylogenetic assembly on plants associated with reservoirs in a tropical climosequence in Northeast Brazil. We studied eight areas during the dry and rainy periods and characterized their climatic, chemical, and trace elements, as well as richness, diversity, and phylogenetic structure of their assemblages. We found a predominance of the families Fabaceae, Poaceae and Cyperaceae, especially in border areas. Among the species surveyed, we highlight those with amphibian life-form, autochoric-type dispersion syndrome and the taxa with patterns of wide geographical distribution. We observed that the seasonal effect ruled patterns of phylogenetic structure with tendency for non-co-familiarity. Water quality and sediment were the abiotic factors most efficient as predictors of richness and variations in phylogenetic metrics. In this sense, the family co-occurrence identified in the assemblages was less deterministic than expected through non-randomness, because temporally, guilds were distinctly structured in function of seasonality.
{"title":"Phylogenetic structure of aquatic plant assemblages in a climate sequence","authors":"Hermes de Oliveira Machado-Filho, Ê. W. Dantas, C. Nascimento","doi":"10.1590/2175-7860202273092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202273092","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Floristic studies of aquatic plants and flora associated with aquatic ecosystems carried out in the Neotropical region have demonstrated the predominance and co-occurrence of the same plant families under different climatic conditions. One way to interpret this co-occurrence of groups with non-random patterns in assemblages is to understand their phylogenetic structure. Herein, we present an investigation that studied the rule of phylogenetic assembly on plants associated with reservoirs in a tropical climosequence in Northeast Brazil. We studied eight areas during the dry and rainy periods and characterized their climatic, chemical, and trace elements, as well as richness, diversity, and phylogenetic structure of their assemblages. We found a predominance of the families Fabaceae, Poaceae and Cyperaceae, especially in border areas. Among the species surveyed, we highlight those with amphibian life-form, autochoric-type dispersion syndrome and the taxa with patterns of wide geographical distribution. We observed that the seasonal effect ruled patterns of phylogenetic structure with tendency for non-co-familiarity. Water quality and sediment were the abiotic factors most efficient as predictors of richness and variations in phylogenetic metrics. In this sense, the family co-occurrence identified in the assemblages was less deterministic than expected through non-randomness, because temporally, guilds were distinctly structured in function of seasonality.","PeriodicalId":38672,"journal":{"name":"Rodriguesia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67284357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202273100
A. Heizer, Felipe Silva
Abstract The article has as its central theme the text A Diminuição das Águas no Brasil (‘The Decrease of Water in Brazil’), written by João Barbosa Rodrigues and published in the Report of the 3 rd Meeting of the Latin American Scientific Congress, held in the city of Rio de Janeiro, in 1905. Among the aspects highlighted, the construction of the author’s narrative, when defending his thesis on the decrease in the volume of water in rivers and springs throughout the country, brings peculiar aspects of his educational background as a botanist and scientist and of his network of relationships with the Brazilian and international scientific community.
这篇文章的中心主题是A diminui o das Águas no Brasil(“巴西水的减少”)，由jo o Barbosa Rodrigues撰写，并发表在1905年在里约热内卢举行的第三届拉丁美洲科学大会的报告中。在强调的方面中，作者在为其关于全国河流和泉水水量减少的论文辩护时，叙述的结构带来了他作为植物学家和科学家的教育背景以及他与巴西和国际科学界的关系网络的特殊方面。
{"title":"João Barbosa Rodrigues and “The Decrease of Water in Brazil”","authors":"A. Heizer, Felipe Silva","doi":"10.1590/2175-7860202273100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202273100","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article has as its central theme the text A Diminuição das Águas no Brasil (‘The Decrease of Water in Brazil’), written by João Barbosa Rodrigues and published in the Report of the 3 rd Meeting of the Latin American Scientific Congress, held in the city of Rio de Janeiro, in 1905. Among the aspects highlighted, the construction of the author’s narrative, when defending his thesis on the decrease in the volume of water in rivers and springs throughout the country, brings peculiar aspects of his educational background as a botanist and scientist and of his network of relationships with the Brazilian and international scientific community.","PeriodicalId":38672,"journal":{"name":"Rodriguesia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67284634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202273030
I. N. M. Ferreira, Raysa Kristine de Oliveira Cavalcante, J. Borges, Tamara Poliana de Oliveira Teixeira, D. P. Silva, T. Sá, E. Franceschinelli
Abstract Several possible correlations between dioecy and eco-morphological features have been suggested to infer the conditions that would favor this sexual system. Dioecy has been associated either with specialized or generalized pollination systems. The genus Simarouba has six dioecious species that seem to have generalized pollinators. In this study, we examined the reproductive biology aspects of two Simarouba species to evaluate which of their eco-morphological attributes may favor dioecy. Our data suggest that S. amara and S. versicolor have small, inconspicuous, and abundant flowers of nocturnal anthesis and are only pollinated by nocturnal moths. They have a stable sexual system with flower, inflorescence, and flowering phenology dimorphism that is part of their pollination system strategies. Male plants of both species produce more flowers per individual than do female plants. A larger floral display may have an essential role in increasing male reproductive success. However, both species showed low reproductive efficacy, especially S. versicolor. The low reproductive efficacy may be due to the lack of pollinators or to the inefficacy of the pollinators available locally.
{"title":"Two dioecious Simarouba species with a specialized pollination system and low reproductive efficacy in Central Brazil","authors":"I. N. M. Ferreira, Raysa Kristine de Oliveira Cavalcante, J. Borges, Tamara Poliana de Oliveira Teixeira, D. P. Silva, T. Sá, E. Franceschinelli","doi":"10.1590/2175-7860202273030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202273030","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Several possible correlations between dioecy and eco-morphological features have been suggested to infer the conditions that would favor this sexual system. Dioecy has been associated either with specialized or generalized pollination systems. The genus Simarouba has six dioecious species that seem to have generalized pollinators. In this study, we examined the reproductive biology aspects of two Simarouba species to evaluate which of their eco-morphological attributes may favor dioecy. Our data suggest that S. amara and S. versicolor have small, inconspicuous, and abundant flowers of nocturnal anthesis and are only pollinated by nocturnal moths. They have a stable sexual system with flower, inflorescence, and flowering phenology dimorphism that is part of their pollination system strategies. Male plants of both species produce more flowers per individual than do female plants. A larger floral display may have an essential role in increasing male reproductive success. However, both species showed low reproductive efficacy, especially S. versicolor. The low reproductive efficacy may be due to the lack of pollinators or to the inefficacy of the pollinators available locally.","PeriodicalId":38672,"journal":{"name":"Rodriguesia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67283111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202273032
N. C. Gancedo, Clara Beatriz de Lima, M. A. Milaneze-Gutierre, J. Mello
Abstract Croton floribundus, Euphorbiaceae, popularly known as “capixingui” is a native tree of the Atlantic Forest. In folk medicine, the tea of C. floribundus stem bark is used for the treatment of leukemia, tumors, and syphilis. The aim of this work was to describe the morphological and anatomical characteristics of C. floribundus stem bark and to establish parameters for its quality control. Accordingly, different analyses were performed, including organoleptic, morphological, anatomical, and histochemical analysis of the samples, plus the characterization of druse crystals by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The sample showed menthol and camphor odor, and bitter taste. The main macroscopic characteristic was the presence of a thin periderm with striations. The main distinctive microscopic features of the species were: dense gelatinous fibers, phenolic idioblasts, sclereids, numerous crystalline idioblasts with druses located in the cortex and abundantly in the parenchymal rays of the phloem, and absence of laticifers in the mature stem bark. These analyses made possible to describe the morpho-anatomy of that species, contributing to phytochemical and pharmacognostic future studies of C. floribundus.
{"title":"Pharmacobotanical study of Croton floribundus stem bark","authors":"N. C. Gancedo, Clara Beatriz de Lima, M. A. Milaneze-Gutierre, J. Mello","doi":"10.1590/2175-7860202273032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202273032","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Croton floribundus, Euphorbiaceae, popularly known as “capixingui” is a native tree of the Atlantic Forest. In folk medicine, the tea of C. floribundus stem bark is used for the treatment of leukemia, tumors, and syphilis. The aim of this work was to describe the morphological and anatomical characteristics of C. floribundus stem bark and to establish parameters for its quality control. Accordingly, different analyses were performed, including organoleptic, morphological, anatomical, and histochemical analysis of the samples, plus the characterization of druse crystals by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The sample showed menthol and camphor odor, and bitter taste. The main macroscopic characteristic was the presence of a thin periderm with striations. The main distinctive microscopic features of the species were: dense gelatinous fibers, phenolic idioblasts, sclereids, numerous crystalline idioblasts with druses located in the cortex and abundantly in the parenchymal rays of the phloem, and absence of laticifers in the mature stem bark. These analyses made possible to describe the morpho-anatomy of that species, contributing to phytochemical and pharmacognostic future studies of C. floribundus.","PeriodicalId":38672,"journal":{"name":"Rodriguesia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67283160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202273025
Gabriel Mendes Marcusso, Luiz Menini Neto, J. A. Lombardi
Abstract Cloud forests usually occur at high-altitude sites of the Atlantic Forest in eastern Brazil, albeit scattered and fragmented along the mountain tops. In this habitat, the vegetation occurs at low-temperature conditions and is usually provided by additional water sources that arise due to the horizontal precipitation of the frequent fogs. Together with the more considerable air movement and higher luminosity, these factors are conditioning for singular floras at high elevations, mainly the vascular epiphytes, which are macro and microclimate dependent. In the mountains range at the center of the Espírito Santo state, Southeastern Brazil, some mountain tops such as Pedra Azul (PA) hold these environmental features. Here, we aimed to present the first checklist of vascular epiphytes in the Pedra Azul State Park and surroundings based on fieldwork and herbarium specimens. The checklist comprises 152 species, 65 genera, and 17 families, the main families being Orchidaceae, Bromeliaceae, and Polypodiaceae, with the main genera represented by Vriesea, Acianthera, and Peperomia. The holoepiphytes were the main category among the epiphytes, although an unusually high number of facultative epiphytes were recorded. Asplenium theciferum and Octomeria cucullata are recorded in Espírito Santo for the first time, and we confirmed the occurrence of Rhipsalis cereuscula in the state. Overall, the richness recorded in PA is amongst the highest of the Atlantic Forest cloud forests. Six species are threatened at the national level and 32 at the state level. These results support the importance of the protected area for conserving the flora; however, several species - including threatened - were only recorded in the surroundings, demonstrating that the buffer zone of the Pedra Azul State Park must be included in the management plans.
{"title":"Plants in the clouds: vascular epiphytes of Pedra Azul, a mountain top in Espírito Santo, Southeastern Brazil","authors":"Gabriel Mendes Marcusso, Luiz Menini Neto, J. A. Lombardi","doi":"10.1590/2175-7860202273025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202273025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cloud forests usually occur at high-altitude sites of the Atlantic Forest in eastern Brazil, albeit scattered and fragmented along the mountain tops. In this habitat, the vegetation occurs at low-temperature conditions and is usually provided by additional water sources that arise due to the horizontal precipitation of the frequent fogs. Together with the more considerable air movement and higher luminosity, these factors are conditioning for singular floras at high elevations, mainly the vascular epiphytes, which are macro and microclimate dependent. In the mountains range at the center of the Espírito Santo state, Southeastern Brazil, some mountain tops such as Pedra Azul (PA) hold these environmental features. Here, we aimed to present the first checklist of vascular epiphytes in the Pedra Azul State Park and surroundings based on fieldwork and herbarium specimens. The checklist comprises 152 species, 65 genera, and 17 families, the main families being Orchidaceae, Bromeliaceae, and Polypodiaceae, with the main genera represented by Vriesea, Acianthera, and Peperomia. The holoepiphytes were the main category among the epiphytes, although an unusually high number of facultative epiphytes were recorded. Asplenium theciferum and Octomeria cucullata are recorded in Espírito Santo for the first time, and we confirmed the occurrence of Rhipsalis cereuscula in the state. Overall, the richness recorded in PA is amongst the highest of the Atlantic Forest cloud forests. Six species are threatened at the national level and 32 at the state level. These results support the importance of the protected area for conserving the flora; however, several species - including threatened - were only recorded in the surroundings, demonstrating that the buffer zone of the Pedra Azul State Park must be included in the management plans.","PeriodicalId":38672,"journal":{"name":"Rodriguesia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67283181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202273014
L. S. Calazans, Julia Cristina Guarnier, H. T. D. Silva
Abstract This study provides a taxonomic treatment for Ulmaceae in the state of Espírito Santo, Southeastern Brazil. Two species were recorded: Ampelocera glabra and Phyllostylon brasiliense, the latter recorded for the state for the first time. Descriptions, an identification key, and comments on its distribution and conservation are provided.
{"title":"Flora of Espírito Santo: Ulmaceae","authors":"L. S. Calazans, Julia Cristina Guarnier, H. T. D. Silva","doi":"10.1590/2175-7860202273014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202273014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study provides a taxonomic treatment for Ulmaceae in the state of Espírito Santo, Southeastern Brazil. Two species were recorded: Ampelocera glabra and Phyllostylon brasiliense, the latter recorded for the state for the first time. Descriptions, an identification key, and comments on its distribution and conservation are provided.","PeriodicalId":38672,"journal":{"name":"Rodriguesia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67283284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202273036
Anieli Cioato de Souza, Luciana Magda de Oliveira, Katiane Paula Bagatini, G. F. Souza, Patrícia Paloma Liesch, Sharline Schossler Schmidt, Louise Zago Puchale
Abstract Ilex parguariensis pyrenes, popularly known as “yerba mate”, were classified as dormant. This study aim to investigated the causes of dormancy in Ilex paraguariensis’ pyrenes. Hence, the following tests were performed: a) Physical dormancy: rate of absorption in water and methylene blue; detection of lignin and lipophilic compounds in the endocarp and integument; b) Physiological dormancy: bioassays in lettuce seeds, detection, and quantification of phenolic compounds; c) Morphological dormancy: embryo analysis. For the absorption rate, an increase was observed in the mass of the pyrenes, however, when imbibition was performed in methylene blue, absorption only occurred in the endocarp. Lignin was also observed in the form of a sclerenchyma layer next to the seed coat. Similarly, lipophilic compounds were observed in a layer, external to the endosperm. The bioassays with lettuce seeds indicated the presence of chemical inhibitors. In the morphological evaluation of the pyrenes, only 55.5% of the embryos were visualized and they were in the globular or heart stages. Ilex paraguariensis pyrenes have combined dormancy: physical (not water absorption), morphological (due to the underdeveloped embryo), and there are shreds of evidence about physiological dormancy (presence of inhibitors); however, it is recommended to investigate the inhibitory agent.
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