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2018 VII. Lighting Conference of the Visegrad Countries (Lumen V4)最新文献

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The Measurements of the Parameters of Road Lighting - Theory and Practice 道路照明参数的测量理论与实践
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/LUMENV.2018.8521148
K. Wandachowicz, M. Przybyła
The luminance method applied while assessing the quality of lighting for the roads, mainly for motor traffic, with movement speed ranging from average to high, was described in this article. The main part of the article refers to the issue of taking measurements of luminance distribution on the roads. The measurements taken on the expressway were presented and probable causes of differences between the results of the project and results of the measurements were described.
本文描述了在评估道路照明质量时应用的亮度法,主要用于移动速度从平均到高的机动交通。文章的主要部分是对道路上的亮度分布进行测量的问题。介绍了在高速公路上进行的测量,并描述了工程结果与测量结果之间差异的可能原因。
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引用次数: 2
The Uncertainty of Measurement of Spectroradiometric System with Double Monochromator 双单色光谱辐射系统测量的不确定度
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/LUMENV.2018.8521072
Martin Motyčka, J. Skoda, Jaroslav Štěpánek, J. Nekvapil
This article has task to inform a reader about uncertainties of measurement of spectroradiometric systems with double monochromator. Uncertainty of measurement is very important for all photometric measurements and calculations. Spectroradiometric system's uncertainty is dependent on wavelength and it is difficult to estimate uncertainty of measurement for photometric parameters calculated from measured spectrum. In the first part of this article there is theory necessary for understanding uncertainty analyses and description of construction of spectroradiometric system with double monochromator. In the second part there is practical uncertainty analysis of double monochromator in light laboratory and its results.
本文的任务是向读者介绍双单色光谱辐射测量系统的测量不确定度。测量不确定度对于所有光度测量和计算都是非常重要的。光谱辐射测量系统的不确定度依赖于波长,从测量光谱计算光度参数的不确定度难以估计。本文的第一部分是理解不确定度分析和描述双单色光谱辐射测量系统的结构所必需的理论。第二部分是光学实验室双单色仪不确定度的实际分析及结果。
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引用次数: 0
Advanced Luminance Modeling of Light Sources for Simulation and Computational Purposes of Lighting Parameters 用于照明参数仿真和计算目的的光源高级亮度建模
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/LUMENV.2018.8521083
S. Słomiński
The last decade is the time of a very dynamic development of lighting technology. This development covers many areas that complement each other. The development of light sources, luminaires, measurement techniques and design methods make it necessary to develop new, effective tools to support the design and analysis of lighting equipment. In lighting technology, the most common analysis is made of such parameters as the illuminance, luminance distribution and discomfort glare, inseparable from the specificity of modern light sources. A characteristic feature of almost all of them is high luminance, on the level of 107- 108cd/m2. High luminance facilitates the design of very precise optical systems, but also it is strongly associated with the possibility of discomfort associated with glare. Current methods of glare analysis in simulation software are related to conversion to the average luminance value of the luminaire, saved as simplified light parameters in electronic files (IES, LDT or similar). Currently the calculations take place as a result of calculation ratio the value of luminous intensity in a given direction and the surface area of the dimension of the luminaires in the same direction. This can lead to a significant understatement of the luminance of the luminaire in any situation where luminous intensity comes from the heterogeneous luminance distribution on the surface of the luminaire. This situation most often occurs in luminaires with high-luminance light sources with a reflector system and in the case of multi-source luminaires with lenses - eg multi-LED luminaires. The paper presents advanced methods of luminance modelling of light sources developed as a result of digital measurements of luminance distributions. A comparative analysis of the accuracy of the simulation calculations of the analytical lighting fixture model will be presented. The results will be compared to the classic ray tracing methods used in currently used models.
过去十年是照明技术蓬勃发展的时期。这一发展涵盖了许多相互补充的领域。光源、灯具、测量技术和设计方法的发展使得有必要开发新的、有效的工具来支持照明设备的设计和分析。在照明技术中,最常见的分析是照度、亮度分布、不适眩光等参数,这与现代光源的特殊性是分不开的。它们几乎所有的一个特征是高亮度,在107- 108cd/m2的水平上。高亮度有助于设计非常精确的光学系统,但也与眩光引起的不适密切相关。目前仿真软件中的眩光分析方法是将灯具的平均亮度值转换为简化的亮度参数保存在电子文件(IES、LDT或类似文件)中。目前的计算是将给定方向上的发光强度值与同一方向上灯具尺寸的表面积计算比。在任何发光强度来自于灯具表面的非均匀亮度分布的情况下,这可能导致灯具亮度的显著低估。这种情况最常发生在带有反射系统的高亮度光源的灯具和带有透镜的多光源灯具中,例如多led灯具。本文介绍了由于亮度分布的数字测量而发展起来的光源亮度建模的先进方法。本文将对解析式灯具模型的仿真计算精度进行比较分析。结果将与目前使用的模型中使用的经典光线追踪方法进行比较。
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引用次数: 2
Critical Analysis of Cost Benefits of LED Retrofits in Indoor Lighting 室内照明中LED改造成本效益的关键分析
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/LUMENV.2018.8521005
J. Raditschová, D. Gašparovský
Contemporary lighting systems are unconditionally based on Solid State Lighting incorporating the newest LED technology. Where older lighting systems are in operation, the fastest way how to increase the energy performance, to save costs for lighting energy and to enhance various quality features of lighting is to apply retrofit LED lamps as replacement for other lamp types in existing luminaires. This measure is not free of shortcomings although due to marketing reasons disadvantages are not highlighted. This paper aims to give an overview of the LED retrofits most widely used in interior lighting and to highlight their key technical parameters in comparison to lamps they are replacing. Parameters and features of LED retrofits will be critically analyzed, including the comparison of operational costs and calculation of the real cost benefits of the LED retrofits.
现代照明系统无条件地基于结合最新LED技术的固态照明。在旧的照明系统中,提高能源性能、节省照明能源成本和提高照明质量的最快方法是采用改装的LED灯来取代现有灯具中的其他类型的灯。这一措施并非没有缺点,尽管由于营销原因,缺点没有突出。本文旨在概述最广泛应用于室内照明的LED改造,并突出其关键技术参数,与它们所取代的灯具进行比较。将对LED改造的参数和特点进行严格分析,包括运营成本的比较和LED改造的实际成本效益的计算。
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引用次数: 5
Impact of Direct Lighting Luminaires' Luminous Intensity Distribution on Lighting Quality in Interiors 直接照明灯具光强分布对室内照明质量的影响
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/LUMENV.2018.8521023
P. Pracki
Luminous intensity distribution of luminaires influences the qualitative metrics of lighting. Direct lighting is the most common way of illumination in public interiors. Thus, its application should be carefully considered. For defined luminous intensity distributions of direct lighting luminaires and their layouts, in rooms with various sizes and reflectances, the ceiling and wall illuminance ratios, and UGR values were calculated and analysed in detail. Meeting the recommendations for ceiling and wall illumination, and discomfort glare were checked. Impact of luminous intensity distribution of the direct lighting luminaires on ceiling and wall illumination, and discomfort glare was assessed. Impact of room size and reflectances on ceiling and wall illumination, and discomfort glare was also observed. Substantial limitation of the direct lighting luminaires for general illumination in interiors was demonstrated and it should be regarded with great concern if visual comfort for people in interiors is to be provided.
灯具的光强分布影响着照明的定性指标。直接照明是公共室内最常见的照明方式。因此,应仔细考虑其应用。针对确定的直接照明灯具的光强分布及其布局,在不同大小和反射率的房间中,对天花板和墙壁的照度比以及UGR值进行了详细的计算和分析。满足建议的天花板和墙壁照明,并检查不适眩光。评价了直接照明灯具的光强分布对顶棚和墙面照度以及不舒适眩光的影响。还观察了房间大小和反射率对天花板和墙壁照度以及不适眩光的影响。论证了直接照明灯具在室内一般照明方面的实质性限制,如果要为室内人员提供视觉舒适,则应高度关注。
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引用次数: 1
Color Quality of Hybrid LED Systems 混合LED系统的色彩质量
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/LUMENV.2018.8521037
L. Balázs, József Nádas
In this paper we analyze the trade-off between color quality and luminous efficacy of hybrid LED systems. The color rendering index of white phosphor LED based light sources is limited to Ra = 80+ in the majority of current market applications. Color-mixed hybrid systems incorporating white phosphor LEDs and monochromatic red LEDs can significantly improve the color quality of the light sources. We present the dependence of major color quality metrics (CIE Ra, CQS, and color fidelity and color gamut index of the IES TM-30-15) as a function of the luminous efficacy of radiation calculated for color tuned hybrid LED systems. Improved color quality and color tunability make hybrid LED systems more competitive in the market as luminous efficacy of light emitting diodes is increasing further.
本文分析了混合LED系统的色彩质量和光效之间的权衡。目前大多数市场应用中,基于白光荧光粉的LED光源的显色指数限制在Ra = 80+。采用白色荧光粉led和单色红色led的混色系统可以显著提高光源的色彩质量。我们提出了主要色彩质量指标(CIE Ra, CQS,以及IES TM-30-15的色彩保真度和色域指数)的依赖关系,作为对彩色调谐混合LED系统计算的辐射光效的函数。随着发光二极管发光效率的进一步提高,混合LED系统的色彩质量和色彩可调性的提高使其在市场上更具竞争力。
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引用次数: 0
Photometric Parameters of LED Luminaires with Switchable Correlated Colour Temperature 相关色温可切换LED灯具的光度参数
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/LUMENV.2018.8521078
Marek Mokráň, L. Lipnický
At present, there are lights on the market that are capable of emitting white light with an adjustable correlated color temperature. The advantage of these luminaires is the possibility of changing the correlated color temperature, for example, due to a change in the function of the room in which they are installed, with no replacement of the lamps. The disadvantage of such a correlated color temperature setting is that this setting is performed directly on the luminaire and it is not possible to set the correlated color temperature with the control system. When changing the color temperature, in most cases, it is undesirable to change the other photometric parameters. In this paper, attention is paid to changes of the photometric parameters caused by changing the correlated color temperature.
目前,市场上有能够发出具有可调相关色温的白光的灯。这些灯具的优点是可以改变相关色温,例如,由于安装它们的房间的功能发生变化,而无需更换灯具。这种相关色温设置的缺点是,这种设置是直接在灯具上执行的,不可能与控制系统设置相关色温。当改变色温时,在大多数情况下,不希望改变其他光度参数。本文主要研究了相关色温变化引起的光度参数变化。
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引用次数: 2
The Measurement Method of Light Distribution Emitted from Sports Facilities Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles 利用无人机测量体育设施发射光分布的方法
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/LUMENV.2018.8521128
M. Sielachowska, D. Tyniecki, M. Zajkowski
The dynamic development of cities is associated with a significant increase in the luminance of architectural buildings, advertisements or usable spaces. Objects that emit a significant amount of luminous flux to the environment are also various types of sports buildings, such as city stadiums, football pitches or tennis courts. The need to protect the environment determinates the need to reduce and prevent the effect of light pollution. The article analyzes the possibilities of using unmanned aerial vehicles to assess light pollution by measuring the distribution of luminous flux emitted by sports facilities. The method of light measurement based on a goniometric system using unmanned aerial vehicles was presented and their positioning in three-dimensional space was taken into account. A method for controlling the photometric probe and calibrating the measurement system has been proposed.
城市的动态发展与建筑、广告或可用空间的亮度显著增加有关。向环境发出大量光通量的物体也是各种类型的体育建筑,如城市体育场、足球场或网球场。保护环境的需要决定了减少和防止光污染影响的需要。分析了利用无人机通过测量体育设施的光通量分布来评价光污染的可能性。提出了一种基于角度测量系统的无人机测光方法,并考虑了无人机在三维空间中的定位。提出了一种控制光度探头和校准测量系统的方法。
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引用次数: 2
SkyGlow Model Successfully Applied to the Evaluation of the Light Pollution over Tucson, U.S. SkyGlow模型在美国图森市光污染评价中的成功应用
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/LUMENV.2018.8520963
F. Kundracik, M. Kocifaj
The Slovak research team has developed a unique theoretical solution and an efficient software module for the calculation of the parameters of the light pollution in the dependence on current meteorological situation and the properties of light sources in the analysed region. The module is based on a smart algorithm that is able to do real-time calculations. In the comparison to alternative products it is ca 10 times faster at the same precision. This is one of the reasons why SkyGlow became the key tool for the prediction of the skyglow distribution under conditions where other solutions failed due to unacceptable demands on the computing power. SkyGlow was proved to be the only software module applicable in urban environment having high density and variability of light sources. In cooperation with Dark Sky Association and with representatives of the city of Tucson (U.S.) it was used for the forecast of changes in the diffuse light levels over Tucson after the extensive reconstruction of the public lighting system. SkyGlow solution was the basis for the judgment of the possible impacts of LED conversion in cities in U.S. (in charge of US Department of Energy and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. This paper deals with the analysis of main results achieved by the modelling of the diffuse light levels of the night sky over Tucson and by utilizing terrestrial and satellite data. Experimental observations are also presented and analysed. The paper also shows the way how described methods can be used at the evaluation of possible changes in light pollution in other regions (including Czech Republic and Slovakia).
斯洛伐克研究小组开发了一个独特的理论解决方案和一个有效的软件模块,用于计算光污染参数,依赖于当前的气象情况和分析区域内光源的特性。该模块基于能够进行实时计算的智能算法。与其他产品相比,在相同的精度下,它的速度要快10倍。这就是为什么在其他解决方案由于对计算能力的不可接受的要求而失败的情况下,SkyGlow成为预测SkyGlow分布的关键工具的原因之一。SkyGlow被证明是唯一一个适用于高密度和多变光源的城市环境的软件模块。在与Dark Sky Association和图森市(美国)代表的合作下,它被用于预测图森市公共照明系统大规模重建后漫射光水平的变化。SkyGlow解决方案是美国能源部和太平洋西北国家实验室负责的美国城市LED转换可能影响的判断依据。本文分析了利用地面和卫星资料对图森市夜空漫射光水平进行模拟所获得的主要结果。实验结果也进行了介绍和分析。该论文还展示了如何将所描述的方法用于评估其他地区(包括捷克共和国和斯洛伐克)光污染的可能变化。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Lighting Design Based on Computer Simulation 基于计算机仿真的照明设计评价
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/LUMENV.2018.8521038
R. Krupiński
Photorealistic computer simulations are now a popular method of lighting design. They are usually associated with the illumination of objects, but they are also successfully used in interior lighting, especially representative lighting. The problem of the verifiability of the tool is often discussed and in which cases only visualization without purely analytical calculations can be used to evaluate the lighting design. The article presents both subjective and objective studies of conformity of a project made using photorealistic visualization and its subsequent implementation. Subjectively it means based on the comparison of simulation images made with different accuracy, with post-implementation photographs of these projects, objectively - on the basis of measurements of the luminance of the completed project and their reference to distributions previously generated by computer. The field measurements carried out as well as surveys have clearly shown that computer simulations in the form of raster images are a reliable design tool in the hands of a lighting designer. The future of the lighting design is also presented.
逼真的计算机模拟现在是一种流行的照明设计方法。它们通常与物体的照明相关联,但它们也成功地应用于室内照明,特别是代表性照明。工具的可验证性问题经常被讨论,在这种情况下,只有可视化而不是纯粹的分析计算可以用来评估照明设计。本文提出了主观和客观的研究整合的一个项目,使用逼真的可视化和它的后续实施。主观上,它是指基于不同精度的模拟图像与这些项目实施后的照片的比较,客观上-基于完成项目的亮度测量和它们参考之前由计算机生成的分布。现场测量和调查清楚地表明,光栅图像形式的计算机模拟是照明设计师手中可靠的设计工具。并对未来的照明设计进行了展望。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
2018 VII. Lighting Conference of the Visegrad Countries (Lumen V4)
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