Pub Date : 2022-03-11DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v142i1.2022.a8
M. Iqbal, Tom Amey, Irda Kusuma, Satri Sara Alim, Akmal Husni
Summary. Silvery Pigeon Columba argentina is a Critically Endangered species whose known population is apparently tiny and confined to islands off western Sumatra. In July 2021, during a bird survey of Simeulue and surrounding islands (Aceh province, Sumatra) we found a chick of this species collected by local people, an adult kept as a cagebird, and made several observations in the wild. We describe the species' chick, report other anecdotal information concerning nesting, and supply dietary information for this little-known pigeon.
{"title":"Novel ecological information for Silvery Pigeon Columba argentina, with first description of the chick","authors":"M. Iqbal, Tom Amey, Irda Kusuma, Satri Sara Alim, Akmal Husni","doi":"10.25226/bboc.v142i1.2022.a8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25226/bboc.v142i1.2022.a8","url":null,"abstract":"Summary. Silvery Pigeon Columba argentina is a Critically Endangered species whose known population is apparently tiny and confined to islands off western Sumatra. In July 2021, during a bird survey of Simeulue and surrounding islands (Aceh province, Sumatra) we found a chick of this species collected by local people, an adult kept as a cagebird, and made several observations in the wild. We describe the species' chick, report other anecdotal information concerning nesting, and supply dietary information for this little-known pigeon.","PeriodicalId":38973,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the British Ornithologists'' Club","volume":"166 1","pages":"138 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74700155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-11DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v142i1.2022.a6
V. Bretagnolle, R. Flood, S. Gaba, H. Shirihai
Summary. We present evidence that confirms the streaked Fregetta lineata is a valid extant species that breeds on New Caledonia and endorse the vernacular name New Caledonian Storm Petrel. We review taxonomic deliberations over the historic five ‘Pealea’ streaked storm petrel specimens. Three belong to the recently rediscovered New Zealand Storm Petrel F. maoriana. We study six biometrics of the other two identical-looking specimens, one from Samoa, the other from the Marquesas Islands, a third ‘new’ specimen collected off Brisbane, and other Fregetta taxa. Results of Principal Component Analyses, Discriminant Analyses, and a review of phylogenetic relationships between Fregetta storm petrels, F. lineata and F. maoriana, lead us to conclude that the three specimens represent a single taxon, F. lineata. Furthermore, F. lineata is clearly separated from F. maoriana, White-bellied Storm Petrel F. grallaria and Black-bellied Storm Petrel F. tropica. We further conclude that storm petrels photographed at sea, off New Caledonia and in the Coral Sea, are F. lineata. We then redescribe F. lineata from at-sea observations, photographs taken at sea, and study of the three museum specimens. Criteria for in-hand and at-sea identification are presented. We report the first breeding record, from New Caledonia, a grounded fledgling presumably disoriented by onshore artificial lights. We explore likely breeding locations and conservation issues.
{"title":"Fregetta lineata (Peale, 1848) is a valid extant species endemic to New Caledonia","authors":"V. Bretagnolle, R. Flood, S. Gaba, H. Shirihai","doi":"10.25226/bboc.v142i1.2022.a6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25226/bboc.v142i1.2022.a6","url":null,"abstract":"Summary. We present evidence that confirms the streaked Fregetta lineata is a valid extant species that breeds on New Caledonia and endorse the vernacular name New Caledonian Storm Petrel. We review taxonomic deliberations over the historic five ‘Pealea’ streaked storm petrel specimens. Three belong to the recently rediscovered New Zealand Storm Petrel F. maoriana. We study six biometrics of the other two identical-looking specimens, one from Samoa, the other from the Marquesas Islands, a third ‘new’ specimen collected off Brisbane, and other Fregetta taxa. Results of Principal Component Analyses, Discriminant Analyses, and a review of phylogenetic relationships between Fregetta storm petrels, F. lineata and F. maoriana, lead us to conclude that the three specimens represent a single taxon, F. lineata. Furthermore, F. lineata is clearly separated from F. maoriana, White-bellied Storm Petrel F. grallaria and Black-bellied Storm Petrel F. tropica. We further conclude that storm petrels photographed at sea, off New Caledonia and in the Coral Sea, are F. lineata. We then redescribe F. lineata from at-sea observations, photographs taken at sea, and study of the three museum specimens. Criteria for in-hand and at-sea identification are presented. We report the first breeding record, from New Caledonia, a grounded fledgling presumably disoriented by onshore artificial lights. We explore likely breeding locations and conservation issues.","PeriodicalId":38973,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the British Ornithologists'' Club","volume":"9 1","pages":"111 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84279368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-11DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v142i1.2022.a4
E. Dickinson, P. Kamminga, Steven D. van der Mije
Summary. In deciding to provide a complement to Buffon's Histoire naturelle des oiseaux, Temminck, who had not previously published a ‘part work’ on this scale undertook to do so under the name Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux. At the start Temminck did not provide texts; each part included six plates. Of the many problems to solve the three main ones seemed to be: (i) the number of plates per part, (ii) the dates of publication, and (iii) the need to discover the wrappers issued with parts 1–20. The plates carried French names, but for these 20 parts the wrappers provided the new scientific names and attributed authorship. From previous studies we conclude that the Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées must be considered as two works, and that the first of these (livraisons 1–20) must be seen as complete with the inclusion of the wrappers. We then examine all names applicable to images in these 120 plates, assessing authorship, date of publication and date precedence. We identified three cases where names long in prevailing usage require application to the ICZN for a ruling on reversal of precedence. We list 15 names that have been in widespread use over the last 60 years that risk changes if the names on the wrappers are judged unacceptable. Our Appendix deals with the 86 names Temminck thought new: (a) 27 of Temminck’s own names with precedence; (b) 19 manuscript names for which Temminck is the author; (c) 27 Temminck names which are junior synonyms; (d) 12 manuscript names from Temminck that are also junior synonyms; (e) one name used for two specimens Temminck thought were of the same species but proved different.
总结。在决定为布冯的《自然历史》提供补充时，Temminck之前没有出版过这种规模的“部分作品”，他承诺以Nouveau recueil de planches coloriacimes d ' oiseaux的名字来做这件事。一开始，Temminck并没有提供文本;每个部分包括六个板块。在需要解决的许多问题中，有三个主要问题似乎是:(i)每个部分的板数，(ii)出版日期，以及(iii)需要发现第1-20部分发行的包装。这些板块上有法语名称，但这20个部分的包装上提供了新的学名和作者署名。从以前的研究中，我们得出结论，《新色板》必须被视为两部作品，其中第一部(第1-20章)必须被视为完整的，包括了包装。然后，我们检查这120个板块中适用于图像的所有名称，评估作者身份，出版日期和日期优先权。我们确定了三个案例，在这些案例中，常用的长名称需要向ICZN申请撤销优先顺序的裁决。我们列出了15个在过去60年里被广泛使用的名字，如果包装上的名字被认为是不可接受的，那么这些名字就有可能改变。我们的附录处理了Temminck认为新的86个名字:(a) Temminck自己的27个名字优先;(b) Temminck为作者的19个手稿名称;(c) 27个初级同义词的Temminck名称;(d) Temminck的12个手稿名，也是初级同义词;(e) Temminck认为属于同一物种但事实证明不同的两个标本使用同一个名称。
{"title":"Temminck's new bird names introduced in the early parts of the Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d'oiseaux in 1820–22","authors":"E. Dickinson, P. Kamminga, Steven D. van der Mije","doi":"10.25226/bboc.v142i1.2022.a4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25226/bboc.v142i1.2022.a4","url":null,"abstract":"Summary. In deciding to provide a complement to Buffon's Histoire naturelle des oiseaux, Temminck, who had not previously published a ‘part work’ on this scale undertook to do so under the name Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux. At the start Temminck did not provide texts; each part included six plates. Of the many problems to solve the three main ones seemed to be: (i) the number of plates per part, (ii) the dates of publication, and (iii) the need to discover the wrappers issued with parts 1–20. The plates carried French names, but for these 20 parts the wrappers provided the new scientific names and attributed authorship. From previous studies we conclude that the Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées must be considered as two works, and that the first of these (livraisons 1–20) must be seen as complete with the inclusion of the wrappers. We then examine all names applicable to images in these 120 plates, assessing authorship, date of publication and date precedence. We identified three cases where names long in prevailing usage require application to the ICZN for a ruling on reversal of precedence. We list 15 names that have been in widespread use over the last 60 years that risk changes if the names on the wrappers are judged unacceptable. Our Appendix deals with the 86 names Temminck thought new: (a) 27 of Temminck’s own names with precedence; (b) 19 manuscript names for which Temminck is the author; (c) 27 Temminck names which are junior synonyms; (d) 12 manuscript names from Temminck that are also junior synonyms; (e) one name used for two specimens Temminck thought were of the same species but proved different.","PeriodicalId":38973,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the British Ornithologists'' Club","volume":"1 1","pages":"75 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83462757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v137i3.2017.a11
D. Rosner, A. Targowski, Michael Palencia-Roth, Wayne N. Bledsoe, Shuntaro Ito Praesis
The purpose of this investigation is to define the main contents and issues of the impact of informing systems on the rise and development of Virtual Civilization. The methodology is based on an interdisciplinary big-picture view of the elements of development of virtual civilization and their interdependency. Among the findings are the following: Virtual Civilization has infrastructural characteristics, a world-wide unlimited, socially constructed work and leisure space in cyberspace, and it can last centuries/millennia—as long as informing systems are operational. Practical implications: The mission of Virtual Civilization is to control the public policies of real civilizations in order to secure the common good in real societies. Social implications: The quest for the common good by virtual society may limit or even replace representative democracy by direct democracy which, while solving some problems in a positive way, may eventually trigger permanent political chaos in real civilizations. Originality: This investigation defines the question of ethics regarding the role of informing systems in the development of Virtual Civilization by providing an interdisciplinary and civilizational approach at the big-picture level.
{"title":"Full Issue","authors":"D. Rosner, A. Targowski, Michael Palencia-Roth, Wayne N. Bledsoe, Shuntaro Ito Praesis","doi":"10.25226/bboc.v137i3.2017.a11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25226/bboc.v137i3.2017.a11","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this investigation is to define the main contents and issues of the impact of informing systems on the rise and development of Virtual Civilization. The methodology is based on an interdisciplinary big-picture view of the elements of development of virtual civilization and their interdependency. Among the findings are the following: Virtual Civilization has infrastructural characteristics, a world-wide unlimited, socially constructed work and leisure space in cyberspace, and it can last centuries/millennia—as long as informing systems are operational. Practical implications: The mission of Virtual Civilization is to control the public policies of real civilizations in order to secure the common good in real societies. Social implications: The quest for the common good by virtual society may limit or even replace representative democracy by direct democracy which, while solving some problems in a positive way, may eventually trigger permanent political chaos in real civilizations. Originality: This investigation defines the question of ethics regarding the role of informing systems in the development of Virtual Civilization by providing an interdisciplinary and civilizational approach at the big-picture level.","PeriodicalId":38973,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the British Ornithologists'' Club","volume":"137 1","pages":"160 - 243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45409305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-10DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i4.2021.a2
Gary Allport, J. M. Collinson, S. Seneviratne, T. J. Shannon
Summary. Yellow wagtails Motacilla sp. observed in Sri Lanka in November 2019 had the ‘rasping’ voice characteristic of Eastern Yellow Wagtail M. tschutschensis. DNA confirmed two individuals as M. t. tschutschensis / plexa, whilst plumage characters suggested one was M. t. plexa and the other M. t. tschutschensis, the first records of the species in Sri Lanka. Field observations in Colombo, during November 2019–January 2020 yielded 106 yellow wagtail records. Vocalisations of 57 were recorded; all had ‘rasping’ calls, and none had vocal or plumage features diagnostic of Western Yellow Wagtail M. flava. A review of material in Colombo and Tring museums yielded no specimens of Eastern Yellow Wagtail from Sri Lanka, and the species’ status in South Asia is unclear. Seventy-one photographic records of yellow wagtails in Sri Lanka from varied sources revealed seven records of M. f. lutea based on plumage characters. The rest could not be assigned to either Eastern Yellow or Western Yellow Wagtails. Eastern Yellow Wagtail is probably a common winter visitor to Sri Lanka and presumably also numerous on passage further north in South Asia. Birds in this region not identified to species using at least voice should be recorded as the species pair. Further research is required to clarify any previous specimen records of Eastern Yellow Wagtail in Sri Lanka, the status of the subspecies, the migratory routes involved, and the status of both species across South Asia.
总结。2019年11月在斯里兰卡观察到的黄鹡鸰Motacilla sp.具有东部黄鹡鸰M. tschutschensis的“沙哑”声音特征。DNA证实其中两个人为M. t. tschutschensis / plexa，而羽毛特征表明其中一个是M. t. plexa，另一个是M. t. tschutschensis，这是该物种在斯里兰卡的首次记录。在2019年11月至2020年1月期间，科伦坡的实地观测获得了106条黄鹡鸰记录。记录了57人的发声;所有的都有“刺耳”的叫声，没有一个有声音或羽毛特征，可以诊断为西部黄尾鹡鸰。在对科伦坡和特林博物馆的资料进行审查后，没有发现斯里兰卡东部黄鹡鸰的标本，该物种在南亚的地位也不清楚。来自不同来源的71份斯里兰卡黄鹡鸰的照片记录显示，根据羽毛特征，有7份黄鹡鸰的记录。其余的不能分配给东黄或西黄鹡鸰。东部黄鹡鸰可能是斯里兰卡常见的冬季来客，在南亚北部也可能有很多。在该区域内，不以至少声音识别为物种的鸟类应记录为物种对。需要进一步的研究来澄清以前在斯里兰卡的东部黄鹡鸰的标本记录、亚种的状况、所涉及的迁徙路线以及这两个物种在南亚的状况。
{"title":"Eastern Yellow Wagtail Motacilla tschutschensis and Western Yellow Wagtail M. flava in Sri Lanka with comments on their status in South Asia","authors":"Gary Allport, J. M. Collinson, S. Seneviratne, T. J. Shannon","doi":"10.25226/bboc.v141i4.2021.a2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25226/bboc.v141i4.2021.a2","url":null,"abstract":"Summary. Yellow wagtails Motacilla sp. observed in Sri Lanka in November 2019 had the ‘rasping’ voice characteristic of Eastern Yellow Wagtail M. tschutschensis. DNA confirmed two individuals as M. t. tschutschensis / plexa, whilst plumage characters suggested one was M. t. plexa and the other M. t. tschutschensis, the first records of the species in Sri Lanka. Field observations in Colombo, during November 2019–January 2020 yielded 106 yellow wagtail records. Vocalisations of 57 were recorded; all had ‘rasping’ calls, and none had vocal or plumage features diagnostic of Western Yellow Wagtail M. flava. A review of material in Colombo and Tring museums yielded no specimens of Eastern Yellow Wagtail from Sri Lanka, and the species’ status in South Asia is unclear. Seventy-one photographic records of yellow wagtails in Sri Lanka from varied sources revealed seven records of M. f. lutea based on plumage characters. The rest could not be assigned to either Eastern Yellow or Western Yellow Wagtails. Eastern Yellow Wagtail is probably a common winter visitor to Sri Lanka and presumably also numerous on passage further north in South Asia. Birds in this region not identified to species using at least voice should be recorded as the species pair. Further research is required to clarify any previous specimen records of Eastern Yellow Wagtail in Sri Lanka, the status of the subspecies, the migratory routes involved, and the status of both species across South Asia.","PeriodicalId":38973,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the British Ornithologists'' Club","volume":"55 1","pages":"372 - 386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80420142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-10DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i4.2021.a1
{"title":"CLUB ANNOUNCEMENTS","authors":"","doi":"10.25226/bboc.v141i4.2021.a1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25226/bboc.v141i4.2021.a1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38973,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the British Ornithologists'' Club","volume":"51 1","pages":"369 - 371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80930944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-10DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i4.2021.a5
H. C. Delfino, C. J. Carlos
Summary. Migration encompasses a persistent, directed, often seasonal, redistribution of individuals beyond or between their home ranges, but is often incorrectly used to describe a wide range of other movement behaviours in several animal groups, including birds. Flamingos (Phoenicopteridae) are birds that are frequently, but not universally, classified as migratory. Nevertheless, movements performed by flamingos do not seem to match the scientific and ecological concept of migration sensu stricto. We discuss different bird movements and their correct typology. Based on available information concerning flamingo movements, we recommend that they be considered irruptive or nomadic species, and that correct classification is important to avoid wrongly interpreting these birds' ecology in the media and scientific works. Despite that they are not truly migratory, conservation action plans for flamingos still need to take into account their movement behaviour.
{"title":"To be or not to be a migrant: the different movement behaviours of birds and insights into the migratory status of flamingos (Phoenicopteridae)","authors":"H. C. Delfino, C. J. Carlos","doi":"10.25226/bboc.v141i4.2021.a5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25226/bboc.v141i4.2021.a5","url":null,"abstract":"Summary. Migration encompasses a persistent, directed, often seasonal, redistribution of individuals beyond or between their home ranges, but is often incorrectly used to describe a wide range of other movement behaviours in several animal groups, including birds. Flamingos (Phoenicopteridae) are birds that are frequently, but not universally, classified as migratory. Nevertheless, movements performed by flamingos do not seem to match the scientific and ecological concept of migration sensu stricto. We discuss different bird movements and their correct typology. Based on available information concerning flamingo movements, we recommend that they be considered irruptive or nomadic species, and that correct classification is important to avoid wrongly interpreting these birds' ecology in the media and scientific works. Despite that they are not truly migratory, conservation action plans for flamingos still need to take into account their movement behaviour.","PeriodicalId":38973,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the British Ornithologists'' Club","volume":"28 1","pages":"418 - 427"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81512694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-10DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i4.2021.a7
Henry Pihlström
Summary. During a 1938 visit to what was Petsamo in northern Finland (today Pechenga, north-west Russia), Richard Meinertzhagen claimed to have observed several individuals of Spectacled Eider Somateria fischeri, a species that had previously been observed just once in Europe, in northern Norway in 1933. Due to the insufficient documentation, and inconsistencies regarding the number of birds seen, it is recommended that this sight record be treated henceforth with suspicion.
{"title":"Richard Meinertzhagen's 1938 observation of Spectacled Eiders Somateria fischeri at Petsamo, Finland (now Pechenga, Russia)","authors":"Henry Pihlström","doi":"10.25226/bboc.v141i4.2021.a7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25226/bboc.v141i4.2021.a7","url":null,"abstract":"Summary. During a 1938 visit to what was Petsamo in northern Finland (today Pechenga, north-west Russia), Richard Meinertzhagen claimed to have observed several individuals of Spectacled Eider Somateria fischeri, a species that had previously been observed just once in Europe, in northern Norway in 1933. Due to the insufficient documentation, and inconsistencies regarding the number of birds seen, it is recommended that this sight record be treated henceforth with suspicion.","PeriodicalId":38973,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the British Ornithologists'' Club","volume":"91 1","pages":"443 - 445"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82302192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-10DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i4.2021.a6
Alexander N. G. Kirschel, Michaella Moysi, Sifiso M. Lukhele, M. Sebastianelli, T. Asfaw, L. Hadjioannou, Kim G. Mortega, A. Monadjem, R. Moyle
Summary. Red-fronted Tinkerbird Pogoniulus pusillus (Dumont, 1816) presently comprises three recognised subspecies, of which two are found in East Africa and one occurs disjunctly in southern Africa. Based on their respective distributions and phenotypic differences, a taxonomic reassessment of the species is warranted. We performed a phylogenetic reconstruction using the mitochondrial genes ATPase 6/8 based on 33 samples from across the distribution of Red-fronted Tinkerbird and four outgroup samples, and then determined correspondence between genetic distances and differences in song and morphology among clades using the Tobias et al. criteria. Our phylogenetic analyses revealed 4.4% sequence divergence in mtDNA between northern and southern populations, with plumage, morphometric and song differences of a similar magnitude to those between P. pusillus and Yellow-fronted Tinkerbird P. chrysoconus, and above species-level thresholds according to the Tobias et al. criteria. Furthermore, the molecular phylogeny supports recognition of a synonymised taxon (P. p. eupterus) as a distinct, but phenotypically cryptic, subspecies in East Africa, with c.1.5% sequence divergence from P. p. affinis and P. p. uropygialis, which in turn differ less (1%) from each other. We propose that northern and southern Red-fronted Tinkerbirds are treated as separate species, and that the subspecies eupterus is resurrected. Our findings suggest that P. chrysoconus as presently constituted may also merit taxonomic revision.
总结。红额修补鸟Pogoniulus pusillus (Dumont, 1816)目前包括三个公认的亚种，其中两个在东非发现，一个在非洲南部分离出现。基于它们各自的分布和表型差异，物种的分类重新评估是必要的。我们利用线粒体基因ATPase 6/8进行了系统发育重建，该重建基于来自红顶修补鸟分布的33个样本和4个外群样本，然后使用Tobias等人的标准确定遗传距离与进化支之间鸣叫和形态差异之间的对应关系。我们的系统发育分析显示，南北种群之间的mtDNA序列差异为4.4%，羽毛、形态和鸣叫差异与P. pusillus和黄额Tinkerbird P. chrysoconus之间的差异相似，高于Tobias等人标准的物种水平阈值。此外，分子系统发育支持将P. P. eupterus同义分类单元(P. P. eupterus)识别为东非的一个独特但表型隐蔽的亚种，与P. P. affinis和P. P. uropygialis的序列差异为1.5%，而两者之间的差异较小(1%)。我们建议将北方和南方的红锋修补鸟作为单独的物种对待，并恢复红锋修补鸟亚种。我们的研究结果表明，目前构成的黄锥虫也可能值得分类修订。
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Pub Date : 2021-12-10DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v141i4.2021.a8
J. Diamond, K. Bishop
Summary. We describe results of the first ornithological exploration of the uplands of the Van Rees Mts., the lowest of New Guinea's ten outlying mountain ranges. The narrow Mamberamo River gorge separates them from the higher and more species-rich Foja Mts. The known avifauna of Van Rees comprises 223 species, of which 17 are winter visitors from Australia or the Palearctic (occurring overwhelmingly in open non-forest habitats), and 37 are upland species. Whilst most of the Van Rees upland species occur in the Foja Mts., conversely most Foja upland species are unrecorded from Van Rees. Of course, upland species whose Foja elevational floors lie above the Van Rees summit are predictably absent from the latter. However, there are also many ‘flagrant absentees’ from Van Rees—i.e., conspicuous or abundant Foja species that could or ‘should’ occur in Van Rees because their Foja floors lie well below the Van Rees summit. The percentage of Foja upland species occurring in Van Rees increases with decreasing Foja floor elevation. That is, availability of elevationally suitable habitat does not provide an all-or-nothing explanation, but only increases the probability, of upland species success in colonising Van Rees. Our Van Rees records of non-forest species at natural clearings in forest—landslides, mud volcanoes, streams and lakes—illustrate how the region’s endemic non-forest bird species may have evolved, despite forest being the climax vegetation over most of New Guinea. The lake Danau Bira and its surrounding marsh, created by a mud volcano damming a stream, support at least 23 water and marsh species. An appendix summarises records and elevational ranges of all 223 species recorded in the Van Rees Mts.
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