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Radiographic analysis of Meinertzhagen's redpoll specimens: testing a purported case of fraud 对迈纳茨哈根的红poll标本的放射分析:检验一个所谓的欺诈案件
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-06-03 DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v142i2.2022.a9
R. Prŷs-Jones
Summary. Based on a detailed analysis of the external appearance of redpoll Acanthis skins, Knox (1993) explicitly accused the collector Richard Meinertzhagen of having stolen specimens from the Natural History Museum bird skin collection and re-labelling them. Here, I test Knox's results using independent evidence of the internal appearance of the specimens in question derived from radiography. Radiographic evidence strongly supported Knox's overall conclusion of fraud by Meinertzhagen but revealed limitations inherent in his attempt to determine the collection history of bird skins using external appearance alone. Although results in such investigations are inherently likely to be probabilistic rather than certain, a multi-factorial approach, taking a wide array of evidence into account, is most likely to engender confidence in the outcome.
总结。诺克斯(1993)根据对红刺木皮外观的详细分析,明确地指责收藏家理查德·迈纳茨哈根(Richard Meinertzhagen)从自然历史博物馆的鸟类皮收藏中偷走了标本,并重新给它们贴上了标签。在这里,我用独立的证据来检验诺克斯的结果,这些证据来自于放射照相,是关于有问题的标本的内部外观的。射线照相证据有力地支持了诺克斯关于迈纳茨哈根造假的总体结论,但也揭示了他试图仅凭外表来确定鸟皮收集历史的固有局限性。虽然这类调查的结果在本质上很可能是概率性的,而不是确定性的,但考虑到广泛证据的多因素方法最有可能对结果产生信心。
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引用次数: 0
Pteruthiidae and Erpornithidae (Aves: Corvides): two new family-group names for babbler-like outgroups of the vireos (Vireonidae) 拟孔雀科和大孔雀科(鸟类:鸦科):拟孔雀科(拟孔雀科)的两个新科群名称
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-06-03 DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v142i2.2022.a8
G. Sangster, A. Cibois, S. Venkatrami Reddy
The Old World genera Erpornis Hodgson, 1844, and Pteruthius Swainson, 1832, were long considered babblers Timaliidae This was based on gross morphology (in Erpornis , similarity to Yuhina ; in Pteruthius , bold plumage pattern reminiscent of, e.g., the laughingthrush genus Garrulax ) and biogeography (presence alongside many ‘other’ species of babblers in the Oriental region), rather than phylogenetic analysis. Paradisaeidae*, Laniidae*, Corvidae*, Melampittidae, Ifritidae*, Monarchidae*, Machaerirhynchidae, Artamidae*, Cracticidae*, Rhagologidae, Aegithinidae, Pityriasidae*, Malaconotidae*, Platysteiridae*, Vangidae*, Sylviidae, Zosteropidae, Timaliidae, Pellorneidae, Leiotrichidae, Polioptilidae, Troglodytidae, Buphagidae, Sturnidae, Mimidae, Urocynchramidae, Ploceidae, Amblyospizidae, Viduidae*, Estrildidae*, Passeridae, Fringillidae, Plectrophenacidae*, Rhodinocichlidae*, Emberizidae*, Calyptophilidae*, Mitrospingidae*, Thraupidae*, Cardinalidae*, Passerellidae*, Phaenicophilidae*, Icteridae* and Parulidae*.
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引用次数: 1
First description of the nest and eggs of Ceará Leaftosser Sclerurus cearensis, with a review of the breeding biology of genus Sclerurus 本文首先介绍了赤叶蛾蛾的巢和卵,并对赤叶蛾属的育种生物学进行了综述
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-06-03 DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v142i2.2022.a2
Cicero Simão Lima Santos, Cecília Licarião, Weber Girão, Renata Beco, F. K. Ubaid
Summary. Sclerurus is a genus of morphologically uniform, strict understorey, leaf litter specialists. We present the first description of the nest and eggs of Ceará Leaftosser S. cearensis from north-east Brazil and review breeding data for the genus. Based on three nests, the nest of S. cearensis was classified as cavity/with-tunnel/low cup, the type typical of the genus. The nests were excavated in banks at a mean height of 1.48 ± 0.22 m above ground. Tunnels measured 50.83 ± 4.25 cm and terminated in an expanded, globular chamber where a small cup of sticks harbours the two white eggs. Eggs at one nest measured 25.7 × 19.8 mm and 24.3 × 19.6 mm, and weighed 5.1 g and 4.5 g, respectively. Available breeding data for the genus Sclerurus are remarkably uniform in all aspects and match our observations of Ceará Leaftosser.
总结。石斛属是形态一致的,严格的下层植物,落叶专家。本文首次报道了巴西东北部的ceear叶掷蝇(Leaftosser S. cearensis)的巢和卵,并对该属的育种资料进行了综述。根据3个巢型,将其划分为洞型/带洞型/低杯型,为该属典型的巢型。巢在离地平均高度1.48±0.22 m的河岸上挖掘。隧道的长度为50.83±4.25厘米,尽头是一个扩大的球形室,里面有一小杯树枝,里面有两个白色的鸡蛋。一个巢的卵长25.7 × 19.8毫米和24.3 × 19.6毫米,分别重5.1克和4.5克。现有的硬叶属育种资料在各方面都非常一致,并且与我们对ceear Leaftosser的观察结果相吻合。
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引用次数: 1
The colourful journey of the Eurasian Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto 欧亚领鸽的多彩旅程
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-06-03 DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v142i2.2022.a3
Hein van Grouw
Summary. In the 18th and 19th centuries the Eurasian Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto was widely considered to be the wild ancestor of the domesticated Barbary Dove (domestic S. risoria), and even following its recognition as a species its taxonomic status was a source of confusion. Since 1900, and the species' massive geographic expansion (both naturally and by introduction) the two taxa have occasionally met. The resultant hybridisation is probably the cause of the large number of Eurasian Collared Doves with the aberrant pale colour of Barbary Doves in areas where hybridisation has occurred.
总结。在18世纪和19世纪,欧亚颈鸽(Streptopelia decaocto)被广泛认为是驯养的巴巴里鸽(国内的S. risoria)的野生祖先,甚至在它被承认为一个物种之后,它的分类地位也是一个混乱的来源。自1900年以来,随着物种的大规模地理扩张(包括自然扩张和引进扩张),这两个分类群偶尔会相遇。由此产生的杂交可能是在杂交发生的地区大量欧亚颈圈鸽具有巴巴里鸽异常苍白颜色的原因。
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引用次数: 2
The tangled nomenclatural history of Haplopelia forbesi Salvadori, 1904: were Forbes and Robinson right all along? 1904年,萨尔瓦多褐藻(Haplopelia forbesi Salvadori)错综复杂的命名史:福布斯和罗宾逊一直都是对的吗?
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v142i1.2022.a7
John-James Wilson, C. Fisher, Tereza Senfeld, T. J. Shannon, J. M. Collinson
Summary. The specimen in Liverpool known as Forbes' Lemon Dove, collected pre-1844 purportedly in Cayenne (French Guiana), was catalogued by Forbes & Robinson in 1900 as Haplopelia principalis, despite this species having been described from the island of Príncipe in the Gulf of Guinea. As a result of the discrepancy in localities, the Liverpool specimen was subsequently described as a new species (Haplopelia forbesi) by Salvadori and suggested to be from West Africa. Over the course of the next century, the new taxon was subject to a variety of taxonomic treatments. To investigate the status and provenance of Forbes' Lemon Dove, we obtained a 472 bp cyt-b sequence from the specimen. This possessed 100% similarity with a Lemon Dove Columba (Aplopelia) larvata sequence from Príncipe and 99.79% similarity with a sequence of the same species from São Tomé. This suggests that Forbes & Robinson were correct that the specimen represents A. larvata principalis and was thus probably collected on Príncipe. However, more sequencing from across the Lemon Dove's range is required to resolve the taxonomy of this complex group and place Forbes' Lemon Dove more definitively.
总结。在利物浦发现的被称为“福布斯柠檬鸽”的标本,据说是1844年前在卡宴(法属圭亚那)收集的,1900年被福布斯和罗宾逊编目为“大斑斑鹬”,尽管这个物种是在几内亚湾Príncipe岛被描述的。由于位置上的差异,利物浦标本随后被Salvadori描述为一个新种(forbesi Haplopelia),并被认为来自西非。在接下来的一个世纪里,这个新分类单元受到了各种分类处理。为了研究福布斯柠檬鸽的状态和来源,我们从标本中获得了472 bp的cyt-b序列。这与来自Príncipe的柠檬鸽Columba (Aplopelia)幼虫序列具有100%的相似性,与来自 o tom的同一物种序列具有99.79%的相似性。这表明Forbes和Robinson是正确的,该标本代表A. larvata principalis,因此可能是在Príncipe上收集的。然而,需要对柠檬鸽子的范围进行更多的测序,才能解决这个复杂群体的分类问题,并更明确地确定福布斯的柠檬鸽子。
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引用次数: 0
Why may the same species have different elevational ranges at different sites in New Guinea? 为什么同一物种在新几内亚的不同地点有不同的海拔范围?
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v142i1.2022.a5
J. Diamond, K. Bishop
Summary. Species in mountainous areas have characteristic elevational ranges, but with some variation from site to site. Such variation has been studied extensively elsewhere in the world, but not yet for New Guinea bird species. Hence, we examined five sources of that variation for New Guinea birds: latitude, competition, slope, the Massenerhebung effect, and physical barriers. Decreases of species elevational ranges with latitude are illustrated by three sets of examples: 20 species confined to New Guinea's mountains, but which descend to sea level at higher latitudes in Australia (joined to New Guinea at Pleistocene times of low sea level); 13 sea-level populations of some of the same New Guinea upland species on New Guinea's Fly River bulge; and 11 populations on the Aru Islands (part of Pleistocene New Guinea and Australia). Many New Guinea species contract or expand their elevational ranges, associated with the presence or absence of competing congenerics, which segregate by elevation at sites of sympatry. The flat Karimui Basin at an elevation of 1,110 m illustrates effects of slope, because the basin supports populations of many species otherwise characteristic of the flat lowlands, and lacks populations of many hill forest species characteristic of the sloping terrain found at that elevation elsewhere in New Guinea. We provide three sets of New Guinea examples of the Massenerhebung effect described for mountains elsewhere in the world: shifts of species to higher elevations on large high mountains far from the sea than on small coastal mountains or isolated mountains. Finally, we suggest that very steep high ridges boxing in a watershed on the Foja Mts. constitute dispersal barriers that have prevented 33 species expected at that watershed's elevation from arriving or establishing themselves.
总结。山区的物种有典型的海拔范围,但在不同的地点有一定的差异。这种变异已经在世界其他地方进行了广泛的研究,但尚未对新几内亚的鸟类进行研究。因此,我们研究了新几内亚鸟类变异的五个来源:纬度、竞争、坡度、Massenerhebung效应和物理障碍。物种海拔高度范围随纬度的减小可以用三组例子来说明:20种物种局限于新几内亚山脉,但在澳大利亚的高纬度地区下降到海平面(在低海平面的更新世时期与新几内亚相连);在新几内亚飞河凸起处的一些新几内亚高地物种的13个海平面种群;在阿鲁群岛(更新世新几内亚和澳大利亚的一部分)有11个种群。许多新几内亚物种缩小或扩大其海拔范围,与竞争的同属物种的存在或不存在有关,这些同属物种在同栖地点按海拔分离。海拔1110米的卡里穆伊盆地地势平坦,说明了坡度的影响,因为该盆地支持许多平坦低地特有的物种种群,而在新几内亚其他地方的海拔高度,却缺乏许多山坡森林特有的物种种群。我们提供了三组新几内亚的例子,说明了世界其他地方的山脉所描述的Massenerhebung效应:在远离海洋的大高山上,物种向更高海拔的转移,而不是在沿海的小山脉或孤立的山脉上。最后,我们认为,在Foja山脉的一个分水岭上,非常陡峭的高脊形成了扩散障碍,阻止了该分水岭海拔的33个物种到达或定居。
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引用次数: 2
CLUB ANNOUNCEMENTS 俱乐部声明
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v142i1.2022.a1
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引用次数: 0
Catalogue of Cuban fossil and subfossil birds 古巴化石和亚化石鸟类目录
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v142i1.2022.a3
W. Suárez
Summary. All information relating to the Cuban palaeo-avifauna since the first published list in 1928 to the present, is summarised and presented as a catalogue with commentary. I update data on the composition, systematics and distribution of fossil and subfossil birds from Quaternary (Late Pleistocene-Holocene interval) deposits in Cuba, with a necessary critical review. Thirty-six taxa (30 extinct, two poorly represented and apparently also extinct, and four extirpated) are listed as valid records in Section I, under 14 families, with Teratornithidae the only extinct family grouping. Birds of prey and scavengers constitute 72.2% of these taxa, with Accipitridae (22.2%) and Falconidae (16.6%) the best represented, followed by nocturnal raptors. Sections II and III comment on and discuss material referred to 29 taxa, of which one is of dubious identity and the others misidentified and / or synonymised at class, family, genus or species level. Cuban neospecies currently known in paleontological localities throughout the archipelago are listed in Section IV; 49 are identified (14 considered today as endemic species, including six endemic genera) in 26 families.
总结。从1928年第一次公布的名单到现在,所有关于古巴古鸟类的资料都被总结并作为一份附有评论的目录提出。更新了古巴第四纪(晚更新世-全新世)沉积物中鸟类化石和亚化石的组成、系统分类和分布数据,并进行了必要的评述。第一节收录了14科36个有效记录,其中30个已灭绝,2个代表性较差且明显已灭绝,4个已灭绝,其中Teratornithidae是唯一已灭绝的科群。其中以猛禽科(22.2%)和隼科(16.6%)最具代表性,夜间猛禽次之。第二节和第三节对涉及29个分类群的材料进行了评论和讨论,其中一个分类群身份可疑,其他分类群在纲、科、属或种水平上被错误识别和/或同义。在整个群岛的古生物学地点目前已知的古巴新物种列在第四节;在26科中已确定49种(今天认为有14种为特有种,包括6个特有种属)。
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引用次数: 3
Note on the nomenclature of Myrmothera guttata Vieillot, 1824 (Passeriformes, Thamnophilidae) 这首歌在美国公告牌百强单曲榜上排名第二,在英国单曲榜上排名第三,在英国单曲榜上排名第四。
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v142i1.2022.a2
Christophe Gouraud
Summary. Work on the publication date of Bonnaterre & Vieillot's Tableau encyclopédique et méthodique calls into question the priority of some names in use today. Among these Myrmothera guttata Vieillot, 1824, proves to be a junior synonym of a name introduced earlier. The possible reversal of precedence is studied here in compliance with the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.
总结。Bonnaterre & Vieillot出版日期的工作表encyclopedique et methodique质疑一些名字在今天使用的优先级。在这些品种中,1824年的Myrmothera guttata Vieillot被证明是较早前介绍的一个名字的同义词。根据《国际动物命名法》,这里研究了可能的优先顺序反转。
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引用次数: 0
Breeding ecology of Rufous Potoo Nyctibius bracteatus in central Amazonian Brazil 巴西亚马逊河流域中部布氏红斑马鱼的繁殖生态学
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v142i1.2022.a9
Marcelo Henrique Mello Barreiros, Mariana Tolentino, G. A. Leite
Summary. The smallest potoo, Rufous Potoo Nyctibius bracteatus is a little-known and inconspicuous species of the understorey in Amazonian terra firme forests, where it roosts by day. Currently, there are few published observations describing its natural history and reproductive ecology. We present data on nest and egg characteristics, nestling appearance, behaviour and development, and parental care, based on three different nests in three consecutive years at Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke, Manaus, central Amazonian Brazil. All nests had similar characteristics and the single egg at one nest was cream-coloured with brown spots. The young at one nest fledged when c.40 days old, but the other two nests were both predated by ant swarms, constituting the first report of such predation in the Nyctibiidae.
总结。最小的波托,红波托Nyctibius bracteatus是一种鲜为人知和不显眼的物种,生活在亚马逊陆地上的温带森林的下层,白天栖息在那里。目前,对其自然历史和生殖生态的描述较少。我们在巴西亚马逊流域中部玛瑙斯的弗洛雷斯塔尔阿道夫达克水库连续三年的三个不同的巢穴中,提供了巢和蛋的特征、雏鸟的外观、行为和发育以及亲代护理的数据。所有的巢都有相似的特征,其中一个巢的单个蛋是奶油色的,上面有棕色的斑点。其中一个巢穴的幼蚁在出生40天后就羽翼丰满,但另外两个巢穴都被蚁群捕食,这是在夜蛾科中首次报道的这种捕食行为。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Bulletin of the British Ornithologists'' Club
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