Pub Date : 2024-01-21DOI: 10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14745
M. Soloveva, M. Solovev, D. Mironova, L. Mendeleeva
Background: To assess the efficacy of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) in multiple myeloma (MM) patients with acute renal failure. Materials and Methods: A retrospective single-center study included 64 patients (30 men, 34 women) with MM and kidney damage at the onset of the disease, aged 19 to 65 years (median 54), who underwent auto-HSCT from 2013 to 2019. 23 patients (36%) were dialysis-dependent at the time of diagnosis. The analysis was carried out in two groups: the "HD-" group (patients who were independent of hemodialysis during auto-HSCT, n = 54), and the "HD +" group (patients who underwent auto-HSCT while treated with programmed hemodialysis, n = 10). Research results were statistically processed using the Statistica software (version 10.0); the data obtained were presented graphically. Statistical analysis was performed using survival analysis (using the Kaplan-Meier method, with a Log-Rank Test) and frequency analysis (using contingency tables and Fisher's test). Results: The patients dependent on hemodialysis were significantly more likely to require red blood cell transfusions compared to the dialysis-independent patients (100% versus 35%, p = 0.0001). Reactivation of a herpes viral infection and reversible toxic encephalopathy developed significantly more often in the patients from the “HD +” group compared with the patients from the “HD-” group (30% versus 6%, p = 0.04 and 20% versus 0%, p = 0.02, respectively). As a result of the treatment (induction + auto-HSCT), 14 patients (61%) became hemodialysis-independent. There was no transplant-related mortality. With a median follow-up of 48 months, the 5-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 70% and 42%, respectively. Conclusion: Auto-HSCT is a safe and effective treatment for patients with MM complicated by acute kidney injury. Fourteen of 23 (61%) patients became dialysis-independent.
{"title":"Results of Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with Multiple Myeloma (MM) and Renal Impairment: A Retrospective Single-Center Study","authors":"M. Soloveva, M. Solovev, D. Mironova, L. Mendeleeva","doi":"10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14745","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To assess the efficacy of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) in multiple myeloma (MM) patients with acute renal failure. \u0000Materials and Methods: A retrospective single-center study included 64 patients (30 men, 34 women) with MM and kidney damage at the onset of the disease, aged 19 to 65 years (median 54), who underwent auto-HSCT from 2013 to 2019. 23 patients (36%) were dialysis-dependent at the time of diagnosis. The analysis was carried out in two groups: the \"HD-\" group (patients who were independent of hemodialysis during auto-HSCT, n = 54), and the \"HD +\" group (patients who underwent auto-HSCT while treated with programmed hemodialysis, n = 10). Research results were statistically processed using the Statistica software (version 10.0); the data obtained were presented graphically. Statistical analysis was performed using survival analysis (using the Kaplan-Meier method, with a Log-Rank Test) and frequency analysis (using contingency tables and Fisher's test). \u0000Results: The patients dependent on hemodialysis were significantly more likely to require red blood cell transfusions compared to the dialysis-independent patients (100% versus 35%, p = 0.0001). Reactivation of a herpes viral infection and reversible toxic encephalopathy developed significantly more often in the patients from the “HD +” group compared with the patients from the “HD-” group (30% versus 6%, p = 0.04 and 20% versus 0%, p = 0.02, respectively). As a result of the treatment (induction + auto-HSCT), 14 patients (61%) became hemodialysis-independent. There was no transplant-related mortality. With a median follow-up of 48 months, the 5-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 70% and 42%, respectively. \u0000Conclusion: Auto-HSCT is a safe and effective treatment for patients with MM complicated by acute kidney injury. Fourteen of 23 (61%) patients became dialysis-independent.","PeriodicalId":38991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research","volume":"2 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139610299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-21DOI: 10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14742
Natalia N. Popova, M. Drokov, Yulia Davydova, Nikolay Kapranov, V. Vasilieva, I. Galtseva, L. Kuzmina, Elena Parovichnikova
Background: Memory T cells are a heterogeneous population of immune cells that provide adaptive immunity. Its full recovery seems essential for graft-versus-tumor reactions that provide an opportunity for biological cure in patients with acute leukemia. The use of mismatched or haploidentical donors has increased, which has become possible because of modifications in graft versus host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. Materials and Methods: Sixty-five leukemia patients (acute myeloid leukemia – 40, acute lymphoblastic leukemia – 25), median age 33 (17–61) years, underwent allo-HSCT from 2016 to 2019 in the National Research Centre for Hematology. Patients were divided into three groups based on the impact of GVHD prophylaxis on T cell recovery: horse antithymocyte globulin (ATG)-based regimen (n=32), horse ATG combined with posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PT-Cy) (n=18), and ex vivo T cell depletion (n=15). Results: The early period after transplantation (before day +100) was characterized by significantly lower absolute numbers of T naïve, memory stem and T central memory cells in peripheral blood in patients after ATG+PT-Cy-regimen or ex vivo T cell depletion than after ATG-based prophylaxis (p<0.05). Moreover, strong depletion of naïve T and memory stem cells prevents the development of GVHD, and determining the absolute number of CD8+ naïve T and memory stem cells with a cutoff of 1.31 cells per microliter seems to be a perspective in assessing the risks of developing acute GVHD (p=0.008). The dynamics of T cell recovery showed the involvement of either circulating or bone marrow resident T effector cells shortly after allogeneic transplantation in all patients, but the use of manipulated grafts with ex vivo T cell depletion requires the involvement of naïve and memory stem cells. There was no significant effect of T cell recovery on leukemia relapse after allogeneic transplantation. Conclusion: These experimental outcomes contribute to providing the best understanding of immunological events that occur early after transplantation and help in the rational choice of GVHD prophylaxis in patients who will undergo allogeneic transplantation. Our study demonstrated the comparable immunological effects of posttransplant cyclophosphamide and ex vivo T cell depletion and immunological inefficiency of horse ATG for GVHD prevention.
背景：记忆 T 细胞是一种提供适应性免疫的异质性免疫细胞群。记忆 T 细胞的完全恢复似乎对移植物抗肿瘤反应至关重要，而移植物抗肿瘤反应为急性白血病患者提供了生物治愈的机会。由于移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）预防措施的改变，错配或单倍体供体的使用有所增加。材料与方法：65名白血病患者（急性髓性白血病40人，急性淋巴细胞白血病25人），中位年龄33（17-61）岁，于2016年至2019年在国家血液学研究中心接受了allo-HSCT。根据预防GVHD对T细胞恢复的影响，患者被分为三组：基于抗胸腺细胞球蛋白（ATG）的马来方案（32人）、马来ATG联合移植后环磷酰胺（PT-Cy）（18人）和体外T细胞耗竭（15人）。研究结果移植后早期（100天前），采用ATG+PT-Cy方案或体内外T细胞耗竭疗法的患者外周血中T幼稚细胞、记忆干细胞和T中心记忆细胞的绝对数量明显低于采用ATG预防疗法的患者（P<0.05）。此外，强力消耗幼稚T细胞和记忆干细胞可防止GVHD的发生，以每微升1.31个细胞为临界值确定CD8+幼稚T细胞和记忆干细胞的绝对数量似乎是评估发生急性GVHD风险的一个视角（p=0.008）。T细胞的恢复动态显示，所有患者在异体移植后不久，循环或骨髓驻留的T效应细胞都参与了移植，但使用体内外T细胞耗竭的操作移植物需要幼稚干细胞和记忆干细胞的参与。T细胞恢复对异体移植后白血病复发没有明显影响。结论这些实验结果有助于更好地了解移植后早期发生的免疫学事件，并帮助将接受异体移植的患者合理选择GVHD预防措施。我们的研究表明，移植后环磷酰胺和体内外T细胞耗竭的免疫学效果相当，而马ATG在预防GVHD方面的免疫学效果不佳。
{"title":"Kinetics of Recovery of Naïve and Memory T Cells in Acute Leukemia Patients after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation Depending on Different GVHD Prophylaxis Regimens","authors":"Natalia N. Popova, M. Drokov, Yulia Davydova, Nikolay Kapranov, V. Vasilieva, I. Galtseva, L. Kuzmina, Elena Parovichnikova","doi":"10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14742","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Memory T cells are a heterogeneous population of immune cells that provide adaptive immunity. Its full recovery seems essential for graft-versus-tumor reactions that provide an opportunity for biological cure in patients with acute leukemia. The use of mismatched or haploidentical donors has increased, which has become possible because of modifications in graft versus host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. \u0000Materials and Methods: Sixty-five leukemia patients (acute myeloid leukemia – 40, acute lymphoblastic leukemia – 25), median age 33 (17–61) years, underwent allo-HSCT from 2016 to 2019 in the National Research Centre for Hematology. Patients were divided into three groups based on the impact of GVHD prophylaxis on T cell recovery: horse antithymocyte globulin (ATG)-based regimen (n=32), horse ATG combined with posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PT-Cy) (n=18), and ex vivo T cell depletion (n=15). \u0000Results: The early period after transplantation (before day +100) was characterized by significantly lower absolute numbers of T naïve, memory stem and T central memory cells in peripheral blood in patients after ATG+PT-Cy-regimen or ex vivo T cell depletion than after ATG-based prophylaxis (p<0.05). Moreover, strong depletion of naïve T and memory stem cells prevents the development of GVHD, and determining the absolute number of CD8+ naïve T and memory stem cells with a cutoff of 1.31 cells per microliter seems to be a perspective in assessing the risks of developing acute GVHD (p=0.008). The dynamics of T cell recovery showed the involvement of either circulating or bone marrow resident T effector cells shortly after allogeneic transplantation in all patients, but the use of manipulated grafts with ex vivo T cell depletion requires the involvement of naïve and memory stem cells. There was no significant effect of T cell recovery on leukemia relapse after allogeneic transplantation. \u0000Conclusion: These experimental outcomes contribute to providing the best understanding of immunological events that occur early after transplantation and help in the rational choice of GVHD prophylaxis in patients who will undergo allogeneic transplantation. Our study demonstrated the comparable immunological effects of posttransplant cyclophosphamide and ex vivo T cell depletion and immunological inefficiency of horse ATG for GVHD prevention.","PeriodicalId":38991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research","volume":"11 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139610142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-21DOI: 10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14743
Alireza Sadeghi, Reyhane Gardashti, Farzaneh Ashrafi, V. Mehrzad
Background: Recurrence of ALL in the central nervous system, CNS Relapse, is known as a poor prognostic factor. Few studies have been performed on the CNS Relapse in adults with ALL. This study aimed to evaluate the recurrence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the central nervous system, CNS relapse, in adults with ALL. Materials and Methods: Seventy newly diagnosed patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia aged 15 years and older referred to Seyyed Al-Shohada Hospital in Isfahan between 2014 and 2019 were included in this study. All patients treated with the Hyper-CVAD regimen underwent prophylaxis for the central nervous system based on the risk of CNS relapse. All study participants with CNS relapse underwent intrathecal chemotherapy. Results: The median age of patients was 34 years. Four patients (5.7%) had primary central nervous system involvement. Out of 70 patients receiving the Hyper-CVAD regimen, 59 (84.2%) achieved complete remission. Of the 59 patients achieving CR, ten (16.94%) developed CNS relapse. The median duration of CR before CNS relapse was 21 weeks. Out of 10 patients with CNS relapse, seven (70%) achieved complete remission. Of seven patients achieving CR in the central nervous system, one had a second recurrence in the central nervous system, but finally achieved CNS complete remission. The median survival of patients after CNS relapse was four months. The results also showed that out of 10 patients with CNS relapse, four (40%) survived one year. Conclusion: This study shows that the prognosis of CNS relapse in adults with ALL has not improved much. Limited studies have been conducted on the recurrence of the central nervous system in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Therefore, further studies on CNS relapse after complete remission of ALL are required to clarify more details.
{"title":"Evaluation of Central Nervous System Relapse in Adults with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Receiving Hyper-CVAD Treatment in Seyyed Al-Shohada Hospital: Isfahan, 2014-2019","authors":"Alireza Sadeghi, Reyhane Gardashti, Farzaneh Ashrafi, V. Mehrzad","doi":"10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14743","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Recurrence of ALL in the central nervous system, CNS Relapse, is known as a poor prognostic factor. Few studies have been performed on the CNS Relapse in adults with ALL. This study aimed to evaluate the recurrence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the central nervous system, CNS relapse, in adults with ALL. \u0000Materials and Methods: Seventy newly diagnosed patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia aged 15 years and older referred to Seyyed Al-Shohada Hospital in Isfahan between 2014 and 2019 were included in this study. All patients treated with the Hyper-CVAD regimen underwent prophylaxis for the central nervous system based on the risk of CNS relapse. All study participants with CNS relapse underwent intrathecal chemotherapy. \u0000Results: The median age of patients was 34 years. Four patients (5.7%) had primary central nervous system involvement. Out of 70 patients receiving the Hyper-CVAD regimen, 59 (84.2%) achieved complete remission. Of the 59 patients achieving CR, ten (16.94%) developed CNS relapse. \u0000The median duration of CR before CNS relapse was 21 weeks. Out of 10 patients with CNS relapse, seven (70%) achieved complete remission. Of seven patients achieving CR in the central nervous system, one had a second recurrence in the central nervous system, but finally achieved CNS complete remission. The median survival of patients after CNS relapse was four months. The results also showed that out of 10 patients with CNS relapse, four (40%) survived one year. \u0000Conclusion: This study shows that the prognosis of CNS relapse in adults with ALL has not improved much. Limited studies have been conducted on the recurrence of the central nervous system in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Therefore, further studies on CNS relapse after complete remission of ALL are required to clarify more details.","PeriodicalId":38991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research","volume":"3 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139610292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Gastric cancer is an invasive cancer, which is usually diagnosed in advanced stages. However, the markers affecting its progression, and invasion are of great importance in its diagnosis and treatment. The current research aimed to study the correlation of genes that contributed to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), Mest1, and GjA1, with some clinicopathological specifications in gastric cancer patients to better comprehend the functions of these genes in this tumor. Materials and Methods: RNA was extracted from the tumor, and normal tissues and cDNA were synthesized. Then, by designing specific primers for Gja1 and Mest1 genes, their expressions were studied by RT-PCR. The data was analyzed by GraphPad Prism 8 software. Results: Significant differences among the expressions of mentioned genes associated with clinicopathological variables of gastric cancer patients, including tumor size, grade, stage, metastasis, and lymphatic invasion were seen. Conclusion: The obtained data showed the important role of EMT-related genes, Gja1 and Mest1 in the clinical progression of the tumor. Further studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm these genes as biomarker candidates for detecting gastric cancer.
{"title":"The Expression Analysis of MEST1 and GJA1 Genes in Gastric Cancer in Association with Clinicopathological Characteristics","authors":"Nooshin Pourjamal, Reza Shirkoohi, Elham Rohani, Mehrdad Hashemi","doi":"10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14747","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gastric cancer is an invasive cancer, which is usually diagnosed in advanced stages. However, the markers affecting its progression, and invasion are of great importance in its diagnosis and treatment. The current research aimed to study the correlation of genes that contributed to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), Mest1, and GjA1, with some clinicopathological specifications in gastric cancer patients to better comprehend the functions of these genes in this tumor. \u0000Materials and Methods: RNA was extracted from the tumor, and normal tissues and cDNA were synthesized. Then, by designing specific primers for Gja1 and Mest1 genes, their expressions were studied by RT-PCR. The data was analyzed by GraphPad Prism 8 software. \u0000Results: Significant differences among the expressions of mentioned genes associated with clinicopathological variables of gastric cancer patients, including tumor size, grade, stage, metastasis, and lymphatic invasion were seen. \u0000Conclusion: The obtained data showed the important role of EMT-related genes, Gja1 and Mest1 in the clinical progression of the tumor. Further studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm these genes as biomarker candidates for detecting gastric cancer.","PeriodicalId":38991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research","volume":"10 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139609905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-21DOI: 10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14750
Natalia Builes
Reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) regimens have the potential to decrease toxicities related to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). While initial results may have been acceptable in adults and young adults, there are no well-established strategies in children with SCD. Here, it is described the clinical course of two children with symptomatic SCD who have successfully undergone HSCT using Fludarabin-based conditioning.
{"title":"Fludarabine-Based Reduced-Intensity Conditioning Regimen for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in a Pediatric Patient with Sickle Cell Disease: A Case Report","authors":"Natalia Builes","doi":"10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14750","url":null,"abstract":"Reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) regimens have the potential to decrease toxicities related to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). While initial results may have been acceptable in adults and young adults, there are no well-established strategies in children with SCD. Here, it is described the clinical course of two children with symptomatic SCD who have successfully undergone HSCT using Fludarabin-based conditioning.","PeriodicalId":38991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research","volume":"19 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139610000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-21DOI: 10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14746
S. Afhami, Alireza Adibimehr, Seyed Asadollah Mousavi, Mohammad Vaezi, Mahnaz Montazeri, Mohammadreza Salehi, Mohsen Meidani, Mahshid Saleh, K. Ahmadikia, Emmanuel Roilides, Johan Maertens, N. Alijani
Background: Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with hematological malignancies. Given the considerable prevalence and consequences of IFIs, hence revealing the exact cause of fungal infections, their rate, associated risk factors, and complications could contribute to reducing both financial and life costs, choosing targeted antifungal treatment, and avoiding unnecessary toxic treatments in individuals who are not suffering from mycoses. Materials and Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the first semester of 2019. All patients with hematologic malignancies (HM) admitted to Dr. Shariati Hospital were studied. Only those with probable/proven IFIs defined according to the last update of EORTC/MSG criteria were included in the study. The demographic and clinical data were recorded from the hospital information registration system using a questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 24. Results: Out of 1109 HM patients hospitalized during the study period, 67 (6.04%) IFIs were diagnosed. Of these, 57 (85.04%) were aspergillosis, 7 (10.4%) were mucormycosis, and 3 patients developed other fungal infections. Males constituted 67.2% of the entire IFI population. The mean±SD age of the samples was 43.16 ± 13.8 years. The most common type of malignancy was AML. Lung imaging showed lesions associated with fungal infections in 52 cases (77.6%), with multiple nodules as the most prevalent pattern being observed in 64.2% of cases. Sinus involvement was evidenced in the PNS CT scan of 46 (68.6%) patients. The attributable mortality rate for IFIs was 62.7%. Both the types of IFI and malignancies had no significant relationship with the outcome of patients. Central venous catheter, mucositis, and antibiotic use were the most frequent risk factors. Conclusion: IFI represents a frequent complication for HM patients with high mortality. Aspergillus species are the predominant etiology in these settings. Considering our results, in high-risk patients, manifestations of warning signs in the sinus and lungs, which would not be cleared despite receiving antibiotics, should raise the possibility of IFIs.
{"title":"Rate, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Invasive Fungal Infections in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies","authors":"S. Afhami, Alireza Adibimehr, Seyed Asadollah Mousavi, Mohammad Vaezi, Mahnaz Montazeri, Mohammadreza Salehi, Mohsen Meidani, Mahshid Saleh, K. Ahmadikia, Emmanuel Roilides, Johan Maertens, N. Alijani","doi":"10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14746","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with hematological malignancies. Given the considerable prevalence and consequences of IFIs, hence revealing the exact cause of fungal infections, their rate, associated risk factors, and complications could contribute to reducing both financial and life costs, choosing targeted antifungal treatment, and avoiding unnecessary toxic treatments in individuals who are not suffering from mycoses. \u0000Materials and Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the first semester of 2019. All patients with hematologic malignancies (HM) admitted to Dr. Shariati Hospital were studied. Only those with probable/proven IFIs defined according to the last update of EORTC/MSG criteria were included in the study. The demographic and clinical data were recorded from the hospital information registration system using a questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 24. \u0000Results: Out of 1109 HM patients hospitalized during the study period, 67 (6.04%) IFIs were diagnosed. Of these, 57 (85.04%) were aspergillosis, 7 (10.4%) were mucormycosis, and 3 patients developed other fungal infections. Males constituted 67.2% of the entire IFI population. The mean±SD age of the samples was 43.16 ± 13.8 years. The most common type of malignancy was AML. Lung imaging showed lesions associated with fungal infections in 52 cases (77.6%), with multiple nodules as the most prevalent pattern being observed in 64.2% of cases. Sinus involvement was evidenced in the PNS CT scan of 46 (68.6%) patients. The attributable mortality rate for IFIs was 62.7%. Both the types of IFI and malignancies had no significant relationship with the outcome of patients. Central venous catheter, mucositis, and antibiotic use were the most frequent risk factors. \u0000Conclusion: IFI represents a frequent complication for HM patients with high mortality. Aspergillus species are the predominant etiology in these settings. Considering our results, in high-risk patients, manifestations of warning signs in the sinus and lungs, which would not be cleared despite receiving antibiotics, should raise the possibility of IFIs.","PeriodicalId":38991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research","volume":"17 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139609675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-21DOI: 10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14739
Zeynab Shaghaghi Torkdari, M. Khalaj-Kondori, M. H. Hosseinpour Feizi
Background: Breast cancer is identified as the most common malignancy and cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Compared with healthy controls, this study evaluated the expression level and diagnostic power of lncRNA plasma TINCR in breast cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Fifty-eight women diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma and fifty healthy age- matched controls were included in the study. TRIzol® LS regent was used to isolate the total RNA from the whole plasma. Total RNA was converted to cDNA using Prime ScriptTM RT reagent kit and the expression levels of TINCR were quantified by qRT-PCR. Results: Low levels of TINCR lncRNA were observed in the plasma of breast cancer patients compared with control subjects. Plasma TINCR level was also positively correlated with the diagnostic age of breast cancer patients. Conclusion: A low level of plasma TINCR could discriminate breast cancer patients from healthy control subjects.
{"title":"Plasma Circulating Terminal Differentiation–Induced Non-Coding RNA Serves as a Biomarker in Breast Cancer","authors":"Zeynab Shaghaghi Torkdari, M. Khalaj-Kondori, M. H. Hosseinpour Feizi","doi":"10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14739","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breast cancer is identified as the most common malignancy and cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Compared with healthy controls, this study evaluated the expression level and diagnostic power of lncRNA plasma TINCR in breast cancer patients. \u0000Materials and Methods: Fifty-eight women diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma and fifty healthy age- matched controls were included in the study. TRIzol® LS regent was used to isolate the total RNA from the whole plasma. Total RNA was converted to cDNA using Prime ScriptTM RT reagent kit and the expression levels of TINCR were quantified by qRT-PCR. \u0000Results: Low levels of TINCR lncRNA were observed in the plasma of breast cancer patients compared with control subjects. Plasma TINCR level was also positively correlated with the diagnostic age of breast cancer patients. \u0000Conclusion: A low level of plasma TINCR could discriminate breast cancer patients from healthy control subjects.","PeriodicalId":38991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research","volume":"2 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139610387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-21DOI: 10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14748
Ladan Paya, A. Rafat, Mehdi Talebi, A. Aghbali, Nikzad Shahidi, Babak Nejati, Parya Emamverdizadeh, H. N. Charoudeh
Background: Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas (HNSCCs) are heterogeneous malignancies that comprise 90% of the head and neck cancers. HNSCCs originate from the mucosal lining epithelium of the upper aerodigestive tract. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) that generate HNSCCs with the CD44, CD133, and ALDH phenotype and are resistant to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In the current, the quantitative alteration in CD44 and CD133 expression pre- and post-tumor resection and radiotherapy was evaluated in HNSCC patients. Moreover, the alterations in the expression of Bax, Bak, Bcl-2, ALDH, and PTEN genes were measured. Materials and Methods: Flow cytometry was performed to evaluate the alterations in CD44 and CD133 surface markers pre- and posttumor resection and radiotherapy. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) was conducted to investigate the mRNA expression levels of Bax, Bak, Bcl-2, ALDH, and PTEN. Results: The results indicated that the cancer stem cell CD44 surface marker significantly decreased after tumor resection and radiotherapy in HNSCC cases, while the decrease was insignificant for CD133 marker expression. mRNA expression level of Bcl-2 and ALDH was increased, but Bax and Bak gene expressions were reduced significantly Conclusion: The results also indicated that the expression of CD44 significantly decreased after tumor resection and radiotherapy. The upregulation of mRNA level of Bcl-2 and ALDH, and the downregulation of Bax and Bak gene expression were noted in these cases when compared to the healthy control group.
{"title":"The Effect of Tumor Resection and Radiotherapy on the Expression of Stem Cell Markers (CD44 and CD133) in Patients with Squamous Cell Carcinoma","authors":"Ladan Paya, A. Rafat, Mehdi Talebi, A. Aghbali, Nikzad Shahidi, Babak Nejati, Parya Emamverdizadeh, H. N. Charoudeh","doi":"10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14748","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas (HNSCCs) are heterogeneous malignancies that comprise 90% of the head and neck cancers. HNSCCs originate from the mucosal lining epithelium of the upper aerodigestive tract. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) that generate HNSCCs with the CD44, CD133, and ALDH phenotype and are resistant to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In the current, the quantitative alteration in CD44 and CD133 expression pre- and post-tumor resection and radiotherapy was evaluated in HNSCC patients. Moreover, the alterations in the expression of Bax, Bak, Bcl-2, ALDH, and PTEN genes were measured. \u0000Materials and Methods: Flow cytometry was performed to evaluate the alterations in CD44 and CD133 surface markers pre- and posttumor resection and radiotherapy. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) was conducted to investigate the mRNA expression levels of Bax, Bak, Bcl-2, ALDH, and PTEN. \u0000Results: The results indicated that the cancer stem cell CD44 surface marker significantly decreased after tumor resection and radiotherapy in HNSCC cases, while the decrease was insignificant for CD133 marker expression. mRNA expression level of Bcl-2 and ALDH was increased, but Bax and Bak gene expressions were reduced significantly \u0000Conclusion: The results also indicated that the expression of CD44 significantly decreased after tumor resection and radiotherapy. The upregulation of mRNA level of Bcl-2 and ALDH, and the downregulation of Bax and Bak gene expression were noted in these cases when compared to the healthy control group.","PeriodicalId":38991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research","volume":"18 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139610250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-21DOI: 10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14741
Hasan Goze, Tahir Alper Cinli, Kursad Nuri Baydilli, I. Serin
Background: Despite the existence of standard risk classification systems and effective treatment approaches, 34% to 37% of advanced-stage Hodgkin lymphomas (HLs) either relapse or progress. Our goal in our study was to show the relationship between initial lymphocyte count and stage while examining their effects on prognosis. The initial lymphocyte count, which is proven in advanced-stage patients, could be an important factor in terms of showing the prognosis in the early stage. Materials and Methods: Our study included 190 patients diagnosed with HL in our hospital between January 2010 and September 2020. HL subtypes, diagnosis stages, presence of bulky or mediastinal masses, lymphadenopathy areas, and demographic data of patients, such as age and sex. The aim was to obtain a cutoff in the statistical analysis performed to explore the relationship between lymphocyte level and stage, which is the main hypothesis of the study. Results: Of the 190 patients evaluated, 77 were female (40.5%) and 113 were male (59.5%). To obtain a cutoff in terms of lymphocyte level and stage relationship, a value of 2380/mm3 and below was found to be associated with stage 3-4 disease with a sensitivity of 86.44% and a specificity of 33.3% (AUC: 0.613 (0.539-0.682), p<0.007). Conclusion: This result can be improved in combination with conventional imaging methods used for staging purposes. Further studies may shed light on staging and especially the diagnosis of advanced-stage disease with high sensitivity.
{"title":"Lymphocyte Level at Diagnosis in Hodgkin lymphoma: Could It be an Indicator of the Stage at Initial Diagnosis?","authors":"Hasan Goze, Tahir Alper Cinli, Kursad Nuri Baydilli, I. Serin","doi":"10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14741","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Despite the existence of standard risk classification systems and effective treatment approaches, 34% to 37% of advanced-stage Hodgkin lymphomas (HLs) either relapse or progress. Our goal in our study was to show the relationship between initial lymphocyte count and stage while examining their effects on prognosis. The initial lymphocyte count, which is proven in advanced-stage patients, could be an important factor in terms of showing the prognosis in the early stage. \u0000Materials and Methods: Our study included 190 patients diagnosed with HL in our hospital between January 2010 and September 2020. HL subtypes, diagnosis stages, presence of bulky or mediastinal masses, lymphadenopathy areas, and demographic data of patients, such as age and sex. The aim was to obtain a cutoff in the statistical analysis performed to explore the relationship between lymphocyte level and stage, which is the main hypothesis of the study. \u0000Results: Of the 190 patients evaluated, 77 were female (40.5%) and 113 were male (59.5%). To obtain a cutoff in terms of lymphocyte level and stage relationship, a value of 2380/mm3 and below was found to be associated with stage 3-4 disease with a sensitivity of 86.44% and a specificity of 33.3% (AUC: 0.613 (0.539-0.682), p<0.007). \u0000Conclusion: This result can be improved in combination with conventional imaging methods used for staging purposes. Further studies may shed light on staging and especially the diagnosis of advanced-stage disease with high sensitivity.","PeriodicalId":38991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research","volume":"7 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139609580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: COVID-19 usually complicates respiratory failure; microvascular, macrovascular, and renal complications are common. Both micro and macrovascular complications are associated with multi-organ dysfunction and in-hospital mortality. Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) causes microvascular thromboses associated with organ failure, including acute kidney injury (AKI). Materials and Methods: This Retrospective Cohort study included 100 COVID-19 patients with thrombocytopenia, followed up in a university hospital’s intensive care unit (ICU). The primary endpoints were in-hospital mortality or discharge from the hospital and assessing the occurrence of TMA and AKI during the hospitalization. The effect of thrombotic microangiopathy and acute kidney injury on mortality was investigated using logistic regression models in Stata software version 12.1. Results: The TMA and AKI were associated with in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients presenting with thrombocytopenia in multivariate regression analysis, adjusted for other variables. The effect of AKI on mortality was obtained (adjusted OR 4.09, 95% CI: 1.33–12.53, p = 0.01). Moreover, the odds of mortality due to TMA were ten-fold higher in the patients who had TMA than those who did not (adjusted OR 10.26, 95% CI: 1.26–83.76, p = 0.03). Conclusion: We outlined TMA in COVID-19 patients, which could be responsible for kidney injury and mortality in critically COVID-19 patients.
{"title":"Thrombocytopenia Secondary to COVID-19: Outcomes Analysis in Terms of Thrombotic Microangiopathy, Acute Kidney Injury, and Mortality","authors":"Bahareh Gheiasi, F. Taghinezhad, Darshik Kumar Patel, Ebrahim Salimi, Mashallah Babashahi, Aliashraf Mozafari","doi":"10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i1.14740","url":null,"abstract":"Background: COVID-19 usually complicates respiratory failure; microvascular, macrovascular, and renal complications are common. Both micro and macrovascular complications are associated with multi-organ dysfunction and in-hospital mortality. Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) causes microvascular thromboses associated with organ failure, including acute kidney injury (AKI). \u0000Materials and Methods: This Retrospective Cohort study included 100 COVID-19 patients with thrombocytopenia, followed up in a university hospital’s intensive care unit (ICU). The primary endpoints were in-hospital mortality or discharge from the hospital and assessing the occurrence of TMA and AKI during the hospitalization. The effect of thrombotic microangiopathy and acute kidney injury on mortality was investigated using logistic regression models in Stata software version 12.1. \u0000Results: The TMA and AKI were associated with in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients presenting with thrombocytopenia in multivariate regression analysis, adjusted for other variables. The effect of AKI on mortality was obtained (adjusted OR 4.09, 95% CI: 1.33–12.53, p = 0.01). Moreover, the odds of mortality due to TMA were ten-fold higher in the patients who had TMA than those who did not (adjusted OR 10.26, 95% CI: 1.26–83.76, p = 0.03). \u0000Conclusion: We outlined TMA in COVID-19 patients, which could be responsible for kidney injury and mortality in critically COVID-19 patients.","PeriodicalId":38991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research","volume":"3 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139610248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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