{"title":"Evaluating the Effectiveness of Mother's Education in Terms of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Regarding Pubertal Awareness among School-going Prepubertal Girls","authors":"Mariyadhas Irina Jishala, Pavithra Kannan, Krishnaveni Kandasamy, S. Rajagopal, Sambathkumar Ramanathan","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1181","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38998,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infertility and Fetal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47384535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1186
S. Agrawal, K. Aggarwal, Manvi Dua, Juhi Agarwal
Background: Severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a serious complication of controlled ovarian stimulation which requires a multipronged management to achieve a favorable outcome. Case description: A 24-year-old infertile lady with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) presented with the complaints of vomiting, abdominal pain, and abdominal distension following ovulation induction with follicular-stimulating hormone. Ultrasound suggested bilateral enlarged ovaries with moderate free fluid in the Pouch of Douglas. A diagnosis of OHSS was made, and oral cabergoline with prophylactic anticoagulation was initiated along with supportive management. However, the patient continued to deteriorate and was shifted to intensive care unit and started on human albumin infusion. Despite all measures, the patient developed tachypnea with tense ascites and oliguria which necessitated ultrasound-guided abdominal paracentesis twice. The patient started improving following paracentesis, was diagnosed to have quadruplet pregnancy, and discharged in stable condition. Two of four embryos did not thrive, and eventually, the patient delivered two healthy babies by cesarean section. Conclusion: Management of severe OHSS requires multimodality treatment. Surgical intervention in the form of paracentesis should be strongly considered in patients with tense ascites, leading to respiratory compromise and oliguria, which is refractory to medical management. Clinical significance: The case report highlights the need for extreme caution during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in patients with PCOS. The case also aims to guide in the management of a case of severe OHSS, which may require a combination of therapies including paracentesis for a favorable outcome.
{"title":"Severe Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome in a Patient of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Necessitating Paracentesis, with Successful Pregnancy Outcome: A Case Report","authors":"S. Agrawal, K. Aggarwal, Manvi Dua, Juhi Agarwal","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1186","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a serious complication of controlled ovarian stimulation which requires a multipronged management to achieve a favorable outcome. Case description: A 24-year-old infertile lady with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) presented with the complaints of vomiting, abdominal pain, and abdominal distension following ovulation induction with follicular-stimulating hormone. Ultrasound suggested bilateral enlarged ovaries with moderate free fluid in the Pouch of Douglas. A diagnosis of OHSS was made, and oral cabergoline with prophylactic anticoagulation was initiated along with supportive management. However, the patient continued to deteriorate and was shifted to intensive care unit and started on human albumin infusion. Despite all measures, the patient developed tachypnea with tense ascites and oliguria which necessitated ultrasound-guided abdominal paracentesis twice. The patient started improving following paracentesis, was diagnosed to have quadruplet pregnancy, and discharged in stable condition. Two of four embryos did not thrive, and eventually, the patient delivered two healthy babies by cesarean section. Conclusion: Management of severe OHSS requires multimodality treatment. Surgical intervention in the form of paracentesis should be strongly considered in patients with tense ascites, leading to respiratory compromise and oliguria, which is refractory to medical management. Clinical significance: The case report highlights the need for extreme caution during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in patients with PCOS. The case also aims to guide in the management of a case of severe OHSS, which may require a combination of therapies including paracentesis for a favorable outcome.","PeriodicalId":38998,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infertility and Fetal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48449026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1177
T. Kitova, A. Bailey
Ab s t r Ac t Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the role of inbreeding in occurrence of lethal congenital hydrocephalus (LCH) and congenital abnormalities associated with it. Materials and methods: There was an examination of 182 fetuses born with LCH, out of which 69 were diagnosed with isolated and 113 fetuses were diagnosed with associated hydrocephalus resulting in 38% and 62% occurrences, respectively. All the fetuses were the result of spontaneous abortions, stillbirths, neonatal deaths and the pregnancy terminations due to medical reasons. The fetal autopsy was performed immediately after the fetal expulsion. The brain examination was performed after being preserved in 10% formalin solution for the period of 6 months. Measurements were taken on the ventricles in their central parts. Ventricles with the enlargements over 10 mm were determined as hydrocephalus and severe ventriculomegaly if the ventricular dimensions were over 15 mm. Results: Lethal congenital hydrocephalus associated with were the presence of previous pregnancies with inbreeding and malformations [OR = 7.309 CI 95% (1.806–29.584)]; the maternal age over 40 and the third-degree inbreeding in fetus [OR = 18.500 CI 95% (1.410–638.150)]; agenesis of the corpus callosum in fetuses born from mothers in close relative marriages [OR = 30.000 CI 95% (1.410–638.150)]; aqueductal stenosis [OR = 9.867 CI 95% (1.328–73.296)]; skeletal dysplasia [OR = 6.727 CI 95% (1.203–37.609)]; and Dandy–Walker syndrome [OR = 6.250 CI 95% (0.803–48.671)]. Conclusion: The obtained results unambiguously prove the importance and significance of inbreeding as a risk factor of LCH appearance and its increase in association with other risk factors which should be taken into consideration when observing such pregnancies. Clinical significance: Lethal congenital hydrocephalus is the result of a significant number of risk factors and is often associated with other malformations. Currently, prenatal ultrasound is able to visualize ventriculomegaly. It is important to gather information about the previous pregnancies and the type of marriage among close relatives. In case of ventriculomegaly it is imperative to carry out MRI and genetic testing that can provide additional information. In the case of medical abortion, stillbirth or neonatal death, a fetopathological study must be carried out which enriches our knowledge of malformations, complements and directs the ultrasound examination, modifies genetic counseling and determines the behavior to be followed when taking responsibility for a new, subsequent pregnancy.
Ab s t r Ac t目的：本研究旨在确定近亲繁殖在致命性先天性脑积水（LCH）及其相关先天性异常发生中的作用。材料和方法：对182例出生时患有LCH的胎儿进行检查，其中69例诊断为孤立性脑积水，113例诊断为相关脑积水，分别占38%和62%。所有胎儿都是自然流产、死产、新生儿死亡和因医疗原因终止妊娠的结果。在胎儿排出体外后立即进行胎儿尸检。在10%福尔马林溶液中保存6个月后进行脑部检查。对心室的中心部位进行了测量。如果心室尺寸超过15mm，扩大超过10mm的心室被确定为脑积水和严重的心室肥大。结果：与之相关的致命性先天性脑积水是指既往妊娠中存在近亲繁殖和畸形[OR=7.309 CI 95%（1.806–29.584）]；母亲年龄超过40岁，胎儿三级近亲繁殖[OR=18.500 CI 95%（1.410–638.150）]；近亲婚姻母亲所生胎儿的胼胝体发育不全[OR=30.000 CI 95%（1.410–638.150）]；导水管狭窄[OR=9.867 CI 95%（1.328–73.296）]；骨骼发育不良[OR=6.727 CI 95%（1.203–37.609）]；和Dandy–Walker综合征[OR=6.250 CI 95%（0.803–48.671）]。临床意义：致命性先天性脑积水是多种危险因素共同作用的结果，通常与其他畸形有关。目前，产前超声能够显示心室肥大。重要的是要收集有关以前怀孕和近亲结婚类型的信息。在心室肥大的情况下，必须进行MRI和基因检测，以提供更多信息。在药物流产、死产或新生儿死亡的情况下，必须进行胎儿病理学研究，以丰富我们对畸形的了解，补充和指导超声检查，修改基因咨询，并确定在承担新的后续妊娠责任时应遵循的行为。
{"title":"Inbreeding as a Cause of Congenital Hydrocephalus","authors":"T. Kitova, A. Bailey","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1177","url":null,"abstract":"Ab s t r Ac t Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the role of inbreeding in occurrence of lethal congenital hydrocephalus (LCH) and congenital abnormalities associated with it. Materials and methods: There was an examination of 182 fetuses born with LCH, out of which 69 were diagnosed with isolated and 113 fetuses were diagnosed with associated hydrocephalus resulting in 38% and 62% occurrences, respectively. All the fetuses were the result of spontaneous abortions, stillbirths, neonatal deaths and the pregnancy terminations due to medical reasons. The fetal autopsy was performed immediately after the fetal expulsion. The brain examination was performed after being preserved in 10% formalin solution for the period of 6 months. Measurements were taken on the ventricles in their central parts. Ventricles with the enlargements over 10 mm were determined as hydrocephalus and severe ventriculomegaly if the ventricular dimensions were over 15 mm. Results: Lethal congenital hydrocephalus associated with were the presence of previous pregnancies with inbreeding and malformations [OR = 7.309 CI 95% (1.806–29.584)]; the maternal age over 40 and the third-degree inbreeding in fetus [OR = 18.500 CI 95% (1.410–638.150)]; agenesis of the corpus callosum in fetuses born from mothers in close relative marriages [OR = 30.000 CI 95% (1.410–638.150)]; aqueductal stenosis [OR = 9.867 CI 95% (1.328–73.296)]; skeletal dysplasia [OR = 6.727 CI 95% (1.203–37.609)]; and Dandy–Walker syndrome [OR = 6.250 CI 95% (0.803–48.671)]. Conclusion: The obtained results unambiguously prove the importance and significance of inbreeding as a risk factor of LCH appearance and its increase in association with other risk factors which should be taken into consideration when observing such pregnancies. Clinical significance: Lethal congenital hydrocephalus is the result of a significant number of risk factors and is often associated with other malformations. Currently, prenatal ultrasound is able to visualize ventriculomegaly. It is important to gather information about the previous pregnancies and the type of marriage among close relatives. In case of ventriculomegaly it is imperative to carry out MRI and genetic testing that can provide additional information. In the case of medical abortion, stillbirth or neonatal death, a fetopathological study must be carried out which enriches our knowledge of malformations, complements and directs the ultrasound examination, modifies genetic counseling and determines the behavior to be followed when taking responsibility for a new, subsequent pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":38998,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infertility and Fetal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49188315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1178
M. Puri, Anuradha Singh, Gyaneshowari Leishram
Ab s t r Ac t Aim: To compare rates of follicular rupture after human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) trigger with after spontaneous leutinizing hormone (LH) surge in women undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) and intrauterine insemination (IUI). To observe any findings suggestive of premature LH surge in hCG triggered cycles and compare the pregnancy rates in the two groups. Materials and methods: A total of thirty-three women with unexplained infertility were enrolled. Women were subjected to COS with injection follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) 75IU I/M for 5 days. A total of 100 cycles were studied. The cycles were divided in to two groups. In group I, ultrasound monitoring was done from day 8 till follicle size of 18 mm followed by trigger with injection hCG 5,000 IU followed by IUI after 36–48 hours of injection hCG. Group II cycles were followed with ultrasound till follicle size 14 mm and urinary LH surge test was done till it turned positive. Ultrasound was done after 24 hours of positive test and then IUI. The two groups were compared about the proportion of cycles with documented rupture of follicle. The pregnancy rates and presence of features suggestive of premature luteinization in hCG triggered cycles were studied . Results: The mean time of follicular rupture was 43 ± 8.32 hours in group I from hCG trigger and 27.77 ± 8.69 hours in group II from positive LH surge. The difference between number of cycles with documented follicular rupture and mean day of IUI was not significant in the two groups (95.35% vs 85.58%). The pregnancy rate was higher in group II than group I (11.6% vs 7.3%) but the difference was not significant statistically. Conclusion: Adequately powered studies are required to support the preference of endogenous LH surge to exogenous LH surge (hCG trigger) for timing of IUI. Clinical significance: To compare exogenous LH surge (hCG trigger) with endogenous LH surge to for timing of IUI in unexplained infertility.
Ab s t r Ac t目的：比较在接受控制性卵巢刺激（COS）和宫内受精（IUI）的妇女中，人绒毛膜促性腺激素（hCG）触发和自发白细胞生成激素（LH）激增后卵泡破裂的发生率。观察任何提示hCG触发周期中LH过早激增的发现，并比较两组的妊娠率。材料和方法：共有33名不明原因不孕的妇女被纳入研究。女性接受COS，注射卵泡刺激素（FSH）75IU I/M，为期5天。总共研究了100个循环。周期分为两组。在I组中，从第8天开始进行超声监测，直到卵泡大小达到18毫米，然后注射hCG 5000 IU，然后在注射hCG 36-48小时后进行IUI。第二组周期采用超声检查，直到卵泡大小为14mm，并进行尿LH激增试验，直到结果呈阳性。在检测呈阳性24小时后进行超声检查，然后进行宫内节育器检查。比较两组卵泡破裂的周期比例。研究了hCG触发周期中的妊娠率和是否存在提示过早黄体生成的特征。结果：hCG触发后I组卵泡破裂的平均时间为43±8.32小时，LH阳性后II组卵泡破裂时间为27.77±8.69小时。两组记录的卵泡破裂周期数和IUI平均天数之间的差异不显著（95.35%对85.58%）。II组的妊娠率高于I组（11.6%对7.3%），但差异无统计学意义。结论：需要充分的研究来支持内源性LH激增相对于外源性LH激增（hCG触发）对IUI时机的偏好。临床意义：比较外源性LH激增（hCG触发）和内源性LH激增对不明原因不孕患者IUI时机的影响。
{"title":"To Compare the Exogenous Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Trigger with Endogenous Leutinizing Hormone Surge in Ultrasound Monitored Cycles for Timing of Intrauterine Insemination in Women with Unexplained Infertility","authors":"M. Puri, Anuradha Singh, Gyaneshowari Leishram","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1178","url":null,"abstract":"Ab s t r Ac t Aim: To compare rates of follicular rupture after human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) trigger with after spontaneous leutinizing hormone (LH) surge in women undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) and intrauterine insemination (IUI). To observe any findings suggestive of premature LH surge in hCG triggered cycles and compare the pregnancy rates in the two groups. Materials and methods: A total of thirty-three women with unexplained infertility were enrolled. Women were subjected to COS with injection follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) 75IU I/M for 5 days. A total of 100 cycles were studied. The cycles were divided in to two groups. In group I, ultrasound monitoring was done from day 8 till follicle size of 18 mm followed by trigger with injection hCG 5,000 IU followed by IUI after 36–48 hours of injection hCG. Group II cycles were followed with ultrasound till follicle size 14 mm and urinary LH surge test was done till it turned positive. Ultrasound was done after 24 hours of positive test and then IUI. The two groups were compared about the proportion of cycles with documented rupture of follicle. The pregnancy rates and presence of features suggestive of premature luteinization in hCG triggered cycles were studied . Results: The mean time of follicular rupture was 43 ± 8.32 hours in group I from hCG trigger and 27.77 ± 8.69 hours in group II from positive LH surge. The difference between number of cycles with documented follicular rupture and mean day of IUI was not significant in the two groups (95.35% vs 85.58%). The pregnancy rate was higher in group II than group I (11.6% vs 7.3%) but the difference was not significant statistically. Conclusion: Adequately powered studies are required to support the preference of endogenous LH surge to exogenous LH surge (hCG trigger) for timing of IUI. Clinical significance: To compare exogenous LH surge (hCG trigger) with endogenous LH surge to for timing of IUI in unexplained infertility.","PeriodicalId":38998,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infertility and Fetal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47109047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1175
Chaitrali G Golatker, Santrupti P Katti, N. Kedar, Skandhan P Kalanghot, Sukumar N Nandigoudar, S. B. Prasad
Ab s t r Ac t Introduction: Infertility is an alarming issue in medical practice. This retrospective study is aimed to find out male infertility rate in this area, Belagavi, India. Materials and methods: Case records (2010–2017) on semen examination carried out in Sristi Fertility Centre of KAHER’s Ayurveda Hospital and Medical Research Centre were evaluated on established standard basis. Results: The total number of case records was 627. Among them 62% were infertile. Majority of infertile men were with oligozoospermia (31.41%). Conclusion: This retrospective study invites serious attention of health authorities on this aspect.
{"title":"Male Infertility Rate in Belagavi, Karnataka, India","authors":"Chaitrali G Golatker, Santrupti P Katti, N. Kedar, Skandhan P Kalanghot, Sukumar N Nandigoudar, S. B. Prasad","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1175","url":null,"abstract":"Ab s t r Ac t Introduction: Infertility is an alarming issue in medical practice. This retrospective study is aimed to find out male infertility rate in this area, Belagavi, India. Materials and methods: Case records (2010–2017) on semen examination carried out in Sristi Fertility Centre of KAHER’s Ayurveda Hospital and Medical Research Centre were evaluated on established standard basis. Results: The total number of case records was 627. Among them 62% were infertile. Majority of infertile men were with oligozoospermia (31.41%). Conclusion: This retrospective study invites serious attention of health authorities on this aspect.","PeriodicalId":38998,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infertility and Fetal Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43793279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1179
Anamika Singh, M. Waikar
Coarctation of the umbilical cord is featured as segmental or diffused absence of Wharton’s jelly, resulting in the constriction of cord and narrowing of vessels. It can develop at any gestational age and is unrelated to parity. The stricture of the cord is usually associated with torsion and characterized by fibrosis of Wharton’s jelly and thickening of the vessel walls, which hampers the fetoplacental circulation, resulting in hypoxia/anoxia and subsequently fetal demise. Although this event must be noticed frequently in practice, it is often not reported by the obstetricians because examination of the umbilical cord is not performed in all cases of unexplained stillbirth.
{"title":"Coarctation of Cord: An Unidentified Cause of Fetal Demise","authors":"Anamika Singh, M. Waikar","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1179","url":null,"abstract":"Coarctation of the umbilical cord is featured as segmental or diffused absence of Wharton’s jelly, resulting in the constriction of cord and narrowing of vessels. It can develop at any gestational age and is unrelated to parity. The stricture of the cord is usually associated with torsion and characterized by fibrosis of Wharton’s jelly and thickening of the vessel walls, which hampers the fetoplacental circulation, resulting in hypoxia/anoxia and subsequently fetal demise. Although this event must be noticed frequently in practice, it is often not reported by the obstetricians because examination of the umbilical cord is not performed in all cases of unexplained stillbirth.","PeriodicalId":38998,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infertility and Fetal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48913204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1169
N. Palshetkar, H. Pai, D. Talreja
Reproductive aging plays a very important role in female fertility. The age-related decline in fertility can be attributed to a decrease in number as well as poor quality of oocytes. The trend to delay childbearing confronts women with difficulty in conception. Oocyte freezing at a younger age provides an option to freeze the eggs before the biological clocks start ticking. It allows women to freeze their eggs at the peak of fertility and create embryos at the later stage when they find a suitable partner or when they are ready to pursue the family. Introduction of new “vitrification” technique has made the success rates for actual conception more reliable than the earlier method of slow freezing. Due to improved results with the vitrification technique, and various studies reporting improved pregnancy rates, oocyte freezing is now no longer considered to be experimental. Oocyte freezing with egg banking has now wider application in fertility services.
{"title":"Social Oocyte Freezing: A Boon for Aging Females","authors":"N. Palshetkar, H. Pai, D. Talreja","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1169","url":null,"abstract":"Reproductive aging plays a very important role in female fertility. The age-related decline in fertility can be attributed to a decrease in number as well as poor quality of oocytes. The trend to delay childbearing confronts women with difficulty in conception. Oocyte freezing at a younger age provides an option to freeze the eggs before the biological clocks start ticking. It allows women to freeze their eggs at the peak of fertility and create embryos at the later stage when they find a suitable partner or when they are ready to pursue the family. Introduction of new “vitrification” technique has made the success rates for actual conception more reliable than the earlier method of slow freezing. Due to improved results with the vitrification technique, and various studies reporting improved pregnancy rates, oocyte freezing is now no longer considered to be experimental. Oocyte freezing with egg banking has now wider application in fertility services.","PeriodicalId":38998,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infertility and Fetal Medicine","volume":"167 1","pages":"41-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85418584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1171
A. Tilak, Balaji Ommurugan, V. Rao, K. Bairy
Introduction: An imbalance between the oxidative system and the antioxidant defense system leads to stress. So the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of vitamin C and atorvastatin on fertility in male rats subjected to experimental stress using the forced swimming stress model. Materials and methods: Thirty adult male albino rats weighing 200–250 g and aged 10–12 weeks were used. Institutional Animal Ethics Committee approval was obtained. Rats were exposed to forced swimming stress daily and drugs were orally administered 30 minutes prior to the stress for a total of 15 days once daily. Group I: the nonstress group with distilled water (negative control); group II: positive control (only stress) plus distilled water; group III: stress + vitamin C (20 mg/kg/day); group IV: stress + atorvastatin (2 mg/kg/day); group V: stress + vitamin C (20 mg/kg/day) + atorvastatin (2 mg/kg/day). On the 16th day, the effect of drugs in stressed rats on body weight, testicular and epididymis weight, testicular index, sperm count, and motility was assessed. Results: In stressed rats, sperm count, motility, testicular weight, epididymis weight, and testicular index were significantly reduced when compared with the control group. Groups III, IV, and V showed a significant increase ( p < 0.001) in all five parameters when compared with the stress group. Conclusion: The results suggest that vitamin C and atorvastatin significantly protected the harmful effect of stress on sperms. Clinical significance: The pleiotropic antioxidant effect of statins is proven by this study and clinical trials can be done to evaluate the role of atorvastatin in treating male infertility.
{"title":"Effect of Vitamin C and Atorvastatin on Male Fertility in Rats Subjected to Forced Swimming Stress","authors":"A. Tilak, Balaji Ommurugan, V. Rao, K. Bairy","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1171","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: An imbalance between the oxidative system and the antioxidant defense system leads to stress. So the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of vitamin C and atorvastatin on fertility in male rats subjected to experimental stress using the forced swimming stress model. Materials and methods: Thirty adult male albino rats weighing 200–250 g and aged 10–12 weeks were used. Institutional Animal Ethics Committee approval was obtained. Rats were exposed to forced swimming stress daily and drugs were orally administered 30 minutes prior to the stress for a total of 15 days once daily. Group I: the nonstress group with distilled water (negative control); group II: positive control (only stress) plus distilled water; group III: stress + vitamin C (20 mg/kg/day); group IV: stress + atorvastatin (2 mg/kg/day); group V: stress + vitamin C (20 mg/kg/day) + atorvastatin (2 mg/kg/day). On the 16th day, the effect of drugs in stressed rats on body weight, testicular and epididymis weight, testicular index, sperm count, and motility was assessed. Results: In stressed rats, sperm count, motility, testicular weight, epididymis weight, and testicular index were significantly reduced when compared with the control group. Groups III, IV, and V showed a significant increase ( p < 0.001) in all five parameters when compared with the stress group. Conclusion: The results suggest that vitamin C and atorvastatin significantly protected the harmful effect of stress on sperms. Clinical significance: The pleiotropic antioxidant effect of statins is proven by this study and clinical trials can be done to evaluate the role of atorvastatin in treating male infertility.","PeriodicalId":38998,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infertility and Fetal Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"27-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76266952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1172
M. Jaffar, S. Andrabi, Sml Prakash Babu, S. Subramani
Objective: To determine whether weight loss in obese men improves reproductive hormones. Design: Prospective interventional study. Patients: Intervention(s): Diet counseling and exercise. Materials and methods: Obese men aged 25–40 years (mean age = 32.5 ± 7.5) with BMI more than 25 kg/m 2 were recruited for the study. The subjects underwent a weight loss intervention and were followed up for 1-year post intervention. Their semen parameters were checked before and after weight loss. Main outcome measures: Collected reproductive parameters included testosterone (T), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) serum hormonal values. A paired t test was done to evaluate differences across the before and after groups. Chi-square/Fisher exact test was used to find the significance of study parameters on a categorical scale between two or more groups. Results: The mean BMI was significantly higher before weight loss (33.2) than after weight loss (30.4) in obese men. The weight loss increased the T to 35.40 ± 20.51 ng/mL compared with 27.16 ± 20.71 ng/mL, and SHBG to 23.72 ± 9.01 µg/dL compared with 19.18 ± 10.44 µg/dL, whereas FSH and LH were nonsignificant. Conclusion: The study showed that a high BMI at the baseline was associated with low values of serum T and SHBG. FSH and LH were considerably low in morbidly obese men before weight loss. Weight loss was associated with an increase in serum T and SHBG. FSH and LH were not statistically significant after weight loss except in morbidly obese men who showed clear aromatization influence. The hormonal profile among obese men evaluated in this study was characterized by abnormalities in the sex hormones, and weight loss improved some of the hormone levels; however, they were not normalized.
{"title":"Impact of Weight Loss on Reproductive Hormones in Obese Men","authors":"M. Jaffar, S. Andrabi, Sml Prakash Babu, S. Subramani","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1172","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine whether weight loss in obese men improves reproductive hormones. Design: Prospective interventional study. Patients: Intervention(s): Diet counseling and exercise. Materials and methods: Obese men aged 25–40 years (mean age = 32.5 ± 7.5) with BMI more than 25 kg/m 2 were recruited for the study. The subjects underwent a weight loss intervention and were followed up for 1-year post intervention. Their semen parameters were checked before and after weight loss. Main outcome measures: Collected reproductive parameters included testosterone (T), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) serum hormonal values. A paired t test was done to evaluate differences across the before and after groups. Chi-square/Fisher exact test was used to find the significance of study parameters on a categorical scale between two or more groups. Results: The mean BMI was significantly higher before weight loss (33.2) than after weight loss (30.4) in obese men. The weight loss increased the T to 35.40 ± 20.51 ng/mL compared with 27.16 ± 20.71 ng/mL, and SHBG to 23.72 ± 9.01 µg/dL compared with 19.18 ± 10.44 µg/dL, whereas FSH and LH were nonsignificant. Conclusion: The study showed that a high BMI at the baseline was associated with low values of serum T and SHBG. FSH and LH were considerably low in morbidly obese men before weight loss. Weight loss was associated with an increase in serum T and SHBG. FSH and LH were not statistically significant after weight loss except in morbidly obese men who showed clear aromatization influence. The hormonal profile among obese men evaluated in this study was characterized by abnormalities in the sex hormones, and weight loss improved some of the hormone levels; however, they were not normalized.","PeriodicalId":38998,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infertility and Fetal Medicine","volume":"17 1","pages":"32-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87673849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1173
Shubhadeep Bhattacharjee
Ab s t r Ac t Objective: To determine the optimal time interval between performing laparoscopic tubal ligation for hydrosalpinges and an intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer (ICSI-ET) treatment cycle. Design: A retrospective cohort study. Setting: Private infertility clinic. Patients and methods: The study group included 69 infertile women who had laparoscopic tubal ligation for hydrosalpinges. Forty-one patients (group A) had an ICSI-ET cycle <10 weeks after laparoscopic tubal surgery, 20 patients (group B) had an ICSI-ET cycle 10 and 16 weeks after surgery, and 20 patients (group C) had an ICSI-ET cycle >16 weeks after surgery. Intervention: Laparoscopic tubal ligation and ICSI-ET. Main outcome measure(s): Pregnancy rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and implantation rate. Results: Pregnancy rates were 39%, 50%, and 50%, clinical pregnancy rates were 31.7%, 45%, and 50%, and implantation rates were 14.8%, 21.5%, and 18% for groups A, B, and C, respectively. Conclusion: Although the reduction in pregnancy rate, clinical pregnancy rate and implantation rate in group A, as compared with groups B and C, did not reach statistical significance, our results suggest that ICSI-ET treatment cycles be postponed for at least 10 weeks after laparoscopic tubal ligation for hydrosalpinx. A larger prospectively randomized study should be conducted to confirm the minimum delay period required for endometrial receptivity to recover.
{"title":"Optimal Time Interval between Laparoscopic Tubal Ligation for Hydrosalpinges and ICSI-ET","authors":"Shubhadeep Bhattacharjee","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1173","url":null,"abstract":"Ab s t r Ac t Objective: To determine the optimal time interval between performing laparoscopic tubal ligation for hydrosalpinges and an intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer (ICSI-ET) treatment cycle. Design: A retrospective cohort study. Setting: Private infertility clinic. Patients and methods: The study group included 69 infertile women who had laparoscopic tubal ligation for hydrosalpinges. Forty-one patients (group A) had an ICSI-ET cycle <10 weeks after laparoscopic tubal surgery, 20 patients (group B) had an ICSI-ET cycle 10 and 16 weeks after surgery, and 20 patients (group C) had an ICSI-ET cycle >16 weeks after surgery. Intervention: Laparoscopic tubal ligation and ICSI-ET. Main outcome measure(s): Pregnancy rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and implantation rate. Results: Pregnancy rates were 39%, 50%, and 50%, clinical pregnancy rates were 31.7%, 45%, and 50%, and implantation rates were 14.8%, 21.5%, and 18% for groups A, B, and C, respectively. Conclusion: Although the reduction in pregnancy rate, clinical pregnancy rate and implantation rate in group A, as compared with groups B and C, did not reach statistical significance, our results suggest that ICSI-ET treatment cycles be postponed for at least 10 weeks after laparoscopic tubal ligation for hydrosalpinx. A larger prospectively randomized study should be conducted to confirm the minimum delay period required for endometrial receptivity to recover.","PeriodicalId":38998,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infertility and Fetal Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"37-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82585985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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