Pub Date : 2019-06-25DOI: 10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-12
Madzlan Aziz, Nur Fatihah Tajul Arifin, Woei-Jye Lau
Polyethersulfone (PES)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) membrane was prepared by phase inversion method for water treatment. Graphene oxide (GO) was obtained via modified Hummer’s method and reduced to rGO where NaBH4 was chosen as a reducing agent. FTIR was used to investigate functional groups left on rGO after reduction process. The FTIR peak at 1718 cm, attributed to the carbonyl (C=O) group, was absent after GO was reduced. Interlayer spacing of GO and rGO were obtained using XRD. It was found that the interlayer spacing of GO was reduced from 7.87 to 3.68 Å after reduction process due to the removal of some of the functional groups from the material. The membrane cross section showed that addition rGO increase the length of finger-like pores as compared to neat PES when it is observed under SEM. It was observed that the membrane hydrophilicity is enhanced as the contact angle of PES reduced from 69.70 to 32.99 when rGO 24 hours was introduced into the polymer matrix. The highest pure water flux obtained was 174.29 L/mh. The membranes showed significant enhancement when rGO was used in the polymer matrix. Keyword: polyethersulfone, phase inversion method, modified Hummer’s method, reduced graphene oxide Abstrak Membran polietersufon (PES)/grafin oksida terturun (rGO) telah dihasilkan melalui kaedah fasa terbalik untuk rawatan air. Grafin oksida (GO) dihasilkan menerusi kaedah Hummer terubahsuai dan diturunkan kepada rGO menggunakan NaBH4 sebagai ejen penurunan. FTIR digunakan untuk menyiasat kumpulan berfungsi yang hadir pada rGO selepas proses penurunan. Puncak FTIR pada 1718 cm yang menunjukkan kumpulan karbonil (C=O) tidak hadir selepas GO terturun. Jarak antara lapisan GO dan rGO telah dikaji menggunakan XRD. Didapati jarak antara lapisan GO berkurang daripada 7.87 Å ke 3.68 Å selepas proses penurunan kerana sebilangan kumpulan berfungsi telah terkeluar dari bahan. Keratan rentas membran menunjukkan bahawa penambahan rGO meningkatkan panjang liang seperti jejari berbanding PES asli apabila dilihat menggunakan SEM. Didapati bahawa sifat hidrofilik membran telah dipertingkatkan kerana sudut sentuh air PES telah berkurang dari 69.70 kepada 32.99 apabila rGO 24 jam ditambah ke dalam matriks polimer. Bacaan fluks air tulen tertinggi ialah 174.29 L/mh. Membran menunjukkan perubahan ketara apabila rGO digunakan di dalam matriks polimer. Kata kunci: polietersulfon, kaedah fasa terbalik, kaedah Hummer terubahsuai, grafin oksida terturun ISSN
{"title":"PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF IMPROVED HYDROPHILIC POLYETHERSULFONE/REDUCED GRAPHENE OXIDE MEMBRANE","authors":"Madzlan Aziz, Nur Fatihah Tajul Arifin, Woei-Jye Lau","doi":"10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-12","url":null,"abstract":"Polyethersulfone (PES)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) membrane was prepared by phase inversion method for water treatment. Graphene oxide (GO) was obtained via modified Hummer’s method and reduced to rGO where NaBH4 was chosen as a reducing agent. FTIR was used to investigate functional groups left on rGO after reduction process. The FTIR peak at 1718 cm, attributed to the carbonyl (C=O) group, was absent after GO was reduced. Interlayer spacing of GO and rGO were obtained using XRD. It was found that the interlayer spacing of GO was reduced from 7.87 to 3.68 Å after reduction process due to the removal of some of the functional groups from the material. The membrane cross section showed that addition rGO increase the length of finger-like pores as compared to neat PES when it is observed under SEM. It was observed that the membrane hydrophilicity is enhanced as the contact angle of PES reduced from 69.70 to 32.99 when rGO 24 hours was introduced into the polymer matrix. The highest pure water flux obtained was 174.29 L/mh. The membranes showed significant enhancement when rGO was used in the polymer matrix. Keyword: polyethersulfone, phase inversion method, modified Hummer’s method, reduced graphene oxide Abstrak Membran polietersufon (PES)/grafin oksida terturun (rGO) telah dihasilkan melalui kaedah fasa terbalik untuk rawatan air. Grafin oksida (GO) dihasilkan menerusi kaedah Hummer terubahsuai dan diturunkan kepada rGO menggunakan NaBH4 sebagai ejen penurunan. FTIR digunakan untuk menyiasat kumpulan berfungsi yang hadir pada rGO selepas proses penurunan. Puncak FTIR pada 1718 cm yang menunjukkan kumpulan karbonil (C=O) tidak hadir selepas GO terturun. Jarak antara lapisan GO dan rGO telah dikaji menggunakan XRD. Didapati jarak antara lapisan GO berkurang daripada 7.87 Å ke 3.68 Å selepas proses penurunan kerana sebilangan kumpulan berfungsi telah terkeluar dari bahan. Keratan rentas membran menunjukkan bahawa penambahan rGO meningkatkan panjang liang seperti jejari berbanding PES asli apabila dilihat menggunakan SEM. Didapati bahawa sifat hidrofilik membran telah dipertingkatkan kerana sudut sentuh air PES telah berkurang dari 69.70 kepada 32.99 apabila rGO 24 jam ditambah ke dalam matriks polimer. Bacaan fluks air tulen tertinggi ialah 174.29 L/mh. Membran menunjukkan perubahan ketara apabila rGO digunakan di dalam matriks polimer. Kata kunci: polietersulfon, kaedah fasa terbalik, kaedah Hummer terubahsuai, grafin oksida terturun ISSN","PeriodicalId":39007,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47761031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-25DOI: 10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-01
{"title":"Candida rugosa LIPASE IMMOBILIZED ON DIETHYLAMINOETHYL-CELLULOSE (DEAE) FOR ESTERIFICATION OF BUTYL OLEATE","authors":"","doi":"10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39007,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42757448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-25DOI: 10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-04
{"title":"CHEMICAL COMPONENTS OF POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION IN 18S rRNA FOR DETECTION OF Cryptosporidium FROM RIVER WATER SAMPLES","authors":"","doi":"10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39007,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44609126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-25DOI: 10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-14
{"title":"OPTIMIZATION OF HERBAL HEALTH TEA FLAVORED WITH ROASTED RICE GERM (KHAO DAWK MALI 105) USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY","authors":"","doi":"10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39007,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45024806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-25DOI: 10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-11
{"title":"THE USE OF LOW GRADE LIMESTONE IN ACID MINE DRAINAGE TREATMENT","authors":"","doi":"10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39007,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45768232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-25DOI: 10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-18
{"title":"FRACTIONATION OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF Ficus deltoidea VAR. Kunstleri’s LEAVES USING SOLID PHASE EXTRACTION METHOD FOR ANTICANCER ACTIVITY ON DU145 CELL LINE","authors":"","doi":"10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-18","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39007,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43999670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-25DOI: 10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-07
{"title":"NUTRIENT DISTRIBUTION IN THE BESUT RIVER BASIN, TERENGGANU, MALAYSIA (SOUTH CHINA SEA)","authors":"","doi":"10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-07","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39007,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42202035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-25DOI: 10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-03
{"title":"Hydrogel with Thermo-Responsive Behavior for Drug Adsorption and Release","authors":"","doi":"10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39007,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67647155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-25DOI: 10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-13
N. Tan, I. Muhamad
Microwave-assisted aqueous enzymatic extraction (MAAEE) is a promising green technology that is fast, efficient and energy saving. The physicochemical parameters and fatty acids composition of the MAAEE-extracted oil were reportedly quite comparable with those of solvent-extracted oil and control oil, showing no significant differences (p> 0.05) among the extraction methods. However, the oxidative stability of the MAAEE obtained oil was found to be considerably improved in the comparison as evident by the determinations of chemical profile values. Moreover, the microwave-enzymatic adjuvant improved the oil extraction yield as well as the oxidation properties of the oil produced without altering its other quality attributes. The present work compared the quality characteristics of microwave-assisted aqueous enzymatic extracted Elateriospermum tapos seed oil with those of hexane-extracted oil and control oil. Interestingly, MAAEE process has achieved 12% and 16% higher extraction efficiency and concentrated omega-3 fatty acid, respectively compared to non-enzymatic microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). Although resulted in lower yield than hexane-extraction (Soxhlet), MAAEE extracted 24% higher concentrated omega-3 fatty acid with almost 99% removal of anti-nutrient amygdalin within 75 seconds. Hence the study on the interaction of extraction parameters as well as the MAAEE optimization process is sustainably feasible. Keyword: microwave assisted aqueous enzymatic extraction, seed oils, Elateriospermum tapos, amygdalin Abstrak Pengekstrakan enzim berakues yang dibantu dengan gelombang mikro (MAAEE) adalah teknologi hijau yang menjanjikan proses yang pantas, cekap dan penjimatan tenaga. Parameter fizikokimia dan komposisi asid lemak daripada minyak yang diekstrak MAAEE dilaporkan setara berbanding dengan minyak ekstrak-pelarut dan minyak kawalan serta tidak menunjukkan perbezaan ketara (p> 0.05) di antara kaedah pengekstrakan. Walau bagaimanapun, kestabilan oksidatif minyak MAAEE didapati lebih baik dalam perbandingan seperti yang ditunjukkan oleh penentuan nilai-nilai profil kimia. Tambahan pula, adjuvan gelombang mikro-berenzim meningkatkan hasil pengeluaran minyak serta ciri pengoksidaan minyak yang dihasilkan tanpa mengubah sifat-sifat kualiti yang lain. Kajian ini membandingkan ciri-ciri kualiti minyak biji Elateriospermum tapos secara kaedah pengekstrakan enzim berakues-berbantu gelombang mikro dengan minyak ekstrak-pelarut heksana dan minyak kawalan. Menariknya, proses MAAEE telah masing-masing mencapai kecekapan pengekstrakan 12% dan kepekatan asid lemak omega-3 16% lebih tinggi berbanding pengekstrakan berbantu gelombang mikro tanpa berenzim (MAE). Walaupun hasilan lebih rendah daripada pengekstrakan heksana (Soxhlet), MAAEE memperoleh asid lemak omega-3 berkepekatan 24% lebih tinggi dengan hampir 99% penyingkiran amigdalin anti-nutrien dalam 75 saat. Oleh itu, kajian mengenai interaksi parameter pengekstrakan serta proses pengoptimuman MAAE
材料和方法在马来西亚彭亨Kuala Lipis的一个当地农场获得了植物材料Elateriosperum tapos种子（ETS），并由马来西亚普特拉大学生物科学研究所生物多样性部门进行了植物鉴定（标本凭证号SK2782/15）。人工清洗种子并用自来水冲洗，以分离外来物质（灰尘、虚荣的种子和脱粒种子中的稻草）。炮弹被拆除；使用实验室研磨机（MX-898M Panasonic，Malaysia）研磨清洁的种子，并过筛（Retsch-siever，Germany）至所需粒度，然后在-20°C下储存在密封袋中，直到进一步使用。使用红外水分分析仪（FD-620 Kett，Japan）测定种子的水分含量，其为6-7%。试剂来自黑曲霉（东京化学工业）的纤维素酶，来自黑曲霉的果胶酶（1.02U/mg）和来自Sigma-Aldrich的黑曲霉的蛋白酶（≥3单位/mg固体），来自Qrec和Merck，马来西亚的己烷分析和GC级。提取工艺对于索氏提取（SE）工艺，将5g ETS（0.5mm粒径）放入每个套管中，并使用150mL己烷作为溶剂。该过程是通过在加热套上使每个样品回流6小时来进行的。经过一段时间后，使用旋转蒸发器来蒸发溶剂。SE提取产生了《马来西亚分析科学杂志》，第23卷第3期（2019）：488494 DOI:https://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-13490 48.99±0.79%的油，与本研究中的MAAEE相比，设定为100%的油采收率。接下来，将样品收集并保存在-20°C的密封瓶中，以进行进一步分析。对于MAAEE方法，使用国产微波炉系统（Sharp Model R-397J，Malaysia），该系统配备有用于照射时间和照射微波功率（110W、330W、550W、770W和1100W）的数字控制系统，并在2.4GHz下工作。在微波系统中还包括一个模式搅拌台，以在微波加热过程中耗散微波能量，这有助于提取样品均匀加热。随后，精确称量5g研磨的ETS和1.4:1.7:1.4的酶混合物（纤维素：果胶酶：蛋白酶），并将其放入固体与溶剂比例为1:5的250mL烧瓶中（基于初步实验）。随后，根据实验设计（DOE）在以下条件下进行MAAEE提取；110-1100W的辐照功率，30-120s的提取时间，1-5%的酶混合物浓度和0.5-1.5mm的粒度，总共进行了30次实验。提取后，将从MAAEE获得的溶液以10000rpm的速度离心15分钟，并使用微量移液管提取油相。然后对油进行称重，提取产率表示为质量百分比比（提取的油/通过SE法获得的总油，%），这导致在110W微波功率、30s提取时间、1%酶混合物浓度和0.5mm粒径（基于先前的研究）下的最佳油提取产率为46.12±1.48%。接下来，将样品收集并保存在-20°C的密封瓶中，以进行进一步分析。ω-3脂肪酸浓度的鉴定和定量提取的ETS油在注射前转化为脂肪酸甲酯（FAME）。将约1μL样品注入GC（型号Perkin Elmer Auto System XL）中以分析ω-3脂肪酸。它配备了火焰离子化检测器和BPX 90毛细管柱（60 m x 0.25 mm x 0.55μm）。检测器温度和注射器温度编程为250°C。烘箱温度程序设置为初始100°C，然后以20.0°C/分钟至170°C的速度升温1，保持0.00分钟，以10.0°C/分至230°C的温度升温2，保持7分钟，以30°C/min至250°C的时间升温3，保持2分钟。氮气被用作载气。随后，通过将产生的结果与相同条件下的标准品进行比较来识别通过保留时间检测到的峰。由ω-3脂肪酸（α-亚麻酸）标准品（Sigma-Aldrich，德国）制备了不同浓度（1002003004005006007800900和1000ppm）。在GC中使用相同的脂肪酸分析条件注入标准品。绘制吸光度与浓度的校准曲线图。使用方程1确定提取的ω-3的浓度，单位为ω-3/g油。Cω−3=[C×V]Woil（1）Cω-3表示提取的ω-3的浓度，mgω-3/g油；C表示从校准曲线中获得的ω-3的浓度，mg/mL；V表示ω-3脂肪酸溶液的体积，mL，Woil是提取油的重量，g。 FTIR分析MAAEE、MAE和SE提取的ETS油的化学结构通过FTIR光谱仪（Perkin-Elmer Spectrum One）进行测定，该光谱仪配备有氘代硫酸三甘氨酸（DTGS）作为检测器和KBr/锗作为分束器。A fe
{"title":"GREEN MICROWAVE-ASSISTED AQUEOUS ENZYMATIC EXTRACTION OF Elateriospermum tapos SEED OILS","authors":"N. Tan, I. Muhamad","doi":"10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-13","url":null,"abstract":"Microwave-assisted aqueous enzymatic extraction (MAAEE) is a promising green technology that is fast, efficient and energy saving. The physicochemical parameters and fatty acids composition of the MAAEE-extracted oil were reportedly quite comparable with those of solvent-extracted oil and control oil, showing no significant differences (p> 0.05) among the extraction methods. However, the oxidative stability of the MAAEE obtained oil was found to be considerably improved in the comparison as evident by the determinations of chemical profile values. Moreover, the microwave-enzymatic adjuvant improved the oil extraction yield as well as the oxidation properties of the oil produced without altering its other quality attributes. The present work compared the quality characteristics of microwave-assisted aqueous enzymatic extracted Elateriospermum tapos seed oil with those of hexane-extracted oil and control oil. Interestingly, MAAEE process has achieved 12% and 16% higher extraction efficiency and concentrated omega-3 fatty acid, respectively compared to non-enzymatic microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). Although resulted in lower yield than hexane-extraction (Soxhlet), MAAEE extracted 24% higher concentrated omega-3 fatty acid with almost 99% removal of anti-nutrient amygdalin within 75 seconds. Hence the study on the interaction of extraction parameters as well as the MAAEE optimization process is sustainably feasible. Keyword: microwave assisted aqueous enzymatic extraction, seed oils, Elateriospermum tapos, amygdalin Abstrak Pengekstrakan enzim berakues yang dibantu dengan gelombang mikro (MAAEE) adalah teknologi hijau yang menjanjikan proses yang pantas, cekap dan penjimatan tenaga. Parameter fizikokimia dan komposisi asid lemak daripada minyak yang diekstrak MAAEE dilaporkan setara berbanding dengan minyak ekstrak-pelarut dan minyak kawalan serta tidak menunjukkan perbezaan ketara (p> 0.05) di antara kaedah pengekstrakan. Walau bagaimanapun, kestabilan oksidatif minyak MAAEE didapati lebih baik dalam perbandingan seperti yang ditunjukkan oleh penentuan nilai-nilai profil kimia. Tambahan pula, adjuvan gelombang mikro-berenzim meningkatkan hasil pengeluaran minyak serta ciri pengoksidaan minyak yang dihasilkan tanpa mengubah sifat-sifat kualiti yang lain. Kajian ini membandingkan ciri-ciri kualiti minyak biji Elateriospermum tapos secara kaedah pengekstrakan enzim berakues-berbantu gelombang mikro dengan minyak ekstrak-pelarut heksana dan minyak kawalan. Menariknya, proses MAAEE telah masing-masing mencapai kecekapan pengekstrakan 12% dan kepekatan asid lemak omega-3 16% lebih tinggi berbanding pengekstrakan berbantu gelombang mikro tanpa berenzim (MAE). Walaupun hasilan lebih rendah daripada pengekstrakan heksana (Soxhlet), MAAEE memperoleh asid lemak omega-3 berkepekatan 24% lebih tinggi dengan hampir 99% penyingkiran amigdalin anti-nutrien dalam 75 saat. Oleh itu, kajian mengenai interaksi parameter pengekstrakan serta proses pengoptimuman MAAE","PeriodicalId":39007,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41968751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-25DOI: 10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-16
{"title":"KINETIC DEGRADATION OF TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT, DPPH RADICAL SCAVENGING AND XANTHINE OXIDASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITIES IN YANANG (Tiliacora triandra) LEAF EXTRACT DURING PREPARATION PROCESS","authors":"","doi":"10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39007,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42996630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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