Pub Date : 2018-06-25DOI: 10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-21
Herbal medicinal plant have been recognized as alternative and natural drugs for therapeutic purposes due to their high content of phytocompounds with anti-bacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Low solubility and poor absorption of medicinal compounds are seen as major challenges for herbal drugs. Impregnation of these substances into aerogels as a carrier is an innovative to improve poorly soluble compounds. In this work, alginate hydrogels were produced via sol-gel processing method and dried by supercritical CO2 drying to obtain high porous structure of alginate aerogels. Alginate is a type of polysaccharides that is widely applied in biomedical, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and foods due to its nontoxic, stability and versatility properties. Plant extracts of Clinacanthus nutans Lindau (C. nutans) were impregnated into the alginate aerogels via liquid media followed by supercritical drying and via supercritical CO2 assisted impregnation technique. Results exhibited that the initial concentration of polyphenols of the C.nutans extracts impregnated in the alginate aerogels is stable in the range of 0.796 to 0.745 mg/g in 6 month and drastically reduced after 9 month of storage duration. The herbal extract type C.nutans-100 loaded via supercritical CO2 impregnation has a comparable specific loading to the method of liquid media, range from 1.4 to 1.5 × 10 g/m whereas the specific loading of C.nutans-50 extract impregnated via liquid media showed higher compared with the loading by method of supercritical CO2.
{"title":"ALGINATE AEROGELS DRIED BY SUPERCRITICAL CO2 AS HERBAL DELIVERY CARRIER","authors":"","doi":"10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-21","url":null,"abstract":"Herbal medicinal plant have been recognized as alternative and natural drugs for therapeutic purposes due to their high content of phytocompounds with anti-bacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Low solubility and poor absorption of medicinal compounds are seen as major challenges for herbal drugs. Impregnation of these substances into aerogels as a carrier is an innovative to improve poorly soluble compounds. In this work, alginate hydrogels were produced via sol-gel processing method and dried by supercritical CO2 drying to obtain high porous structure of alginate aerogels. Alginate is a type of polysaccharides that is widely applied in biomedical, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and foods due to its nontoxic, stability and versatility properties. Plant extracts of Clinacanthus nutans Lindau (C. nutans) were impregnated into the alginate aerogels via liquid media followed by supercritical drying and via supercritical CO2 assisted impregnation technique. Results exhibited that the initial concentration of polyphenols of the C.nutans extracts impregnated in the alginate aerogels is stable in the range of 0.796 to 0.745 mg/g in 6 month and drastically reduced after 9 month of storage duration. The herbal extract type C.nutans-100 loaded via supercritical CO2 impregnation has a comparable specific loading to the method of liquid media, range from 1.4 to 1.5 × 10 g/m whereas the specific loading of C.nutans-50 extract impregnated via liquid media showed higher compared with the loading by method of supercritical CO2.","PeriodicalId":39007,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67646684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-25DOI: 10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-05
Nor Aqilah Mohd Fadzil, M. Rahim, G. P. Maniam
This paper presents the synthesis of rare earth cerium(IV) oxide (ceria) via simple precipitation method under room temperature. The two aims of this research are to: (i) synthesise a ceria-based material using simple process and chemicals and (ii) modify the ceria-based material with environmentally friendly elements. In this study, cerium nitrate hexahydrate and sodium hydroxide were utilised as the precursor and precipitant, respectively, to attain desired crystallite size and shape, at a fixed reaction pH of 12. Besides that, common cationic surfactant, cetyl-tri-methyl-ammonium bromide (CTAB), was used to enhance ceria-based material’s coveted properties. Furthermore, addition of surfactant and aging time (30 minutes, and 5, 10, 20, and 30 days) were also examined. Findings showed that as aging time increased, crystallite size decreased and production of large agglomerations were not observed. Then, optimum aging time was applied for synthesis of ceria material and modified ceria material, FeCeO2/TiO2, via impregnation method. These materials were subjected to X-ray diffraction (XRD), CO2-TemperatureProgrammed Desorption (CO2-TPD), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) to investigate the mutual effect of surfactant addition and aging time.
{"title":"ROOM TEMPERATURE SYNTHESIS OF CERIA BY THE ASSISTED OF CATIONIC SURFACTANT AND AGING TIME","authors":"Nor Aqilah Mohd Fadzil, M. Rahim, G. P. Maniam","doi":"10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-05","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the synthesis of rare earth cerium(IV) oxide (ceria) via simple precipitation method under room temperature. The two aims of this research are to: (i) synthesise a ceria-based material using simple process and chemicals and (ii) modify the ceria-based material with environmentally friendly elements. In this study, cerium nitrate hexahydrate and sodium hydroxide were utilised as the precursor and precipitant, respectively, to attain desired crystallite size and shape, at a fixed reaction pH of 12. Besides that, common cationic surfactant, cetyl-tri-methyl-ammonium bromide (CTAB), was used to enhance ceria-based material’s coveted properties. Furthermore, addition of surfactant and aging time (30 minutes, and 5, 10, 20, and 30 days) were also examined. Findings showed that as aging time increased, crystallite size decreased and production of large agglomerations were not observed. Then, optimum aging time was applied for synthesis of ceria material and modified ceria material, FeCeO2/TiO2, via impregnation method. These materials were subjected to X-ray diffraction (XRD), CO2-TemperatureProgrammed Desorption (CO2-TPD), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) to investigate the mutual effect of surfactant addition and aging time.","PeriodicalId":39007,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67647028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-25DOI: 10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-13
S.-L. Jan, Nur Adriana Hasya Mohd Azhar, M. Jani
Sodium’s chemical properties are like lithium and as batteries it has potential to be environmentally friendly, easier to recycle but five times much cheaper than lithium-ion batteries. Sodium cobalt oxide (NaCoO2) cathode material in a sodium-ion battery was synthesized by a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) assisted sol-gel method and its physical characterization was being analysed by using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), attenuated total reflectance-fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). PVA was chosen as gelating agent as well as carbon source for the synthesized material in this study. The cathode material is observed to have smooth morphology and the particle sizes reach to sub-micrometre level which benefit for the high rate performance, although the shape of particles was irregular.
{"title":"SYNTHESIZED AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SODIUM COBALT OXIDE AS SODIUM-ION CATHODE BATTERIES USING SOL-GEL METHOD","authors":"S.-L. Jan, Nur Adriana Hasya Mohd Azhar, M. Jani","doi":"10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-13","url":null,"abstract":"Sodium’s chemical properties are like lithium and as batteries it has potential to be environmentally friendly, easier to recycle but five times much cheaper than lithium-ion batteries. Sodium cobalt oxide (NaCoO2) cathode material in a sodium-ion battery was synthesized by a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) assisted sol-gel method and its physical characterization was being analysed by using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), attenuated total reflectance-fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). PVA was chosen as gelating agent as well as carbon source for the synthesized material in this study. The cathode material is observed to have smooth morphology and the particle sizes reach to sub-micrometre level which benefit for the high rate performance, although the shape of particles was irregular.","PeriodicalId":39007,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67647073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-25DOI: 10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-19
Mohd Zahari Abdullah, N. A. Alias
A severe haze episode has swept across Malaysia in late June until October 2015 and has caused sharp rises of Air Pollution Index (API) across the country. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of haze event on the API sub-indices during 10 days of the sampling period. The air particulate samples (PM10) were collected at an open site in UiTM Jengka, Pahang by using high volume air sampler (HVAS). The standard acid digestion method was applied to dissolve the sample and the concentrations of heavy metals were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma – optical emission spectrometry (ICP–OES). The API sub-indices were calculated based on the standard method applied by Department of Environment (DOE) Malaysia. The results showed significant differences in PM10 mass between haze and non-haze days, which were ranged between 28.4 μg/m 3 to 132.9 μg/m and 17.3 μg/m to 34.7 μg/m for the respective two sampling intervals, haze and non-haze days. The mass concentrations of the studied metals did not show any significant different between the two intervals which indicates other constituent of particulate has contributed to the different weight of PM10. The highest API sub-indices during haze days was recorded as 89 which is classified as moderate level of air pollution. The overall results clearly showed that haze event has increased the PM10 mass of the surrounding air but not the concentration of heavy metals.
{"title":"VARIATION OF PM10 AND HEAVY METALS CONCENTRATION OF SUB-URBAN AREA CAUSED BY HAZE EPISODE","authors":"Mohd Zahari Abdullah, N. A. Alias","doi":"10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-19","url":null,"abstract":"A severe haze episode has swept across Malaysia in late June until October 2015 and has caused sharp rises of Air Pollution Index (API) across the country. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of haze event on the API sub-indices during 10 days of the sampling period. The air particulate samples (PM10) were collected at an open site in UiTM Jengka, Pahang by using high volume air sampler (HVAS). The standard acid digestion method was applied to dissolve the sample and the concentrations of heavy metals were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma – optical emission spectrometry (ICP–OES). The API sub-indices were calculated based on the standard method applied by Department of Environment (DOE) Malaysia. The results showed significant differences in PM10 mass between haze and non-haze days, which were ranged between 28.4 μg/m 3 to 132.9 μg/m and 17.3 μg/m to 34.7 μg/m for the respective two sampling intervals, haze and non-haze days. The mass concentrations of the studied metals did not show any significant different between the two intervals which indicates other constituent of particulate has contributed to the different weight of PM10. The highest API sub-indices during haze days was recorded as 89 which is classified as moderate level of air pollution. The overall results clearly showed that haze event has increased the PM10 mass of the surrounding air but not the concentration of heavy metals.","PeriodicalId":39007,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41519218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-25DOI: 10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-01
Norseyrihan Mohd Sohaimi, N. Saleh, M. Ariffin, S. Y. Beh, R. Ahmad
Cloud point extraction is developed using a low viscosity surfactant (Sylgard 309) coupled with HPLC-UV. It is a simple method for extraction of parabens in various samples. At the optimum conditions, the method developed achieves limit of detection and extraction recoveries in the range of 0.01 ppm – 0.02 ppm and 68.5% -119.3%, respectively. Linearity of the calibration curves in the range of 0.2-1.0 mg/L. The correlation coefficient are achieved between 0.9995-0.9999. Each replicated samples are spiked with 1 mg/L of parabens. The results indicate that surfactant Sylgard 309 has a great potential for the extraction of organic pollutant in various samples.
{"title":"AN ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY METHOD FOR EXTRACTION OF PARABENS IN VARIOUS SAMPLES USING LOW VISCOSITY AND LOW CLOUD POINT TEMPERATURE SURFACTANT","authors":"Norseyrihan Mohd Sohaimi, N. Saleh, M. Ariffin, S. Y. Beh, R. Ahmad","doi":"10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-01","url":null,"abstract":"Cloud point extraction is developed using a low viscosity surfactant (Sylgard 309) coupled with HPLC-UV. It is a simple method for extraction of parabens in various samples. At the optimum conditions, the method developed achieves limit of detection and extraction recoveries in the range of 0.01 ppm – 0.02 ppm and 68.5% -119.3%, respectively. Linearity of the calibration curves in the range of 0.2-1.0 mg/L. The correlation coefficient are achieved between 0.9995-0.9999. Each replicated samples are spiked with 1 mg/L of parabens. The results indicate that surfactant Sylgard 309 has a great potential for the extraction of organic pollutant in various samples.","PeriodicalId":39007,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47195069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-25DOI: 10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-24
{"title":"RAPID SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LEAF-LIKE ZEOLITIC IMIDAZOLATE FRAMEWORK","authors":"","doi":"10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39007,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45146660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-25DOI: 10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-12
W. Razali, A. Kasim, S. A. Senawi, A. Hashim, N. Yahya, H. A. Rafaie
Numerous works have been done on finding nanoparticles (NPs) with excellent optical properties. In this work, ruby (chromium doped alumina) nanoparticles have been prepared using femtosecond laser ablation. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterised using dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and fluorescence microscopy. DLS analysis indicates that the particles size is approximately 52 nm. TEM analysis gives smaller particles size with mean size of 38 nm compared to DLS analysis. Spherical shape of the particles was observed through TEM image. The synthesized NPs showed excellent stability in water with +55 mV zeta potential value. The most efficient wavelengths to excite the ruby NPs were determined as 405 nm and 554 nm. The emission peak for the ruby NPs was at 690 nm which is corresponds to 2E-4A2 transition. The synthesized ruby NPs can be applied as a potential bioimaging label
{"title":"FABRICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF RUBY NANOPARTICLES","authors":"W. Razali, A. Kasim, S. A. Senawi, A. Hashim, N. Yahya, H. A. Rafaie","doi":"10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-12","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous works have been done on finding nanoparticles (NPs) with excellent optical properties. In this work, ruby (chromium doped alumina) nanoparticles have been prepared using femtosecond laser ablation. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterised using dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and fluorescence microscopy. DLS analysis indicates that the particles size is approximately 52 nm. TEM analysis gives smaller particles size with mean size of 38 nm compared to DLS analysis. Spherical shape of the particles was observed through TEM image. The synthesized NPs showed excellent stability in water with +55 mV zeta potential value. The most efficient wavelengths to excite the ruby NPs were determined as 405 nm and 554 nm. The emission peak for the ruby NPs was at 690 nm which is corresponds to 2E-4A2 transition. The synthesized ruby NPs can be applied as a potential bioimaging label","PeriodicalId":39007,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49049698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-25DOI: 10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-06
Nicholas Chia Wei Ng, S. Poh
Groundwater discharge can be a significant pathway for dissolved nutrients to surface water and thus can bring forth important implications to the coastal biogeochemical cycles. Discrete sampling of radon concentrations at several locations along an interridge drainage off Setiu Wetlands were carried out to estimate the fluxes of groundwater discharge. The Rn mass balance results show that groundwater discharge in the drainage is estimated to be 6649 mday, made up of ~33% of total water discharge and has contributed 2.88×10 molday, 1.23×10 molday and 0.75molday of ammonium-nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen and nitrite-nitrogen, respectively into the surface water drainage. Strong correlation between radon and ammonium suggested that the source of nutrient in drainage is groundwater-based, derived probably from the nearby damaged or leaking residential septic tanks and from agricultural practices of oil palm plantation.
{"title":"QUANTIFICATION OF GROUNDWATER-DERIVED NUTRIENTS INTO BEACH RIDGE DRAINAGE USING RADON MASS BALANCE MODEL","authors":"Nicholas Chia Wei Ng, S. Poh","doi":"10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-06","url":null,"abstract":"Groundwater discharge can be a significant pathway for dissolved nutrients to surface water and thus can bring forth important implications to the coastal biogeochemical cycles. Discrete sampling of radon concentrations at several locations along an interridge drainage off Setiu Wetlands were carried out to estimate the fluxes of groundwater discharge. The Rn mass balance results show that groundwater discharge in the drainage is estimated to be 6649 mday, made up of ~33% of total water discharge and has contributed 2.88×10 molday, 1.23×10 molday and 0.75molday of ammonium-nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen and nitrite-nitrogen, respectively into the surface water drainage. Strong correlation between radon and ammonium suggested that the source of nutrient in drainage is groundwater-based, derived probably from the nearby damaged or leaking residential septic tanks and from agricultural practices of oil palm plantation.","PeriodicalId":39007,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44338032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-25DOI: 10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-02
I. Sahidin, C. W. Sabandar, Wahyuni, Rini Hamsidi, M. Malaka, B. Sadarun, La Ode Aslan
Chemical compounds classified as A-nor steroids (1–4) were isolated from a marine sponge of the Clathria sp., collected from Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Of these, one new compound, clathruhoate (1) was elucidated as 3β(butyryloxymethyl)-A-nor-5α-cholestane. All compounds were obtained using silica gel chromatography techniques and their structures were determined based on 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic measurements and comparison with values from literature. Meanwhile, all compounds were inactive for antimicrobial activity.
从印度尼西亚苏拉威西岛东南部的一种海海绵Clathria sp.中分离到甾体类化合物(1-4)。其中，一种新化合物克鲁霍特酸酯(1)被鉴定为3β(丁基氧甲基)- a -no -5α-胆甾烷。所有化合物均采用硅胶色谱技术获得，并根据一维和二维核磁共振波谱测量和与文献值的比较确定其结构。同时，所有化合物均无抗菌活性。
{"title":"A-NOR STEROIDS FROM THE MARINE SPONGE, Clathria SPECIES","authors":"I. Sahidin, C. W. Sabandar, Wahyuni, Rini Hamsidi, M. Malaka, B. Sadarun, La Ode Aslan","doi":"10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2018-2203-02","url":null,"abstract":"Chemical compounds classified as A-nor steroids (1–4) were isolated from a marine sponge of the Clathria sp., collected from Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Of these, one new compound, clathruhoate (1) was elucidated as 3β(butyryloxymethyl)-A-nor-5α-cholestane. All compounds were obtained using silica gel chromatography techniques and their structures were determined based on 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic measurements and comparison with values from literature. Meanwhile, all compounds were inactive for antimicrobial activity.","PeriodicalId":39007,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44540280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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