Whether segregating a sophisticated software component into smaller services, transferring data between computers, or creating a general gateway for seamless communication, you can rely on middleware to achieve communication between different devices, applications, and software layers. Following the increasing agile movement, the tech industry has adopted the use of fast waterfall models to create stacks of layers for each structural need, including integration, communication, data, and security. Given this scope, emphasis must now be on endpoint connection and agile development. This means that middleware should not serve solely as an object-oriented solution to execute simple request-response commands. Middleware can incorporate pull-push events and streams via multiple gateways by combining microservices architectures to develop a holistic decentralized ecosystem.
{"title":"Middleware 101","authors":"Alexandros Gazis, E. Katsiri","doi":"10.1145/3526211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3526211","url":null,"abstract":"Whether segregating a sophisticated software component into smaller services, transferring data between computers, or creating a general gateway for seamless communication, you can rely on middleware to achieve communication between different devices, applications, and software layers. Following the increasing agile movement, the tech industry has adopted the use of fast waterfall models to create stacks of layers for each structural need, including integration, communication, data, and security. Given this scope, emphasis must now be on endpoint connection and agile development. This means that middleware should not serve solely as an object-oriented solution to execute simple request-response commands. Middleware can incorporate pull-push events and streams via multiple gateways by combining microservices architectures to develop a holistic decentralized ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":39042,"journal":{"name":"Queue","volume":"20 1","pages":"10 - 23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46491903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Low latency is an important feature for many Google applications such as Search, and latency-analysis tools play a critical role in sustaining low latency at scale. For complex distributed systems that include services that constantly evolve in functionality and data, keeping overall latency to a minimum is a challenging task. In large, real-world distributed systems, existing tools such as RPC telemetry, CPU profiling, and distributed tracing are valuable to understand the subcomponents of the overall system, but are insufficient to perform end-to-end latency analyses in practice. Scalable and accurate fine-grain tracing has made Critical Path Tracing the standard approach for distributed latency analysis for many Google applications, including Google Search.
{"title":"Distributed Latency Profiling through Critical Path Tracing","authors":"Brian Eaton, Jeff Sterart, Jon Tedesco, N. Tas","doi":"10.1145/3526967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3526967","url":null,"abstract":"Low latency is an important feature for many Google applications such as Search, and latency-analysis tools play a critical role in sustaining low latency at scale. For complex distributed systems that include services that constantly evolve in functionality and data, keeping overall latency to a minimum is a challenging task. In large, real-world distributed systems, existing tools such as RPC telemetry, CPU profiling, and distributed tracing are valuable to understand the subcomponents of the overall system, but are insufficient to perform end-to-end latency analyses in practice. Scalable and accurate fine-grain tracing has made Critical Path Tracing the standard approach for distributed latency analysis for many Google applications, including Google Search.","PeriodicalId":39042,"journal":{"name":"Queue","volume":"20 1","pages":"40 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46504676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A few years ago, my team was working on a commercial Java development project for Enhanced 911 (E911) emergency call centers. We were frustrated by trying to meet the data-storage requirements of this project using the traditional model of Java over an SQL database. After some reflection about the particular requirements (and nonrequirements) of the project, we took a deep breath and decided to create our own custom persistence layer from scratch.
{"title":"Persistence Programming","authors":"A. Cobbs","doi":"10.1145/3526210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3526210","url":null,"abstract":"A few years ago, my team was working on a commercial Java development project for Enhanced 911 (E911) emergency call centers. We were frustrated by trying to meet the data-storage requirements of this project using the traditional model of Java over an SQL database. After some reflection about the particular requirements (and nonrequirements) of the project, we took a deep breath and decided to create our own custom persistence layer from scratch.","PeriodicalId":39042,"journal":{"name":"Queue","volume":"20 1","pages":"24 - 39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43022670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Autonomous computing is a pattern for business work using collaborations to connect fiefdoms and their emissaries. This pattern, based on paper forms, has been used for centuries. Here, we explain fiefdoms, collaborations, and emissaries. We examine how emissaries work outside the autonomous boundary and are convenient while remaining an outsider. And we examine how work across different fiefdoms can be initiated, run for long periods of time, and eventually be completed.
{"title":"Autonomous Computing","authors":"Pat Helland","doi":"10.1145/3526208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3526208","url":null,"abstract":"Autonomous computing is a pattern for business work using collaborations to connect fiefdoms and their emissaries. This pattern, based on paper forms, has been used for centuries. Here, we explain fiefdoms, collaborations, and emissaries. We examine how emissaries work outside the autonomous boundary and are convenient while remaining an outsider. And we examine how work across different fiefdoms can be initiated, run for long periods of time, and eventually be completed.","PeriodicalId":39042,"journal":{"name":"Queue","volume":"20 1","pages":"80 - 104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46911018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Questions such as, "How do we secure this data?" work only if you ask them at the start, and not when some lawyers or government officials are sitting in a conference room, rooting through your data and logs, and making threatening noises under their breath. All the things we care about with our data require forethought, but it seems in our rush to create "stakeholder value" we are willing to sacrifice these important attributes and just act like data gourmands, until, like Mr. Creosote in Monty Python's The Meaning of Life, we explode, scattering half-digested data all over the dining room.
像“我们如何保护这些数据?”这样的问题，只有在你一开始就问的时候才管用，而当一些律师或政府官员坐在会议室里，翻看你的数据和日志，并低声发出威胁的声音时，就行不通了。我们关心的所有与数据有关的事情都需要深思熟虑，但在急于创造“利益相关者价值”的过程中，我们似乎愿意牺牲这些重要的属性，像数据美食家一样，直到像巨蟒剧团(Monty Python)的《生命的意义》(the Meaning of Life)中的Creosote先生那样爆发，把消化不充分的数据撒得满地都是。
{"title":"The Planning and Care of Data","authors":"George Neville-Neil","doi":"10.1145/3526209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3526209","url":null,"abstract":"Questions such as, \"How do we secure this data?\" work only if you ask them at the start, and not when some lawyers or government officials are sitting in a conference room, rooting through your data and logs, and making threatening noises under their breath. All the things we care about with our data require forethought, but it seems in our rush to create \"stakeholder value\" we are willing to sacrifice these important attributes and just act like data gourmands, until, like Mr. Creosote in Monty Python's The Meaning of Life, we explode, scattering half-digested data all over the dining room.","PeriodicalId":39042,"journal":{"name":"Queue","volume":"20 1","pages":"4 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46021620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IT nerds tend to find technological solutions for all sorts of problems?economic, political, sociological, and so on. Most of the time, these solutions don't make the problems that much worse, but when a problem is of a purely economic nature, only solutions that affect the economics of the situation can possibly work. Neither cryptography nor smart programming will be able to move the needle even a little bit when the fundamental problem is that surveillance is too cheap to meter.
{"title":"Surveillance Too Cheap to Meter","authors":"Poul-Henning Kamp","doi":"10.1145/3546078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3546078","url":null,"abstract":"IT nerds tend to find technological solutions for all sorts of problems?economic, political, sociological, and so on. Most of the time, these solutions don't make the problems that much worse, but when a problem is of a purely economic nature, only solutions that affect the economics of the situation can possibly work. Neither cryptography nor smart programming will be able to move the needle even a little bit when the fundamental problem is that surveillance is too cheap to meter.","PeriodicalId":39042,"journal":{"name":"Queue","volume":"19 1","pages":"22 - 27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48505024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Covergence: Research for Practice reboot","authors":"Martin Kleppmann, P. Alvaro","doi":"10.1145/3546931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3546931","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39042,"journal":{"name":"Queue","volume":"20 1","pages":"88-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64053138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An unlucky fat-fingering precipitated the current crisis: The client had accidentally deleted the private key needed to sign new firmware updates. They had some exciting new features to ship, along with the usual host of reliability improvements. Their customers were growing impatient, but my client had to stall when asked for a release date. How could they come up with a meaningful date? They had lost the ability to sign a new firmware release.
{"title":"The Keys to the Kingdom","authors":"Phil Vachon","doi":"10.1145/3546079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3546079","url":null,"abstract":"An unlucky fat-fingering precipitated the current crisis: The client had accidentally deleted the private key needed to sign new firmware updates. They had some exciting new features to ship, along with the usual host of reliability improvements. Their customers were growing impatient, but my client had to stall when asked for a release date. How could they come up with a meaningful date? They had lost the ability to sign a new firmware release.","PeriodicalId":39042,"journal":{"name":"Queue","volume":"19 1","pages":"57 - 65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43482130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
KV continues to grind his teeth as he sees code loaded with debugging statements that would be totally unnecessary if the programmers who wrote the code could be both confident in and proficient with their debuggers. If one is lucky enough to have access to a good debugger, one should give extreme thanks to whatever they normally give thanks to and use the damn thing!
{"title":"Getting Off the Mad Path","authors":"George Neville-Neil","doi":"10.1145/3511662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3511662","url":null,"abstract":"KV continues to grind his teeth as he sees code loaded with debugging statements that would be totally unnecessary if the programmers who wrote the code could be both confident in and proficient with their debuggers. If one is lucky enough to have access to a good debugger, one should give extreme thanks to whatever they normally give thanks to and use the damn thing!","PeriodicalId":39042,"journal":{"name":"Queue","volume":"19 1","pages":"18 - 21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49647799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
FPGAs (field-programmable gate arrays) are remarkably versatile. They are used in a wide variety of applications and industries where use of ASICs (application-specific integrated circuits) is less economically feasible. Despite the area, cost, and power challenges designers face when integrating FPGAs into devices, they provide significant security and performance benefits. Many of these benefits can be realized in client compute hardware such as laptops, tablets, and smartphones.
{"title":"FPGAs in Client Compute Hardware","authors":"Michael Mattioli","doi":"10.1145/3512327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3512327","url":null,"abstract":"FPGAs (field-programmable gate arrays) are remarkably versatile. They are used in a wide variety of applications and industries where use of ASICs (application-specific integrated circuits) is less economically feasible. Despite the area, cost, and power challenges designers face when integrating FPGAs into devices, they provide significant security and performance benefits. Many of these benefits can be realized in client compute hardware such as laptops, tablets, and smartphones.","PeriodicalId":39042,"journal":{"name":"Queue","volume":"19 1","pages":"66 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46167217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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