Neurologia Argentina最新文献

英文中文

Características sociodemográficas y evolución clínica de los pacientes con enfermedad cerebrovascular atendidos en el Hospital General de la Plaza de la Salud en el período 2023 2023年保健广场总医院脑血管疾病患者的社会人口特征和临床发展情况

Q4 Medicine

Neurologia Argentina

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuarg.2025.03.004

Jesús Daniel Escobar García, Enmanuel Acevedo Santana, Kerol Manuel Pérez Rosario, Héctor Francisco Isaac Pillot

Introduction

Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading morbidities affecting humans, ranking second in the Americas —and therefore in our country— as a cause of mortality. It is also the main cause of disability worldwide.

Objective

To determine the sociodemographic characteristics and clinical progression of patients with CVD treated at the Hospital General de la Plaza de la Salud during the year 2023.

Materials and methods

An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection was conducted. Variables such as age, sex, type of disease, clinical manifestations, comorbidities, imaging methods, blood glucose levels, hospital stay, and clinical outcomes were evaluated. The sample consisted of 105 patients.

Results

The predominant age group for both types of CVD was 65 years or older, accounting for 47% in ischemic stroke cases and 64% in intraparenchymal hemorrhage. In subarachnoid hemorrhage, the predominant age group was 33–40 years, representing 31% of cases. Hospital stay for ischemic stroke was less than 7 days in 81% of cases. In contrast, subarachnoid hemorrhage and intraparenchymal hemorrhage had hospital stays greater than or equal to 7 days in 58 and 73% of cases, respectively. The percentage of patients discharged alive was highest in ischemic stroke at 96%, compared to 58% in subarachnoid hemorrhage and 73% in intraparenchymal hemorrhage.

Conclusions

According to the study results, the progression and hospital stay of patients with hemorrhagic CVD were more severe compared to those found in reviewed studies. As a recommendation, health authorities are urged to create specialized care units for CVD, equipped with medical teams to optimize patient diagnosis and treatment.

脑血管病（CVD）是影响人类的主要疾病之一，在美洲-因此在我国-作为死亡原因排名第二。它也是全世界致残的主要原因。目的了解2023年在总医院（General de la Plaza de la Salud）治疗的心血管疾病患者的社会人口学特征和临床进展。材料与方法采用回顾性资料收集的观察性、描述性、横断面研究。对年龄、性别、疾病类型、临床表现、合并症、影像学方法、血糖水平、住院时间和临床结果等变量进行评估。样本包括105名患者。结果两种类型CVD的主要年龄组均为65岁及以上，分别占缺血性脑卒中病例的47%和脑实质出血病例的64%。在蛛网膜下腔出血中，主要年龄组为33-40岁，占病例的31%。81%的缺血性脑卒中患者住院时间小于7天。相比之下，蛛网膜下腔出血和肺实质出血的住院时间分别大于或等于7天的占58%和73%。缺血性卒中患者存活出院的比例最高，为96%，而蛛网膜下腔出血为58%，肺内出血为73%。结论本研究结果显示，出血性心血管疾病患者的病情进展和住院时间较既往研究更为严重。作为一项建议，卫生当局被敦促为心血管疾病建立专门的护理单位，配备医疗团队，以优化患者的诊断和治疗。

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Síndrome de hemicorea hemibalismo secundario a estriatopatía diabética 糖尿病性肌萎缩性侧索硬化症

Q4 Medicine

Neurologia Argentina

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuarg.2025.03.003

David Fabian Ramirez Moreno , Alberto Masaru Shinchi Tanaka

Introduction

Hyperkinetic abnormal movements include chorea, dystonias, myoclonus, tremor, ballismus, and tics, and may be secondary to various treatable causes, such as metabolic disorders. Hemichorea-hemiballismus syndrome is a rare manifestation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and poor metabolic control.

Case presentation

We report the case of a 67-year-old woman with long-standing type 2 diabetes mellitus and glycated hemoglobin of 19%, who presented hyperkinetic movements in the left side of the body. Magnetic resonance imaging showed T1 hyperintensity of the right putamen, compatible with metabolic striatopathy. The patient improved after glycemic control and treatment with haloperidol.

Conclusion

Hyperglycemia-induced dyskinesia is a reversible condition with adequate metabolic control. It is essential to recognize this entity to avoid unnecessary studies and optimize therapeutic management.

高运动性异常运动包括舞蹈病、肌张力障碍、肌阵挛、震颤、ballismus和抽搐，可能继发于各种可治疗的原因，如代谢紊乱。偏瘫综合征是代谢控制不良的2型糖尿病患者中一种罕见的症状。我们报告一位67岁女性，长期患有2型糖尿病，糖化血红蛋白为19%，表现为左侧身体多动运动。磁共振显示右侧壳核T1高，与代谢性纹状体病相符。患者经血糖控制和氟哌啶醇治疗后病情好转。结论高血糖引起的运动障碍是一种可逆的代谢控制疾病。必须认识到这一实体，以避免不必要的研究和优化治疗管理。

引用次数: 0

No se diagnostica aquello que no se piensa. ¿Cuándo pensar encefalitis por Mycoplasma? 你不会诊断你不认为。什么时候考虑支原体脑炎？

Q4 Medicine

Neurologia Argentina

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuarg.2025.02.002

Noelia Acosta Pedemonte , Cristian Espona , Catalino Reinoso , Cintia Rodríguez , María Laura Menichini , Juan Jairala

Introduction

Encephalitis is defined as inflammation of the brain parenchyma. It can have multiple infectious and non-infectious etiologies. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a prevalent respiratory pathogen that can manifest with central nervous system (CNS) involvement.

Objective

To present a series of adult patients with encephalitis whose etiological studies suggest M. pneumoniae as a potential causal agent.

Materials and methods

A review of medical records from 2013 to 2023 was conducted, focusing on patients with clear cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) meningoencephalitis. After ruling out other etiologies, M. pneumoniae infection was identified as a possible explanation.

Results

Between 2013 and 2023, 11 adult patients were identified, 6 of whom were male and 5 female, with a mean age of 30.72 years (SD ± 17). Three patients presented with symptoms consistent with rhombencephalitis, while eight manifested as meningoencephalitis. Seventy-three percent of the patients reported preceding respiratory symptoms. Thirty percent showed leptomeningeal enhancement, and another 30% displayed T2 hyperintensities.

Conclusion

The most frequent profile in our population consisted of patients with clinical features consistent with encephalitis or rhombencephalitis, pleocytosis, and hyperproteinorrhachia below 1 g/l, with leptomeningeal enhancement on MRI and a history of respiratory tract infection within the previous 20 days.

脑炎的定义是脑实质的炎症。它可以有多种传染性和非传染性病因。肺炎支原体是一种常见的呼吸道病原体，可表现为中枢神经系统（CNS）受累。目的介绍一系列成人脑炎患者，其病因学研究表明肺炎支原体是潜在的病因。材料与方法回顾性分析2013 - 2023年脑脊液（CSF）脑膜脑炎患者的病历资料。在排除其他病因后，肺炎支原体感染被确定为一种可能的解释。结果2013 - 2023年共发现11例成人患者，其中男性6例，女性5例，平均年龄30.72岁（SD±17）。3例患者表现为菱形脑炎，8例表现为脑膜脑炎。73%的患者报告了之前的呼吸道症状。30%的人表现为薄脑膜增强，另外30%表现为T2高信号。结论本组患者中最常见的临床特征为脑炎或菱形脑炎、多细胞症和1 g/l以下高蛋白血症，MRI薄脑膜增强，20天内有呼吸道感染史。

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Q4 Medicine

Neurologia Argentina

Pub Date : 2025-01-01

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Q4 Medicine

Neurologia Argentina

Pub Date : 2025-01-01

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Q4 Medicine

Neurologia Argentina

Pub Date : 2025-01-01

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Q4 Medicine

Neurologia Argentina

Pub Date : 2025-01-01

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Protocolo de valoración neuroconductual estandarizada y de interpretación clínica de pacientes con trastornos crónicos de conciencia 慢性意识障碍患者标准化神经行为评估和临床解释方案

Q4 Medicine

Neurologia Argentina

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuarg.2024.11.004

María Julieta Russo , Hernán Marcelo Pavón , Florencia Deschle , María Verónica Marroquín , Orlando Aliaga , María de la Paz Sampayo

In this paper we investigate the existing literature on the possibility that some clinical findings may be useful for the diagnosis of the presence of conscious content in patients with chronic alterations of consciousness. From the neurological evaluation of certain characteristics of the patients in a systematized way, we try to detect the presence of content of consciousness in those cases in which the recommended clinical tools, such as the revised coma recovery scale, fail to unmask content of consciousness and we are in the presence of cases of the so-called “covert consciousness”. Although the diagnosis of this type of states is, to date, performed with functional neurological studies, a strategy for detecting phenotypic findings is presented for these patients that may be useful for the correct diagnosis.

在本文中，我们调查了现有文献的可能性，一些临床发现可能有助于诊断慢性意识改变患者意识内容的存在。通过系统地对患者的某些特征进行神经学评估，我们试图在那些推荐的临床工具，如修订的昏迷恢复量表，无法揭示意识内容的情况下，检测意识内容的存在，我们在所谓的“隐蔽意识”的情况下存在。尽管迄今为止，这种状态的诊断是通过功能性神经学研究进行的，但为这些患者提供了一种检测表型发现的策略，可能有助于正确诊断。

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Q4 Medicine

Neurologia Argentina

Pub Date : 2025-01-01

引用次数: 0

Q4 Medicine

Neurologia Argentina

Pub Date : 2025-01-01

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